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  • Springer  (267.449)
  • American Physical Society (APS)
  • International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
  • 1985-1989  (273.699)
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Verlag/Herausgeber
Erscheinungszeitraum
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  • 11
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Monoterpene hydrocarbon contents of the resin from seeds of silver fir (Abies alba Mill.) (1987)
    Springer
    Trees 1 (1987), S. 94-101 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2285
    Schlagwort(e): Monoterpenes ; Abies alba Mill ; Resin ; Seeds ; Gas chromatography
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary Using gas-chromatographic methods, the variability of the contents of monoterpene hydrocarbons (α-pinene, β-pinene, Δ3carene and limonene) in the resin of silver fir seeds (Abies alba Mill.) was studied. Resin cavities were characterized according to their position on the seed surface. It was estabilished that the terpene content of the resin of cavities localized on the abaxialadaxial surfaces of the seed differs significantly, creating a gradient of resin composition around the circumference of the seed. The differences between various resin cavities of single seeds were greater than the differences between different seeds of a single cone and between seeds of various cones on a single tree. An accurate definition of the resin cavity location on the seeds appears to be a fundamental condition for the collection of a sample representing the resin composition of individual trees. Resin biosynthesis in the course of organogenesis and the control of terpene contents in the resin of various locations on the seed and the cone are discussed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00203577
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 12
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Distribution of leaf assimilates in the stem of Picea abies L. (1987)
    Springer
    Trees 1 (1987), S. 102-109 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2285
    Schlagwort(e): Picea abies ; Phloem transport ; Radial transport ; Stem chlorophyll
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary Autoradiographic and microautoradiographic studies of 2-year-old Picea abies plants show that in summer leaf assimilates from the second-year shoot are translocated basipetally. Leaf assimilates are first transported to the stem via leaf trace phloem, then to the base of the stem in the sieve cells of the latest increment of secondary phloem. On the way down leaf assimilates move radially from sieve cells into cells of the phloem parenchyma, the vascular cambium, the rays, the inner periderm and certain cells of pith and cortex, including the epithelial cells surrounding the resin ducts. Other cells of pith and cortex remain nearly free of label, despite the long translocation time (20 h). With the exception of the vascular cambial cells, the stem cells that gain leaf assimilates by radial distribution coincide with those that contain chlorophyll and starch.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00203578
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 13
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Stomatal conductance and transpiration of the two faces of Acacia phyllodes (1987)
    Springer
    Trees 1 (1987), S. 110-122 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2285
    Schlagwort(e): Phyllodes ; Stomatal conductance ; Transpiration ; Water potential ; Acacia
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary The daily course of stomatal conductance and transpiration was monitored on each separate face of vertical phyllodes of various acacias. The selected phyllodes had a north-south orientation so that one side faced eastwards and the other westwards. The principal measurements were made on Acacia longifolia and A. melanoxylon in Portugal in late summer and autumn, and additional measurements were made on A. ligulata and A. melanoxylon in Australia. In Portugal, irrespective of soil moisture status, conductance showed on early morning maximum with a subsequent gradual decline and sometimes a subsidiary peak in the late afternoon. Maximum conductances appeared to be a function of soil moisture status, whereas the decline in conductance in the late morning and afternoon was correlated with changes in phyllode-to-air vapour pressure deficits rather than changes in phyllode water status. The relationship of transpiration to phyllode water potential did not appear to be influenced by soil moisture status, although transpiration was less in drier soils and in the afternoons, this latter factor contributing to a marked hysteresis in the relationship. The opposing faces of the phyllodes exhibited a high degree of synchrony, showing parallel stomatal opening and closing, despite their large differences in irradiance. Stomatal conductance tended to be higher on the eastern faces in the morning and lower in the afternoon. In A. longifolia the daily average of relative conductance was much the same for both faces, but in A. melanoxylon that of the eastern face was higher and was retained even when the normal orientation of the phyllodes was reversed by turning them through 180°. Synchrony must be achieved by the stomata of both sides responding to common environmental or endogenous signals which are perceived by both surfaces with equal sensitivity.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00203579
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 14
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Some effects of long-term ozone fumigations on Norway spruce (1987)
    Springer
    Trees 1 (1987), S. 129-133 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2285
    Schlagwort(e): Ozone Photosynthesis ; Picea abies ; Stomata ; Transpiration
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary Potted cuttings of a 12-year-old, and grafts of an 80-year-old, Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) were subjected to 100 or 300 μg O3·m−3 for 1215 h (45 h of daylight per week) during the growing season of 1985. At the end of the fumigation the plants did not exhibit any visible signs of injury. Whereas in the fumigation with 100μg O3·m−3 we did not detect any significant change in gas exchange, 300 μg O3·m−3 did alter the CO2 uptake after 27 weeks, and in one clone transpiration was also altered. Stomatal reaction to a change of light suggested sluggishness, but the change was not statistically significant.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00203581
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 15
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Respiration and photosynthesis in cones of Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) (1987)
    Springer
    Trees 1 (1987), S. 123-128 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2285
    Schlagwort(e): Carbon balance ; Cones ; Photosynthetic CO2 refixation ; Picea abies ; Respiration ; Seasonal course
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary Dark respiration and photosynthetic carbon dioxide refixation in purple and green Picea abies cones were investigated from budbreak to cone maturity. The rate of dark respiration per unit dry weight and CO2 refixation capacity decreased during cone maturation. At the beginning of the growing season, photosynthetic CO2 refixation could reduce the amount of CO2 released by respiration in green and purple cones by 50% and 40%, respectively. The seasonal performance of the components of the cone carbon balance was calculated using information on the seasonal course of respiration, refixation capacity and the light response curves of cone photosynthesis, as well as the actual light and temperature regime in the field. The daily gain of CO2 refixation reached 28%–34% of respiration in green and 22%–26% in purple cones during the first month of their growth, but decreased later in the season. Over the entire growth period refixation reduced carbon costs of cone production in both cone colour polymorphs by 16%–17%.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00203580
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 16
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Repeat flowering in apple caused by water stress or defoliation (1987)
    Springer
    Trees 1 (1987), S. 135-138 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2285
    Schlagwort(e): Flowering ; Malus x domestica Borkh ; Water stress ; Defoliation
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary A series of experiments involving defoliation or water stress at different dates indicated that either of these treatments can make potted apple trees flower a second time in any one year, as long as the treatment is given near the end of July. The results suggest that the reflowering after a period of water stress was primarily a result of the loss of leaves that occurred when the plants were subsequently rewatered. Reflowering normally occurred only if flower primordia had already differentiated at the time of the treatment. There was an indication that in early July water stress was more effective than defoliation at stimulating reflowering.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00193555
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 17
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Some effects of long-term ozone fumigation on Norway spruce (1987)
    Springer
    Trees 1 (1987), S. 145-150 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2285
    Schlagwort(e): Ozone ; Picea abies ; Stomata ; Wax
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary Potted cuttings of a 12-year-old Picea abies tree were fumigated with ozone, 100 or 300 μg O3· m−3 (50 or 150 ppb O3) being added to charcoal-filtered air during the 1985 growing season for a total of 1215 h. The wax structure of ozone-fumigated needles was no different from that of controls. Because flattened wax structures and fused wax fibrils also occurred in controls, these phenomena could not serve as bioindications for the ozone concentrations applied. A smooth layer was found beneath the soluble wax layer and covered needle surface and stomatal openings of ozone-fumigated needles to a greater extent than in controls. Wax quantity was considerably reduced by fumigation with 300 μg O3 · m−3. Leaf pigments (as extracted with the wax) were less abundant in needles treated with 300 μgO3; the smooth layer probably contributed to the impeded extraction of pigments.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00193557
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 18
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Seasonal variation of neutral lipids in Pinus sylvestris L. sapwood and heartwood (1987)
    Springer
    Trees 1 (1987), S. 139-144 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2285
    Schlagwort(e): Fatty acids ; Heartwood ; Pinus sylvestris ; Sapwood ; Seasonal variation
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary The lipid levels and fatty acid composition of three fractions (free fatty acids, triacylglycerols and sterol/triterpenoid esters) extracted from the sapwood and heartwood of three stems of Pinus sylvestris were determined to investigate both seasonal changes in sapwood and possible metabolic changes related to heartwood formation. Seasonal changes were observed only in the amount of the free fatty acids in the sapwood: the level of free fatty acids was greatest at the beginning and end of the growing season. In the January and March samples the amount of the free fatty acid fraction in the sapwood was very small. The amount of the other fractions remained at the same level throughout the study. Marked seasonal changes in the fatty acid composition occurred only in the free fatty acid fraction of the sapwood: the saturation grade increased during the winter.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00193556
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 19
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Displacement of frequently occurring heacy metals in autumn leaves of beech (Fagus sylvatica) (1987)
    Springer
    Trees 1 (1987), S. 164-171 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2285
    Schlagwort(e): Deciduous trees ; Fagus sylvatica ; Autumn leaves ; Iron ; Lead ; Manganese ; Zinc
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary By utilizing energy-dispersive X-ray microanalysis the heavy metals manganese, iron, zinc and lead were determined in different tissues of beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) autumn leaves. It was observed that all four metals were accumulated in sieve element-companion cell complexes of the leaf veins in the period from the green (2 October) to the brown (23 October) leaf coloration. Concomitantly, the concentration of these metals decreased in certain tissues of the stems subtending the leaves. The major reservoirs of heavy metals in the stems were periderm, cortex, pith and xylem rays. Since sieve element-companion cell complexes of the stems showed increasing metal concentrations during the transition from the green to the brown leaf stage, and since this temporary increase also occurred in the petiole phloem, it is inferred that symplastic transport can be used in addition to apoplastic transport for the displacement of heavy metals. It is assumed that the accumulation of heavy metals in the veins of autumn leaves indicates the deposition of surplus ions which are excluded when leaves are cast off.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00193559
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 20
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Ultrastructure of cells in the cambial region during winter hardening and spring dehardening in Salix dasyclados Wim. grown at two nutrient levels (1987)
    Springer
    Trees 1 (1987), S. 151-163 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2285
    Schlagwort(e): Cambial activity ; Frost hardiness ; Phenology ; Salix ; Ultrastructure
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary The ultrastructure of cells in the cambial region of Salix dasyclados Wim. (clone 78056) was studied during the development of winter hardiness and the onset of cambial activity in spring. Plants were grown at relative growth rates (RG) of 8% and 12% respectively, resulting in different nitrogen content in the stems. Frost hardiness of the plants was estimated by standardized freezing tests. Plants with a higher nitrogen status ceased growth later and started re-growth earlier in spring than plants with lower nitrogen content. Differences in ability to withstand low temperatures during autumn and spring were found between plants grown in the two nutrient treatments. During the development of frost hardiness in the autumn, the number of meristematic cells in the cambial region decreased. The cessation of meristematic activity was accompanied by cell wall thickening and ultrastructural changes in the cells. Frost hardiness increased from the ability to survive -6° C in October to survival of -80° C at the beginning of December. From November to February the cambial region comprised a layer of 2–3 thick-walled cells with conspicuous ultrastructural features. Starch accumulated in plastids in September, decreased during November to March and then increased again in accordance with changes of frost hardiness. Onset of cambial activity began between the end of March and the beginning of April, as shown by increased vacuolization of meristematic cells and mitotic activity. By April, the starch content had increased and lipolysis was observed. Frost hardiness had decreased, and plants with low and high nitrogen content were able to survive -15° C and -10° C, respectively. After budburst, all axillary shoot parts were damaged at temperatures below-3° C.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00193558
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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