ALBERT

Description: When CHARLES CORDIER arrived from Costa Rica on October 9, 1942, bringing with him, among other great rarities, three Bare-necked Umbrella Birds (Cephalopterus ornatus glabricollis), it seemed to us that the mere possession of such fabulous creatures was satisfaction enough. True, they were not beautiful \xe2\x80\x94 some realists have even gone so far as to name them \xe2\x80\x9cugly\xe2\x80\x9d \xe2\x80\x94 and like all Cotingas, they were definitely dull. But in spite of all, they really were Umbrella Birds and if we could solve the problem of their long term requirements, they must reveal to us much that had been unknown. For only once before, as far as we can learn, has an Umbrella Bird been kept in captivity in either Europe or North America. According to a note by FRANK FINN in \xe2\x80\x98Avicultural Magazine\xe2\x80\x99 for October, 1909, this was a young bird owned in England by Mr. H. C. MOLINEAUX, a private aviculturist. Nothing beyond the arrival of the bird is recorded.\nWith nothing whatever to guide us, beyond CORDIER\xe2\x80\x99S brief experience, we put the adult male and the female together in one cage and an immature male in another. The cages seemed large enough and both wre planted with small palms for shelter. For a year, nothing in particular happened. All of the birds remained dull and quiet, and although we pointed them out frequently on personally-conducted tours, it was difficult to convince visitors that Umbrella Birds are something of special interest. Then we noticed that the young male was fading and in spite of all we could do, he became rapidly weaker until his death. A post mortem by Doctor Goss showed a necrotic mass of undeterminable nature in the thorax. This was better, at least, than malnutrition, and we were stimulated to greater efforts with the remaining pair.

Description: The following notes on new synonymy of the species of South Asiatic Microlepidoptera of the families Tortricidae, Phaloniidae, Eucosmidae and Glyphipterygidae were made during a visit to the British Museum, Natural History, London, in 1946 and chiefly concern the material in the extensive collection of the late E. MEYRICK. A few additional new synonyms of Eucosmidae and of Carposinidae are not included and will be dealt with in another place.\nWe are greatly obliged to the Trustees of the British Museum for the opportunity to study these collections, and also to Mr. W. H. T. TAMS, of the Division of Lepidoptera of that Museum, for his kind help and suggestions.

Description: 1. The maturation divisions of the egg of Limnaea stagnalis L. have been studied. 2. The haploid number of chromosomes is 18. 3. At the telophase of the first maturation division, the central group of dyads reaches the surface of the inner central body of the first maturation amphiaster. 4. This central body directly transforms into the second maturation spindle. 5. The aster surrounding this central body gradually disappears. New astral radiations are formed in the cytoplasm near the outer end of the newly formed second maturation spindle. 6. The spermaster, which appears during the telophase of the first maturation division, fuses secondarily with the inner end of the second maturation spindle and forms the inner aster of the second maturation amphiaster. 7. After the extrusion of the second polar body, this aster shifts to a deeper position near the centre of the egg, where it remains visible for some time, but ultimately disappears. 8. The egg chromosomes swell into karyomeres immediately after the extrusion of the second polar body. At the same time, the sperm nucleus begins its migration towards the animal pole.

Description: Im zoologischen Garten zu Amsterdam wurde am sechszehnten April 1939 von einer Hirschkuh der Art Rusa hippelaphus Cuv. ein Junges geworfen, das schon am anderen Tage wieder starb.\nDa dieses Tier nur einen Tag gelebt hatte, war ein bedeutender Ductus arteriosus Botalli mit ansehnlichem Lumen zu erwarten, wie er auch in K\xc3\xa4lbern ziemlich lange nach der Geburt erhalten bleibt.

Description: Deze bescheiden bijdrage aan de bundel bij het afscheid van de hoogleraren L. F. DE BEAUFORT en J. W. E. IHLE, schrijf ik met een oprecht gevoel van leedwezen, want hun nuttige openbare, offici\xc3\xable werkzaamheid ten bate van de Zo\xc3\xb6logische wetenschap neemt een einde, gelukkig op normale wijze, wegens het bereiken van de gestelde leeftijd voor een otium cum dignitate.\nMoge hun een hoge leeftijd in gezondheid van lichaam en geest beschoren zijn, want dat hun wetenschappelijke werkzaamheid nu zal eindigen, gelooft wel niemand, die hen kent!

Description: Cynoglossus polytaenia (Bleeker). Zo\xc3\xb6logisch Museum (Amsterdam), n\xc2\xb0 1276. Coll. Laboratoire pour l\xe2\x80\x99Exploration de la Mer (Batavia), pr\xc3\xa8s Penang. Longueur totale 117 mm. Longueur \xc3\xa9talon 106 mm. Fig. 1.\nA premi\xc3\xa8re vue, la nageoire dorsale parait interrompue vers le milieu de sa longueur, sur une certaine distance; la lacune est combl\xc3\xa9e par une s\xc3\xa9rie de rayons, s\xc3\xa9rie dont les 2 extr\xc3\xa9mit\xc3\xa9s s\xe2\x80\x99\xc3\xa9tendent sur le c\xc3\xb4t\xc3\xa9 nadiral (droit) de chacune des 2 fractions de la nageoire normale. La fraction ant\xc3\xa9rieure de celle-ci se compose de 39 rayons; la fraction post\xc3\xa9rieure, de 66 rayons.

Description: After having collected the plankton samples in the Java Sea on which I have reported in Treubia XVII, 1939, I thought it desirable to gather similar samples from a more oceanic area of the East Indian seas, in order to be able to make a comparison between the two collections and to try to find out the characteristic differences between the two regions. It seemed to me interesting to choose in the first place Sunda Strait for this purpose, as it connects the shallow Java Sea with the deep Indian Ocean and, therefore, might offer all degrees of transition from the plankton of the former to that of the latter. The next year, then, in 1933, I made a cruise in Sunda Strait in the months of April-May, the transition months between the (wet) west monsoon and the (dry) east monsoon. The stations visited may be seen from the accompanying chart. The depth increases considerably in the direction Java Sea \xe2\x80\x94〉 Indian Ocean but is everywhere sufficient to allow the making of vertical hauls with the plankton net from 50 meters depth to the surface. For the sake of convenience, therefore, all the hauls in Sunda Strait have been made in this way. This was not possible the year before as at several stations in the Java Sea the depth is insufficient. The same net was used as the foregoing year: width of the mouth 1 1/3 m, length 4 m, Swiss plankton gauze nr. 3.\nIn the Sailor\'s Guide for the East-Indian Archipelago we read : ""This diurnal tidal stream (seil, in the Java Sea) is weakened towards the NE and strengthened towards the SW in the first place by a current to the SW starting from Bangka-Strait, which runs along the SE-coast of Sumatra and through Sunda Strait at the rate of more than 0.5 Mile per hour.

Description: Toen in 1881 door G. JANSE de Catalogus der Bibliotheek van het Koninklijk Zo\xc3\xb6logisch Genootschap Natura Artis Magistra werd samengesteld, werden daarin opgenomen onder: N\xc2\xb0 1202 Linnaei. C. Facsimile-reproductie van het vorige, (d.i. Systema Naturae sive Regna tria Naturae systematice proposita per Classes, Ordines, Genera et Species. Lugduni Batavorum. 1735. 7 bladen fol\xc2\xb0, max.) (Berlijn.) 12 bl. fol\xc2\xb0. max. N\xc2\xb0 1203 Linnaei C. Methodus juxta quam Physiologus accurate et f\xc3\xa9liciter concinnare potest Historiam cujuscunque Naturalis Subjecti sequentt. hisce Paragraphis comprehensa. I. Nomina. II. Theoria. III. Genus. IV. Species. V. Attributa. VI. Usus. VII. literaria. Lugduni Batavorum. 1736. 1 bl. fol\xc2\xb0 max. Facsimile-reproductie van de oorspronkelijke uitgave. Berlijn.

Description: De eisen die de practijk stelt zijn voor de toegepaste wetenschap de stimulans, welke de vragen die de werkhypothese suggereert voor de zuivere wetenschap zijn. Is aan die eisen voldaan dan loopt het onderzoek dood \xe2\x80\x94 tenzij de practijk aan het resultaat der onderzoekingen nieuwe eisen ontleent: naar analogie van een nieuwe hypothese steunend op feiten die men, geleid door een oudere hypothese, al eerder had opgespoord. Ik wil hiervan een voorbeeld geven: zowel van het doodlopen ener reeks onderzoekingen, als van haar resuscitatie.\nHet eerste stuk van mijn voorbeeld is bekend. Ik zal daar slechts zoveel van in herinnering brengen als voor het tweede stuk nodig is.

Description: 1. A review is given of some phenomena concerning pregnancy and parturition of the Cetacea, depending on data in literature and on observations made in Antarctic Blue and Fin Whales on board the f.f. \xe2\x80\x9cWillem Barendsz\xe2\x80\x9d (1946\xe2\x80\x941947). 2. In Mystacoceti the frequency of twins appears to be less than in man and the big domestic animals. The majority of twins is born by females that are longer than the average female in the period of greatest sexual activity. This does not mean, however, that just as in man most twins are born at an elder age than that corresponding with the maximum of sexual activity. It may also be possible that, just as in the big domestic animals, the ages correspond, but that twins are mostly produced by the physically stronger developed females. 3. In Odontoceti the left ovary shows a very distinct morphological and functional prevalence. The foetus is exclusively found in the left uterine cornu. In Mystacoceti there is a prevalence of about 60 % of the right ovary and the right uterine cornu with regard to ovulation and pregnancy. The above described phenomena have also been observed in other uniparous Mammals, whereas in multiparous Mammals no distinct prevalence of a special side has been found. Transference of an ovum from the ovary of one side to the cornu of the other has been observed twice in Cetacea. 4. In Mystacoceti the number of cephalic presentations of the foetus very distinctly increases during the last months of pregnancy, just as in man and the big domestic animals. There is a great possibility that, just as the other uniparous Mammals, which give birth to comparatively large infants, in Mystacoceti a very high percentage of the young is born in cephalic presentation. In Odontoceti, on the contrary, a great number of foetuses is apparently delivered in tail-presentation. With regard to their shape and dimensions, such a birth in tail-presentation must be considered as an unfavourable event. An attempt has been made to explain these facts with the aid of the peristaltic uterine contractions. If these contractions act in the same way as in other Mammals, it might be expected that most of the Cetacea should be born in tailpresentation. So it is highly possible that in Mystacoceti some other factors are responsible for the high percentage of cephalic presentations. 5. In Cetacea the relative length of the umbilical cord (in % of the length of the foetus) decreases markedly during the second part of pregnancy. At birth its length is about 40 % of the total length of the calf and 57 % of its snout-anus length. As compared with other Mammals the cord of the Cetacea is rather short and this fact may have some influence on the way in which the connection between mother and calf is broken. This may occur by rupture of the cord immediately after birth as in Ungulates. On the other hand it appears to be also possible that, just as in Primates, Carnivores and Chiropteres, the placenta and the cord stick to the baby for some time after birth. 6. Some congenital anomalies of foetal Cetacea are described. Abortus probably may occur during chasing of the big whales or when they are struck by the harpoon. A case of fibromyoma uteri is described in an old female Blue Whale that showed an abnormal lactation. Probably the fibromyoma had caused an abortus some months ago, this abortus causing the lactation.