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  • 1
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    Atmospheric Flash Drought in the Caribbean (2024)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-01
    Description: Despite the intensifying interest in flash drought both within the United States and globally, moist tropical landscapes have largely escaped the attention of the flash drought community. Because these ecozones are acclimatized to receiving regular, near-daily precipitation, they are especially vulnerable to rapid-drying events. This is particularly true within the Caribbean Sea basin where numerous small islands lack the surface and groundwater resources to cope with swiftly developing drought conditions. This study fills the tropical flash drought gap by examining the pervasiveness of flash drought across the pan-Caribbean region using a recently proposed criterion based on the evaporative demand drought index (EDDI). The EDDI identifies 46 instances of widespread flash drought “outbreaks” in which significant fractions of the pan-Caribbean encounter rapid drying over 15 days and then maintain this condition for another 15 days. Moreover, a self-organizing maps (SOM) classification reveals a tendency for flash drought to assume recurring typologies concentrated in one of the Central American, South American, or Greater Antilles coastlines, although a simultaneous, Caribbean-wide drought is never observed within the 40-yr (1981–2020) period examined. Furthermore, three of the six flash drought typol- ogies identified by the SOM initiate most often during Phase 2 of the Madden–Julian oscillation. Collectively, these find- ings motivate the need to more critically examine the transferability of flash drought definitions into the global tropics, particularly for small water-vulnerable islands where even island-wide flash droughts may only occupy a few pixels in most reanalysis datasets.
    Description: Published
    Description: Refereed
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution
    Format: pp.2177-2189
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  • 2
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    At-sea application of the comet assay to a deep-sea fish (2024)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-01
    Description: Given the go ahead, deep-sea mining operations are likely to continue for decades on a substantial spatial scale and the resulting sediment plumes combined, are likely to extend beyond the licenced mining areas, and could lead to the chronic exposure of deep-sea organisms to a mixture of metals, even mobile species, such as fish, that could conceivably display avoidance behaviour. The metal concentrations, often substantially below lethal doses, mean that individual mortality is too blunt a measure to allow assessment of “serious harm”. Commonly used cellular biomarkers of exposure in ecotoxicology include DNA damage using the Comet assay. True deep-sea ecotoxicological studies with fish are rare and to our knowledge, there are no published data or method optimizations for deep-sea fish. Coryphaenoides ssp. were collected during SMARTEX expedition 1 (Feb/Mar, 2023) to the Clarion Clipperton Zone (CCZ) in the Eastern Pacific Ocean using a baited trap deployed between 4580–4,732m depth for 24–48 h. Blood and gill tissue were removed and processed for the Comet assay. In order to reduce artefactual DNA damage from cryopreservation observed previously, two sets of samples were prepared: a cryopreservative (10% DMSO) was added to one set of samples and stored at − 80 ◦C; the second set was used to perform a Comet assay within hours of collection. A custom-built gimble table enabled horizontal electrophoresis at sea after which Comet assay slides were dried and stored at room temperature until further analysis. The Comet assay was also assessed in freshly sampled and frozen rainbow trout cells as a proxy control in order to evaluate potential artefacts from the collection and sampling procedure of the deep-sea fish. The blood samples processed at sea had a significantly reduced level of DNA damage compared to the frozen samples. There was no significant difference between the fresh deep-sea and rainbow trout samples. However, the freshly prepared gill samples in Coryphaenoides ssp. showed substantial artefacts, possibly as a consequence of barotrauma. These results represent the first effort at establishing baseline DNA damage data for deep-sea fish, an essential component in understating and quantifying the impact of deep-sea mining.
    Description: Published
    Description: Refereed
    Keywords: Ecotoxicology ; DNA damage ; Genotoxicology ; Biomarker
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution
    Format: 8pp.
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  • 3
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    The advantages of Standardization and Data Sharing: a swift compilation of a high-quality data set for seismological studies in the East Anatolian Fault Zone (2024)
    In:  Abstracts
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-30
    Language: English
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject
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  • 4
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    Accounting for earthquake rates’ variability through Uniform Rate Zone forecasts in the 2022 Aotearoa New Zealand Seismic Hazard Model (2024)
    In:  Abstracts
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-30
    Language: English
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject
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  • 5
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    Detection of slow slip events along the southern Peru - northern Chile subduction zone (2024)
    In:  Abstracts
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-30
    Language: English
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject
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  • 6
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    Multidisciplinary integration of FAIR Research Infrastructures in the Geo-INQUIRE initiative: the EPOS – EMSO case (2024)
    In:  Abstracts
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-30
    Language: English
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject
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  • 7
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    Creeping sections on continental strike slip faults as the signature of deep fluid upwelling (2024)
    In:  Abstracts
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-30
    Language: English
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject
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  • 8
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    A versatile device for measuring the mode I fracture toughness with application to estimate the impact of water weakening in chalks (2023)
    In:  Revue Française de Géotechnique
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-30
    Description: A newly built versatile device for mode I fracture toughness measurement is presented. To test this apparatus, measurements have been conducted on two crystalline rocks, the Aue Granite and the Äspö Diorite, and two chalks from the Paris basin, Obourg and Ciply chalks. The fracture toughness KIC can be measured with two different testing procedures, the Semi-Circular Bend (SCB) and the Straight Edge Cracked Round Bar Bend (SECRBB) methods, both known for the easiness of the notched sample preparation. For the SCB tests, ultrasonic sensors were mounted at the sample surface to monitor changes in P-wave velocity and record acoustic emission activity. Our results are in reasonably good agreement with published data on the same rocks. The SECRBB test provides values of the fracture toughness 37% higher compared to the SCB test for the Obourg chalk. This discrepancy may be explained by a sample size effect. The fracture toughness of water saturated chalks is strongly reduced compared to that of the dry chalks by almost 50%. This shows that fracture toughness is a valuable parameter to assess the importance of water weakening in porous rocks.
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 9
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    The H2020 REFLECT project: Deliverable 3.3 – The REFLECT European Fluid Atlas (2023)
    GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-30
    Description: The recent deliverable describes the development and the characteristics of the European Fluid Atlas (EFA) created in the frame of the REFLECT project by University of Miskolc. In the Atlas, formerly existing and newly measured data of geothermal fluids are visualised. Fluid data were collected from 21 European countries. The layers provide point feature information presented on a base map, including geography, geology, and depth range, as well as physical, chemical and microbial properties of fluids. Data of wells, rocks and reservoirs are also available. The focus is on fluids used for electricity generation (〉 100 °C), but data from heat projects are also included. A free and open-source cross-platform is used for the visualisation, in which the geographic information system provides the environment to view, edit and analyse geospatial data. The interface includes query and filtering tools to explore the database with a map-based visualization. The query results can be downloaded as an excel worksheet. By selecting the entire dataset, the downloaded report contains all the data published on EFA.
    Language: English
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/report
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 10
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    Basic and other measurements of radiation at station Ny-Ålesund (2007-08) (2008)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Alfred Wegener Institute - Research Unit Potsdam
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-30
    Keywords: Air temperature at 2 m height; AWIPEV; AWIPEV_based; BARO; Barometer; Baseline Surface Radiation Network; BSRN; DATE/TIME; Diffuse radiation; Direct radiation; HEIGHT above ground; Humidity, relative; HYGRO; Hygrometer; Long-wave downward radiation; Long-wave upward radiation; Monitoring station; MONS; NYA; Ny-Ålesund; Ny-Ålesund, Spitsbergen; Pyranometer, Kipp & Zonen, CM11, SN 913708, WRMC No. 11011; Pyranometer, Kipp & Zonen, CM11, SN 913711, WRMC No. 11009; Pyranometer, Kipp & Zonen, CM11, SN 913712, WRMC No. 11016; Pyrgeometer, Eppley, PIR, SN 28858 F3, WRMC No. 11002; Pyrgeometer, Eppley, PIR, SN 28897 F3, WRMC No. 11001; Pyrheliometer, Eppley, NIP, SN 28058 E6, WRMC No. 13017; Short-wave downward (GLOBAL) radiation; Short-wave upward (REFLEX) radiation; Station pressure; Thermometer
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 401738 data points
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