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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2024-05-14
    Description: The 9th Data Science Symposium was in Bremen, 4.-5. May 2024
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Other , notRev
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2024-05-14
    Description: The thermokarst lakes of permafrost regions play a major role in the global carbon cycle. These lakes are sources of methane to the atmosphere although the methane flux is restricted by an ice cover for most of the year. How methane concentrations and fluxes in these waters are affected by the presence of an ice cover is poorly understood. To relate water body morphology, ice formation and methane to each other, we studied the ice of three different water bodies in locations typical of the transition of permafrost from land to ocean in a continuous permafrost coastal region in Siberia. In total, 11 ice cores were analyzed as records of the freezing process and methane composition during the winter season. The three water bodies differed in terms of connectivity to the sea, which affected fall freezing. The first was a bay underlain by submarine permafrost (Tiksi Bay, BY), the second a shallow thermokarst lagoon cut off from the sea in winter (Polar Fox Lagoon, LG) and the third a land-locked freshwater thermokarst lake (Goltsovoye Lake, LK). Ice on all water bodies was mostly methane-supersaturated with respect to atmospheric equilibrium concentration, except for three cores from the isolated lake. In the isolated thermokarst lake, ebullition from actively thawing basin slopes resulted in the localized integration of methane into winter ice. Stable δ13C-CH4 isotope signatures indicated that methane in the lagoon ice was oxidized to concentrations close to or below the calculated atmospheric equilibrium concentration. Increasing salinity during winter freezing led to a micro-environment on the lower ice surface where methane oxidation occurred and the lagoon ice functioned as a methane sink. In contrast, the ice of the coastal marine environment was slightly supersaturated with methane, consistent with the brackish water below. Our interdisciplinary process study shows how water body morphology affects ice formation which mitigates methane fluxes to the atmosphere.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2024-05-14
    Description: The subglacial landscape of Antarctica records and influences the behaviour of its overlying ice sheet. However, in many places, the evolution of the landscape and its control on ice sheet behaviour have not been investigated in detail. Using recently released radio-echo sounding data, we investigate the subglacial landscape of the Evans–Rutford region of West Antarctica. Following quantitative analysis of the landscape morphology under ice-loaded and ice-unloaded conditions, we identify 10 flat surfaces distributed across the region. Across these 10 surfaces, we identify two distinct populations based on clustering of elevations, which potentially represent remnants of regionally coherent pre-glacial surfaces underlying the West Antarctic Ice Sheet (WAIS). The surfaces are bounded by deeply incised glacial troughs, some of which have potential tectonic controls. We assess two hypotheses for the evolution of the regional landscape: (1) passive-margin evolution associated with the break-up of the Gondwana supercontinent or (2) an extensive planation surface that may have been uplifted in association with either the West Antarctic Rift System or cessation of subduction at the base of the Antarctic Peninsula. We suggest that passive-margin evolution is the most likely of these two mechanisms, with the erosion of glacial troughs adjacent to, and incising, the flat surfaces likely having coincided with the growth of the WAIS. These flat surfaces also demonstrate similarities to other identified surfaces, indicating that a similar formational process may have been acting more widely around the Weddell Sea embayment. The subsequent fluctuations of ice flow, basal thermal regime, and erosion patterns of the WAIS are therefore controlled by the regional tectonic structures.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
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  • 4
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    Les Amis d'Acarologia
    In:  Acarologia vol. 64 no. 2, pp. 602-611
    Publication Date: 2024-05-14
    Description: New records of rare water mites mostly from interstitial habitat of New Zealand are presented. One new genus, Zelandostygolimnochares n. gen. (Piersigiidae) with the type species Z. curtipalpis n. sp. is described. Zelandobates occidentalis Smit & Pešić, 2020 is synonymized with Z. tongariro Smit & Pešić, 2020. The male is for the first time described for Zelandotonia orion Cook, 1992, and the female is for the first time described for Aciculacarus amalis Cook, 1983. New records of a number of rare species are presented.
    Keywords: new species; taxonomy; hyporheic mites; new records; New Zealand
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2024-05-14
    Description: Type material of some South American species in the Museum für Naturkunde Berlin, belonging to different families is documented. It includes 16 species: Bulimus cuneus L. Pfeiffer, 1854, Bulimus proteus Broderip, 1832, Bulimus scalarioides L. Pfeiffer, 1867, Bulimus similaris J. Moricand, 1856, Andinia (Ehrmanniella) dedicata Weyrauch & Zilch, 1954, Helix hettneriana E. von Martens, 1897, Eurycampta hidalgonis Döring, 1877, Helix aequatoris L. Pfeiffer, 1860, Helix bituberculata L. Pfeiffer, 1853, Helix bourcieri L. Pfeiffer, 1853, Helix neogranadensis L. Pfeiffer, 1845, Cyclostoma (Cyclophorus) bourcieri L. Pfeiffer, 1854, and Helix platygyra Albers, 1857. The concept of the “salvation” of type material is explained.
    Keywords: Achatinidae ; Bulimulidae ; Clausiliidae ; Epiphragmophoridae ; Labyrinthidae ; Neocyclotidae ; Scolodontidae
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2024-05-14
    Description: Here we report a well-preserved isolated physeteroid tooth of Late Miocene age from Liessel, the Netherlands. The presence of several morphological features allows attribution to the macroraptorial physeteroids. Size and morphology are to some extent comparable to Zygophyseter and almost identical to the primarily tooth-based Tortonian taxon Scaldicetus caretti. However, the genus Scaldicetus was declared unutilizable, which is supported here with an overview of modern classifications of Scaldicetus species and specimens. Despite the restrictions, the type species S. caretti is still valid, although the name is to be restricted to the type material. Based on its morphological resemblance, the tooth is identified as Physeteroidea indet. cf. Scaldicetus caretti.
    Keywords: Late Miocene ; macroraptorial physeteroid ; Scaldicetus caretti ; Zygophyseter
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2024-05-14
    Description: Currently there are several problems with the genus-level taxa within the Scolodontidae. Multiple type-species designations have been proposed for some genera, type species are poorly described, and in some cases no clear decisions have been made in cases of homonymy or synonymy. This has resulted in wrongly identified species and genera within this group, which, among other problems, hinders the discovery and description of new species as well as the identification of known species. This paper is the first in a series in which all scolodontid genera will be redescribed based on type materials, starting with Happia Bourguignat, 1890 and its allies. Nomenclatural issues are resolved where possible. One new genus and a new species are described: Luteostriatella gen. nov. and Austroselenites pichinchense sp. nov. The following new combinations are made: Happia andia (Pilsbry, 1932) comb. nov., Systrophiella altivaga (Crawford, 1939) comb. nov., Systrophiella cayennensis (L. Pfeiffer, 1842) comb. nov., Systrophiella pygmea (Spix in Spix & Wagner, 1827) comb. nov., Systrophiella snethlagei (F. Baker, 1913) comb. nov., Systrophiella vitrina ( J.A. Wagner in Spix & Wagner, 1827) comb. nov., and Luteostriatella variegata (F. Haas, 1949) comb. nov.
    Keywords: Neotropics ; South America ; Mollusca ; Gastropoda ; Eupulmonata ; Scolodontina
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2024-05-14
    Description: Heterozygous mutations in COL10A1 lead to metaphyseal chondrodysplasia type Schmid (MCDS), a skeletal disorder characterized by epiphyseal abnormalities. Prior analysis revealed impaired trimerization and intracellular retention of mutant collagen type X alpha 1 chains as cause for elevated endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. However, how ER stress translates into structural defects remained unclear. We generated a medaka (Oryzias latipes) MCDS model harboring a 5 base pair deletion in col10a1, which led to a frameshift and disruption of 11 amino acids in the conserved trimerization domain. col10a1D633a heterozygotes recapitulated key features of MCDS and revealed early cell polarity defects as cause for dysregulated matrix secretion and deformed skeletal structures. Carbamazepine, an ER stress -reducing drug, rescued this polarity impairment and alleviated skeletal defects in col10a1D633a heterozygotes. Our data imply cell polarity dysregulation as a potential contributor to MCDS and suggest the col10a1D633a medaka mutant as an attractive MCDS animal model for drug screening.
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2024-05-14
    Description: This paper represents a continuation of taxonomic publications on the benthic fauna of polymetallic nodule fields in the eastern Clarion-Clipperton Zone (CCZ) using material collected during baseline environmental survey work targeting two exploration contract areas (“UK-1” and “OMS”) and one Area of Particular Environmental Interest, “APEI-6.” Families Poecilochaetidae Hannerz, 1956 and Spionidae Grube, 1850 of the annelid suborder Spioniformia were studied here. Taxonomic data are presented for 25 species from 98 records as identified by a combination of morphological and genetic approaches. Although sub-optimal morphological condition can prevent new species being formally described, it is essential that morphological, molecular, and voucher data are made available for future surveys. Descriptions of two new species— Poecilochaetus brenkei sp. nov. and Laonice shulseae sp. nov.—increase the number of formally described new annelid species from the areas targeted in this study to 15 and CCZ-wide to 46. We also discuss the commonly reported “cosmopolitan” deep-sea spionid Aurospio dibranchiata Maciolek, 1981, which we show represents several genetically distinct species (three of these from CCZ area alone) but without reliable morphological characters to separate them. Molecular data provide evidence that 15 out of 25 species reported here have a wide distribution within the eastern CCZ and that Aurospio sp. “NHM_2186” and the known species Prionospio amarsupiata Neal & Altamira in Paterson et al. 2016 may be cosmopolitan. Lastly, the molecular data provide insights into relationships within Spioniformia, suggesting that both Poecilochaetidae and Trochochaetidae belong within Spionidae.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2024-05-14
    Description: Holothurians are the dominant megabenthic deposit feeders in the Peru Basin (SE Pacific) and feed to various degrees of selectivity on a heterogenous pool of sedimentary detritus, but drivers of feeding selectivity and diet preferences for most holothurian species are unknown. This study reconstructs the diets of 13 holothurian species of the orders Elasipodida, Holothuriida, and Synallactida. Bulk stable isotope analyses (δ13C, δ15N) of holothurian body wall and gut wall tissues, gut contents, and feces were combined with compound-specific stable isotope analyses of amino acids, phospholipid-derived fatty acids, and neutral-lipid-derived fatty acids in the body wall. We further assessed how holothurians in the Peru Basin partition their resources and calculated how much of the daily particulate organic carbon (POC) flux to the area is ingested by them using information about gut contents of nine species. To assess the dependence of holothurians on fresh phytodetritus, we performed in situ pulse-chase experiments using 13C- and 15N-enriched phytodetritus. By measuring the uptake of this phytodetritus in fatty acids and amino acids and by comparing it with the presence of these compounds in the sediment, we calculated net accumulation and net deficiency for specific fatty acids and amino acids and discussed how climate change might affect the dependence on specific compounds. A Sørensen–Dice coefficient-based cluster analysis using data from trophic levels, levels of heterotrophic re-synthesis of amino acids, feeding selectivity, and food sources/diet suggested two major trophic groups with two optional subgroups each. Species-specific traits of locomotion, tentacle morphology, and gut structure likely allow resource partitioning and differences in selectivity among the holothurians, of which a subpopulation of 65% of all specimens can ingest 4 to 27% of the daily POC flux to the Peru Basin. Holothurians are specifically dependent on the uptake of arachidonic acid from phytodetritus, while most essential amino acids are available in the Peru Basin in sufficient concentrations.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
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