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  • Life and Medical Sciences  (365)
  • Humans
  • 1930-1934  (365)
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  • 101
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: It is shown that in Prorhynchus applanatus there exists a type of yolk elaboration which has hitherto not been reported. Formation is within the nucleus through the growth and fusion of nucleoli, but the yolk globule becomes larger than the original nucleolus. The developing individual utilizes the food material contained in the yolk cells in the following order: (1) cytoplasm of the yolk cell, (2) yolk bodies contained in this cytoplasm, (3) intranuclear yolk, (4) nucleoplasm. It is also shown that the germ cells in this form arise from the endoderm by diapedesis, but that the yolk cells are mesenchymal in origin. The sequence of formation of male and female gametes precludes the possibility of the presence of sex hormones such as are found in higher forms.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 102
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: A comparative study has been made of fifteen species and subspecies of rodents to determine the range in number and variation in morphology of their chromosomes. The number range is between 40 and 86±, with an average number for known species of 52. In the family of Cricetidae there is little variation in chromosome number and a general similarity of the chromosomes. In the Muridae the range for known species is 40 to 42, but the chromosome morphology even of subspecies may be quite different. In Sciuridae a range of 48 to 62 has been found in different species. The greatest range in number is found in the Heteromyidae, 44 and 86± chromosomes having been found in two species. It is concluded that the stem number for rodents is close to 48 and that fragmentation and fusion account for variation in numbers, and these affect the morphology of the chromosomes. The evidence also indicates that variations in morphology are due to translocations and inversions, and possibly deletions accompanied by translocations.
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 103
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 52 (1931), S. 429-483 
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: There are in scorpions two sharply contrasting types in respect to the mode of distribution of the chondriosomes to the sperm cells. In one of these the chondriosomes, spheroidal in form and nearly definite in number, are sorted out whole without division during the spermatocyte divisions, their number being thus reduced successively to one-half and one-fourth. This type occurs in Opisthacanthus, Hadrurus, Vejovis, Euscorpius, and Palamnaeus. In the other, as yet known only in Centrurus, all the chondriosomes fuse during the spermatocyte growth period to form a single ring-shaped body; and this, during the two ensuing mitoses, is accurately divided into two, four, and eight equal parts, of which each spermatid receives two. In both types alike the chondrioma is thus distributed very nearly equally to the sperm cells, but by widely contrasting processes; and in both types the spermatid chondriosomes are drawn out to form the sheath of the axial filament in the sperm tail. In Opisthacanthus there are indications of a definite process of dictyokinesis during the spermatocyte divisions.These facts are discussed in the light of the general history of the chondriosomes in other animals, with especial reference to more general problems of cell division. The present vagueness and uncertainty of our knowledge of cell division and differentiation are emphasized.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 104
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: By means of the ‘intravitam technic’ developed by Baumgartner and Payne (1931), the mature or maturing sperm of Chortophaga viridifasciata have been traced from the follicle of the testes in the male to the locus of fertilization in the female. The sperm aggregated into bundles, and held tight by a hyaline cytoplasmic cap, spiral up the follicle, turn and spiral back to the vas deferens by means of a periodic lashing and writhing of the sperm tails.The genital tract is described briefly. In the vasa deferentia and storage tubules, the sperm bundles are usually in a quiescent state, having been inactivated most probably by secretions from the tubules.Peristalsis and currents in the fluid contents of the tubules move the inactivated sperm from the vesicles of the male to the seminal receptacle of the female, where the cytoplasmic caps gradually disintegrate. This permits individual sperm to pass down the seminal duct and fertilize the ovum just before oviposition.Single photomicrographs and a series of photomicrographs show the sperm in various parts of the genital system and making actual progress up a follicle. A stained preparation was used for only one of the photos. The other nineteen are from living unstained tissue. The intravitam observations are, most probably, more ‘vital’ than any heretofore recorded.
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 105
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Nyctotherus cordiformis and Opalinids infesting Rana pipiens were studied by microincineration and in stained control sections. A marked difference in concentration and distribution of mineral salts was noted within saprozoic and holozoic organisms. The endoplasm in the saprozoic protozoa was free from inorganic residue except for the ‘vegetative’ granules; the protoplasm of the holozoic infusorians consisted of a fine network of mineral salts. Detailed examinations suggested that the qualitative and quantitative differences might be correlated with diffusion of digestible material through the cuticle. The inorganic residue of the walls of vacuoles was relatively rich in iron.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 106
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 54 (1933), S. 451-457 
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Recent and fossil fishes may be divided into groups having both pectoral and pelvic fins, pectorals only, pelvics only, or with a second pair of fins located anteriorly and seemingly not homologous with pelvics. In some groups the pelvics are located near the cloaca, with an extensive hiatus between the pectoral and pelvic neuromeres; other groups are of an intermediate character, while in a third group the second pair of fins appears to have no relationship to the pelvics. The character of the innervation indicates that they could hardly have been derived from the latter, and the few nerves, consecutive with the brachial plexus, which supply them suggest origin from the posterior elements of the dermal series, the anterior of which became the pectoral fins. Instances even occur (Polynemus) in which a third pair of appendages has been derived from the original pectoral complex.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 107
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: The authors are preparing a table for the normal developments of the guinea-pig. This paper deals with the external form and the development of the external characteristics of guinea-pigs between 21 days and 35 days, copulation age. About one hundred embryos were used from thirty-six litters.Length and weight are good criteria for determining age, although there is some variation. The flexures, the disappearance of the tail, the development of hair follicles at specific locations, the degree of development of the mouth and external ear are better criteria for the determination of age.At 27 days there is a sudden increase in both weight and length. This increase is rather uniform from this period until the end of 35 days. At this time the embryo has the appearance of a newborn guinea-pig.
    Zusätzliches Material: 5 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 108
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 54 (1933) 
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 109
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: This investigation was undertaken to determine some of the variables involved in the demonstration of the Golgi elements. Gland cells of vertebrates were studied vitally, after impregnation by osmic acid methods, and after autolysis.The duration of the staining period and the concentration of the stain condition the results obtained by vital staining with neutral red. The success of impregnation of Golgi elements with osmic acid varies with,(1) the type of tissue, (2) the time of initial fixation in relation to the time of the death of the animal, (3) the position of the cell in the piece of tissue, and, (4) the temperature of incubation with osmic acid. Stages in the impregnation of Golgi elements can be followed by examining preparations of the same tissue at frequent intervals during the incubation period. An increase in the amount of material which reduces osmic acid and which may form Golgi elements occurs in the cells during autolysis.The results are interpreted as indicating that Golgi elements are visible products of chemical reactions that occur in cells. They represent localized regions containing particular classes of chemical compounds which may be present, as such, in living cells or result from transformations in the cells during incubation. It is suggested that for the cells under consideration these substances may be unsaturated fatty acids.
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 110
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 54 (1933), S. 399-413 
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: The m. trapezius, with both brachial and branchial functions, is in seeming series with the mm. interarcuales laterales. The intrinsic muscles of the fin occur as a dorsal extensor sheet and three (or four) ventral flexor components. The spinal nerves, uncomplicated by extensive anastomoses, which supply the fin, clearly show that in the dogfish the fin muscles are derived not from dorsal and ventral elements, but from anterior and posterior, or protractor and retractor elements. The nerves prove that from the original protractor musculature only the anterior portion of the present flexor group is derived, while the original retractor musculature has become all of the extensor and the posterior part of the flexor series. Faradic stimulation of the live animal is satisfactory, although there is much variation in the sensitivity, particularly of different muscles.
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 111
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 54 (1933), S. 477-491 
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: The mitochondria in the male germ cells of Sciara exhibit peculiarities as regards both morphological characteristics and distribution. In form. they show superficial similarity with those of some of the scorpions, while their distribution may be peculiar to the genus and depend on unusual meiotic divisions.
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 112
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 54 (1933), S. 459-475 
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: A description of the urogenital system in both sexes of Lepidosteus platystomus Rafinesque, and new observations on the blood supply to this system as well as to the rest of the viscera is given.The testes resemble the true piscine type. The sperm are carried by numerous vasa efferentia to the kidney tubules, through the mesonephros to the wolffian duct, and to the exterior as in the elasmobranchs and amphibians. The most anterior of the vasa efferentia are non-functional. The ovaries are simple sac-like structures continuous with their ducts. The oviducts transverse the ventro-lateral surface of the mesonephros, and enter into the dilated portions of the wolffian ducts, where they join, directly anterior to the urogenital aperture. There are no ducts in the male homologous with the oviducts of the female. The kidneys fused posteriorly, appear to extend the entire length of the body cavity, but the anterior third is non-urinary.By injection methods, the celiaco-mesenteric artery is shown to be crowded to the posterior end of the body cavity by the complicated swim-bladder, and runs anteriorly to supply the entire viscera. Its anterior portion is incorporated in the liver.
    Zusätzliches Material: 5 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 113
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 50 (1930), S. 361-392 
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: This ontogenetic study shows the following facts: (1) the presence of a vidian artery homologous with that of reptiles, which serves visceral elements of the jaw; (2) there exists a transitory occipital artery arising from the stapedial which contributes to the vascular supply of the occipital region; (3) the presence of a transitory fifth arch intimately associated with the sixth arch; (4) there is evidence of at least two presegmental branches of the aorta; (5) in the development of the adult pulmonary stem the right artery forms very little of the common vessel; (6) a single cephalobrachial trunk forms the culmination of arch development; (7) arterial development of the head and neck falls into three phases: (a) a temporary arterial pattern designed to carry nutriment to primitive head structures, (b) a plan of arterial distribution adapted to supply the rapidly forming cartilage and muscle of the jaws, and, (c) a readjustment period when the arterial plan is readjusted due to the increased heteronomy of the head.
    Zusätzliches Material: 9 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 114
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 50 (1930), S. 413-451 
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: The process of ‘chromatin diminution’ may be said to be a casting off of chromatic material from the chromosomes earlier or later in the course of mitosis. A study of the phenomenon as it occurs in Ephestia and Ascaris shows it to be comparable in only the broadest and most general sense.In Ephestia the diminution substance is not formed in the nucleus, but is due to a later differentiation of the chromosomes long after their discharge from the nucleus. This can be made apparent by the use of differential stains and by other methods.In Ascaris diminution is found not to occur until the third cleavage, and then in all three cells that are destined to be somatic. The diminution process in this instance is apparently comparable to the casting out of residual substance which occurs when the nuclear vesicle breaks down in other cells.
    Zusätzliches Material: 49 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 115
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 50 (1930), S. 517-525 
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: The fertilized hen's eggs of known origin were incubated under predetermined, standardized, and uniform conditions of all physical factors except air, the composition of which in respect to the carbon dioxide and oxygen varied in each experiment. The growth and mortality of the embryo were studied daily, with, on an average, four observations.The experimental data show that the continuous exposure to about 0.4 per cent of carbon dioxide in the air of the incubator stimulated growth during the first part of embryonic life. A high content of carbon dioxide and at the same time a slightly reduced content of oxygen resulted in diminishing of the size and increasing of mortality of the embryo. The maximum combined proportions of these gases possible for growth of the embryo were about 22.0 and 16.3 per cent, respectively. A temporary exposure (twenty-four and forty-eight hours) to a large amount of carbon dioxide resulted in diminishing the size of the embryo without apparent deformities or increase of mortality.
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 116
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 51 (1931), S. 1-117 
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Four functional types of viviparity are recognized, and the last, pseudoplacento viviparity, is illustrated by a review of the embryogeny of a species of Polyctenidae. This insect normally has ten embryos in the reproductive tract in successive stages of development. The problem of fertilization is discussed, for there seems to be no spermatheca and spermatic clumps are present in the haemocoel. No organ of Berlese can be found. One, apparently a nymph, when sectioned revealed spermatozoa in even greater abundance than the mature females. Four to six of her offspring would seem to be paedogenetic.Females liberate ova that are yolk-free, and no chorion is secreted about them. Blastomeres are distinct, the embryonic envelopes are formed as usual, and hemipteran embryology occurs. The trophserosa functions until blastokinesis takes place, when the pleuropodial extensions evaginate and encompass the embryo which now lies in a pleuropodial cavity. The pleuropodia function as Lutrient organs, or psedoplacenta, until shortly before birth. At birth the embryo is a little more than one-third the adult body length and bears strongly developed setae.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 117
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: A morphologic study of the labyrinth, especially on the perilymphatic space with its physiologic aspect, is presented in this paper. The perilymphatic space starts its development with the chondrification of the auditory capsule, and is completed by the end of the first third of metamorphosis. The author divides the whole spatium into two parts: the ductus perilymphaticus et diverticula and the pars spongiosa spati perilymphatici. The ductus perilymphaticus et diverticula may play an important rǒle in carrying out the functions of both equilibrium and audition. The pars spongiosa serves not only to fasten the membranous labyrinth to the capsular wall, but acts as a safeguard for the functions of both the membranous labyrinth and the ductus perilymphaticus et diverticula. The ductus system may have more important physiologic relations than does the membranous labyrinth in connection with the cranial cavity and spinal cord, as to the change of pressure, the transmission of vibrations, the osmosis of fluids, etc. A number of microscopic and schematic figures are shown with reference to the anatomic and morphologic relations of the membranous labyrinth, auditory capsule, and spatium perilymphaticum.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 118
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 55 (1933), S. 349-385 
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Lead poisoning causes a selective destruction of mature erythrocytes, thereby depleting the spleen and stimulating differentiation and proliferation of erythrocytes in the blood. In conjunction with splenectomy, this intravascular erythropoiesis is markedly accelerated.During the progressive anemia and subsequent regeneration of erythrocytes in simple lead poisoning the major hemopoietic loci, spleen, mesonephros, liver, and epicardium were observed. The spleen is most rapidly affected. The red cell progenitor first present in the circulation is the hemoblast, but later numerous lymphocytes enter the blood stream and are transformed into erythrocytes.Following simple splenectomy the blood shows relatively little change. A mild regenerative activity of both erythrocytes and thrombocytes ensues. In lead poisoning after splenectomy the blood picture resembles that of simple lead poisoning. The anemia is produced more rapidly and the regeneration of erythrocytes is delayed.This study emphasizes the importance of the blood stream of Necturus as a site of red cell differentiation and proliferation, and shows that the lymphocyte may be a possible progenitor of erythrocytes and thrombocytes. Under normal conditions the hemoblast suffices as a source for red cells, but under abnormal or experimental conditions, where the demand for new cells is excessive and prolonged, the lymphocyte plays a major role.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 119
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 55 (1934), S. 435-475 
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: The centrioles are recognized early in the prophase of the primary spermatocyte. They soon become double and migrate around the nucleus in opposite directions. As this is completed the nuclear membrane breaks down and spindle fibers appear. The centrioles divide in the metaphase at a time when the centrosome is still perfectly spherical. The centrosome divides in the anaphase, giving the two centers for the second division. The centriole disappears in the spermatid and cannot be seen in later stages. The behavior of the centers during the spermatocyte divisions is strikingly like that of the egg centers and other types of mitoses. Therefore, it is concluded that the centrioles of the spermatocytes are not to be regarded as different from the centrioles in other types of mitoses.The Golgi bodies increase in number and size during the growth period of the cell. They are usually found in the shape of rings. From these rings are produced the refringent granules which fuse in the late spermatid to form those of the mature sperm. It is therefore concluded that this process represents the formation of the acrosome. The mitochondria show little change during the maturation divisions. In the late spermatid they aggregate around the nucleus and become vesiculated. This is interpreted as the formation of the prenebenkern.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 120
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 51 (1931), S. 527-543 
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: A vacuome (‘Golgi apparatus’) consisting of small globular inclusions has been demonstrated in Chlamydomonas sp. These inclusions may be seen in the living, unstained organism; they are stainable vitally with neutral red; they have been stained vitally with neutral red and then blackened with osmic vapor under direct observation, and they have been impregnated by osmic and silver methods without previous treatment with neutral red.The reaction of these inclusions to the iodin test for starch suggests that they may play some rǒle, possibly one of storage, in the cycle of starch metabolism.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 121
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 51 (1931), S. 613-618 
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: The onset of hibernation in Melanoplus differentialis eggs kept at high temperatures is accompanied by a fairly abrupt cessation of cell division. The total number of mitotic figures present in the different individuals of a series of embryos of this grasshopper, from eggs kept for eighteen to twenty days at 25°C. from the time of saying, was found to vary between 1000 and 4400. In contrast to the conditions found in eggs of this age, embryos from eggs kept twenty-seven days at 25°C., as well as those older and still in the hibernating state, contained few or no dividing cells. During the course of the work it was found that, in rare cases, hibernation failed to occur, a few or many of the eggs developed without a pause when kept at 25°C., and hatched at approximately the thirty-eighth day. The detection of variations in the rate of mitotic activity over short periods, as originally planned, was found impossible, because of the comparatively small number of embryos used.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 122
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 52 (1931), S. 155-164 
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Some pathological effects of supersonic waves produced by the piezo-electric oscillator described by Wood and Loomis ('27) are described.Death of fish and frogs was due to haemolysis of erythrocytes within the gill capillaries. Disruption of gill filaments, trauma, and extravasation in the head and gill region and in the peripheral musculature were noted.No effect on the nervous system was apparent histologically.Organisms were not killed in water under hyper- or hyponormal pressures. In these cases no cavitation of gases took place.Isolated frog sartorius muscle in Ringer's was not damaged.Bubbles of gas were easily observed within the muscle cells of the tadpoles when such cells were not more violently disturbed. Such bubbles were abundant in the more fluid muscles of four- or five-day tadpoles, less abundant in 15- to 35-mm. Lebistes, and entirely lacking in adult frog sartorius. Protoplasmic viscosity differences probably explain the gradient.The above-observed intracellular cavitation explains the muscular destruction, the haemolysis, the change in specific gravity of organisms subjected to the wave treatment, and may offer light upon the stimulatory effect of such waves on excitable tissues (compare Harvey, '28).
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 123
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 55 (1933), S. 185-191 
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: In this peculiar Orthopteron the chromosomes are unusual in these respects: the number is low for one of the Saltatoria; there is an x-y idiochromosome pair; all the tetrads are individually distinguishable; the chromosomes are small, relatively and actually, in the very large first spermatocyte. The structural peculiarities of the animal are reflected in those of its germ cells, but as yet no correlation has been established.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 124
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 55 (1933), S. 193-205 
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Tritrichomonas foetus (Riedmüller) which occurs in the genital tract of domestic cows and which appears to be associated with pathological conditions, including sterility and abortion, has been found in American cows and its morphology studied.The spindle-shaped body is 10 to 25 μ in length and bears three anterior flagella and a posterior flagellum which constitutes the marginal filament of the nearly full-length undulating membrane and continues posteriorly as a trailing flagellum. There is an accessory filament in the undulating membrane. The axostyle is of the thick, hyaline type and contains endoaxostylar granules in the capitulum and bears a chromatic ring at the point of emergence from the body. There is a well-developed costa under the undulating membrane and a simple type of parabasal body.In its morphology this species more nearly resembles such intestinal forms as T. augusta and T. muris than it does Trichomonas vaginalis of man, since the latter has four anterior flagella, a short undulating membrane without an accessory filament, no trailing flagellum, a different type of axostyle, and a parabasal filament along with its larger parabasal body.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 125
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 55 (1933), S. 265-311 
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: X-rays produce fragmentations of the chromosome commonly in the region of fiber attachment.Fiberless fragments become attached to other chromosomes or those portions of them that retain fiber attachments. Thus, chromosomes homologous to parts of two other chromosomes are produced and at synapsis multiples are formed. Such multiples are chains or closed-circles depending upon whether a single or a reciprocal translocation respectively has occurred. Sometimes entire chromosomes unite to form a multiple. In general, the multiples divide so that the segregation of homologous elements is complete. However, sometimes the separation of homologous portions is impossible and, then, gametes which contain sectional-duplications, or sectional-deficiencies, or both, are produced. Any two or more chromosomes may be involved in multiple formation although the larger elements are more frequently implicated.Translocations may occur between homologues resulting in an unequal division of chromatin.The locus of fiber attachment (acromite) is an integral part of a chromosome and its loss to one homologue causes non-disjunction or other inequalities in the distribution of the chromatin.Supernumerary chromosomes are frequently present in the spermatocytes.Homologues unaccountably sometimes fail to synapse in the descendants of irradiated cells.There is a striking similarity between natural and induced chromosomal aberrations as well as a correlation between the distribution of radioactive minerals and naturally occurring aberrations.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 126
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: S. scalaris (Orthoptera, Truxalinae) from Scotland and Siberia has a diploid complex of seventeen chromosomes (six V-multiples and eleven rods). Each element possesses a polar or proximal granule recognizable throughout all stages of prophase of the first spermatocyte and in all other stages when concentration is not so great as to mask it. In telophase of the first spermatogonial division the polar granules may fuse into a single body or into several irregular bodies (chromoplasts of Eisen and Janssens). By the end of the diatene stage the chromoplast is completely resolved into its component granules which are clearly recognizable as the proximal parts of the rods (ends) and of the multiples (mid-portions). The accessory chromosome is precocious in its behavior and differential in structure at all stages, but its peculiarities are most marked in metaphase of the first spermatocyte where it becomes a non-chromatic vesicle with peripheral granules and chromatic core. Each multiple arises from the permanent fusion of two rod elements. They differ from those in other members of the same sub-family in diakinesis (eight-strand or octad stage) in that proximal concentration extends almost throughout the multiple.
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 127
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Rats in different stages of maturity were castrated in pairs-bilaterally and unilaterally-with respect to the effects upon the epipidymis. The epididymis was also studied during its developmental stages. A special study was made of the mitochondria and Golgi materials; and a comprehensive review of the literature is included.Bilateral castration was followed by a marked regression of functional activity on the part of the epithelial cells of the epididymis. Unilateral castration produced no similar change. The mitochondria-Golgi complex in the epithelial cells of the epididymis was reduced decidedly following bilateral castration; while unilateral castration had no visible effect upon these materials. The mitochondria-Golgi complex increased and decreased in amounts in keeping with the state of secretory activity of the epithelial cells.Golgi nets were found within the lumina of the tubules. Granules within the cells and the tubules were colored with osmic acid, Altmann's anilin acid-fuchsin, iron hematoxylin, or acid fuchsin-orange G. Osmic acid impregnation was removed from granules and nets and Altmann's anilin acid-fuchsin stain put in its place.It is believed that mitochondria and Golgi materials are very similar and furthermore that they are secretory products of the cells. It is also believed that the state of development of the mitochondria-Golgi complex is an indication of the functional state of the epithelial cells of the epididymis.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 128
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 55 (1934), S. 565-565 
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 129
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 55 (1934), S. 577-609 
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: An investigation has been conducted to ascertain the relationship of certain structures in the embryo of the grasshopper known as Melanoplus differentialis with reproductive organs in the adult male.The order of development of these structures was traced through the entire life history.It was determined that they are the rudiments of certain reproductive organs and that the knowledge obtained serves as an aid in more accurately classifying insects.
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 130
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 56 (1934), S. 295-323 
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: The primordia of the thymus bodies in Necturus begin to form in 7-mm. embryos. These structures arise as clumps of entodermal cells on the posterior dorsal portion of the first four visceral pouches; the first or last pouch, being rudimentary, fails to form such a primordium. All except the first of these primordia lose their connection with their respective pouches in the 16-mm. stage and lie free in the surrounding connective tissue. The primordium on the first pouch begins to show degenerative changes during that stage, losing connection with its pouch in the 23-mm. stage, finally to disappear altogether in 30-mm. specimens.The three remaining bodies continue to grow, but the second and third outstrip the fourth in development and begin to form Hassall's corpuscles in 32- to 34-mm. stages. Sections of 30-mm. Necturi show a few of these corpuscles fairly well developed and containing a faintly staining secretion. The fourth body remains relatively small a long time, not showing the Hassallian cysts until the animal is 60 mm. long. By shifting of positions and increasing in size, the three bodies come to lie in proximity, one behind the other, to form the definitive thymus gland of the adult. The gland lies embedded in the heavy musculature on top of the head in front of the gills.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 131
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: The Golgi bodies of the nerve cells of the grasshopper are discrete elements composed of an osmiophilic cortex and an osmiophobic medulla. When seen in face, they appear ring-like, semicircular, or crescentic. The osmiophilic portion is interpreted as the homologue of the classical Golgi apparatus and may under certain conditions be dissolved away, leaving clear spaces homologous to the canalicular apparatus (negative image of Golgi apparatus). When the osmiophilic portion is dissolved, the osmiophobic portion remains as a definite structure which apparently has no homologue in the classical Golgi apparatus. The mitochondria are granular, rod-like, or filamentous and show no transformation into Golgi bodies. Neutral-red bodies (‘vacuome’) of two kinds have been observed, neither of which is a constant preformed structure or has any relationship to the Golgi bodies. Prolongations of the capsule (trophospongium?) of the nerve cell penetrate into the cell approximately one-third the distance to the nucleus. These are interpreted as supportive rather than nutritive in function. A basket-like net of neurofibrillae surrounds the nucleus. It is suggested that the networks described as Golgi apparatus in certain invertebrate nerve cells may really consist of these neurofibrillae.The conclusion of Parat that Golgi material consists either of mitochondria or ‘vacuome’ is rejected. The idea that all structures in the living cell which stain with neutral red (‘vacuome’) are homologous is also rejected.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 132
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Part of the nutriment of metamorphosing glochidia is supplied by the cellular host tissue, bitten by the larvae during attachment. Some of this is taken up piecemeal by the mantle cells and digested intracellularly. The coarse granules that first pack the mantle cells are apparently the precursors of a digestive secretion, some of which escapes into the mantle cavity. Here it also causes the prompt dissolution of additional utilizable host tissue.Another source of nutriment is furnished by the provisional larval adductor muscle which undergoes degenerative changes in situ, then fragments, and finally is carried away bit by bit by amoeboid cells. These turn over their muscle content to the larval mantle, where the particles are further reduced beyond recognition. The mantle remnant itself is finally sacrificed and doubtless becomes an additional source of nutriment.The gut serves as an organ of nutrition throughout the last two-thirds of the parasitic period. It appears to admit and digest pieces of the adductor muscle and certain unidentified particulate matter. In addition, the gut, like the definitive mantle and other organs, doubtless absorbs tissue transudate from the host.Special vascularization of the host tissue to facilitate the passage of nutriment from host to parasite does not occur, yet there is no reason to doubt that an appreciable part of the larval nutrition results from transuding tissue juices.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 133
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: A study was made of the development of the suprarenal gland of the chick with reference to the following points: 1) Topographical relationship of the sympathetic cell masses to the cortical cords, and to the sympathetic nervous system. 2) Cytological differentiation of the sympathetic cells.The migrating indifferent sympathetic cells, although becoming generally distributed over the medial surface of the cortical ridge, form a series of more prominent aggregations at certain definite loci. These aggregations are the rudiments of two longitudinal ganglionic chains, which develop from the sixth to the seventh day. Around and between the ganglionic rudiments the indifferent cell groups become penetrated by sympathetic fibers from the ganglionic rudiments as well as by fibers of sympathoblasts which develop from indifferent cells of the sympathetic-chromaffine complex. At the same time multipolar sympathetic cells lying between the cortical cords and processes to the tracts developing between the ganglia on the surface of the cortical ridge.Differentiation of ‘chromaffine cells’ from indifferent cells of the aggregations begins during the eighth day, after a profuse innervation of the rudiments has been established. Differentiation is evidenced by the appearance of cytoplasmic granules, and by the appearance of the ‘chromaffine reaction.’ The possible bearing of the innervation of the indifferent cell aggregations upon their differentiation and upon their penetration of the cortical bodies is discussed.
    Zusätzliches Material: 5 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 134
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Glochidial cysts on the gills of immune fishes form in the same manner as normal ones, but they tend to grow larger and become more irregular. The increased thickness is due to additional cellular connective tissue in the wall. The gill tissue indicates the existing biological incompatibility only by the presence of eosinophiles, extruded chromatin spherules, and eosinophilic plastids.In natural, or racial immunity many glochidia are promptly destroyed by cytolysis, accompanied by an invasion of host cells. These disintegrating glochidia may occur in close proximity to unaffected glochidia and apparently are merely less resistant individuals that succumb to a critically adjusted reaction.In both natural and acquired immunity the normal retention of glochidia and the accompanying metamorphosis are replaced by premature shedding. After the first day, the cyst thins by the removal of stroma cells back into the filament until the wall is reduced to a thin envelope. Both intact and destroyed glochidia, and apparently their cyst coverings, are sloughed at about the second day. Repair of the resulting notched filament is prompt.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 135
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Posterior regeneration in Tubifex is inhibited by suitable radiation with x-rays. Only a small knob is formed at the cut surface by rearrangement of the terminal region of the old body tissues. Location of the cut within the segment and repeated removals of segments within the posterior three-fourths of the body do not change this result. The worms are as though ‘castrated’ against regeneration. Normal worms regenerate readily under similar conditions and replace lost segments within thirty-five days. Mesodermal tissues in normal regenerating Tubifex are formed from neoblasts, which arise from peritoneal cells upon the posterior faces of septa near the cut, migrate to this wound surface, and differentiate into new structures. After radiation no neoblasts arise from peritoneal cells and there is no mesodermal regeneration. No changes, other than failure to form neoblasts, can be observed in the peritoneal cells. Migrating neoblasts are destroyed within a few hours by similar radiation.Epithelial tissues are also affected by x-rays, as shown by absence of mitoses and failure of regeneration in ectodermal and endodermal epithelia. During normal regeneration cells which form these epithelia and certain muscle fibers arise by proliferation from the epidermis and intestinal lining in the regenerating region, as shown by numerous mitoses in these layers. Failure of regeneration in radiated worms is thus related to lack of cells which are present in normal regeneration.
    Zusätzliches Material: 7 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 136
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 53 (1932), S. 523-591 
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: The cytoplasm of the ova of ten species of insects, distributed among the Hemiptera, Coleoptera, Hymenoptera, Diptera, Orthoptera, and Neuroptera, has been studied. The Golgi bodies and chondriosomes were traced. They increase in number by fragmentation, but whether they may also arise de novo was not determined. They play no visible part in the formation of yolk or fat or any other structures or substances. Fat and yolk apparently arise independently in the cytoplasm. Vacuoles, which may stain with neutral red, may be present, but they are independent of the Golgi bodies. There is no vacuome in the sense in which Parat and others use the term. The Golgi bodies and chondriosomes are interpreted as substances rather than structures and as intermediate products of metabolism. Other bodies of unknown nature and function are present. The yolk nucleus of Gelastocoris is interpreted as a synthetic center.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 137
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 54 (1932) 
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 138
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 54 (1932), S. 153-160 
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: The breeding season of Chaetopleura apiculata begins about June 20th to June 25th and continues until about October 1st. Spawning takes place in the early evening, 8 to 11 O'clock. The cleavage and early development are strikingly similar to that of Ischnochiton as described by Heath, and is typically molluscan. The egg is enclosed in a bristly chorion from which it hatches after twenty-five to thirty hours. The larva is a large opaque trochophore which gradually transforms into a veliger larva by the development of the shell and foot. It settles to the bottom and metamorphoses into the adult form after six to ten days. It becomes sexually mature in one year and is full grown in three or four years, when it measures 29 × 18 mm. or less.
    Zusätzliches Material: 7 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 139
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 54 (1932), S. 197-220 
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: The previously reported diploid number of forty chromosomes has been verified; the sex chromosomes have been shown to exist early in the growth period and to be of the X-Y type; and a chromosome-nucleolus has been described in the resting stage of the primary spermatocytes which persists throughout synapsis and divides at the time of diakinesis into two parts that are equal in size and are thought to be the largest pair of autosomes. The diakinetic bivalents have been described rather fully. These are short and heavy and assume a great variety of shapes, the most characteristic of which are ring, V, Y, cross, and hexagonal. The union of bivalents during diakinesis has been shown to be an intimate one; in every instance first chromomere unites with first chromomere or third chromomere with third chromomere. This is considered to be significant evidence of the allelomorphism of chromomeres in mammals.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 140
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Observations of earlier workers concerning the limited region from which anterior regeneration will occur in Tubifex and the reduced number of segments formed were confirmed in control worms used in these experiments. Only three anterior segments are replaced when as many as twelve are removed. Regeneration is completed within 18 days.Removal of anterior segments from worms that have received 9000 (r) units exposure to x-rays is not followed by regeneration. The wound heals rapidly and worms have been kept in laboratory 70 days without further change. Longitudinal sect ons of injured ends show that the epidermis and muscle layers extend across the wound surface to completely close the body cavity. The intestine retracts slightly and heals to form a blind tube. No mitotic figures appear in cells of this region and there is no evidence of regeneration.In control worms material for formation of the cerebral ganglia and new epidermis arises by proliferation of epidermal cells. The new pharynx arises from the region of the old intestine adjacent to the wound surface. The muscle layers of the body wall and pharynx in new segments are apparently formed by migration of cells from the old muscle elements about the margin of the wound area. No neoblasts were observed in anterior migration or in the process of formation upon adjacent septa in any of the worms.
    Zusätzliches Material: 8 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 141
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 54 (1933) 
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 142
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 54 (1933), S. 429-449 
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: The rudimentary copulatory organ of chickens was first observed as a phallic knob in 6-day embryos. This phallic knob enlarged similarly in both male and female embryos up to the twelfth day: from the twelfth to the seventeenth day it was distinguished by a large process in the males and a diminishing process in the females. Further differentiation took place from the eighteenth to the twenty-first days: some females lacked the porcess, others retained a smaller process than that of the male. As growth advance, fewer females retained the process until at 12 weeks of age it had entirely disappeared. The process was found in all males and showed no retrogression, whereas the few capons examined lacked it. A ridge-shaped ‘pseudo’ process developed at about 1 week in some females and was present up to 3 weeks of age. Histologically and embryologically, the process was seen to possess some characteristics of a penis. The cloacal method of sex determination might be used with an average maximum accuracy of about 90 per cent in living day-old chicks.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 143
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 54 (1933), S. 521-547 
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: The sex cycles of a chimpanzee were studied for 18 months, during which the animal matured, menstruated four times, conceived, and delivered.Pronounced swelling of the ano-genital region appeared periodically prior to the first menstruation. During menstrual cycles the swelling endured during most of the period between flows. Genital swelling was always accompanied by estrus; copulation and insemination never occurred during its absence.The animal was alert and active when in estrus, demonstrated non-sexual affection for the male just prior to the flow, and appeared to be physically distressed during the first days of each flow.There were periodic weight changes coordinated with the animal's menstrual cycles.During pregnancy menstruation ceased, but genital swelling, with accompanying sexual receptivity, continued in irregular cycles.Cyclic changes in the desquamation of the vaginal epithelium occurred during menstrual cycles, were absent during pregnancy.The gestation period was approximately 246 days. At death from puerperal sepsis, 15 days after delivery, the ovaries were in a restin stage, one of them bearing a degenerating corpus luteum.The evidence given indicates that sex-skin swelling and estrus are similarly controlled, but may occur independently of menstruation, cornification of the vaginal epithelium, or ovulation.
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 144
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 55 (1933), S. 1-13 
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: The molluscan genus Indoplanorbis is shown to differ markedly from all other members of the family Planorbidae in the generative complex, the vas deferens being encased in a long, flexible tube in which it is freely movable. The preputium of the male complex is shown to be completely evertible from the male opening and to act as a male copulatory organ. The presence of a single, heavy penial retractor innervated by an equally strong nerve is indicated. Comparisons are made with the genitalia of the European Coretus and the American Helisoma showing fundamental differences in the generative apparatus of the three groups. Indoplanorbis is most closely related to Coretus, the vas deferens of that group being also encased in a tube. Helisoma differs from both of these genera, the vas deferens not being encased in a tube and is of the same diameter throughout its length.
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 145
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 55 (1933), S. 119-129 
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: The vascular channels and sinuses of this trematode contain three varieties of cells: eosinophilic granulocytes, primitive hemocytoblasts (‘amebocytes’), and modified hemocytoblasts. The latter suggest a specialized blood corpuscle, but represent apparently only a stage in the dissolution of intravascular hemocytoblasts. These ‘corpuscles’ have the form of flattened lenticular discs, approximately 12 μ in diameter. The eosinophils differentiate extravascularly from hemocytoblasts. The hemocytoblasts are in part free parenchymal cells, in part they arise from a bilaterally paired ‘lymphogenous organ’ or ‘blood island’ associated with the lateral vascular channels at the level where the ceca diverge from the esophagus.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 146
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 49 (1930), S. 385-413 
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: The structure of the living blood cells is described and the cells are classified in the following species of ascidians: Phallusia nigra, Ecteinascidia turbinata, Clavelina oblongata, Symplegma viride. Evidence for the genetio relationship of the various types of cells is discussed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 147
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 49 (1930), S. 455-507 
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: The history of the cytoplasmic components in the spermatogenesis of Gerris is, in general, like that which has been described in the Pentatomidae. The observations of fixed material have been checked by extensive studies of freshly teased preparations. During the spermatocyte growth period the chondriosomes undergo considerable increase in mass. During the maturation divisions the chondriosomes are remarkably constant in orientation with respect to the centrioles. The nebenkern arises by fusion of chondriosomes differentiated into chromophilic and chromophobic portions. The Golgi bodies of the earlier spermatocytes are vesicular bodies, the peripheries of which are osmiophilic. These are not visible in fresh preparations, but the masses resulting from their fusion in the late prophase of the first division are visible in the unfixed cells. The non-osmiophilic material inside these masses stains with neutral red in fresh preparations. Only the osmiophilic part of the Golgi masses is involved in the fragmentation to form dictyosomes. There is very suggestive evidence that the process of acrosome synthesis largely takes place inside the sac-like acroblast (Golgi apparatus). In the spermatid, material which stains, in fresh preparations, like the acroblast is never seen, except inside or attached to the acroblast, where it appears in the form of small spheres of ‘pro-acrosomic’ material, which fuse to form the acrosome.
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 148
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 49 (1930), S. 579-619 
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Haemichromis bimaculata is a tropical teleost fish which will produce eggs practically throughout the year at intervals of from three to four weeks. These eggs are of suitable size and character for embryological study, the features of special interest so far discovered being as follows: (1) The egg is oval; (2) it is attached to a substratum by its side, the blastopore being at one end; (3) the embryo always tends to develop along the side opposite that originally next to the substratum.Results obtained by reorienting the eggs previous to cleavage, and by centrifuging them, seem to show that the relation of the embryonic axis to the egg is determined either previous to laying or very soon afterward, possibly by the relation to the substratum, and is not subsequently affected by gravity or other known factors. There may be some tendency for the first cleavage plane and the sagittal plane of the embryo to coincide, but such coincidence is not at all constant or exact.
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 149
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 50 (1930), S. 127-142 
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Color changes in Palaemonetes had been found to be inhibited in the whole abdomen by occluding the dorsal abdominal artery. Inasmuch as these chromatic responses are brought about by means of circulating hormones, it should be possible, in view of early anatomical findings, for specific substances to reach the abdomen by way of the ventral abdominal artery which has been described for so many decapod crustaceans. This paper reports a degenerate ventral abdominal artery and a ventral continuation of the dorsal abdominal artery, the latter thus being distributed to practically the entire abdomen and therefore chiefly responsible for abdominal color-change phenomena.A method is given for injecting the arteries of small crustaceans, and the entire arterial system of Palaemonetes is described and figured. Several hitherto unreported vascular structures are noted: a plexus of blood vessels surrounding the supra-oesophageal ganglion, certain branches of the ophthalmic artery leading to the eyes, and various branches of the dorsal abdominal artery in the region of the telson and uropods. The forward flow of blood in the ventral portion of the abdomen in decapod crustaceans is held to be unique.
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 150
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 50 (1930) 
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 151
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Histological changes which occur in the digestive system and its appendages and in the muscular system of the honeybee during metamorphosis are described. Some attention is given to changes which take place in the fat-body, the silk-glands, and the reproductive system. Material of known ages was used. Observations began with the sealing of the larva in its cell and were concluded with the young bee ready to emerge from its cell. Soon after the larva is sealed in its cell, the body tissues begin to undergo a change. Larval epithelial cells lining the midgut are cast into the lumen and they are replaced by cells which proliferate from the imaginal or ‘replacement’ cells. In the fore- and hindgut the lining of the larval cells is replaced by imaginal cells whose points of origin are probably at the anterior and posterior ends, respectively, of the midgut. While the imaginal lining is being formed, the opening from the midgut into the hindgut is closed by a small portion of tissue. A part of the larval muscles are histolyzed and then re-formed from imaginal myoblasts, other larval muscles disappear entirely. The strictly imaginal muscles (e.g., leg muscles) are formed by myoblasts which congregate at the point of muscle formation. There is no evidence of phagocytosis in the honeybee during metamorphosis.
    Zusätzliches Material: 10 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 152
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 50 (1930), S. 341-359 
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: The growth of chick embryos of heavy and light breeds and the reciprocal crosses between them is described. The embryos of the heavier breed and the hybrids were found to be somewhat heavier than the embryos of the lighter breed from the tenth day of incubation to hatching time. In eggs of the same weight from the two breeds the size difference tends to disappear toward hatching time, probably due to the equivalence of the strictly limited food supply. It is pointed out that the size difference is more probably due to difference in the proportion of cells dividing at a given time than to a difference in duration of mitoses.The mortality of the hybrid embryos was intermediate between that characteristic of the parent breeds, while the percentage of monsters in the hybrids was less than that for either parent breed. There is thus some indication of heterosis.
    Zusätzliches Material: 6 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 153
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 50 (1930), S. 475-495 
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Four species of iceryine coccids have been studied cytologically in connection with certain breeding experiments. These are Icerya littoralis, Icerya montserratensis, Echinicerya anomola, and Crypticerya rosae. For the three first-named species the complete chromosomal history has been established, and the evidence on the fourth, Crypticerya rosae, is sufficient to indicate that it differs in no essential respect from the others. The following résumé may, therefore, be considered to apply to all four species. The females are diploid, with a chromosome number of four, and the males are haploid, with a chromosome number of two. Oogenesis proceeds quite normally; two tetrads are formed and two maturation divisions occur in which the chromosomes are reduced to two in each female pronucleus. All eggs undergo this reduction: if the eggs are then fertilized, the diploid number is thus restored and development into females ensues; if the eggs remain unfertilized, whether in the body of a virgin or of a fertilized female, they develop parthenogenetically, with no restoration of diploidy, into haploid males. The spermatogenesis of the haploid males involves a single meiotic division, demonstrably equational in character; the accompanying cytoplasmic division is suppressed, and from each of the binucleate spermatids thus produced two spermatozoa are formed. These conditions are contrasted with the functional hermaphroditism and haploid parthenogenesis of Icerya purchasi.
    Zusätzliches Material: 5 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 154
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 50 (1930), S. 569-611 
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: This study is based upon a close series of ontogenetic stages from cleavage until after metamorphosis.The so-called primordial germ cells, first differentiated in the lateral mesoderm, are traced to a definitive position in the genital anlagen. Careful counts of these demonstrated that they exist in larger numbers in the younger stages and that few of them ever reach the genital anlagen where they may form a small portion of the propagative cells.Evidence is presented that the majority of the germ cells are of somatic origin. From the earliest appearance of the indifferent gonad certain cells in the germinal epithelium have been observed which were increasing markedly in size and undergoing the various changes necessary in the transformation of small cuboidal or spindle-shaped peritoneal cells with oval nuclei into large germ cells with immense polymorphic or lobate nuclei. These cells are abundant in all older individuals. All the successive stages in the evolution of a somatic cell into a reproductive cell, involving as it does an increase in size, changes in shape, and a new distribution of chromatin material, are demonstrated.
    Zusätzliches Material: 28 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 155
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 49 (1930), S. 355-383 
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: The breeding season of Bugula flabellata extends from June 10th to November 15th. The young embryos develop in brood pouches (ovicells) and are finally expelled from the colony as swimming embryos. They come from the colonies at dawn or early morning. After a free-swimming period of four to six hours, each larva becomes attached and after a profound metamorphosis which involves the loss of larval organs, it develops into the bryozoan colony by budding.The larvae at first are positive to light, but become negative before attachment. Their behavior is described in detail and the mode of attachment is explained.After the larva has become attached a period of rapid growth by budding ensues. The rate of growth is given in a table in which it is shown that the first individual of the colony is completed in two days and that a new series of buds is formed every two days. There are eight or ten individuals after one week and over a hundred in two weeks. In one month the colony is half-grown and becomes sexually mature. A colony becomes senescent in three months, when it measures 112 to 134 inches in diameter.Younger colonies hibernate successfully and resume growth in early May, when new polypides are formed.
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 156
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 49 (1930), S. 139-151 
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: In Trichamoeba sp two types of inclusions are recognized on the basis of reaction to vital dyes and tomethods of osmic and silver impregnation. Globular inclusions, which are stained selectively with neutral red, may be blackened under direct observation by exposure to osmic vapor in hanging-drop preparations and demonstrated by osmic and silver impregnation. Rod-like and granular mitochondria, stainable vitally with Janus green, may be distinguished from the neutral-red globules in preparations stained with a mixture of Janus green and neutral red, and are demonstrated by Regaud's chondriosome method.
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 157
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 49 (1930), S. 223-249 
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: During the course of a hydrobiological survey of Monterey Bay, California, a series of pelagic organisms was taken at a depth of approximately 350 M., which appears to be a link connecting the Echiuroidea (Gephyrea armata) on the one hand and the polychaetes on the other. The range in body length is from 5 mm. to 27 mm.; and in an extended condition the anterior end of the body, with its palps and cirri, bears a close resemblance to a nereid. The supra-oesophageal ganglia and the ventral nerve cord, with eleven pairs of ganglia, are also strikingly annelidan in character. On the other hand, the spacious coelom, communicating with the exterior by a pair of anterior nephridia, allies it with the gephyreans. The same is likewise true of the gonad, which arises from the coelomic epithelium surrounding the genital vessel. The various systems are described in detail, and their resemblances to those of other annelids are indicated. This new species, Poeobius meseres, is made the representative of a new family, the Poeobiidae, which, provisionally at least, is included in the Echiuroidea.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 158
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 49 (1930), S. 277-331 
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: The entire ovary, including its germ cells, is produced by a local proliferation of peritoneal cells. The germ cells of the embryonic ovary grow, divide, become grouped into nests, pass through synaptic changes, and become primary follicles by three days after birth. At that time, growth of all the ova and follicles begins, and this results in a normal maturation, then a degeneration of all the ova by about thirty-two days after birth; few, if any, of the original germ cells remain after this degeneration. About twenty-three days after birth, there begins a great activity of the germinal epithelium in forming new ova, reaching its maximum between thirty-six and thirty-nine days, but continuing into the adult animal.The definitive ova of the adult are transformed peritoneal (germinal epithelial) cells formed anew during the late youthful and adult life. This occurs chiefly by a local enlargement of single germinal epithelial cells which become surounded by follicle cells and push into the ovary; there is also the production of ova from ingrowing cords of the surface layer of the ovary. The original germ cells pass through synapsis and other meiotic changes in late embryonic and early postnatal periods, but these all degenerate; synapsis cannot be distinguished later than three days after birth. But it is possible to follow, in young and adult ovaries, the transforming germinal epithelial cells into ova which pass through normal maturation and ovulation; therefore, these must be considered as true ova, which they are in fact, even though synapsis cannot be observed in their history.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 159
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 49 (1930), S. 509-541 
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Spining in Galleria begins shortly after hatching and continues throughout larval life. The gland cells secrete continuously, irrespective of the act of spinning.The nucleus plays a direct and an importnat rôle in silk secretion by the migration of nucleoli into the cytoplasm, where they enlarge and synthesize a fatty material in the center; the fatty material is transformed into a non-soluble basophllic substance, which then changes into the secretory product in its final form. The processes of converting the fat into non-soluble substance and of converting the latter into the secretory product progress inwardly from the periphery of each secretory body. The secretory bodies or masses of secretory material break up into smaller and smaller masses and eventually into a fine dispersed state before their entrance into the lumen of the gland.The mitochondria are granular in the cells of the conductive portion and filamentous in those of the reservoir and secretory portions of the gland. In the secretory portion they are orientated with the long axis toward the gland lumen. Their rǒle in silk secretion is negligible or at most a minor one.The Golgi apparatus is in the form of discrete ring- and half-ring-shaped bodies and remains so during all stages of secretion. If it plays any rǒle in silk secretion, the fact has not been detected by the author.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 160
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: A survey is made of the literature pertaining to lymph systems of the various groups of trematodes in which they occur, together with descriptions of the lymph systems in several forms not previously studied. The author reports the presence of a lymph system in two families, Cyclocoelidae and Heronimidae, which heretofore were considered to be without such organs, and the significance of this characteristic feature of certain trematodes is discussed as bearing on the problem of the evolution of monostomes, amphistomes, and other distomes. The gross morphology and the histology of the structural units of the system are described for Paramphistomum stunkardi, an amphistome from a fish, and for Diplodiscus temporatus, an amphistome from an amphibian, together with observations on the ramifications and structural components of the system in Cotylophoron cotylophorum. Various theoretical considerations concerning the development, function, and taxonomic and phylogenetic significance are treated on the basis of the morphology of the system and its resemblance to certain components of the vascular system of higher forms. The lymph system in trematodes is the natural starting-point in any study of the phylogenetic development of vascular systems.
    Zusätzliches Material: 15 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 161
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 50 (1930), S. 193-208 
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: The retina of Phrynosoma cornutum bears fovea, pecten, and many varieties of cones. The light band visible in fresh retinae beneath the slit of the eyelid corresponds to a zone of action current responses characterized by a low ‘B’ rise (negative response of Chaffee.) The lack of response from pecten and fovea is due to leakage and failure to tap ganglionic fibers.Relief maps for ‘on’ and ‘off’ effects of the ‘B’ rise were prepared.Diagrams of retinal response in cross-sections were compared with corresponding curves showing density of cone distribution. In general, the height of response is inversely proportional to the density of cone distribution.The potential change due to photochemical reaction in the average rod is on the order of 23 billionths of a volt for the ‘on’ effect and 11 billionths of a volt for the ‘off’ effect.
    Zusätzliches Material: 10 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 162
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Number of chromosomes is 13 (♂) and 14 (♀), the same as in biparentally produced relatives. In diploid groups from partheno-produced individuals homologous chromosomes tend to lie together, as ‘doubles’ or separated but near each other. In biparentally produced individuals they have as marked a tendency to lie in oppósite halves of the plate. Chromosomes of an individual tend to persist in the same position from cell to cell in the partheno-produced, with homologues side by side arranged about one center; in the biparentally produced, with seven single members arranged about each of two centers. In the partheno-produced the cells of younger animals, or of the earlier stages of organs in older animals, have a larger proportion of ‘double’ chromosomes or closely associated homologues.These conditions suggest that the partheno-produced individual arises from an egg with a single pronucleus in which there were seven ‘double’ or diad-like chromosomes, and the biparentally produced from an egg with two pronuclei, each with seven ‘single’ chromosomes. The paired position of homologues in Diptera may be due to synapsis-like tendencies in early cleavage, either as ‘hang-over’ effects from the preceding meioses or a different type of synapsis mechanism in Diptera. Partheno-produced male tettigids may be accounted for through non-disjunction among the four parts of the sex tetrad.
    Zusätzliches Material: 6 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 163
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 53 (1932) 
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 164
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 53 (1932), S. 189-199 
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: This paper describes ultraviolet (λ = 2750 A) photomicrographs of resting and dividing chicken macrophages and fibroblasts and of erythrocytes and lymphocytes. The structures found in these photographs are compared with the ones brought out in fixed material by Feulgen staining and found to be essentially similar in appearance. A preliminary series of ultraviolet pictures is also shown of a single fibroblast passing through several of its stages of division.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 165
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: A simply constructed apparatus, which includes a cinema camera, is described for the recording of ciliary movements. From data for Modiolus demissus obtained by this method, it is concluded that the coordinating impulse is a propagated impulse which regulates the temporal and spatial relationships of ciliary contractility, that this impulse has to a certain degree a determinant effect upon ciliary inhibitory influences so that the area rendered inactive is a multiple of the ciliary wave length, that the coordinating impulse is transmissible through cells bearing quiescent cilia, and that it may act as a stimulus of sufficient strength actually to cause quiescent cilia to become active.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 166
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 53 (1932), S. 433-441 
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Reviews the question of the origin of the midgut of insects with its diverse appearances and interpretations. Without doubt the midgut epithelium in some insects is derived from the lower layer, but in other insects from the tips of the stomodaeal and proctodaeal invaginations. The question of its origin seems to be “a function of the position within the whole,” and best understood from a standpoint of the time of determination of the parts involved. Maps illustrating the prospective significances of the principal types are included and discussed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 167
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Experimental studies on the responses to light in Mya arenaria L. indicate that photosensitive tissue is located somewhere near the inner surface of the siphon and that the siphon is sensitive throughout its entire length.A histological study of the siphon shows cells of a special type in the photosensitive region, which are most abundant where the inner surface of the siphon is most sensitive. They are found throughout the length of the siphon, just beneath the inner epithelial layer, around both the incurrent and excurrent siphons. They receive nerve elements from branches of sixteen large nerves.Each cell contains a characteristic inner structure, the optic organelle, composed of a rather large hyaline structure, the lens, which is surrounded by a network of nerve fibrillae, the retinella. Light rays, reflected from a flat mirror through the lens in these cells, are brought to a focus in the region of the retinella, irrespective of the direction of the rays.The cells are similar in structure and function to visual cells in leeches and photoreceptors in the earthworm. Available data indicate that they function as photoreceptors and that the fibrillae of the retinella are direct receptors of light stimuli.Pigment spots found in considerable number on the distal third of the siphon, and thought by some to be eyespots, are, owing to simulation of the background, probably protective in nature, rather than functional in photoreception.
    Zusätzliches Material: 7 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 168
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 49 (1930), S. 415-453 
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: The male and female germ cells of Polygra appressa were found occurring together in the acini from the time the snails were 5 mm. in width onward, and their development traced backward to the gonial stage, in which the aspect of the female cells, present in small numbers in the acinus wall, and the male cells, in greater numbers in the lumen, seems identical.In oocytes, differentiation involves the enormous increase in volume of cell, nucleus, and plasmosome; the appearance of yolk and of a secondary nucleolus attached to the first one, and, in some cells, various other nucleoli, attached to the chromosomes. Meanwhile the chromosomes become diffuse and spread into the interior of the nucleus, finally condensing again on the periphery. The employment of various technical methods produced interesting variations in the aspect of oocyte chromatin and nucleoli.The appearance of the Nebenkern in spermatocytes during the growth period was noted, but no indication of its presence discovered in oocytes until the fairly late growth period.The chromosome forms were noted in spermatogonia, first spermatocytes and oocytes, and their numbers found to be 61 63, 31, and 31, respectively, but no clear dividing oogonia were found, on which similar observations could be made.
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 169
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 50 (1930), S. 71-126 
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: An extensive survey of the anatomy of the endolymphatic organ (i.e., endolymphatic sac and duct) has been made on thirty-four species of amphibians.1The histological structure is similar throughout the group; the sac being formed of cubical cells, which grade into the columnar cells of the duct. A part or the whole of the duct is formed of peculiar ‘ependyma-like’ cells.2The organ typically arises from the sacculus, extends to the endolymphatic foramen by which it enters the endocranial cavity. Here the sac-like expansion of the organ lies in the extradural space.3Six morphological types of endolymphatic organ may be recognized in the Amphibia.4The development of the endolymphatic organ of four of these types has been followed. The structure in each case may be considered to have reached its definitive condition at the time of metamorphosis.5The types of sac structure cannot be readily correlated with any habit of the animals possessing them.6A discussion is given of the homology, comparative morphology, and function of the organ throughout vertebrates.
    Zusätzliches Material: 28 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 170
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 50 (1930), S. 259-293 
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: A study of the development of the ear of the common dogfish from the 3.5-mm. stage to the adult, with a brief review of the literature and comparison with related forms.The study includes the following topics: First indications of vesicles. The beginning of specialization. The separation of component structures. The sensory epithelium. The structure of the adult ear, including a description of the sensory areas, the innervation, the lagena.The position of the future canals is first indicated in 15- to 20-mm. stages. The sacculus and utriculus were first noted in the 22-mm. stage. Complete separation of the canals, the sacculus, utriculus, the recessus utriculus, and the lagena has occurred by the time the 33-mm. stage is reached. Definite innervation of the ampullae is found at this stage.The article contains twenty-seven figures; eight of them are drawings made from wax reconstructions of various stages.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 171
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 55 (1933) 
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 172
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 55 (1933), S. 29-51 
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: This article is an account of the complete musculature of an adult Neuropteran insect, Chrysopa plorabunda. Previous anatomical discussions on this order of insects include only a few of the muscles of the head and thoracic regions, while those of the abdomen are entirely lacking. The muscles here described include those of the head, thorax, and abdomen. The origin, insertion, and function of each muscle is given. The boundaries of several of the sclerites, especially those of the labium, are located by the observations on the musculature of these parts. The meso- and metathoracic wings are of the same size and for that reason the muscles of these regions are very much alike. The prothorax is greatly elonated, causing the muscles of that region to differ to a greater or less degree from the ‘general rule’ in insects. The abdominal muscles may be arranged in the several groups generally found in insects. In several cases, however, both the origin and insertion of the muscle have been shifted to accompany changes which have taken place in the abdominal segmentation. All of the muscles are shown in the four plates containing nineteen figures which accompany the text.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 173
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 55 (1933), S. 137-149 
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Mid-dorsal protective hair-shafts from forty-five species of Soricidae were studied with the object of investigating the relation between the differences in certain microscopic structural elements and the diameters of the shafts in which they were developed, and the possible occurrence of specific characters in these elements. In comparing like portions of like hair-shafts, it was found that scale- and medulla-forms were related (with slight variations within their form-groups) to the diameters of the hair-shafts in which they were developed. It is possible that further study of these slight variations may show them to be associated with the species bearing the hair.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 174
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: This investigation consists of an extensive histological study of a special strain of abnormal x-rayed mice, in an attempt to determine the embryonic origin and development of certain congenital abnormalities that are hereditary.The study shows that development of the x-rayed strain is normal up to the thirteenth day after insemination, after which pathological structures appear in the form of blebs, hematomas, and thrombi. As a result of the formation of the blebs and hematomas a general condition is set up within the embryo which resembles that of thrombosis. The thrombi when formed exert a mechanical effect by crowding out the normal tissue. A chemical effect is also produced by the blood cells and fluid extravasated from the thrombus which penetrate into the forming tissues resulting in their perverted development. Thus the thrombi are the immediate factors causing the various regions of the body to be deformed.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 175
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 55 (1933), S. 207-251 
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: The Goodeidae are a family of cyprinodonts containing about nine genera and twenty-six species. They are confined exclusively to the Mexican Plateau and to streams in the immediate vicinity. All are viviparous. Fertilization is internal. The eggs are extremely small and contain very little yolk. The embryos are retained in the ovarian follicles until the yolk is practically absorbed, in the meantime developing unique absorptive organs in the form of extensive ribbon-shaped proctodaeal processes. The embryos are evacuated into the intra-ovarian cavity where they are retained for several weeks, during which time the proctodaeal processes become extended. The ovary becomes a nutritive organ and produces secretions which are discharged into the intra-ovarian cavity and absorbed by the embryo through their unique processes. The processes differ in form, number, and histological structure, but are specific in their peculiarities for each species. These specific differences, together with marked differences in the ovary, will furnish a basis for a re-classification of the genera and species of the family. A comparison in made between this family and the other ovo-viviparous and viviparous cyprinodonts, on the basis of which it is concluded that the Goodeidae have arisen separately from an ovo-viviparous ancestor, which in turn was derived from an ovo-viviparous type. A comparison is also made between the peculiarities of reproduction in this family and those of other viviparous teleosts.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 176
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 51 (1931), S. 309-318 
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: This investigation was made to demonstrate the direction of the current of a perfusing fluid (hence that of blood in nature) inside the so-called [renal-portal] vein of birds and to determine if this vein has any fine capillaries in the kidney substance. A domesticated male duck was anaesthetized with ether, and a warm saline (mixed with a little urea and urine) was passed through the aorta. The [renal-portal] vein was also perfused with the same fluid through the left internal iliac vein. At first the kidneys actively secreted semisolid urine, but gradually the strength of the latter varied from a milky to a watery fluid.Later, a warm carmine solution was perfused through the left internal iliac vein, and the path of the dye could be easily traced along the whole length of the left renal afferent (left [renal-portal] vein) and its final exit through the postcaval vein. The posterior lobe of the left kidney was partially tinged with red, probably due to diffusion, since the kidney substance should have taken a uniform red hue if there was any definite capillary system. The coccygeomesenteric vein contained no dye.These results (coupled with actual caliber measurements of the two [renal-portal] veins in duck and pigeon examined, the calibers of these veins increasing gradually posteroanteriorly) indicate that: 1) blood flows anteriorly in the [renal-portal] vein; 2) this vein does not break up into capillaries in the kidney substance, but receives larger affluent veins; 3) there is no [renal-portal] system in birds; 4) the urine secreted by birds is always semisolid.
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 177
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 51 (1931), S. 467-525 
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: The general morphological and histological evidence accumulated by this study suggests the following facts: 1Under out-of-door conditions, in the vicinity of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, embryonic development begins at deposition and continues to the middle or late spring, when hatching occurs. The postembryonic development is completed during the summer. Copulation and oviposition occur in the late summer and early fall.2The embryonic development may be divided as follows: aThe prerevolution period, in which the rudiments of organs and systems are formed.bThe early-revolution period, during which the direction of the embryo in the egg is reversed.cThe late-revolation period, or time of yolk circumcrescence and completion of the dorsal wall of the embryo.dThe postrevolution period. comprising development from yolk engulfment to hatching.3The sexes are differentiated during the early- and late-revolution periods.4In the differentiation of the genital rudiments, a) the germ cells are segregated into groups; b) and indifferent mesodermal element grows in among the germ cells of such a group; c) the processes of this cell (the apical cell) form intimate connections with the processes of connective-tissue elements surrounding the germ-cell group; and, d) the covering membrane of the genital rudiment grows in between the various germ-connective-tissue cell groups, completing the rudiment of the follicle.5When the adult condition is reached the testis is functionally differentiated.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 178
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: The segregation of the germ cells is related in time and differentiation to the ectoderm (ventral plate), the inner germ-band layer (lower layer) and the mesenteron (entoderm) rudiments. The inner germ-band layer is formed by invagination of cells from a median blastoporic groove and by cellular proliferations among the invaginating cells and from the median line of the ectoderm immediately caudad of the blastoporic groove. The mesenteron material is derived from inner germ-band layer material associated with the internal ends of the stomodaeum and proctodaeum. The germ cells are segregated from the lateral margins of the abdominal lobe ectoderm in the region of the amnion attachment as segmentation of the abdominal lobe is initiated. They ultimately become separated from the ectoderm cells of the lateral wall and from the amnion and migrate in a passive manner onto the coelomic sacs where they become associated with the inner walls of the sacs. When the coelomic sacs unite the germ cells and the splanchnic wall mesoderm cells form two continuous cell strands from the first to the eighth abdominal segments, inclusive. These strands form the indifferent genital rudiments. An endeavor is made to correlate the segregation of the germ cells in the grasshopper with that of various other insects.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 179
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 56 (1934) 
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 180
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 56 (1934), S. 21-49 
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: The literature relating to the flexor and adductor muscles of the thigh and their nerve supplies, in Sphenodon, the lizards, crocodiles and mammals was correlated and new dissections made of animals belonging to the last three groups. All of these muscles can be traced as individual entities from animal to animal without loss or addition to their number, although splitting may occur. The attachments of the muscles and their relationships to one another and to the two heads of the gastrocnemius are the same in all the reptiles studied. In the mammals one group, including the adductor longus and magnus and the retractor femoralis, has migrated from the tibia between the two heads of the gastrocnemius onto the femur, and another from the ilium onto the vertebrae, the one migration being caused by expansion of the gastrocnemius, and the other by expansion of the gluteal muscles. A new lateral flexor mass has been formed from part of the reptilian ilio tibialis by migration down the fibula. The nerve supplies of the various muscles are not constant when traced from group to group, and it is suggested that a muscle receives its nerve supply from the nerve nearest to it in embryonic development, so that when a muscle has migrated the nerve supply is no longer a reliable guide to its homology.
    Zusätzliches Material: 7 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 181
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Histological studies of testes of both immature and mature individuals show that the peritoneal epithelium does not give up its proliferative capacities with the completion of testis differentiation. Certain regions of the antimesorchial surface retain their activity and continue to contribute cellular elements during testis growth. Stromal cells, germ cells, and sections of or entire seminiferous tubules originate from the peritoneum in the form of cord-like ingrowths. In this form, the proliferations of the germinal epithelium of the testes are similar to and homologous with the continuous proliferations of the germinal epithelium of the ovary.In Sternotherus, both testis and ovary differentiate out of a bisexual primordium in which the deeper parts of the germinal epithelium form an ovarian cortex. Since the germinal epithelium persists as an active part of both ovary and testis, it must be responsive to the same physiological factors of female or male differentiation respectively. It is indifferent sexually and once the direction of sex differentiation is established, the response of the germinal epithelium is in the determined direction. Its activity is then to produce either seminiferous tubules or ovarian follicles, and is directly dependent upon the processes of embryonic sex differentiation and determination.
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 182
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 56 (1934) 
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 183
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 56 (1934), S. 213-229 
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: The conspicuous intracellular fibers (figures of Eberth) which are present in the basal epidermal cells of Rana pipiens and Rana clamitans tadpoles are thought to be connective tissue branches from the corium. They are not believed to represent fused mitochondria as concluded by Saguchi ('13). Their probable function is to furnish support to the basal epidermal cells and to strengthen the connection of the epithelial layer to the corium.It is believed that fully developed tadpole skin, before the period of metamorphosis has begun, consists of only two layers of cells, although there may appear to be more. Each of these layers is believed to be self-maintaining by mitotic division within the individual layer. The basal layer apparently does not furnish cells to the outer layer, nor was any evidence found that the outer layer is sloughed during the larval period.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 184
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 56 (1934), S. 267-293 
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: The results of recent investigations concerning caste determination among termites have been briefly reviewed with emphasis upon the work of Thompson ('17). From examination of new data upon the development of Reticulitermes arenincola Goellner, R. flavipes (Kollar), and R. tibialis Banks, and of Thompson's original R. flavipes material, I am unable to substantiate her claim that the sterile and reproductive castes are separable into two distinct groups at the time of hatching. I could distinguish them first in stadium three and suggest that the second stadium may be a critical period in differentiation. From evidence to date, it must be granted that both intrinsic and extrinsic factors may play a role in the production of castes. The delay in appearance of demonstrable caste differences until the third stadium in the genus Reticulitermes at least admits of an opportunity for extrinsic factors to be effective. Growth and metamorphosis of various structures which ultimately lead to the three differentiated castes have been followed through successive stadia. Gynandromorphs and intercastes among social insects give indication of the physiological and genetic factors influencing both morphological and behavior differences among castes.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 185
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 52 (1931), S. 535-563 
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: A study of cell division in the chick embryo has revealed in striated muscle and in the early stages of all the principal tissues and organs a process, followed by the greater percentage of the dividing nuclei, which resembles amitosis, but is undoubtedly a highly modified form of mitosis. This process is designated ‘modified mitosis’. The belief that this is essentially mitotic rests upon the fact that a number of discrete bodies may be distinguished in the one or two chromatin masses of each nucleus. These masses, or ‘mulberries’, might easily be mistaken for nucleoli or karyosomes were it not that they exhibit division by elongation and constriction. These structures probably represent masses of minute and closely clumped chromosomes in somatic number dividing in a qualitative and a quantitative fashion. As additional evidence there are present between the dividing mulberries exceedingly fine fibers which possibly represent an attempt at spindle fibers. Neither centrosomes nor asters are present, but since, if present, they would have to be of the intranuclear variety (the nuclear membrane never disintegrating) their absence is immaterial. The nucleus divides not by constriction, but by the formation of a nuclear plate. This process of modified mitosis is probably a device which favors the speed of nuclear proliferation necessary to such rapidly growing tissues.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 186
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 53 (1932), S. 1-21 
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Eggs of Melanoplus differentialis, a grasshopper, secured immediately after they had been laid, were placed in a water bath kept at 25°C, and allowed to develop for definite periods. After fixation, the embryos were dissected out of the eggs and drawn. Large numbers of eggs were examined in order to determine the degree of variation under specific conditions. For the stages following revolution, eggs were used in which ‘hibernation’ had been prevented by exposure to low temperatures.
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 187
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 56 (1934), S. 339-359 
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: The effects of vitamin E deficiency in the fowl were observed in Rhode Island Red males over a period of approximately 2 years.Mating experiments showed that after 1 year on the E-free diet all of the males were capable of fertilizing ova, but that after 2 years some of the males were sterile.Sperm smears showed that shortly after the beginning of the experiment, many of the mature spermatozoa exhibited an abnormal condition of the nuclear material of the head, while others remained normal.In histological sections of the testes made at the end of the 2 years, conditions varied from almost normal to complete atrophy, the latter being a condition that has already been described in the male mammal. Moreover, the conditions in any given section were not uniform for even in an advanced stage of E deficiency there were small islands of apparently normal tissue. However, in this case, as in the mammal, the process of degeneration affects the mature sperm cells first and gradually works to the outside of the seminiferous tubule thus attacking the youngest maturation stages last.The results of the experiment point definitely to destruction of the testis under prolonged E-deficient conditions but it is also quite apparent that the testis of the fowl is extremely resistant to vitamin E deficiency.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 188
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 56 (1934), S. 157-179 
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Two features of this study have furnished direct evidence for the material continuity and individuality of the chromosomes in the epithelial cells of the larvae of Ambystoma tigrinum (1) the tracing of the complete history of a specific chromosome, the nucleolus-containing chromosome, throughout the successive stages of mitosis and interkinesis, (2) the following of the exact parallelism in behavior (during mitosis) of the chromosomes in a given nuclear group with that in a single chromosome which has been isolated in the cytoplasm from the main chromosomal complex.Each of the two nucleoli is subterminally located in the short arm of one of two particular V-shaped chromosomes. The latter are probably homologues.78: In this subterminal chromosomal position the nucleolus exhibits in fixed and stained preparations an achromatic character in late prophase, metaphase, anaphase and early telophase, while it presents itself as a chromatic element in middle telophase, late telophase, interkinesis and early prophase.The nucleolus is not a simple homogeneous body, but rather a complex structure, the nature of which is revealed in the study of its evolution during the chromatic phase of its cycle in mitosis.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 189
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 56 (1934), S. 203-212 
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: The skull, mandible, and five pairs of long bones from the skeletons of 125 muskrats were weighed and measured. Each bone of the pairs of long bones was weighed and measured separately. Thirteen dimensions of the skull were determined.The long bones are slightly less variable in length than the skull dimensions. There is a rather wide range of variation in the thirteen dimensions of the skull, with the length and breadth of the skull less variable than the lengths of the long bones.The coefficients of correlation show that the weight of the skull is a good index to the weights of the long bones. The skull length has likewise high correlations with the lengths of the long bones and the longitudinal dimensions of the skull, with the exception of the palatine slits. The transverse diameters are not significantly correlated with the skull length.The long bones are asymmetrical in weight and length. They are longer more frequently on the left side and all except the tibia are heavier more frequently on the left side.
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 190
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 56 (1934), S. 243-265 
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: The position of the inner ear and its relation to surrounding structures in the fetal head is ascertained. The growth and shape change of the cochlea is followed and measured. The change in size and appearance of the ductus cochlearis has been followed througout the various fetal stages. The growth and development of the scala vestibuli and scala tympani have been noted. The size and shape of the cells of the organs of Corti and the development and attachments of the tectorial membrane have been measured. The growth and developmental relationships of the tunnel of Corti have been followed. The growth and time of appearance of the organs with their relationship to hearing have been treated. The type of cell structure and the various structural changes throughout the development have been noted and correlated with the growth and size of the structure as a whole. The repidity of growth of all separate parts has been correlated and united to show the extent of development of the newborn rat inner ear.
    Zusätzliches Material: 9 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 191
    ISSN: 0095-9898
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 192
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Philadelphia : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular and Comparative Physiology 1 (1932), S. 297-331 
    ISSN: 0095-9898
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Zusätzliches Material: 24 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 193
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Philadelphia : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular and Comparative Physiology 1 (1932), S. 387-407 
    ISSN: 0095-9898
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Zusätzliches Material: 6 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 194
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Philadelphia : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular and Comparative Physiology 1 (1932), S. 451-473 
    ISSN: 0095-9898
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Zusätzliches Material: 6 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 195
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Philadelphia : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular and Comparative Physiology 2 (1932), S. 105-119 
    ISSN: 0095-9898
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 196
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Philadelphia : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular and Comparative Physiology 2 (1932), S. 141-148 
    ISSN: 0095-9898
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 197
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Philadelphia : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular and Comparative Physiology 2 (1932), S. 193-199 
    ISSN: 0095-9898
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 198
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Philadelphia : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular and Comparative Physiology 4 (1934) 
    ISSN: 0095-9898
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 199
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Philadelphia : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular and Comparative Physiology 4 (1934), S. 185-209 
    ISSN: 0095-9898
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Zusätzliches Material: 8 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 200
    ISSN: 0095-9898
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Zusätzliches Material: 7 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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