ALBERT

All Library Books, journals and Electronic Records Telegrafenberg

X
feed icon rss

Your email was sent successfully. Check your inbox.

An error occurred while sending the email. Please try again.

Proceed reservation?

Export
Filter
  • Articles  (1,133)
  • Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering  (1,133)
  • Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology  (1,133)
Collection
  • Articles  (1,133)
Source
Keywords
Publisher
Years
Topic
  • 101
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Photometric On-line Measurement of Surface Area of Powders (1985)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Particle and Particle Systems Characterization 2 (1985), S. 81-90 
    Details
    ISSN: 0934-0866
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Amongst the well known methods to measure surface area of particulate matter, preferably dry powders, only photometric methods can be used on-line.The basic equation for the photometric measurement of surface area is Lambert-Beer's law, which describes the attenuation of light (extinction) due to the presence of particles in a light beam. The attenuation being dependent not only on the size distribution of the particles in the light beam but also on their volume concentration. Since both effects alter the attenuation simultaneously the solids volume concentration has to be measured independently of the attenuation in a true on-line system. The instrument developed combines the extinction of white light with the absorption of γ-rays.Since the absorption of γ-rays demands more particles in the measuring zone than the attenuation of light, an aerosol stream of rectangular cross section has been used which allows the simultaneous measurement of extinction and γ-ray absorption.Apart from a brief description of the theoretical background of the instrument experimental evidence will be given of its suitability for on-line application [1, 2].
    Additional Material: 22 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.19850020116
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 102
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Errata (1985)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Particle and Particle Systems Characterization 2 (1985), S. 123-123 
    Details
    ISSN: 0934-0866
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: No. Abstract.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.19850020122
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 103
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Particle Deposition in High Capacity Preseparators (1985)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Particle and Particle Systems Characterization 2 (1985), S. 133-136 
    Details
    ISSN: 0934-0866
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: High capacity preseparators are used to reduce bounce and blow-off of large particles in cascade impactors. In this paper, results are presented of a detailed analysis of the deposition of particles in two slightly different preseparators of the impactor-type which are used in connection with the Andersen Stack Sampler. The advantage of using any preseparator for aerosols mixed with large particles (x 10 μm) is clearly shown.A preseparator which is integrated into the impactor has the advantages of smaller overall size, accessible surfaces and, therefore, easier handling. The results of the study show that the reduction of unwanted particle losses is rather small when compared with a separate preseparator.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.19850020124
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 104
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Laser Doppler Anemometry - a non-intrusive optical measuring technique for fluid velocityGerman version was published in “Laser und Optoelektronik” 17 (1985) 362-375. (1987)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Particle and Particle Systems Characterization 4 (1987), S. 26-37 
    Details
    ISSN: 0934-0866
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The present paper gives an introduction to laser Doppler anemometry. The fundamental principles of this measuring technique, as well as the basic features of its instrumental realizations, are explained. The application of laser Doppler anemometry to fluid investigations often requires an adaptation of the LDA-system to the measuring problem. Basic formulas for the lay-out and adaptation are given.
    Additional Material: 18 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.19870040107
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 105
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Measurement of velocities and diameters of small particles by using fast digital circuits for the on-line evaluation of laser-doppler-signalsPaper presented at the meeting of the “GVC-Fachausschuß Partikelmeßtechnik” on 22. 02. 1985 at Duisburg (FRG). (1985)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Particle and Particle Systems Characterization 2 (1985), S. 113-118 
    Details
    ISSN: 0934-0866
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Inspection of the scattered light by two photodetectors makes it possible to investigate the velocities of droplets as well as their size in disperse systems and has some advantages against related methods. When this method is used, the size of the droplets can be derived from the phase difference of the signals from the first and the second photodetector.Special problems of this method are discussed in the paper. A system with fast signal processing facilities, working mostly digitally, was developed in order to solve these problems. This system derives several digital signals from the signals of high frequencies that are gained from the photodetectors. These digital signals are combined by digital circuits of the ECL-type. The resulting pulse series are fed into several digital counters. The data from the counters and from some other inputs are further processed by a real time computer that was developed for this special task, using an 8088 micro processor. This real time computer is connected to an ordinary personal computer by a parallel interface.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.19850020120
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 106
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Measurement of Spatial Aerosol Distributions in Enclosures by Means of computed tomography (1985)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Particle and Particle Systems Characterization 2 (1985), S. 137-142 
    Details
    ISSN: 0934-0866
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A measurement method that approximates the spatial distribution of inhomogeneously distributed aerosols in a limited measurement plane is described. It is based on the evaluation of a comparably small number of infrared extinction measurements taken from the measurement plane boundary. The measured data are processed by means of computed tomography. The results are displayed on a monitor in a colour-coded picture of the aerosol-“density”-pattern. The basic design and the principal characteristics of the method are mathematically described and verified by simulation tests and practical results which are obtained from an experimental set up using smoldering wood as an aerosol source.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.19850020125
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 107
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Estimation of Particle Size Distributions Using Pipet-Withdrawal Centrifuges (1986)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Particle and Particle Systems Characterization 3 (1986), S. 122-128 
    Details
    ISSN: 0934-0866
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The mathematical treatments used in the evaluation of particle size distribution from pipet-withdrawal centrifuge data are reviewed. An error in the published procedure for multiple-sample withdrawal systems is pointed out and a corrected formulation is presented. An alternative treatment, based on a piece-wise linearization of the size distribution is described. Computer simulations of the analytical and data evaluation procedures indicate that the errors in the original formulation are not generally serious and that the corrected and alternative procedures lead to very similar estimates. Except for some cases involving very narrow size distributions, the alternative approach appears to give slightly closer estimates of the size distribution. Comparisons based on actual experimental data are also described.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.19860030306
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 108
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Applications of Condition Numbers A-priori Analysis of Moment Method for Describing Size Distributions (1986)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Particle and Particle Systems Characterization 3 (1986), S. 104-110 
    Details
    ISSN: 0934-0866
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A procedure for estimating the effectiveness of algorithms which retrieve size distribution parameters from cumulative fractions or moments is described. The principle of the algorithm is to select moments, or cumulative fractions, which minimize the condition number. Extensive tests of the algorithm for a distribution consisting of the sum of two log normal distributions were carried out. This procedure can be easily extended to use different numbers and types of constituent functions. The simulations indicated that moment methods which include positive and negative moments give the best result. When the means of the constituent distribution are close, the large condition numbers indicate that no algorithm will give unambiguous values for the parameters.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.19860030303
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 109
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Particle Size Analysis of Some Difficult Measurable SystemsPaper presented at the 4th meeting “Granulometrie” 1985 at Dresden. (1986)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Particle and Particle Systems Characterization 3 (1986), S. 163-167 
    Details
    ISSN: 0934-0866
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Knowledge of the granulometric behaviour of dispersed systems is vital for a full and complete characterisation. Despite the variety of methods and devices which have been developed for this purpose, difficulties frequently arise in the practical determination of particle size distribution. In this paper it is shown, by means of examples, how measurements for surface modified and porous particles can be influenced by the behaviour of the material, and which approaches exist to obtain accurate values by taking this into account.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.19860030405
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 110
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A Rapid Method for Determination of Changes in Shape of Comminuted Particles Using a Laser Diffractometer (1988)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Particle and Particle Systems Characterization 5 (1988), S. 13-15 
    Details
    ISSN: 0934-0866
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The size distributions of carefully screened √2 size fractions of ground materials were determined using a Microtrac laser diffractometer. The size distributions were fitted to the empirical function P(x) = 1/[1 + (x50/x)λ] where P(x) is cumulative mass fraction less than Microtrac size, x. The standard deviation of λ for a 50 second test time was approximately 0.5, so that seventeen test times give a mean with an estimated error within ± 0.25 (95% confidence level). Values of λ were 5.44, 4.82, 4.40 for a coal ground under different conditions, indicating statistically different shape distributions; the average value for mica was 2.91 owing to the high aspect ratio of the particles. The ratio of x50 to the geometric mean sieve size was 1.2 for the coal and 0.70 for mica.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.19880050104
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 111
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Forward Scattering Signature of a Spherical Particle Crossing a Laser Beam out of the Beam WaistPresented at the International Symposium on Optical Particle Sizing: Theory and Practice, Rouen (France), 12-15 May 1987. (1988)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Particle and Particle Systems Characterization 5 (1988), S. 9-12 
    Details
    ISSN: 0934-0866
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: When a particle crosses a laser beam out of the focal plane, the light attenuation signal occuring on the beam axis contains some information regarding the particle size and trajectory.These attenuation signatures are analysed and predicted with a simplified model based on Fraunhofer diffraction. Numerical and experimental results are found to be in good agreement.A modified laser Doppler velocimeter using this sizing method is able to perform simulataneous measurement of size and velocity of spherical particle in the range 10 μm-500 μm.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.19880050103
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 112
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Increased Resolution of Size Distributions with the Coulter Counter (1988)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Particle and Particle Systems Characterization 5 (1988), S. 29-37 
    Details
    ISSN: 0934-0866
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The limiting resolution of Coulter size measurements, the size within which two separate populations can be distinguished, is discussed in relation to the standard aperture.Electronic pulse editing, by comparing pulse height to width, enables small particles to be resolved from baseline instrument noise, but can give incomplete resolution of ultra-narrow distributions from artefactually produced peaks using the standard aperture. Improvements in the minimum measurable size and in sizing resolution of narrow size ranges are also shown to be possible by improving the signal quality from the Coulter aperture.A novel mathematical approach is described for the derivation of true size spectra for narrow particle size distributions by deconvolution of the composite spectra resulting from the effect of the inhomogeneous electric field in the Coulter aperture. Simple empirical equations are used derived from the location and amplitude of the spurious peaks observed in such composites relative to the genuine peaks.The method is applied to three “industrial” materials (wide size range samples) to determine the likelihood that such size ranges are affected by the spurious or artefactual peaks. A fresh blood sample deconvoluted by this method is shown to be apparently composed of more than one population of cells.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.19880050107
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 113
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Modeling of Multiple Scattering Effects in Fraunhofer Diffraction Particle Size AnalysisPresented at the International Symposium on Optical Particle Sizing: Theory and Practice, Rouen (France), 12-15 May 1987. (1988)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Particle and Particle Systems Characterization 5 (1988), S. 57-65 
    Details
    ISSN: 0934-0866
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A model for the direct problem of calculating the forward scattering signature of a multiple scattering medium is presented. The new formulation is optimized for integration into schemes for reconstructing the particle size distribution from laser diffraction (forward scattering) signatures obtained from optically thick media. The analysis is valid for media where the particle sizes and interparticle spacings are large (relative to the wavelength and the particle size, respectively) such that Fraunhofer diffraction theory adequately describes the properties of the forward scattered light from individual scattering events. The simulated performance of laser diffraction particle sizing instruments was then studied using predictions of the scattered light signatures which would be measured by laser diffraction instrument under multiple scattering conditions. The results were compared with experimental data and theoretical calculations based on other models.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.19880050202
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 114
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A Theoretical Interpretation of Meloy's Law of Morphological Coefficients (1988)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Particle and Particle Systems Characterization 5 (1988), S. 85-86 
    Details
    ISSN: 0934-0866
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: This note deals with the Fourier representation of particle shape. A frequency distribution pn, n = 1,2, …, expressing the contribution of the different harmonics to the dispersion of the position vector is defined. The Meloy law of morphological coefficients may be derived by optimizing the value of the informational entropy which is attached to pn.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.19880050206
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 115
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Small Angle Light Scattering Patterns from Micrometer-Sized SpheroidsPresented at the International Symposium on Optical Particle Sizing: Theory and Practice, Rouen (France), 12-15 May 1987. (1987)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Particle and Particle Systems Characterization 4 (1987), S. 134-140 
    Details
    ISSN: 0934-0866
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: By using a physical optics approximation, the scattering functions, i1 (θ), may be calculated for spheroidal particles of parameter sizes larger than 10. Emphasis is put on the angular location of their first extrema, as function of the refractive index, shape, size and orientation of the spheroid, which may greatly influence the outlook of their small angle 2 D patterns.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.19870040128
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 116
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Particle Sizing by Laser Light Diffraction: Improvements in Optics and AlgorithmsPresented at the International Symposium on Optical Particle Sizing: Theory and Practice, Rouen (France), 12-15 May 1987. (1987)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Particle and Particle Systems Characterization 4 (1987), S. 151-156 
    Details
    ISSN: 0934-0866
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A major problem encountered in particle sizing by laser light diffraction concerns the inversion of the diffraction pattern measured in a given experiment.Conventional methods for solving the linear system obtained can not be used in this problem, because the matrix is ill-conditioned and also because the diffraction pattern is usually determined with a low resolution annular diode detector. These problems may be solved with up to date optical detectors (linear CCD-arrays comprising 1024 photodiodes) and refined inversion techniques (conjugate gradient method and the analytical formulation due to Shifrin).These two aspects are described in this paper. Two inversion methods are compared and experimental results are discussed.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.19870040131
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 117
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Announcements (1988)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Particle and Particle Systems Characterization 5 (1988), S. 47-49 
    Details
    ISSN: 0934-0866
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.19880050109
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 118
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Visible Infra-red Double Extinction Measurements in Densely Laden Media, New ProgressPresented at the International Symposium on Optical Particle Sizing: Theory and Practice, Rouen (France), 12-15 May 1987. (1988)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Particle and Particle Systems Characterization 5 (1988), S. 51-56 
    Details
    ISSN: 0934-0866
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: This paper describes new progress obtained with an optical technique called V.I.D.E. (Visible Infra-red Double Extinction) which simultaneously measures mean particle size in the range of 10-120 μm and mean number density in densely laden media (up to 0.1% volume fraction). The underlying theory, taking account of multiple light scattering, is recalled. Simultaneous size and concentration measurements are obtained by simultaneously recording transmittances of the medium at two well chosen wavelengths. Experimental results for suspensions of glass particles in air, are described and discussed. The size of particles given by the technique agrees with that given by optical microscopy and Malvern diffractometry. The V.I.D.E. technique is shown to be very suitable to investigate dense media whose optical thickness is up to nine and for which other techniques fail.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.19880050201
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 119
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analysis of the Inorganic Constituents of Particles on a Particle-by-Particle Basis using a Computerized SEM-EDS System (1988)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Particle and Particle Systems Characterization 5 (1988), S. 77-84 
    Details
    ISSN: 0934-0866
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: This paper is based on the development of the Moza-Austin technique for characterizing thousands of coal particles by approximate analysis of the major inorganic constituents Ca, Al, Si, K, Na, Fe and S in each particle. The technique has sufficient sensitivity to work on small volumes, is fast enough to handle large number of particles within a reasonable period of time, and consists of scanning electron microscopy combined with energy dispersive x-ray spectrometry (SEM-EDS). A computerized SEM-EDS system that allows the automated analysis of hundreds of particles per hour is described. The analysis is based on the location and tracing of exposed areas of particles embedded in a polished specimen, the selection of sampling points on the traced sections, the collection of an x-ray spectrum from each sampled point for a defined period of time, and the processing of the x-ray intensity to calculate point composition using ZAF corrections. Procedures for correcting for dead time, spectrum background, x-ray detector efficiency and spectrum overlap are described. Problems and future work are discussed.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.19880050205
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 120
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Announcements (1988)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Particle and Particle Systems Characterization 5 (1988), S. 100-102 
    Details
    ISSN: 0934-0866
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.19880050209
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 121
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Optimal Filtering Applied to the Inversion of the Laplace TransformPresented at the International Symposium on Optical Particle Sizing: Theory and Practice, Rouen (France), 12-15 May 1987. (1988)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Particle and Particle Systems Characterization 5 (1988), S. 109-115 
    Details
    ISSN: 0934-0866
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Inversion of the Laplace transform, used in the laser scattering measurement of colloidal particle size distributions, presents severe numerical difficulties. In the presence of noise the variance of the inversion integral is infinite, indicating maximum uncertainty in the inversion. This paper applies the method of minimum variance, or “optimal”, filtering to the eigenfunction spectrum of the Laplace transform, giving an inversion which has finite variance.Spectral decomposition using the eigenfunctions of the Laplace transform gives a representation of the noise and desired signals analogous to the Fourier spectrum used in linear system theory. It is possible to obtain a filtered estimate of the unknown linewidth distribution. The requirement that the variance of this filtered estimate is minimum leads to a Wiener-Hopf integral equation defining the optimal filter.The results of this paper provide a basis of comparison of all methods of inversion of the Laplace transform, including the extensive literature of colloidal particle sizing by laser scattering or photon correlation.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.19880050302
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 122
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Determination of the Adhesivity on Acrylics of Fresh Coal Fly Ash Particles (1988)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Particle and Particle Systems Characterization 5 (1988), S. 130-138 
    Details
    ISSN: 0934-0866
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The adhesivity of fresh coal fly ashes from two Australian power stations on Dralon-T monofilaments has been experimentally analysed. It was found that one of the dusts was more adhesive to the fiber and its particles were also more strongly electrostatically charged. These obervations explain the reported large differences in the pressure loss across the fabric filters at the two stations. By precharging the particles, the technique can also be utilized in determining the adhesivity of fly ashes which carry relatively small natural electrostatic charging.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.19880050305
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 123
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Phase-Doppler-Anemometry and the Log-Hyperbolic Distribution applied to Liquid Sprays (1988)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Particle and Particle Systems Characterization 5 (1988), S. 153-164 
    Details
    ISSN: 0934-0866
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The paper provides a description of the local drop-size distributions in a liquid spray issuing from a 60° oil-burner nozzle obtained experimentally using a phase-doppler anemometer. The details of the optical system and the signal processing electronics of the phase-Doppler anemometer are included.Details have also been given concerning the use of the log-hyperbolic distribution and in particular of a procedure for determining the four defining parameters from a given experimental distribution, in this case that of drop size. Analytical formulae to compute moments of the distribution and the mean diameters are also given.All size distributions are shown to be well described by the log-hyperbolic distribution involving four parameters. The variation of these parameters along the axis of the jet clearly reveals a developing region of the spray followed by a fully developed state, for which physical reasons are given. The parameters can also be used to predict the local drop-size distribution at any intermediate location on the spray axis.
    Additional Material: 14 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.19880050401
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 124
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Regeneration of Form by Fourier Technique and its Application in Powder Characterization (1988)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Particle and Particle Systems Characterization 5 (1988), S. 179-185 
    Details
    ISSN: 0934-0866
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Conventional shape parameters have serious limitations because of their inability to capture finer surface morphology as well as to regenerate the particle form. This problem has been successfully circumvented by applying Fourier analysis technique to the projected image of the particle profile to obtain Fourier coefficients which have been shown to be size inveriant and insensitive to starting point for digitization. Synthesis technique to regenerate the particle profile from Fourier coefficients has revealed that gradual addition of higher order harmonics brings the regenerated form very close to its original counterpart. The regeneration of the form of particles of different shapes as well as application of few strategy to harmonic amplitudes have amply demonstrated the capability of the technique as a potential tool for characterization of powders.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.19880050405
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 125
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Computation of the Frequency Distributions of Distances Between Particles Randomly Dispersed in a Fluid Flow (1989)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Particle and Particle Systems Characterization 6 (1989), S. 13-16 
    Details
    ISSN: 0934-0866
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Pulse holography can be used as a method for the experimental investigation of transport processes that occur in flows of dispersed phases. Since a complete evaluation of a hologram involves the measurement and recording of the position of every individual particle, it delivers all the information about the spatial distribution of particles at the instant of exposure.An exact knowledge of the spatial distribution of the dispersed phase is particularly important for those chemical engineering processes which require the spatial distribution of particles to be as homogeneous as possible. Maximum homogeneity is achieved when the particles are distributed purely randomly. For this case, the distributions of distances between neighbouring particles are calculated. They represent a standard which can be adopted as the basis for the assessment of real particle distributions, such as exist momentarily in flows of dispersed phases and are determined by the evaluation of pulse holograms.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.19890060102
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 126
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Announcements (1989)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Particle and Particle Systems Characterization 6 (1989), S. 48-50 
    Details
    ISSN: 0934-0866
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.19890060107
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 127
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Measurement of Particle Rotational Velocity Using a Laser AnemometerPresented at the 4th International Symposium on Applications of Laser Anemometry to Fluid Mechanics, Lisbon (Portugal), July 11-14, 1988. (1989)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Particle and Particle Systems Characterization 6 (1989), S. 59-63 
    Details
    ISSN: 0934-0866
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: An electrodynamic balance and a frequency shifted Laser Doppler Anemometer (LDA) were used to obtain rotational velocity data from nonspherical particles undergoing pure rotation. A charged oil shale particle (150μm × 150 μm × 60 to 80 μm thick) was suspended in an electric field and rotated at a constant velocity by subjecting it to a vertical air jet. The measuring volume of the LDA was located on the particle, and Doppler bursts were observed from both stationary and rotating particles. This observation suggests that micron-sized surface irregularities can act as individual scattering sources for LDA measurements. Signal analysis was performed with a counter type processor and a PDP-11 computer. The particle motion was recorded on video tapes from which the true rotational velocity and maximum radius of rotation were obtained. Within the experimental uncertainties, the maximum rotation-induced surface velocity measured with the LDA agreed well with that obtained from video tapes.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.19890060109
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 128
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Announcements (1989)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Particle and Particle Systems Characterization 6 (1989), S. 89-91 
    Details
    ISSN: 0934-0866
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.19890060115
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 129
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Size Characterization of Liquid-Borne Particles by light scattering counters (1989)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Particle and Particle Systems Characterization 6 (1989), S. 93-99 
    Details
    ISSN: 0934-0866
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The sizing accuracy of a commercially available laser optical liquid-borne particle counter is investigated. A calibration study, using aqueous suspensions of non-absorbing, monodisperse, spherical polymer particles, and a study using suspensions of non-spherical polydisperse, alumina particles are conducted. The experimental results from the spherical polymer study show an excellent agreement with the theoretical Mie light scattering calculations. The accuracy of the spherical polymer sizing is shown to be within 20% of the actual size. The alumina particle readings are compared to the readings of four different particle sizing instruments and to scanning electron microscope pictures. Although quantitative comparisons are difficult to make between the instruments, the results show a good agreement for the batch of particles with a narrower size distribution.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.19890060117
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 130
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A Light Scattering Instrument to Discriminate and Size Fibres Part 1: A theoretical description using the RGD approximation (1989)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Particle and Particle Systems Characterization 6 (1989), S. 110-118 
    Details
    ISSN: 0934-0866
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: As part of the development of a light scattering instrument to detect fibres, scattered light from finite cylinders which are exposed to light at arbitrary orientation is studied using the Rayleigh - Gans - Debye approximation. Form anisotropy, which is crucial to the performance of the instrument, is allowed for by using the Shifrin modification in which the elemental volumes are considered to be prolate spheroids. For long cylinders this is compared with van de Hulst's model in which the rigorous theory for an infinite cylinder is modified by Fraunhofer diffraction on the length. For very short cylinders comparison is made with the Mie theory for spheres.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.19890060119
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 131
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Single Particle Light Scattering Size Analysis: Quantification and elimination of the effect of particle shape and structure (1989)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Particle and Particle Systems Characterization 6 (1989), S. 100-109 
    Details
    ISSN: 0934-0866
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: When measuring scattered light from single particles (as realized in various methods of scattered light-particle size counting analysis) nonspherical particles and particles with inner structure produce different signal heights (scattered light intensities) when differently oriented in the measuring volume. To study the influence of the particle shape and structure, the representative spectrum of all signal heights reflecting all of the possible orientations of the particle in the measuring volume was recorded from individual particles of a definite material in each case. Additionally from every particle an equivalent diameter was determined.The measurements lead to a very precise calibration curve and to a transformation matrix, that describes the influence of shape and structure on scattered light-counting analyses in case of the specific material. It is then possible to simulate measurements to determine the loss in resolution caused by the influence of shape and structure and to eliminate this effect from conventional scattered light analyses.The paper presents the concept together with results of simulation and elimination calculations for the material limestone and quartz. The corrected size distributions are compared with results by other methods. On the basis of this comparison it is discussed how successful the method is to recover a higher resolution.
    Additional Material: 14 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.19890060118
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 132
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Characterization of Water-Droplet Aerosols by polytec optical particle analysersPresented at the 4th European Symposium Particle Characterization, Nürnberg, 19-21. April 1989. (1989)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Particle and Particle Systems Characterization 6 (1989), S. 119-123 
    Details
    ISSN: 0934-0866
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A single-stage impactor has been used to calibrate a Polytec HC-15/1 optical aerosol analyser so that this instrument can be used to study water droplets from approximately 1 to 20 μm aerodynamic diameter. The resulting calibration data were in good agreement with calculations based on Mie light scattering theory, and gave a conversion factor of 2.0 ± 0.2 between polystyrene latex microspheres and water droplets of the same aerodynamic diameter.Monodisperse water droplets were sampled by a Polytec HC-70/2 analyser, calibrated using the conversion factor of 2.0. The measured count median diameter agreed closely with that predicted from the well-defined operating conditions of the vibrating orifice aerosol generator. Size measurements of a polydisperse water-droplet spray were also undertaken with both a Malvern laser diffractometer and a Polytec HC-15 analyser; good agreement was achieved between the two techniques.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.19890060120
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 133
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Announcements (1989)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Particle and Particle Systems Characterization 6 (1989), S. 133-133 
    Details
    ISSN: 0934-0866
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.19890060123
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 134
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Fundamentals of Particle Size Analysis by Means of Ultrasonic Spectrometry (1989)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Particle and Particle Systems Characterization 6 (1989), S. 135-143 
    Details
    ISSN: 0934-0866
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The interaction of suspended particles with ultrasonic waves can lead to changes in the sonic velocity and also to extinction of the waves. An evaluation of the frequency dependence of ultrasonic extinction offers the most appropriate means of determining the concentration and size distribution of particles suspended in a fluid. With an experimental apparatus covering the frequency range from 1.7 to 81 MHz, particles ranging from about 20 to 1000 μm in diameter can be analysed. The measurements can be conducted with particle concentrations as high as 10% by volume.
    Additional Material: 13 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.19890060124
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 135
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Lower Detection Limit of an Optical Particle Counter in the measurement of particle size distributionsPresented at the 4th European Symposium Particle Characterization, Nürnberg, 19.-21. April 1989. (1989)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Particle and Particle Systems Characterization 6 (1989), S. 124-128 
    Details
    ISSN: 0934-0866
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: An Optical Particle Counter with optically defined measuring volume was investigated with regard to an application in the range of fine particles (f.i. water droplets less then 1.5 μm in diameter). Because of a problematic detection behaviour in the examined size range caused by the analogue signal processor, it was necessary to explore signals generated by the measurement system. In view of the results obtained an alternative signal evaluation method was developed on basis of a digital system. The high flexibility of software systems in signal processing rendered possible on the one hand a clear definition of the lower detection limit of the instrument. On the other hand it was possible to lower the detection limit and herewith the size of particles to be resolved. A practical application for the new evaluation technique is given by the measurement of fractional efficiency curves of technical separators and classifiers, which clearly shows the advantages of the system presented. Most recent investigations are concerned with the maximum number concentration detectable with the Optical Particle Counter, which could be increased up to five times.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.19890060121
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 136
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A Light Scattering Instrument to Discriminate and Size Fibres. Part II: Experimental system (1989)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Particle and Particle Systems Characterization 6 (1989), S. 144-150 
    Details
    ISSN: 0934-0866
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A Light scattering technique is described which can discriminate, size and count airborne fibres down to 1.6 μm diameter. The results are compared with Mie theory for spheres and two models for finite cylinders based on the Rayleigh-Gans-Debye approximation and rigorous infinite cylinder theory modified by Fraunhofer diffraction on the length.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.19890060125
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 137
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Use of Particle Image Velocimetry to Study Roping in Pneumatic ConveyancePresented at the 4th European Symposium Particle Characterization, Nürnberg 19.-21 April 1989. (1989)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Particle and Particle Systems Characterization 6 (1989), S. 129-132 
    Details
    ISSN: 0934-0866
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) is a new technique which provides an instantaneous velocity profile of a flow field. A PIV system at Edinburgh University has been adapted to study the phenomenon of roping in a pneumatic particle conveyance rig. The principle features of this PIV system are as follows. Double images of the particles transported by the fluid are recorded on photographic film using a conventional camera. The displacement of the particle pairs, which determines the velocity at a particular point, is determined to an automatic analysis system. PIV is proving to be a powerful method in the investigation of roping. A rope is a high density ribbon of particles which is created when a uniform air-coal flow segregates at a pipe bend into two regimes: one has a low coal to air ratio whereas the second regime, termed the rope, has a high coal to air ratio. This particular problem is connected with the pulverised fuel (pf) pipes of coal-fired electricity generating stations. The flow, as seen on Figure 1, is reproduced in a 26 mm scale model encompassing the main aerodynamic features of pf pipes. The rope forms in the vertical to horizontal 90° bend, falls from the top to the bottom of the horizontal pipe and creats a deposit.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.19890060122
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 138
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparative Study of some Probability Distributions Applied to Liquid Sprays (1989)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Particle and Particle Systems Characterization 6 (1989), S. 151-162 
    Details
    ISSN: 0934-0866
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A comparative study of a few probability distributions generally used in describing various spray properties based on droplet size and velocity is described. Four different size distributions and three different coupled distributions, representing jointly size and velocity, are considered. A comparison of the results calculated for eight sets of data, taken from three different sources for the size distribution, and one data set for the joint size and velocity distribution, shows that the log-hyperbolic function presents the best choice among both one- and two-dimensional distributions.Considerations on one- and two-dimensional probability distributions are followed by a description of the conservation laws and their use in the prediction of the loss of momentum and energy of doplets. Finally, a proposal is made for how the sprays should be studied experimentally and analysed theoretically in order to obtain the maximum possible information. A few suggestions are then provided for further research in this direction.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.19890060126
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 139
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Determination of Effective Surface Area for the Chemical Reaction of Fine Particulate Materials (1989)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Particle and Particle Systems Characterization 6 (1989), S. 163-167 
    Details
    ISSN: 0934-0866
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A concept of effective surface area was defined as a geometrical controlling factor for a chemical reaction involving powdery materials. It is not uniquely determined for the specific material but depends on the sort of chemical reaction as well as the state of agglomeration. Case studies were given for dissolution or decomposition reaction for MgO, Mg(OH)2 and Pb(CO)3 with and without preliminary mechanical activation and granulation. The effective surface area for dissolution is mostly the external surface of the agglomerates, although the internal surface plays a role to some extent, depending on the compactness of the agglomerates.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.19890060127
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 140
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fractal Mathematics Applied to Flow in Porous Systems (1989)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Particle and Particle Systems Characterization 6 (1989), S. 168-175 
    Details
    ISSN: 0934-0866
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The Leitz TAS-Plus image analysis system was programmed to automatically measure both the ‘shape’ fractal and ‘fragmentation’ fractal for various types of fine particle filter cakes. The automated nature of the analysis facilitated the collection of statistically significant volumes of ‘fractal’ data. This data was then revised, where possible, to conventional theories of flow behavior. Several new insights evolved from the study as explained in the following analysis.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.19890060128
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 141
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Properties of SpraysPaper prepared for presentation at the International Conference on Mechanics of Two-Phase Flows, Taipei, Taiwan, June 12-15, 1989. (1989)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Particle and Particle Systems Characterization 6 (1989), S. 176-186 
    Details
    ISSN: 0934-0866
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The spray properties of most practical importance, namely mean drop size, drop size distribution, radial and circumferential liquid distribution, cone angle and penetration, are discussed in the context of plain orifice, pressure-swirl, plain-jet airblast and prefilming airblast atomization. Equations are presented for estimating mean drop size and spray cone angle in terms of the relevant liquid properties, gas properties, atomizer dimensions, and atomizer operating conditions. The relative merits of these equations are discussed and compared. Some aspects of atomization in need of further research are indicated.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.19890060129
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 142
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Announcements (1989)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Particle and Particle Systems Characterization 6 (1989), S. 187-188 
    Details
    ISSN: 0934-0866
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.19890060130
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 143
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Linearity and Response of Focussed AperturesPresented at the 4th European Symposium Particle Characterization, PARTEC, Nürnberg (FRG), 19-21 April 1989. (1990)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Particle and Particle Systems Characterization 7 (1990), S. 1-5 
    Details
    ISSN: 0934-0866
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Practical experience of particle size analysers using the Coulter principle shows that for measurements made over a range of 2% to 60% of the aperture diameter, the aperture responds linearly to particle volume at least for spheres. In this paper it is shown that the response of a focussed aperture is not significantly different from an unfocussed aperture. It is also shown that a simple linear equation of response successfully applied to a COULTER COUNTER® model ZM in a previous paper, can be used to predict the calibration constant of a new wide range instrument, the COULTER® MULTISIZER.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.19900070101
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 144
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Particle Sizing by Photon Correlation Spectroscopy. Part III: Mono and bimodal distributions and data analysis (1992)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Particle and Particle Systems Characterization 9 (1992), S. 125-137 
    Details
    ISSN: 0934-0866
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The possibilities and limitations of photon correlation spectroscopy (PCS) as a practical tool for particle sizing are reviewed. In this part the most frequently used methods of data analysis are briefly surveyed. The practical performances for the determination of particle size distributions were evaluated by a comparative study with different kinds of users (industrial and academic research groups and manufacturers). The PCS results were also compared with electron microscopy (EM) and static light scattering (SLS) results. Thereby it was confirmed that the amount of reliable information that can be obtained by PCS about particle size distributions with measuring times of the order of minutes is limited by the ill-conditioning of the data inversion procedure, among other factors. Nevertheless, the information obtained from the PCS measurements agrees essentially with the EM and SLS results.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.19920090117
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 145
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Localized Approximation of Generalized Lorenz-Mie Theory: Faster algorithm for computations of beam shape coefficients, gnm (1992)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Particle and Particle Systems Characterization 9 (1992), S. 144-150 
    Details
    ISSN: 0934-0866
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Beam shape coefficients, gnm, are at the core of the generalized Lorenz-Mie theory describing the scattering of a shaped beam by spheres. A decrease in computation times is essential for systematic applications of the theory. This paper introduces a new formulation to compute beam shape coefficients, gnm, in the framework of the localized approximation and discusses symmetry relations between the coefficients. The new formulation permits computation times to be decreased by one to two orders of magnitude.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.19920090119
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 146
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Announcements (1992)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Particle and Particle Systems Characterization 9 (1992), S. 154-155 
    Details
    ISSN: 0934-0866
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.19920090121
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 147
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characteristics of Particle Sizes produced by suspension polymerization of styrene (1992)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Particle and Particle Systems Characterization 9 (1992), S. 151-153 
    Details
    ISSN: 0934-0866
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Experiments on the suspension polymerization of styrene were conducted at various stabilizer concentrations, dispersed phase hold-up fractions, impeller types and impeller speeds. The experimental final particle size distributions obtained were almost always described by the upper limit number distribution. Plots of the maximum diameter, amax, and the mean diameters, a21 and a10, vs. the Sauter mean diameter, a32, gave straight lines with slopes of 1.24, 0.99 and 0.97, respectively.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.19920090120
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 148
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Effect of Suspension Medium Refractive index on the particle size analysis of quartz by laser diffraction (1992)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Particle and Particle Systems Characterization 9 (1992), S. 171-175 
    Details
    ISSN: 0934-0866
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The size distributions of four samples of quartz dust, suspended in liquids of different refractive index (RI), were determined using a Malvern 2600 laser particle sizing instrument. As the relative RI, between particle and suspension media, approached unity the instrument over-estimated the mean particle size for the three finest quartz samples. An under-estimated mean particle size was recorded for the largest quartz sample indicating the complex nature of light scattering by small particles under conditions of low relative RI.A regime of relative refractive index is determined within which particle size analysis using laser diffraction, invoking anomalous diffraction theory, becomes prone to large errors and this range is compared with the van de Hulst criterion.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.19920090123
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 149
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Phase-Doppler Sizing of Optically Absorbing Liquid Droplets: Comparison between mie theory and experiment (1992)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Particle and Particle Systems Characterization 9 (1992), S. 176-185 
    Details
    ISSN: 0934-0866
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Phase-Doppler experiments applied to optically absorbent (homogeneous and inhomogeneous) liquids are described. Simultaneous size and velocity measurements of single droplets were executed at three off-axis angles ψ. These angles were found to be suitable for the evaluation of the phase-Doppler technique by Mie theory. Both the sizes of the monodisperse droplets and their absorption properties were varied. At least with respect to homogeneous liquids, comparison of the droplet diameters obtained by phase-Doppler measurement and by photography (reference technique) showed good agreement. Concerning the optical properties of inhomogeneous liquids, additional phase-Doppler measurements were carried out using an alternative device based on a laser diode and photodiodes. The longer wavelength λ (830 nm instead of 488 nm) reduced the influence of the inhomogeneities on the droplets' scattering behaviour and thereby improved significantly the phase-Doppler results. It is concluded that phase-Doppler anemometry is suitable for the sizing of optically absorbent droplets of real process fluids. Such droplets result from atomization processes often used in various branches, such as the chemical, pharmaceutical and food industries (production of powders and granules, "spray drying"), automotive engineering (dispersing fuels for combustion) and agriculture (crop spraying). Mie scattering theory is a powerful aid for describing the scattering behaviour of dispersed droplets of real process fluids with more complicated optical properties compared with water, i.e. the behaviour of optically absorbent homogeneous liquids, and for determining the necessary parameters of the optical set-up.
    Additional Material: 16 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.19920090124
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 150
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Announcement (1992)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Particle and Particle Systems Characterization 9 (1992), S. 207-207 
    Details
    ISSN: 0934-0866
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.19920090128
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 151
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Information Potential of the Method of pulsed recording of light-scattering particles (1992)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Particle and Particle Systems Characterization 9 (1992), S. 231-236 
    Details
    ISSN: 0934-0866
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The topical problem of pulsed recording of light-scattering particles in a flux has been studied. Along with the determination of the sizes of particles, this problem involves the simultaneous evaluation of their material composition. Such a task arises in analysing multi-component disperse systems. It is shown that it can easily be realized if the particle materials differ appreciably in absorption coefficients and closeness of their refractive indices to that of the dispersion medium. This is connected with the significant difference of the spatial distribution of the scattered light. A simple method for solving such a problem has been designed with regard to the peculiarities of recording weak light fluxes and the necessity for real-time optical measurement processing.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.19920090132
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 152
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sizing Particles by Optical Microscopy through criteria developed by the analysis of image profiles (1992)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Particle and Particle Systems Characterization 9 (1992), S. 213-222 
    Details
    ISSN: 0934-0866
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Modern image analysis equipment has now made it possible to obtain detailed intensity profile information about objects imaged under the optical microscope. If the object contrast is generated by light absorption alone then the image profile of the object is a square wave and the size information is contained in the fundamental frequency of the Fourier components of that square wave. The period of the fundamental frequency lies very close to the intensity midpoint of the image profile. As long as the microscope objective numerical aperture (NA) is high enough to pass this fundamental the object can be sized to an accuracy which is chiefly dependent upon the signal to noise ratio of the system and independent of classical notions of microscope resolution.Thus for latex particle metal replicas it was possible to determine the diameter to a precision which was typically on the order of 13% of the classical Sparrow limit of resolution for the objective employed.By sizing the same particle replica with objectives of different NA it was demonstrated that the size obtained was independent of the objective NA used as long as the replica diameter was above the Sparrow limit. This is in accordance with optical theory.About mid-summer the Goldstein "Zernike" program became available to us through the kindness of Dr. Goldstein. With this program it was possible to model the effect of optical path difference. Unlike particle replicas, most real objects generate object profiles that are a function of refractive index difference and thickness or path difference in addition to object size and transmittance. Although the "Zernike" program can accommodate path differences, it assumes that the object has negligible thickness-an assumption not merited by most real microscopic objects.Although exact quantitative agreement could not always be obtained with reasonable assumptions, the predictions of the "Zernike" program nevertheless could help to define sample preparation conditions which enabled high accuracy sizing to be performed.This work thus demonstrates that an extremely high degree of accuracy and precision in particle sizing is available from the optical microscope which is independent of classical notions of microscope "resolution". The major requirements are that the objective NA be sufficiently high enough to pass the Fourier components which contain the size information and that features in the image can be identified which contain the size information.
    Additional Material: 15 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.19920090130
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 153
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Data Analysis of Multi-Angle Photon Correlation measurements without and with prior knowledge (1992)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Particle and Particle Systems Characterization 9 (1992), S. 237-251 
    Details
    ISSN: 0934-0866
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The application of the singular value analysis and reconstruction method (SVR) and of the Contin method for the collective analysis of multi-angle noisy photon correlation data sets was investigated. Provided the data are sampled equidistant in time and by proper tuning of the sampling time to the scattering angle, a collective multi-angle SVR analysis is feasible. For homogeneous spherical particles such an analysis does not require any prior knowledge of the angular dependence of particle scattering power (e.g. Mie scattering). SVR allows the information content to be separated from noisy intensity autocorrelation data. It is illustrated that the multi-angle SVR analysis enhances the recovery of the information content. Moreover, SVR can be used as a fast and accurate preprocessor for extracting the field autocorrelation function for a subsequent Contin analysis whereby prior knowledge of particle scattering power as a function of scattering angle is used as a constraint. Compared with the data analysis of multi-angle time-averaged scattered intensity measurements, the information that can be extracted from multi-angle PCS data in comparable accumulation times is poorer.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.19920090133
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 154
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Outlaw locked particles - 3rd order locking criteria (1992)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Particle and Particle Systems Characterization 9 (1992), S. 259-263 
    Details
    ISSN: 0934-0866
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: An unexpectedly large additional three phase locking region, the outlaw area has been found where three phase, locked particle may be formed. This implies that in some ores, the number of three phase locked particles may be an order of magnitude larger than expected. The size of this outlaw region is sensitive to the angle at which the three phases meet. Since these higher order locked particles behave differently in separation circuits, it is proposed that in characterizing a solid or ore rock, these angles between the interfacial planes be both measured and included in a Textural Transform.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.19920090135
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 155
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On-Line Characterization of the Shape and Size of Particles (1993)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Particle and Particle Systems Characterization 10 (1993), S. 7-10 
    Details
    ISSN: 0934-0866
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: An image analysis system for extracting on-line quantitative geometric and densitometric information from images of ore samples is described. The apparatus employs a pulsed semiconductor laser as the light source for illuminating of a flowing stream of particles and a non-interlaced solid-state TV camera as size measurement device in a shadowgraph imaging system. The problem of the sampling volume is discussed and several size distributions of solid particulates are presented. The particle size measurement range is 2-400 μm.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.19930100103
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 156
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fly Ash Size Distributions: Use of coulter multisizer and fitting to truncated lognormal distributions (1993)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Particle and Particle Systems Characterization 10 (1993), S. 11-18 
    Details
    ISSN: 0934-0866
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Accurate information on the size distribution of fly ash is needed to determine its role in the radiation transfer process in pulverized coal combustors. The Coulter Multisizer was used to determine the size distribution in the particle diameter range 1-200 μm. To size over such large diameter ranges, data must be obtained using several orifices, and then combined. In order to use the smaller orifices, the larger particles have to be removed from the sample. A wet-sieving apparatus, designed for accurate separation of the particles by size, is described. A scheme for combining data obtained using orifices of different diameters is presented. It appears from this study that the lower limit of size measurement using an orifice is set by sensitivity, rather than by signal/noise. A lognormal distribution function, truncated outside the measurement limits, fits the size distribution data well. This function allows detailed size information to be stored compactly using four parameters. Size parameters for six fly ashes representative of U. S. coals are presented.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.19930100104
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 157
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Announcements (1993)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Particle and Particle Systems Characterization 10 (1993), S. 38-38 
    Details
    ISSN: 0934-0866
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.19930100108
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 158
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Error Estimates in the Sampling From Particle Size Distributions (1993)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Particle and Particle Systems Characterization 10 (1993), S. 26-32 
    Details
    ISSN: 0934-0866
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: It is often necessary to estimate the properties of particle size distributions from limited samples taken from large populations. When the distributions are broad, and higher order moments required, as in the case of volume based particle size distributions, the inferred parameters d3,50 (volume median diameter) and GSD (geometric standard deviation) can have high intrinsic errors not immediately obvious to the measuring scientist. We show that there is a critical number of particles, Ncrit, which must be counted or else the error may blow up catastrophically. Ncrit is very sensitive to the width of the distribution, and is approximately proportional to GSD11 We develop formulae to estimate the random sampling error inherent in measured values of the d3,50 and GSD for the log-normal distribution; compare the predictions to a typical experimental particle size measurement; and then generalize to the median of any arbitrary moment, dr, 50.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.19930100106
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 159
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Masthead (1993)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Particle and Particle Systems Characterization 10 (1993) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0934-0866
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.19930100101
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 160
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Estimation of the Effective Measuring Volume of Single-Fibre Reflection Probes for solid volume concentration measurements (1993)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Particle and Particle Systems Characterization 10 (1993), S. 48-55 
    Details
    ISSN: 0934-0866
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The working principle of the single-fibre reflection (SFR) probe is that light emitted by a laser diode is guided into the measuring volume by the same fibre which receives the proportion of light reflected by the particles in the vicinity of the probe tip and transmits it back to a photosensitive element. In contrast to other configurations of fibre optical probes, the SFR probe is characterized by an unambiguous calibration graph over the entire range of solid volume concentration values. SFR probes have been successfully applied to different kinds of multiphase flow systems, e.g. fluidized beds, pneumatic conveying lines, elutriators and thickeners.A particular question for the interpretation of measurements has always been the effective size of the measuring volume, which is mainly determined by the solid volume concentration. In this paper a simplified mathematical model of the signal generation by backscattering of the emitted light at the particle surfaces is given. The theory takes into account the average optical properties of the solids and their particle size distributions.The particle properties are determined on the basis of this model, which finally delivers the shape, size and depth of the effective measuring volume. For particle sizes between 30 and 120 μm the depth of the measuring volume of a 600-μm fibre probe is between 0.2 mm for solid concentrations near the fixed-bed state and approximately 4 mm for solid volume concentrations as low as 0.1 vol.-%.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.19930100204
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 161
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On-line Determination of Particle Size Distribution during the manufacture of compound feed (1996)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Particle and Particle Systems Characterization 13 (1996), S. 309-312 
    Details
    ISSN: 0934-0866
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Experimental investigations were carried out with mainly a Mogensen-Sizer, compared with test screening and additionally laser diffraction and light extinction, in order to check the qualification for on-line determination of particle size distribution under the specific conditions of feed milling. The different components of compound feed, the degree of milling, the difference in measured particle characteristics and the possibility of sample dispersion affect the comparability of the results. The results show that laser diffraction is a manysided method with accurate recording of the distribution. The modified Mogensen-Sizer can be a robust low-price alternative if the control of selected distribution parameters is sufficient.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.19960130510
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 162
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    In-line Particle Size Analysis in the fines outlet of an air classifier (1996)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Particle and Particle Systems Characterization 13 (1996), S. 301-308 
    Details
    ISSN: 0934-0866
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Laser diffraction (LD), with reference to the analysis time, is highly advantageous for the automation of particle size analysis. The high measuring frequencies alloy quasi-continous measuring operation. The fineness values obtained form the particle size distribution (PSD) can be transformed into electrical signals for automatic process control.For industrial purposes, an encapsulated measuring cell was developed where the laser beam penetrates the dispersed fines stream via two optical windows. Thus, hazardous materials can also be measured, specifically pharmaceutical or chemical products, or applications requiring explosion-proof plant design are possible. Great efforts had to be made to keep the inner side of the windows clean form product dust. Ultimately, batches running for more than 8 h could be analysed continuously without any contamination of the windows. For the PSD measurements, a standard LD instrument was used with a measuring range of 0.5/0.9-175 μm.As product fineness is monitored continuously in-stream, and virtually without delay, any changes in the fineness during classifier operation can be detected immediately. On the one hand, this opens up a new field for studies of classifier performance. On the other, immediate quality control of even very small batches is possible during the micronization process. The results demonstrate very clearly, for example, the importance of controlling the feed rate to the classifier. Therefore, fineness control by means of this in-line technique gives superior advantages for direct adjustment of the classifier speed.
    Additional Material: 15 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.19960130509
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 163
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Barium Sulfate Precipitation: Crystallization kinetics and the role of the additive PMA-PVS (1996)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Particle and Particle Systems Characterization 13 (1996), S. 313-321 
    Details
    ISSN: 0934-0866
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The precipitation of barium sulfate was investigated by photon correlation spectroscopic (PCS) measurements of the growing crystals combined with electrical conductivity measurements of the mother solution. Small silica seeds (36nm) were added to the solution. Therefore, heterogeneous nucleation did not take place on the walls and on the stirrer, which is usually the case, but on the seeds. Hence the growth of the crystals which had nucleated on the seeds could be studied by PCS. In order to avoid the ill-conditioned inversion of the measured raw data, the autocorrelation functions, a population balance model was used to calculate these functions with the help of a kinetic model taken from the literature. The measured an the calculated autocorrelation functions could coincide and adjustable parameters were found from a least-squares fit. The measurements revealed that nucleation is strongly enhanced by PMA-PVS (polymaleic acid-polyvinylsulfonic acid). However, a simple model which assumes langmuir adsorption of PMA-PVS on the crystal surface did not describe the kinetics very well. The nucleation rate in the absence of the additive was found to be J=1.3·1010 exp(-27/In2S) [m-3s-1], while the growth rate was G=2.6·10-8(S-1)2/3 S1/3 exp(-29/3 In S) [ms-1]. These results match results taken from the literature fairly well.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.19960130511
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 164
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Development of Agglomerate Size and Structure during spherical agglomeration in suspension (1996)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Particle and Particle Systems Characterization 13 (1996), S. 322-326 
    Details
    ISSN: 0934-0866
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: During the spherical agglomeration process, a suspended solid is agglomerated by adding a binding liquid. First, mircoagglomerates or flocs are produced, which are compacted in the course of the process. Agglomerate size was evaluated by laser diffraction spectrometry, image analysis was used to determine the size and some adequately defined shape parameters calculated by Fourier analysis of the particle contour.The shape analysis confirms the visual observations; the compaction of the flocs is expressed by the corresponding change of the shape parameters. The influence of several process parameters on changes in agglomerate shape can be described quantitatively and help to gain an insight into agglomeration mechanisms. The particle size distributions determined by image analysis and laser diffraction spectrometry hardly differ for fairly spherical flocs or agglomerates. Concerning the size distribution of the irregular flocs, laser diffraction spectrometry measures larger particles than image analysis.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.19960130512
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 165
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Masthead (1996)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Particle and Particle Systems Characterization 13 (1996) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0934-0866
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.19960130601
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 166
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Relevance of Particle Measurement Technology to Process Engineering (1993)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Particle and Particle Systems Characterization 10 (1993), S. 86-91 
    Details
    ISSN: 0934-0866
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: To produce disperse products, the characterization of the disperse state and a knowledge of the property function are essential. Property functions are applied not only to characterize the quality of an end product, but also to determine the influence of different processing steps on its state. Hence it is necessary to know the property and process functions for quality assurance of the products and for safety of the processes.Good laboratory particle measuring technologies are available for investigating property and process functions. On the basis of these functions, process control takes place. On-line or, better, in-line measuring techniques are necessary to enable the accompanying process information to be obtained.
    Additional Material: 18 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.19930100210
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 167
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Flow Characteristics of Granular Bulk Materials (1993)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Particle and Particle Systems Characterization 10 (1993), S. 79-85 
    Details
    ISSN: 0934-0866
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The paper discusses the interest in conventional triaxial tests widely used in soil mechanics for a better understanding of both the mechanical behaviour and flow characteristics of granular bulk materials. It proposes a rheological characterization of granular foodstuffs on diverse types of stress path using a conventional triaxial cell. The characteristic state concept, defining the disaggregation threshold of the granular structure, is found to be suitable and even indispensible for examining the mechanical behaviour and the flowability of stored bulk materials. The experimental results readily suggest, as an indicator of the arching effect, a rheological index that characterizes the particle interlocking breakdown and hence the flowability of the stored materials. In addition, this study offers a realistic physical meaning for parameters in use in constitutive models (yield conditions and flow rules) when describing granular flow in various hopper geometries. The case of silos equipped with vibrating hoppers necessitates additionally the study of the rheological behaviour of materials under cyclic and vibratory loadings in order to analyse the processes of densification or disaggregation conditioning the flowability of the stored materials during emptying operations.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.19930100209
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 168
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Light Scattering by Anthophyllite-Crocidolite Asbestos Fibers. Part I: The domain of convergence of the EBCM theory (1993)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Particle and Particle Systems Characterization 10 (1993), S. 111-117 
    Details
    ISSN: 0934-0866
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The Extended Boundary Condition Method (EBCM), also known as the T-matrix method, is used to compute exactly the scattered intensities from homogeneous isotropic circular cylinders characterized by relative refractive index N, diameter D and length L. The domain of convergence of the method regarding the parameters N, D, L is established. The effect of the geometry of the fiber ends on the scattered intensities is considered. The incident field is assumed to be a linearly polarized plane harmonic wave.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.19930100303
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 169
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sizing of Irregular Particles Using a Phase Doppler System (1996)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Particle and Particle Systems Characterization 13 (1996), S. 343-349 
    Details
    ISSN: 0934-0866
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Response of a phase Doppler system to irregularly shaped particles is examined and shown to deviate qualitatively as well as quantitatively from the spherical particles. Nevertheless, the measured phase distributions based on an ensemble of particles exhibit a high degree of order and simplicity. The experimental data and the stochastic modeling of the process have shown that the phase Doppler technique can be used successfully for in-situ sizing and velocimetry of irregular particles. In the case of irregular crystalline particles, mean size and standard deviation can be deduced without requiring any assumptions regarding the functional form of the size distribution. As opposed to other optical techniques, phase Doppler can be used, in principle, near the backscattering location, so that a single optical window would be employed for transmission of laser light and collection of the scattered signals. Furthermore, size measurements can be velocity-resolved, i.e. a size distribution can be associated with each bin of the velocity histogram.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.19960130603
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 170
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A Single Expression of Common Particle Size Distribution (1990)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Particle and Particle Systems Characterization 7 (1990), S. 127-130 
    Details
    ISSN: 0934-0866
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A new particle size distribution function based on a simple model is presented. Data generated by the normal, log-normal and Rosin-Rammler distribution functions were fitted with this new distribution function and the fitted curves were, for all practical purposes, indistinguishable from all three distributions.The new distribution function can replace all the three functions and thus a means of presenting and comparing the different size distribution patterns in terms of a single mathematical expression is obtained. Additionally, the new distribution function provides the possibility of developing the discussion on the physical meaning of the particle size distribution.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.19900070124
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 171
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dispersion of Monosized Heavy Particles in Grid Turbulence Effects of Body Forces (1990)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Particle and Particle Systems Characterization 7 (1990), S. 136-143 
    Details
    ISSN: 0934-0866
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Dispersion of monosized drops downstream a point injection in a grid-generated turbulence is studied. Influence of extra bodyforces is also investigated by use of ferrofluid drops and magnetic field. Datas are obtained through LDV and given for fluid and particles mean and fluctuant velocities. Presence probability repartition for particles downstream the injection is obtained by LDV counting.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.19900070126
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 172
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization of Particle Swelling of Materials of Pharmaceutical InterestPresented in part at the 4th European Symposium on Particle Characterization, PARTEC Nürnberg (FRG) 19-21 April 1989 (1990)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Particle and Particle Systems Characterization 7 (1990), S. 131-135 
    Details
    ISSN: 0934-0866
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A method based on the employment of an electrical sensing zone instrument (Coulter Counter) has recently been proposed for the combined measurement of the increase in particle volume (particle swelling) and granulometric characterization of pharmaceutical tablet disintegrants. The performance of the method, as far as its applicability to limited swelling materials is concerned, has been assessed. Both inert materials (polystyrene latices) and limited swelling disintegrants (maize starch and crospovidone in different granulometric fractions) were examined for total particulate volume in aqueous media. The accuracy and repeatability of measurements of both total particulate volume and particle volume increase were defined. The results obtained indicate that the method may be adapted for measuring the increase in particle volume of so-called limited swelling disintegrants.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.19900070125
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 173
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Aerosol Generation from the Sanding, Cutting, and Breaking of Floor Tiles (1990)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Particle and Particle Systems Characterization 7 (1990), S. 121-126 
    Details
    ISSN: 0934-0866
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Various types of floor tile were tested in a controlled and isolated environment to determine quantitatively the wear rate and size characteristics of material generated from floor tile during operations of sanding, cutting, and breaking. Size characteristics were determined for the aerosolized fractions as well as the settled material worn from the tile surface. In addition to the vinyl composition tile, tests were also conducted with floor tile containing various amounts of glass fiber and sodium phosphate fibers. The tests were conducted in a specially designed glove box which allowed complete sampling and fractionization of the generated aerosol. Due to good measurement repeatability, aerosol generation differences from the various flooring types were determinable.A Frick-Taber accelerated wear machine was employed to establish comparative wear rates of the different flooring materials. Test results were repeatable and measured relative wear rates correlate well with published measurements. Results indicate that the presence of up to 13% glass fibers or phosphate fibers in the tile does not improve the tile's wear characteristics or significantly alter the size distribution of the generated material. Although asbestos-containing floor tile was not tested in this study, results from the simulant fiber tile tests may enable prediction of the behavior of vinyl-asbestos tile under the influence of similar wear mechanisms.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.19900070123
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 174
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Congratulations to Prof. Dr.- Ing. Dr.-Ing. E. h. Kurt Leschonski on the occasion of his 60th birthday on 17 december 1990 (1990)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Particle and Particle Systems Characterization 7 (1990), S. 169-169 
    Details
    ISSN: 0934-0866
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.19900070130
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 175
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Tomographic Techniques for Characterising Particulate Processes (1993)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Particle and Particle Systems Characterization 10 (1993), S. 252-261 
    Details
    ISSN: 0934-0866
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A review of existing and developing process tomographic instrumentation suitable for characterising dry and wet particulate systems is presented. Factors governing the selection of sensing techniques appropriate for static and dynamic imaging of a wide range of single and multiphase particulate processes are discussed. The paper presents a systematic comparison of different image reconstruction methods. Examples of existing, developing and proven applications are cited. Future needs and ways in which these needs can be met are suggested, including the use of multi-modality methods in which different types of sensing methods are embodied in a single tomographic instrument.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.19930100507
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 176
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ensemble and Single Particle Laser probe sizing results for gas atomized zinc powders (1993)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Particle and Particle Systems Characterization 10 (1993), S. 266-270 
    Details
    ISSN: 0934-0866
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: On-line characterization of powder and droplets during gas atomization of molten metals and alloys offers extensive opportunities for real-time process monitoring and control. The capability to make on-line measurements can significantly reduce tedious and costly powder classification, which, currently, is always carried out subsequent to the atomization process. Two laser-based particle sizing instruments, the EPCS (ensemble instrument) and PCSV (single particle instrument), were used during gas atomization of zinc with a double Coanda nozzle configuration. The laser instruments were positioned in the duct leading from the bottom of the atomization tower to the powder collection cyclone. The effect of gas to metal ratio on particle size was studied by varying the atomization gas pressure from 0.69 MPa to 1.03 MPa. Air was used as the atomizing gas for some of the 0.69 MPa runs, while nitrogen was used for all of the higher-pressure runs. Experimental apparatus and procedures for atomization and on-line powder sizing with the EPCS and PCSV are described. EPCS and PCSV measurements, which were compared with standard sieve analyses, indicate that the ensemble instrument is a good candidate for on-line process monitoring and control.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.19930100509
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 177
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Announcements (1993)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Particle and Particle Systems Characterization 10 (1993), S. 290-293 
    Details
    ISSN: 0934-0866
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.19930100513
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 178
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Masthead (1993)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Particle and Particle Systems Characterization 10 (1993) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0934-0866
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.19930100601
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 179
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On-line Surface Area Measurement of Concentrated Slurries using low field spin-lattice relaxation NMR (1993)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Particle and Particle Systems Characterization 10 (1993), S. 246-251 
    Details
    ISSN: 0934-0866
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A method for the rapid on-line determination of surface area and solids content in flowing concentrated slurries using low field NMR spin-lattice relaxation measurements has been developed and demonstrated. The relationship between flow and spin-lattice relaxation time (T1) of protons in water at 20 MHz was examined using aqueous copper sulfate solutions. The ability to measure surface area and solids concentration in both stagnant (stopped flow) and flowing systems via NMR was demonstrated using several different concentrated aqueous titania and glass slurries (20 to 80 weight percent) for which the dried powder surface area was previously determined via nitrogen adsorption/BET analysis and the solids content determined gravimetrically. Surface areas were also calculated from particle size analysis and found to vary by up to an order of magnitude from the adsorption and NMR results.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.19930100506
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 180
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Measurement of Aggregate Fractal Dimensions Using Static Light Scattering (1993)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Particle and Particle Systems Characterization 10 (1993), S. 239-245 
    Details
    ISSN: 0934-0866
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Aggregates formed from colloidal particles will vary in shape according to the aggregation regime prevalent. Compact structures are formed when the aggregation is slow, whilst loose tenuous structures are formed when rapid (or diffusion limited) aggregation prevails. These structures can be fractal in nature, that is, there is a relationship between porosity and the number of primary particles making up the aggregate, and is described by the fractal dimension, dF. Fractal dimensions of hematite aggregates have been measured experimentally using the static light scattering technique. Fractal dimensions varied with aggregation regimes; for the rapid aggregation regime, dF was found to be 2.8, whilst for conditions in which aggregation was slow (retardation forces prevail), dF's of 2.3 were measured. For conditions which lead to aggregation in which both diffusion and retardation forces play a part, structures with fractal dimensions such that 2.3 〈 dF 〈 2.8 were found.The effects of adsorbed fulvic acid, a naturally occuring organic acid, on the kinetics of hematite aggregation and on the resulting structure of hematite aggregates were also investigated. The study of aggregate structure shows that the fractal dimensions of hematite aggregates which are partially coated with fulvic acid molecules are higher than those obtained with no adsorbed fulvic acid. The scattering exponents obtained from static light scattering experiments of these aggregates range from 2.83 ± 0.08 to 3.42 ± 0.1. The scattering exponents of greater than 3 indicate that the scattering is the result of objects that contains pores which are bounded by surfaces with a fractal structure, and can be related only to surface fractal dimension. The high fractal dimensions are due to restructuring within the aggregates, which only occured at low coverage by the organic acid.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.19930100505
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 181
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Neural Networks for Flow Regime Identification with dry particulate flow (1993)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Particle and Particle Systems Characterization 10 (1993), S. 234-238 
    Details
    ISSN: 0934-0866
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: This work on imaging of particulate processes using electrical charge tomography uses two basic techniques: the multi-sensing of electrical charge in a cross-section of the flow pipe and a neural network based flow regime identification system to aid in the image reconstruction process.A measurement system, consisting of sixteen sensors, placed at equal distance from each other around the boundary of a circular 100 mm bore pipe, is used to determine the voltage profile of the flow for several artificially produced flow regimes: full, annular, core, half and stratified. A sand flow system is used to produce these different flow regimes, which are created artificially by using baffles of different shapes that obstruct the sand flow.The voltage profile from the sixteen sensors gives spatial information of the flow regime. These profiles are normalised and formed into patterns that are presented to a Kohonen neural network for classification. Two regime classification between clearly distinct regimes gives an accuracy of identification of 85%. Classification of closely similar patterns show much less accuracy of 30%.
    Additional Material: 14 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.19930100504
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 182
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    In-Process Particle Size Distribution Measurements and Control (1993)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Particle and Particle Systems Characterization 10 (1993), S. 262-265 
    Details
    ISSN: 0934-0866
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: In-process measurement of particle size and concentration distributions provides continuous analysis and quality control of a product stream. Elimination of sample handling and operator manipulation is now possible for most pneumatic flows using optical methods which are properly interfaced with the process stream.The EPCS (Ensemble Particle Concentration & Size) described in the following has been used to obtain detailed size distribution measurements in powder production facilities at two second intervals, and has been successfully used for automatic feedback control.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.19930100508
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 183
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Image Analysis for Off-Line Characterisation of mineral particles and prediction of processing properties (1993)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Particle and Particle Systems Characterization 10 (1993), S. 271-274 
    Details
    ISSN: 0934-0866
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The paper discusses the application of image analysis to multiphase mineral particles. The emphasis is on the development of automatic and routine methods which provide reliable data for the process engineer. Optical systems are discussed briefly, but electron beam instruments are shown to offer many advantages for the identification and discrimination of mineral species. Image capture and analysis procedures are described together with the application of the measured data to aid our understanding of the processing properties of particles of complex structure. Examples are given from studies of beach sands, silver minerals, flyashes, ore characterisation, flotation of base metals, grinding and liberation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.19930100510
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 184
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Use of Laser Backscatter Instrumentation for the on-line measurement of the particle size distribution of emulsions (1993)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Particle and Particle Systems Characterization 10 (1993), S. 279-289 
    Details
    ISSN: 0934-0866
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The response of the Partec laser backscatter particle size analyzer has been tested under a variety of conditions. Various materials posessing different light scattering characteristics have been examined and the response of the Partec instrument has been evaluated. In particular the system response to transparent particle systems (e.g. oil in water emulsions) tas been studied. It has been found that the Partec laser backscatter instrument provides reasonably accurate and reproducible results when used to characterize opaque, highly reflective particles such as hydrated alumina, but suffers from a lack of sensitivity to fine transparent particles such as oil droplets. The instrument does, however, readily detect the presence of opaque particle contaminants in oil-water emulsions.
    Additional Material: 15 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.19930100512
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 185
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Precision of the Grain Size Coefficient (K-Coefficient) of concrete aggregates  -  a problem of sampling, sample division and sieve analysis (1993)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Particle and Particle Systems Characterization 10 (1993), S. 357-363 
    Details
    ISSN: 0934-0866
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Concrete quality is influenced to a high degree by the granulometry of the aggregates used. In the construction industry, the grain size coefficient of K-coefficient is used as a quantity for the characterization of granulometry. In practice, this quantity is determined experimentally, and it is therefore a random variable influenced by material heterogeneity and errors in sampling, sample preparation and size analysis. Depending on the final use, in concrete production often an aggregate is required, the grain size coefficient of which can be adjusted to a given value Krequ with a prescribed precision. For this reason, continuous supervision of the aggregate quality is necessary using, e. g., automatic sampling and opto-electronic measuring equipment. In order to determine the optimum conditions for the installation of such equipment, the variances of the possible errors must be established. Further, methods for their restriction are necessary. In this paper, investigations involving hand sampling and hand sieving and on the example of a reference gravel plant are reported. The investigations reveal that, for the materials involved, primary samples of at least 1600 g were necessary, which then could be reduced to 200 g by sample splitting, in order to obtain the accuracy desired.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.19930100611
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 186
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Obituary Professor Dr.-Ing. Friedrich Löffler (1994)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Particle and Particle Systems Characterization 11 (1994), S. 6-6 
    Details
    ISSN: 0934-0866
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.19940110103
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 187
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Special issue of selected papers of congress on optical particle sizing Yokohama, August 1993 (1994)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Particle and Particle Systems Characterization 11 (1994), S. 5-5 
    Details
    ISSN: 0934-0866
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.19940110102
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 188
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Innovative Phase Doppler Systems and their Applications (1994)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Particle and Particle Systems Characterization 11 (1994), S. 7-21 
    Details
    ISSN: 0934-0866
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Theoretical and practical limits on the applicability of PDA are established, using generalized theoretical formulations of various physical processes governing the operation of a phase Doppler system. Furthermore, several innovative solutions are introduced to prevent the commonly occuring problems of PDA, such as Gaussian profile effect, non-monotonic response and 2π-ambiguity. Generalized formulations have also enabled new applications, such as sizing of submicron particles, particle material recognition, measurements with non-standard geometries. Selected results of measurements in particulate flows, using innovative PDA systems, are also presented.
    Additional Material: 18 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.19940110104
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 189
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Generalized lorenz-mie theory and applications (1994)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Particle and Particle Systems Characterization 11 (1994), S. 22-34 
    Details
    ISSN: 0934-0866
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Many optical sizing techniques rely on particle/laser interactions. The classical Lorenz-Mie theory describing sphere/plane wave interactions is therefore misleading when designing instruments and processing data when the particle size is not small enough with respect to beam diameters. In such cases the use of the generalized Lorenz-Mie theory is required. After summarizing essential features of the generalized Lorenz-Mie theory for sphere/arbitray wave interactions, this paper describes applications of the theory with some emphasis on the analysis of phase-Doppler anemometers.
    Additional Material: 13 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.19940110105
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 190
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Coherent Scattering by Multiple Particles in Phase Doppler Interferometry (1994)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Particle and Particle Systems Characterization 11 (1994), S. 35-42 
    Details
    ISSN: 0934-0866
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A theoretical model has been developed for studying the response of the phase Doppler interferometer when multiple particles are simultaneously present within the measurement probe volume. The developed model incorporates the geometrical optics theory for describing the coherent interaction between the scattered light signals of multiple particles, eachhaving different size, velocity, trajectory, and arrival time. The resulting Doppler signal is processed by a theoretical signal processor which can simulate the performance characteristic of different signal processing schemes that are widely used in phase Doppler interferometry, namely, zero-crossing counter, covariance, autocorrelation and DFT parocessors. The application of the developed model for studying the coherent scattering by two particles has been specifically addressed in this paper. It has been shown that a DFT processor can be used to simultaneously measure the size and velocity of the two particles in most instances. However, for more than two particles, the signal processing scheme becomes more complex because of a quadratic increase in the beat frequency components.
    Additional Material: 13 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.19940110106
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 191
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Phase-Doppler Method Applied to Very Small Particles (1994)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Particle and Particle Systems Characterization 11 (1994), S. 55-62 
    Details
    ISSN: 0934-0866
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Using a computer model based on Lorenz-Mie and generalized Lorenz-Mie theory, various optical confiugurations of a phase-Doppler system were analysed with regard to their suitability for diameter measurements in the sub-micron range. The major concern in this size range is multi-valuedness of the phase-diameter characteristic, the relatively small signal-to-noise ratio obtained with the very low scattered intensity and the small value of the phase difference to be measured. It is shown numerically and by experiment that for particles in a free stream the multi-valuedness and the shot noise need not prohibit measurements in the sub-micron size range. The major source of phase error results from light scattered form objects or material other than the particle inside the measuring volume. Using an optical set-up with nearly counter-propagating incident beams and a large angle between the detectors, measurements were obtained for particle diameters down to 200 nm, and it is estimated that with some improvements in receiver optics measurement down to 100 nm will be possible.
    Additional Material: 20 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.19940110108
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 192
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Phase Doppler Method: Analysis, performance evaluations, and applications (1994)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Particle and Particle Systems Characterization 11 (1994), S. 73-83 
    Details
    ISSN: 0934-0866
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: This review of the recent developments in the phase Doppler method provides information on the advances made to the method and delineates some potential error sources. Methods used to eliminate these potential error sources are also discussed. It is shown through comparison to the Lorenz-Mie theory and the GLMT that the geometrical optics theory offers a reliable and efficient computational tool for the analysis of the light scattering with the phase Doppler method. The geometrical optics theory was then used to optimize the measurement parameters in the system designs and a significant reduction in the measurement uncertainty was realized. Limitations on the particle concentrations in which the instrument will operate reliably are also addressed. A brief discussion of the instrumentation and, in particular, the signal processing is presented. The advantages in using the Fourier transform approach are discussed. As a demonstration of the capabilities of the instrument, several performance tests were reviewed and examples of the application to spray combustion and turbulent dispersion of particles are given.
    Additional Material: 13 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.19940110110
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 193
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evaluation of a Particle Sizing Technique Based on Laser Sheets (1994)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Particle and Particle Systems Characterization 11 (1994), S. 101-106 
    Details
    ISSN: 0934-0866
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The use of a laser sheet (or elliptical Gaussian beam) in meas-urement techniques is of growing interset. Some of these techniques take advantage of the wavefront curvature of such beams as in a dual-crylindrical wave system (DCW). Nevertheless, up to now, the analysis of the properties of the light scattered by spherical particles form the beam has been carried out largely by using geometrical optics or classical Lorenz-Mie theory. In this paper, the generalized Lorenz-Mie theory (GLMT) is applied to the analysis of an existing DCW measurement system. Differences between the results predicted by classical approaches and by GLMT are emphasized.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.19940110113
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 194
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Masthead (1994)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Particle and Particle Systems Characterization 11 (1994) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0934-0866
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.19940110201
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 195
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Response of Laser Diffraction Particle Sizer to Anisometric Particles (1994)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Particle and Particle Systems Characterization 11 (1994), S. 121-126 
    Details
    ISSN: 0934-0866
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: This study deals with the size measurement of non-spherical particles by the laser diffraction technique. Size analyses of three sets of identical metallic bodies (cubes, tablets and cylinders) were performed by means of a Malvern 2600 instrument. The results prove that under the operating conditions chosen and in the case of anisometric objects, the mean total surface area is not measurable either because the Malvern software, strictly valid for spheres, is not applicable to such particles or because the particles adopt preferential orientations in the measurement cell. Further, a way of processing diffraction data is proposed in order to determine two characteristic dimensions of identical anisometric particles. It is based on the measurement of the minimum and maximum projected surface areas of the particles. The experimental results obtained with our particles show the procedure to be reliable.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.19940110203
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 196
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Performance Evaluation of Different Phase-Doppler Systems (1994)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Particle and Particle Systems Characterization 11 (1994), S. 91-100 
    Details
    ISSN: 0934-0866
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The results of comparative measurements of three different phase-Doppler systems applied to a steady-state water spray are discussed. The three receiving systems, i. e. DANTEC 57X receiving optics with covariance processor, an AEROMETRICS fibre-based receiver with DSA processor and standard INVENT phase-Doppler extension, were used with a 2-D fibre-optics-based transmitting system. A constant scattering angle of 70° was chosen, which is near the Brewster angle for water. Measurements were taken in the spray cone of hollow-cone pressure atomizer at two different axial distances from the nozzle. Local size distributions, size/velocity correlations and the mean diameters D10 and D32 were compared. The results indicate very good agreement between the different systems, especially with respect to the mean diameters. Larger scatter of the results occurs for the measured volume flow rates, but the calculated mean volume flow rates coincide fairly well with the nominal flow rate of the atomizer.
    Additional Material: 13 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.19940110112
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 197
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Determination of Particle Size Distribution by the analysis of intensity-constrained multi-angle photon correlation spectroscopic data (1994)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Particle and Particle Systems Characterization 11 (1994), S. 145-149 
    Details
    ISSN: 0934-0866
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Laser light scattering (LLS), especially dynamic laser light scattering (DLS), also known as photon correlation spectroscopy (PCS), is a well established method for particle size distribution analysis. It usually involves a Laplace inversion of the field autocorrelation function. However, the resolution is limited because of the ill-conditioned nature of this Laplace inversion. No unique solution exists when noise is present on the data. In contrast with this ill-conditioned nature, the angular dependence of scattered (static) intensities is precisely not ill-conditioned, which allows the resolution of the ill-conditioned inversion of DLS data to be improved. In order to characterize samples with more complicated size distributions, an intensityconstrained multi-angle PCS data analysis program has been developed, which is an alternative way of normalizing the field correlation function to that reported by Cummins and Staples [12]. In this program, the field autocorrelation function is normalized to the scattering intensity by using a predetermined coherent factor at each angle, which provides an additional constraint on the Laplace inversion of multi-angle PCS data analysis. The alternative analysis improves the resolution of PCS and provides a more reliable particle size distribution than single-angle data analysis. Both simulated and measured LLS data are used to illustrate its application, resolution and limitations.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.19940110206
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 198
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterizing the Structure of Fumed Pigments using the concepts of fractal geometryDedicated Professor Kurt Lesconski on the occasion of his 60th birthday (1991)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Particle and Particle Systems Characterization 8 (1991), S. 63-71 
    Details
    ISSN: 0934-0866
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Many commercially important pigments such as titanium dioxide and carbonblack are produced as fumes from a combustion process. The fuming process generates open structured agglomerates conforming to a morphology predicated by physical considerations. For this reason widely different chemical pigments often manifest common physical structure. This structure can be characterized using the concepts of fractal geometry. In this communication the potential usefulness and physical significance of descriptive parameters of the agglomerate structure of fumed pigments based on the concepts of fractal geometry are explored. Similar structures present in high energy ceramic powders are discussed and the potential importance of fractal dimension parameters for the prediction of the physical behaviour of powders is outlined.
    Additional Material: 14 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.19910080112
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 199
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of the Measurement Volume on the Phase Error in Phase Doppler Anemometry. Part 1: Reflective mode operation (1994)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Particle and Particle Systems Characterization 11 (1994), S. 339-344 
    Details
    ISSN: 0934-0866
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: In phase Doppler anemometry (PDA), phase difference errors are caused by the Gaussian intensity distribution of the laser beam and the curvature of the phase fronts outside of the beam waist. This results in erroneous particle sizes. Based on a physical analysis by geometrical optics [1], this phase difference error is evaluated for reflected mode operation (Part I) and for refracted mode operation (Part II). By varying the particle trajectories statistically, the error in determining the particle size and the mass flow can be simulated. By the method described the error in the measured phase difference can easily be estimated.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.19940110410
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 200
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Particle Growth by Coalescence and AgglomerationDedicated to Professor Kurt Leschonski on the occasion of his 60th birthday (1991)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Particle and Particle Systems Characterization 8 (1991), S. 86-89 
    Details
    ISSN: 0934-0866
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A dispersed system is considered which will form its condensed phase at high temperatures and is characterized by a high density of very small supercritical nuclei. It is assumed that particle growth is determined by coagulation and (viscous flow) coalescence. The morphology of the final particles depends on the temperature history of the formation process. Compact spherical particles and agglomerates may be formed. Agglomerates result when the process temperature decreases to an extent that coalescence is quenched in the course of the growth process. The average size of the primary particles in the agglomerates is calculated by using the analysis and the approximations described in a previous paper. The growth kinetics of the primary particles are presented in a dimensionless form. The results show that the dimensionless size of the primary particles depends only on the ratio of two characteristic lengths of the system. For small values of this ratio, the size of the primary particles composing the agglomerates, although much greater than the initially formed nuclei, is independent of the volume fraction of the condensed aerosol. For large values of this parameter, the theory merges into the classical theory of perfectly coalescing spheres.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.19910080115
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
Close ⊗
This website uses cookies and the analysis tool Matomo. More information can be found here...