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  • Books  (61)
  • Articles  (4,140,972)
  • Medicine  (3,507,094)
  • Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition  (655,193)
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  • Books  (61)
  • Journals  (4,464)
  • Articles  (4,140,972)
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  • 1
    Unknown
    Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer
    Keywords: Biochemistry ; Toxicology
    ISBN: 9783540331209
    Language: English
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  • 2
    Unknown
    Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer
    Keywords: Biochemistry ; Chemistry, Organic ; Medicine ; Toxicology
    ISBN: 9783540797296
    Language: English
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  • 3
    Unknown
    New York, NY : Springer
    Keywords: Chemistry, Organic ; Food science
    ISBN: 9780387740874
    Language: English
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  • 4
    Unknown
    Boston, MA : Springer
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Food science
    ISBN: 9780387249803
    Language: English
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  • 5
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Food science ; Immunology
    ISBN: 9780387283913
    Language: English
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  • 6
    Unknown
    Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer
    Keywords: Biochemistry ; Chemistry, Organic ; Medicine ; Toxicology
    ISBN: 9783540742296
    Language: English
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  • 7
    Keywords: Life sciences ; Science ; Urban planning ; City planning ; Urban ecology (Biology) ; System theory ; International environmental law ; Sustainable development ; Life Sciences ; Urban Ecology ; Urbanism ; Sustainable Development ; Complex Systems ; Science, general ; International Environmental Law
    Description / Table of Contents: 1. A global outlook on urbanization --- 2. History of urbanization and the missing ecology --- 3. Urbanization and global trends in biodiversity and ecosystem services --- 4. Regional assessment of Asia.- 5. Sub-regional assessment of China: Urbanization in biodiversity hotspots --- 6. Sub-regional assessment of India --- 7. Local assessment of Bangalore.- 8. Local assessment of Tokyo --- 9. Local assessment of Shanghai --- 10. Patterns and trends in urban biodiversity and landscape design --- 11. Urban ecosystem services.- 12. Shrinking cities, biodiversity and ecosystem services --- 13. Regional assessments of Europe --- 14. Regional assessment of North America --- 15. Regional assessment of Oceania --- 16. Local assessment of Istanbul: Biodiversity and ecosystem services --- 17. Local assessment of Stockholm --- 18. Local assessment of Chicago --- 19. Local assessment of New York City.-20. Local assessment of Melbourne --- 21. A synthesis of global urbanization projections --- 22. Urbanization forecasts, effects on land use, biodiversity, and ecosystem services --- 23. Regional assessment of Africa --- 24. Local assessment of Cape Town.- 25. Climate change and urban biodiversity vulnerability --- 26. Feeding cities --- 27. Urban governance of biodiversity and ecosystem services --- 28. Regional assessment of Latin America --- 29. Local assessment of Rio de Janeiro.- 30. Urban landscapes as learning arenas for biodiversity and ecosystem services management --- 31. Restoration ecology in an urbanizing world --- 32. Indicators for management of urban biodiversity and ecosystem services --- 33. Stewardship of the Biosphere in the Urban Era
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXVIII, 755 pages) , 150 illustrations, 23 illustrations in color
    ISBN: 9789400770881
    Language: English
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  • 8
    Keywords: Life sciences ; Cell biology ; Developmental biology ; Plant science ; Botany ; Life Sciences ; Developmental Biology ; Plant Sciences ; Cell Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Part 1 Sperm Attraction, Activation and Acrosome Reaction --- 1 Sperm Chemotaxis: The First Authentication Events Between Conspecific Gametes Prior to Fertilization (Manabu Yoshida) --- 2 Respiratory CO2 Mediates Sperm Chemotaxis in Squids (Noritaka Hirohashi) --- 3 Specific Mechanism of Sperm Storage in Avian Oviducts (Tomohiro Sasanami) --- 4 Allurin: Exploring the Activity of a Frog Sperm Chemoattractant in Mammals (Douglas E. Chandler) --- 5 Structure, Function and Phylogenetic Consideration of Calaxin (Kazuo Inaba) --- 6 Cl- Channels and Transporters in Sperm Physiology (Alberto Darszon) --- 7 Equatorin-related Subcellular and Molecular Events During Sperm Priming for Fertilization in Mice (Kiyotaka Toshimori) --- 8 Acrosome Reaction-mediated Motility Initiation that is Critical for the Internal Fertilization of Urodele Amphibians (Akihiko Watanabe) --- 9 Analysis of the Mechanism that Brings Protein Disulfide Isomerase-P5 to Inhibit Oxidative Refolding of Lysozyme (Miho Miyakawa) --- Part 2 Gametogenesis, Gamete Recognition, Activation, and Evolution --- 10 Effect of Relaxin-like Gonad-Stimulating Substance (GSS) on Gamete Shedding and 1-Methyladenine Production in Starfish Ovaries (Masatoshi Mita) --- 11 Incapacity of 1-Methyladenine Production to Relaxin-like Gonad-Stimulating Substance (GSS) in Ca2+-free Seawater-treated Starfish Ovarian Follicle Cells (Masatoshi Mita) --- 12 Novel Isoform of Vitellogenin Expressed in Eggs is a Binding Partner of the Sperm Proteases, HrProacrosin and HrSermosin, in the Ascidian Halocynthia roretzi (Hitoshi Sawada) --- 13 Actin Cytoskeleton and Fertilization in Starfish Eggs (Luigia Santella) --- 14 Focused Proteomics on Egg Membrane Microdomains to Elucidate the Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Fertilization in the African Clawed Frog Xenopus laevis (Ken-ichi Sato) --- 15 Egg Activation in Polyspermy: Its Molecular Mechanisms and Evolution in Vertebrates (Yasuhiro Iwao ) --- 16 ATP Imaging in Xenopus laevis Oocyte (Takashi Ijiri) --- 17 Mitochondrial Activation and Nitric Oxide (NO) Release at Fertilization in Echinoderm Eggs (Tatsuma Mohri) --- 18 Functional Roles of Spe Genes in the Male Germline During Reproduction of Caenorhabditis elegans (Hitoshi Nishimura) --- 19 Origin of Female/Male Gender as Deduced by the Mating Type Loci of the Colonial Volvocalean Greens (Hisayoshi Nozaki) --- Part 3 Allorecognition in Male–Female Interaction --- 20 Allorecognition and Lysin Systems During Ascidian Fertilization (Hitoshi Sawada) --- 21 Self-incompatibility in the Brassicaceae (Megumi Iwano) --- 22 Signalling Events in Pollen Acceptance or Rejection in the Arabidopsis Species (Daphne R. Goring) --- 23 Papaver rhoeas S-Determinants and the Signaling Networks they Trigger (Vernonica E. Franklin-Tong ) --- 24 S-RNase-based Self-incompatibility in Petunia: A Complex Non-self Recognition System Between Pollen and Pistil (Teh-hui Kao) --- 25 Self-incompatibility System of Ipomoea trifida, a Wild-type Sweet Potato (Tohru Tsuchiya) --- Part 4 Male–Female Interaction and Gamete Fusion --- 26 Profiling the GCS1-based Gamete Fusion Mechanism (Toshiyuki Mori) --- 27 Fertilization Mechanisms of the Rodent Malarial Parasite Plasmodium berghei (Makoto Hirai) --- 28 Sexual Reproduction of a Unicellular Charophycean Alga, Closterium peracerosum-strogosum-littorale Complex (Hiroyuki Sekimoto) --- 29 Fertilization of Brown Algae: Flagellar Function in Phototaxis and Chemotaxis (Taizo Motomura ) --- 30 Gene and Protein Expression Profiles in Rice Gametes and Zygotes: A Cue for Understanding the Mechanisms of Gametic and Early Zygotic Development in Angiosperms (Takashi Okamoto) --- 31 Role of CD9 in Sperm-Egg Fusion and Virus-induced Cell Fusion in Mammals (Kenji Miyado) --- 32 The Mechanism of Sperm-Egg Fusion in Mouse and the Involvement of IZUMO1 (Naokazu Inoue) --- 33 A ZP2 Cleavage Model of Gamete Recognition and the Post-fertilization Block to Polyspermy (Jurrien Dean) --- 34 Involvement of Carbohydrate Residues of the Zona Pellucida in In Vitro Sperm Recognition in Pigs and Cattle (Naoto Yonezawa) --- Part 5 Organella, Proteolysis, and New Techniques --- 35 The Role of Peroxisomes in Plant Reproductive Processes (Shoji Mano) --- 36 Regulation of Vacuole-mediated Programmed Cell Death During Innate Immunity and Reproductive Development in Plants (Tomoko Koyano) --- 37 Sperm Proteasomes as a Putative Egg Coat Lysin in Mammals (Peter Sutovsky) --- 38 Germline Transformation in the Ascidian Ciona intestinalis (Yasunori Sasakura) --- BM Index.  
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XII, 480 pages) , 127 illustrations, 102 illustrations in color
    ISBN: 9784431545897
    Language: English
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  • 9
    Keywords: medical geology
    Description / Table of Contents: All living organisms are composed of major, minor, and trace elements, given by nature and supplied by geology. Medical geology is a rapidly growing discipline dealing with the influence of natural geological and environmental risk factors on the distribution of health problems in humans and animals. As a multi-disciplinary scientific field, medical geology has the potential of helping medical and public health communities all over the world in the pursuit of solutions to a wide range of environmental and naturally induced health issues. The natural environment can impact health in a variety of ways. The composition of rocks and minerals are imprinted on the air that we breathe, the water that we drink, and the food that we eat. For many people this transference of minerals and the trace elements they contain is beneficial as it is the primary source of nutrients (such as calcium, iron, magnesium, potassium, and about a dozen other elements) that are essential for a healthy life. However, sometimes the local geology can cause significant health problems because there is an insufficient amount of an essential element or an excess of a potentially toxic element (such as arsenic, mercury, lead, fluorine, etc.), or a harmful substance such as methane gas, dust-sized particles of asbestos, quartz or pyrite, or certain naturally occurring organic compounds. Current and future medical geology concerns include: dangerous levels of arsenic in drinking water in dozens of countries including the USA; mercury emissions from coal combustion and its bioaccumulation in the environment; the impacts of mercury and lead mobilizations in regions were artisanal gold mining is conducted; the residual health impacts of geologic processes such as volcanic emissions, earthquakes, tsunamis, hurricanes, and geogenic dust; exposure to fibrous minerals such as asbestos and erionite; and the health impacts of global climate change. Billions of people, most in developing countries, are afflicted by these and other environmental health issues that can be avoided, prevented, mitigated or minimized through research and educational outreach. This Special Issue of Geosciences discusses recent advances in medical geology, providing examples from research conducted all over the world. Among the topics to be discussed are: - Health effects from trace elements, metals and metalloids - Regional and global impacts of natural dust (including the study of nanoparticles) - Chemical and environmental pathology of diseases associated with natural environment - Novel analytical approaches to the study of natural geochemical and environmental agents - Research on beneficial health aspects of natural geological materials - Risk management, risk communication and risk mitigation on medical geology - Remote sensing and GIS applications on medical geology - Epidemiology and public health studies on medical geology - Climate change and medical geology - Clinical and toxicological research on biomarkers of exposure - Veterinary medical geology - Biosurveillance and biomonitoring studies on medical geology
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIV, 238 Seiten)
    Edition: Printed Edition of the Special Issue Published in Geosciences
    ISBN: 9783038421986
    Language: English
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  • 10
    Keywords: Life sciences ; Ecology ; Wildlife ; Fish ; Life Sciences ; Fish & Wildlife Biology & Management ; Ecology ; Environmental Monitoring/Analysis
    Description / Table of Contents: 1 Introduction: Overview of Our Research on Impacts of the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant Accident on Fish and Fishing Grounds --- Part I Seawater and Plankton --- 2 134Cs and 137Cs in the Seawater Around Japan and in the North Pacific --- 3 Temporal Changes in 137Cs Concentration in Zooplankton and Seawater off the Joban–Sanriku Coast, and in Sendai Bay, After the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Accident --- Part II Sediments and Benthos --- 4 Three-Dimensional Distribution of Radiocesium in Sea Sediment Derived from the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant --- 5 Radiocesium Concentrations in the Organic Fraction of Sea Sediments --- 6 Bottom Turbidity, Boundary Layer Dynamics, and Associated Transport of Suspended Particulate Materials off the Fukushima Coast --- 7 Investigation of Radiocesium Translation from Contaminated Sediment to Benthic Organisms --- Part III Marine Fish --- 8 Detection of 131I, 134Cs, and 137Cs Released into the Atmosphere from FNPP in Small Epipelagic Fishes, Japanese Sardine and Japanese Anchovy, off the Kanto Area, Japan --- 9 Radiocesium Concentration of Small Epipelagic Fishes (Sardine and Japanese Anchovy) off the Kashima-Boso Area --- 10 Why Do the Radionuclide Concentrations of Pacific Cod Depend on the Body Size? --- 11 Radiocesium Contamination Histories of Japanese Flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) After the 2011 Fukushima Nuclear Power Plant Accident --- Part IV Mechanisms of Severe Contamination in Fish --- 12 Evaluating the Probability of Catching Fat Greenlings (Hexagrammos otakii) Highly Contaminated with Radiocesium off the Coast of Fukushima --- 13 Analysis of the Contamination Process of the Extremely Contaminated Fat Greenling by Fukushima-Derived Radioactive Material --- 14 Contamination Levels of Radioactive Cesium in Fat Greenling Caught at the Main Port of the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant --- Part V Freshwater Systems --- 15 Comparison of Radioactive Cesium Contamination of Lake Water, Bottom Sediment, Plankton, and Freshwater Fish Among Lakes of Fukushima Prefecture, Japan, After the Fukushima Fallout --- 16 Radiocesium Concentrations and Body Size of Freshwater Fish in Lake Hayama 1 Year After the Fukushima Dai-Ichi Nuclear Power Plant Accident --- 17 Spatiotemporal Monitoring of 134Cs and 137Cs in Ayu, Plecoglossus altivelis, a Microalgae-Grazing Fish, and in Their Freshwater Habitats in Fukushima --- 18 Radiocesium Concentrations in the Muscle and Eggs of Salmonids from Lake Chuzenji, Japan, After the Fukushima Fallout --- 19 Assessment of Radiocesium Accumulation by Hatchery-Reared Salmonids After the Fukushima Nuclear Accident
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XI, 238 pages) , 103 illustrations, 37 illustrations in color
    ISBN: 9784431555377
    Language: English
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  • 11
    Keywords: Life sciences ; Management ; Industrial management ; Geography ; Agriculture ; Agricultural economics ; Life Sciences ; Agriculture ; Agricultural Economics ; Geography, general ; Innovation/Technology Management
    Description / Table of Contents: Foreword --- 1. Innovation for Marginalized Smallholder Farmers and Development: an Overview and Implications for Policy and Research --- Part 1 Innovation for the Rural Poor: Theory, Trends and Impacts --- 2. Institutional and technological innovations in polycentric systems –pathways for escaping marginality --- 3. Innovations for Food and Nutrition Security: Impacts and Trends --- 4. Psychology of Innovation: Innovating human psychology? --- 5. An optimization model for technology adoption of marginalized smallholders --- Part 2 Diversification of Agricultural Production and Income --- 6. The BRAC Approach to Small Farmers' Innovations --- 7. Agricultural Research and Extension Linkages in Amhara Region, Ethiopia --- 8. Transaction costs on the Ethiopian formal seed market and innovations for encouraging private sector investments --- 9. Agricultural Service Delivery Through Mobile Phone: Local innovations and Technological Opportunities in Kenya --- 10. Identification and Acceleration of Farmer Innovativeness in Upper East Ghana --- 11. Gender, social equity and innovations in smallholder farming systems: pitfalls and pathways --- 12. Assessing the Sustainability of Agricultural Technology Options for Poor Rural Farmers --- 13. Land Degradation and Sustainable Land Management Innovations in Central Asia --- 14. Biomass-based value web. A Novel Perspective for Emergng Bioeconomies in Sub-Saharan Africa --- Part 3 Sustainable Intensification of Agriculture --- 15. Adoption of Stress-tolerant Rice Varieties in Bangladesh --- 16. More than cereal based cropping innovations for improving food and livelihood security of poor small holders in marginal areas of Bangladesh --- 17. Integrated Rice-fish Farming System in Bangladesh: An Ex-Ante Value Chain Evaluation Framework --- 18. Technologies for Maize, Wheat, Rice and Pulses in Marginal Districts of Odisha and Bihar --- 19. Technological Innovations for Smallholder Farmers in Ghana --- 20. Potential impacts of yield increasing crop technologies on poverty reduction in two districts of Ethiopia
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XV, 435 pages) , 80 illustrations, 50 illustrations in color
    ISBN: 9783319257181
    Language: English
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  • 12
    Keywords: Life sciences ; Applied ecology ; Biodiversity ; Ecosystems ; Conservation biology ; Ecology ; Community psychology ; Environmental psychology ; Life Sciences ; Applied Ecology ; Biodiversity ; Conservation Biology/Ecology ; Ecosystems ; Community and Environmental Psychology
    Description / Table of Contents: 1. The Biodiversity Data Impediment to a Sustainable World (Working in a Networked World) --- 2. Essential Biodiversity Variables --- 3. Stratification and Terrestrial Ecosystem Observations --- 4. Ecosystem Services --- 5. Species Observations --- 6. Monitoring Changes in Genetic Diversity --- 7. Marine and Coastal Systems --- 8. Biodiversity Observations for Freshwater Ecosystems --- 9. Remote Sensing for Biodiversity --- 10. Involving Citizen Scientists in Biodiversity Observation --- 11. Biodiversity Modelling --- 12. Cyber-Architecture --- 13. Using Data for Decision-Making: From Observations To Indicators and Other Policy Tools --- 14. Capacity Building in Biodiversity Monitoring – Case Studies
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XII, 326 pages) , 34 illustrations, 27 illustrations in color
    ISBN: 9783319272887
    Language: English
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  • 13
    Keywords: Life sciences ; Agriculture ; Climate change ; Environmental management ; Soil science ; Soil conservation ; Air pollution ; Life Sciences ; Agriculture ; Climate Change ; Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution ; Soil Science & Conservation ; Environmental Management
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1 Introduction to the SAMPLES Approach --- Chapter 2 Targeting Landscapes to Identify Mitigation Options --- Chapter 3 Determining Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Removals Associated with Land Use and Land Cover Change --- Chapter 4 Quantifying Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Managed and Natural Soils --- Chapter 5 A Comparison of Methodologies for Measuring Methane Emissions from Ruminants --- Chapter 6 Quantifying Tree Biomass Carbon Stocks and Fluxes in Agricultural Landscapes --- Chapter 7 Methods for Smallholder Quantification of Soil Carbon Stocks and Stock Changes --- Chapter 8 Yield Estimation of Food and Non-Food Crops in Smallholder Production Systems --- Chapter 9 Scaling Point and Plot Measurements of Greenhouse Gas Fluxes, Balances and Intensities to Whole Farms and Landscapes --- Chapter 10 Methods for Environment-Productivity Trade-off Analysis in Agricultural Systems
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XV, 203 pages) , 33 illustrations, 27 illustrations in color
    ISBN: 9783319297941
    Language: English
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  • 14
    Unknown
    Cham : Springer
    Keywords: Medicine ; Human genetics ; Ethics ; Medical ethics ; Biomedicine ; Human Genetics ; Theory of Medicine/Bioethics ; Ethics
    Description / Table of Contents: This book discusses the common principles of morality and ethics derived from divinely endowed intuitive reason through the creation of al-fitr' a (nature) and human intellect (al-‘aql). Biomedical topics are presented and ethical issues related to topics such as genetic testing, assisted reproduction and organ transplantation are discussed. Whereas these natural sources are God’s special gifts to human beings, God’s revelation as given to the prophets is the supernatural source of divine guidance through which human communities have been guided at all times through history. The second part of the book concentrates on the objectives of Islamic religious practice – the maqa' sid – which include: Preservation of Faith, Preservation of Life, Preservation of Mind (intellect and reason), Preservation of Progeny (al-nasl) and Preservation of Property. Lastly, the third part of the book discusses selected topical issues, including abortion, assisted reproduction devices, genetics, organ transplantation, brain death and end-of-life aspects. For each topic, the current medical evidence is followed by a detailed discussion of the ethical issues involved
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XV, 267 pages)
    ISBN: 9783319184289
    Language: English
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  • 15
    Keywords: Life sciences ; Agriculture ; Plant biochemistry ; Plant genetics ; Life Sciences ; Plant Genetics & Genomics ; Agriculture ; Plant Biochemistry
    Description / Table of Contents: Part I Wheat Genetics: Past, Present, and Future --- 1 Prof. H. Kihara’s genome concept and advancements in wheat cytogenetics in his school --- 2 How a gene from Japan revolutionized the world of wheat: CIMMYT’s quest for combining genes to mitigate threats to global food security --- Part II Germplasm and Genetic Diversity --- 3 Genetic resources of Triticum --- 4 Development of core set of wheat (Triticum spp.) germplasm conserved in the National Genebank in India --- 5 Transfer to wheat of potentially new stem rust resistance genes from Aegilops speltoides --- 6 Genetic variation and its geographical distribution in Aegilops caudata L.: morphology, hybrid sterility and gametocidal genes --- Part III Cytogenetics and Allopolyploid Evolution --- 7 Wheat chromosome analysis --- 8 New aneuploids of common wheat --- 9 Chromosomal changes over the course of polyploid wheat evolution and domestication --- Part IV Toward Whole Genome Sequencing --- 10 Comprehensive functional analyses of expressed sequence tags in common wheat --- 11 Development of the BAC physical maps of wheat chromosome 6B for its genomic sequencing --- Part V Structural and Functional Genomics --- 12 Sequencing of wheat chromosome 6B: toward functional genomics --- 13 Genetic mechanisms of vernalization requirement duration in winter wheat cultivars --- 14 Building ultra-dense genetic maps in the presence of genotyping errors and missing data --- Part VI Functional Gene Analysis and Molecular Tools --- 15 Exploiting comparative biology and genomics to understand a trait in wheat, Ph1 --- 16 The specific features of anthocyanin biosynthesis regulation in wheat --- 17 Association of wheat miRNAs with hybrid incompatibility in interspecific crosses of Triticum and Aegilops --- 18 High efficiency wheat transformation mediated by Agrobacterium tumefaciens --- 19 extra early-flowering (exe) mutants in einkorn wheat generated by heavy-ion beam irradiation --- Part VII Biotic Stress Response --- 20 Stem rust resistance - two approaches --- 21 Germplasm enhancement for resistance to Pyrenophora tritici-repentis in wheat --- 22 Next Generation Sequencing enabled genetics in hexaploid wheat --- Part VIII Abiotic Stress Response --- 23 Genomics approaches to dissect the genetic basis of drought resistance in durum wheat --- 24 Hybrid breeding in wheat --- 25 Broadening the genetic diversity of common and durum wheat for abiotic stress tolerance breeding --- 26 Early maturity in wheat for adaptation to high temperature stress --- 27 Gene expression profiles involved in development of freezing tolerance in common wheat --- Part IX Improvement of Grain Quality --- 28 Coping with wheat quality in a changing environment - Proteomics evidence for stress caused by environmental changes --- 29 Starch modification: a model for wheat MAS breeding --- 30 Quality characteristics of soft kernel durum - a new cereal crop --- 31 Proposal of international gluten research group --- 32 Enlargement of the genetic diversity for grain quality in bread wheat through alien introgression --- 33 Complex G x E interactions and QTL clusters govern end-use quality traits in hexaploid wheat --- 34 A consistent QTL for flour yield on chromosome 3B in the soft winter wheat variety, Kitahonami --- Part X Marker-Assisted Breeding --- 35 Recent improvements in Japanese wheat varieties --- 36 Determining the order of resistance genes Qsng-3BS, Fhb1 and Sr2 and combining them in coupling on wheat chromosome 3BS --- 37 Meta-analysis of resistance to Fusarium head blight in tetraploid wheat – implications for durum wheat breeding --- 38 Interest of a multiparental and outcrossing wheat population for fine mapping --- 39 The effect of Earliness per se (Eps) genes on flowering time in bread wheat --- Part XI Toward Sustainable Wheat Production --- 40 Recapitulating the OECD-CRP session (sponsored by the OECD’s Co-operative Research Program on Biological Resource Management for Sustainable Agricultural Systems --- 41 Exploring genetic resources to increase adaptation of wheat to climate change --- 42 Genomic approaches towards durable fungal disease resistance in wheat --- 43 Review and new progress in wheat wide hybridization for improving the resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses --- 44 Global crop improvement networks to bridge technology gaps --- 45 Genomic selection in plants: empirical results and implications for wheat breeding --- 46 Dietary fibre: wheat genes for enhanced human health --- BM Appendix I: Program --- Appendix II: Poster Presentation List --- Appendix III: Committees
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVI, 445 pages)
    ISBN: 9784431556756
    Language: English
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  • 16
    Keywords: Life sciences ; Nucleic acids ; Plant breeding ; Biology ; Technique ; Life Sciences ; Plant Breeding/Biotechnology ; Biological Techniques ; Nucleic Acid Chemistry
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction --- Health and Safety Considerations --- Sample Collection and Storage --- Low-Cost DNA Extraction --- PCR Amplification for Low-Cost Mutation Discovery --- Enzymatic Mismatch Cleavage and Agarose Gel Evaluation of Samples --- Alternative Enzymology for Mismatch Cleavage for TILLING and Ecotilling: Extraction of Enzymes form Common Weedy Plants --- Example Data --- Conclusions.  
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 35 pages) , 9 illustrations, 3 illustrations in color
    ISBN: 9783319162591
    Language: English
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  • 17
    Keywords: Life sciences ; Genetic engineering ; Agriculture ; Plant physiology ; Plant breeding ; Life Sciences ; Plant Breeding/Biotechnology ; Agriculture ; Genetic Engineering ; Plant Physiology
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction --- Objectives --- Protocol for measuring soil salinity --- Protocol for screening for salt tolerance in rice --- Protocol for screening for salt tolerance in barley and wheat.  
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 37 pages) , 7 illustrations, 6 illustrations in color
    ISBN: 9783319265902
    Language: English
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  • 18
    Keywords: Biomedical engineering ; Sports medicine ; Biomedical Engineering/Biotechnology ; Sports Medicine ; Biomedical Engineering
    Description / Table of Contents: Retention Requirements for Alpine Ski Bindings --- Helmet Use and Self-Reported Risk Taking in Skiing and Snowboarding --- Evaluating the Performance of Helmet Linings Incorporating Fluid Channels --- Polarizing Filters in Ski Sports --- Emergency Release for Winter Sports Equipment --- Analyzing the Riding Behavior of Recreational Skiers and Snowboarders --- Reaction Times of Skiers and Snowboarders --- Gender-Specific Effects of Smoking and Alcohol Consumption on the Risk of Falling in Downhill Skiers --- Hydration Packs Modify Professional Skiers Hydration Levels in All Day Skiing: A Randomized Controlled Trial --- Are ACL Injuries Related to Perceived Fatigue in Female Skiers? --- Aging Trends in Alpine Skiing --- Skiing and Boarding Injuries on Norwegian Slopes during Two Winter Seasons --- Skiing and Snowboarding Injuries in the Czech Republic in Winter Seasons 2003–2008 --- Relative Motion of ACL Insertion Points In Vivo: A Case Study, Including Skiing Maneuvers --- Jumper Kinematics on Terrain Park Jumps: Relationship between Takeoff Speed and Distance Traveled --- Reaction Forces and Moments in Carved Turns
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 206 pages) , 61 illustrations, 39 illustrations in color
    ISBN: 9783319527550
    Language: English
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  • 19
    Keywords: Life sciences ; Animal ecology ; Community ecology, Biotic ; Environmental monitoring ; Life Sciences ; Animal Ecology ; Community & Population Ecology ; Monitoring/Environmental Analysis
    Description / Table of Contents: FOREWORD --- 2. GENERAL INTRODUCTION --- 2.1. Background analysis --- 2.2. Migratory Birds and HPAI --- 2.3. Using SIA to understand the dissemination of HPAI – The way ahead! --- 3. ANIMAL MIGRATION TRACKING METHODS --- 3.1. Extrinsic Markers --- 3.2. Intrinsic Markers --- 3.3. The Stable Isotopes of Water on a Spatial Scale --- 3.4. Deriving isoscapes in the absence of GNIP data --- 3.5. Use of Stable Isotopes in Migration Studies --- 3.6. Approaches for Determining Migratory Connectivity --- 4. PRACTICAL CONSIDERATIONS --- 4.1. Sample Collection and Tissue Preparation --- 4.2. Other Stable Isotopes for Migration Research --- 5. REFERENCES
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XII, 49 pages) , 15 illustrations, 4 illustrations in color
    ISBN: 9783319282985
    Language: English
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  • 20
    Unknown
    Cham : Springer
    Keywords: Life sciences ; Aquatic ecology ; Life Sciences ; Freshwater & Marine Ecology
    Description / Table of Contents: Foreword --- Preface --- Part 1 A brief history of marine litter research --- Part 2 Abiotic aspects of marine litter pollution --- Global distribution, composition and abundance of marine litter --- Persistence of plastic litter in the oceans --- Part 3 Biological implications of marine litter --- Deleterious effects of litter on marine life --- The complex mixture, fate and toxicity of chemicals associated with plastic debris in the marine environment --- Marine litter as habitat and dispersal vector --- Part 4 Micro plastics --- Micro plastics in the marine environment: sources, consequences and solutions --- Methodology used for the detection and identification of micro plastics – a critical appraisal --- Sources and pathways of micro plastics to habitats --- Micro plastics in the marine environment: distribution, interactions and effects --- Modeling the role of micro plastics in bioaccumulation of organic chemicals to marine aquatic organisms. A critical review --- Nano plastics in the aquatic environment. Critical review --- Part 5 Socio-economic implications of marine anthropogenic litter --- Micro and nano-plastics and human health --- The economics of marine litter --- Regulation and management of marine litter --- Marine litter and the contribution of citizen science
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVIII, 447 pages) , 68 illustrations, 35 illustrations in color
    ISBN: 9783319165103
    Language: English
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  • 21
    Keywords: Toxicology ; Medicine ; Human physiology ; Immunology ; Cytology ; Pharmacology/Toxicology ; Molecular Medicine ; Human Physiology ; Immunology ; Cell Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Preface --- Part 1. Physiology of HDL --- Part 2. Pathology of HDL --- Part 3. Possible Indications and Target Mechanisms of HDL Therapy --- Part 4. Treatments for Dyslipidemias and Dysfunction of HDL
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIII, 694 pages) , 40 illustrations, 37 illustrations in color
    ISBN: 9783319096650
    Language: English
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  • 22
    Unknown
    Cham : Springer
    Keywords: Medicine ; Human physiology ; Neurosciences ; Endocrinology ; Cell biology ; Biomedicine ; Human Physiology ; Endocrinology ; Cell Biology ; Neurosciences
    Description / Table of Contents: The Epigenetic And Metabolic Language Of the Circadian Clock --- Molecular Architecture of the Circadian Clock in Mammals --- Circadian Mechanisms in Bioenergetics and Cell Metabolism --- Control of metabolism by central and peripheral clocks in Drosophila --- Circadian post-transcriptional control of metabolism --- Redox and Metabolic Oscillations in the Clockwork --- Rev-erbs: Integrating Metabolism Around the Clock --- Control of sleep-wake cycles in Drosophila --- Circadian metabolomics: insights for biology and medicine --- Rhythms within rhythms: the importance of oscillations for glucocorticoid hormones --- The genetics of autism spectrum disorders.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIII, 132 pages) , 28 illustrations, 26 illustrations in color
    ISBN: 9783319270692
    Language: English
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  • 23
    Keywords: Life sciences ; Genetic engineering ; Agriculture ; Plant genetics ; Plant breeding ; Life Sciences ; Plant Breeding/Biotechnology ; Agriculture ; Genetic Engineering ; Plant Genetics & Genomics
    Description / Table of Contents: Mutagenesis for Crop Breeding and Functional Genomics --- Chemical and Physical Mutagenesis in Jatropha curcas --- Chemical Mutagenesis and Chimera Dissolution in Vegetatively Propagated Banana --- Mutation Induction Using Gamma Irradiation and Embryogenic Cell Suspensions in Plantain (Musa spp.) --- Optimization of Somatic Embryogenesis in Cassava --- Creation of a TILLING Population in Barley after Chemical Mutagenesis with Sodium Azide and MNU --- Site-Directed Mutagenesis in Barley by Expression of TALE Nuclease in Embryogenic Pollen --- Doubled Haploidy as a Tool for Chimera Dissolution of TALEN-Induced Mutations in Barley --- Field Evaluation of Mutagenized Rice Material --- Root Phenotyping Pipeline for Cereal Plants --- Breeding New Aromatic Rice with High Iron using Gamma Radiation and Hybridization --- Utilizing NIRS for Qualitative and Non-Destructive Identification of Seed Mutants in Large Populations --- Protocols for Proteome Analyses of Jatropha curcas --- Low-Cost Methods for DNA Extraction and Quantification --- A Protocol for Benchtop Extraction of Single-Strand-Specific Nucleases for Mutation Discovery --- A Protocol for Validation of Doubled Haploid Plants by Enzymatic Mismatch Cleavage --- Bioinformatics-Based Assessment of the Relevance of Candidate Genes for Mutation Discovery --- Mutation Detection by Analysis of DNA Heteroduplexes in TILLING Populations of Diploid Species --- Determining Mutation Density using Restriction Enzyme Sequence Comparative Analysis (RESCAN) --- Next-Generation Sequencing for Targeted Discovery of Rare Mutations in Rice
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XX, 340 pages) , 76 illustrations, 69 illustrations in color
    ISBN: 9783319450216
    Language: English
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  • 24
    Keywords: Medicine ; Public health ; Medical research ; Quality of life ; Biomedicine ; Biomedicine general ; Public Health ; Quality of Life Research
    Description / Table of Contents: Preface.- Data and Methods.- Population Norms for the EQ-5D --- Cross-Country Analysis of EQ-5D Data --- Socio-demographic Indicators based on EQ-5D --- Annex 1 --- Annex 2
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XV, 196 pages) , 14 illustrations, 9 illustrations in color
    ISBN: 9789400775961
    Language: English
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  • 25
    Keywords: Medicine ; Public health ; Medical research ; Quality of life ; Biomedicine ; Biomedicine general ; Public Health ; Quality of Life Research
    Description / Table of Contents: Preface.- Data and Methods.- Population Norms for the EQ-5D --- Cross-Country Analysis of EQ-5D Data --- Socio-demographic Indicators based on EQ-5D --- Annex 1 --- Annex 2
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XV, 196 pages) , 14 illustrations, 9 illustrations in color
    ISBN: 9789400775961
    Language: English
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  • 26
    Unknown
    Cham : Springer
    Keywords: Life sciences ; Aquatic ecology ; Life Sciences ; Freshwater & Marine Ecology
    Description / Table of Contents: Foreword --- Preface --- Part 1 A brief history of marine litter research --- Part 2 Abiotic aspects of marine litter pollution --- Global distribution, composition and abundance of marine litter --- Persistence of plastic litter in the oceans --- Part 3 Biological implications of marine litter --- Deleterious effects of litter on marine life --- The complex mixture, fate and toxicity of chemicals associated with plastic debris in the marine environment --- Marine litter as habitat and dispersal vector --- Part 4 Micro plastics --- Micro plastics in the marine environment: sources, consequences and solutions --- Methodology used for the detection and identification of micro plastics – a critical appraisal --- Sources and pathways of micro plastics to habitats --- Micro plastics in the marine environment: distribution, interactions and effects --- Modeling the role of micro plastics in bioaccumulation of organic chemicals to marine aquatic organisms. A critical review --- Nano plastics in the aquatic environment. Critical review --- Part 5 Socio-economic implications of marine anthropogenic litter --- Micro and nano-plastics and human health --- The economics of marine litter --- Regulation and management of marine litter --- Marine litter and the contribution of citizen science
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVIII, 447 pages) , 68 illustrations, 35 illustrations in color
    ISBN: 9783319165103
    Language: English
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  • 27
    Keywords: Life sciences ; Food ; Biotechnology ; Environmental sciences ; Agriculture ; Life Sciences ; Agriculture ; Food Science ; Environmental Science and Engineering
    Description / Table of Contents: Part I : Agro-Food Systems --- Food Security in the Southern Mediterranean/North Africa --- Sustainability in cereal crop production in Mediterranean environments --- Innovative crop productions for healthy foods: the case of Chia --- The hidden costs of livestock environmental sustainability: the case of Podolian cattle --- Feeding, nutrition and sustainability in dairy enterprises: the case of Mediterranean buffaloes (bubalus bubalis) --- Sustainability of sheep and goat production systems --- The role of local sheep and goat breeds and their products as a tool for sustainability and safeguard of the Mediterranean environment --- Innovative use of jenny milk from sustainable rearing --- Sustainable agricultural practices in disease defence of traditional crops in Southern Italy: the case study of tomato cherry protected by Trichoderma harzianum T-22 against Cucumber mosaic virus --- Development of integrated disease control measures for the valorisation of traditional crops in Southern Italy: the case study of "Fagiolo di Sarconi" --- Fostering sustainable climate change adaptations: a case study of the Turkish Cypriot Community’s adoption of pomegranate farming --- The role of women in the sustainability of the wine industry through the analysis of case studies --- Part II : Natural Resource Systems and Environment --- The effects of climate change on the multifunctional role of Basilicata’s forests: the effects induced on yield and CO2 absorption --- Wildlife agriculture interactions, spatial analysis and trade-off between environmental sustainability and risk of economic damage --- The sustainability of non-renewable resources use at regional level: a case study on allocation of oil royalties --- Land use sector involvement in mitigation policies across carbon markets --- Evaluating the role of soil variability on potential groundwater pollution and recharge in a Mediterranean agricultural watershed --- Grazing and biodiversity conservation: highlights on a Nature 2000 network site --- Evaluation of native grasses for sustainable turfgrass in the bioclimatic Mediterranean Region.-Biodiversity of hypogeous fungi in Basilicata --- Part III: New technologies --- New technologies for the sustainable management and planning of rural land and environment --- Processing plants and technologies for a sustainable Mediterranean food chain --- Geophysical techniques for plant, soil and root research related to Satellite technologies to support the sustainability of agricultural production --- Electrolyzed water in the food industry as supporting of environmental sustainability
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXVIII, 397 pages) , 80 illustrations, 48 illustrations in color
    ISBN: 9783319163574
    Language: English
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  • 28
    Keywords: Life sciences ; Biodiversity ; Nature conservation ; Life Sciences ; Biodiversity ; Nature Conservation ; Plant Systematics/Taxonomy/Biogeography ; Animal Systematics/Taxonomy/Biogeography
    Description / Table of Contents: Phylogenetics and conservation biology: drawing a path into the diversity of life --- The value of phylogenetic diversity --- The PD phylogenetic diversity framework: linking evolutionary history to feature diversity for biodiversity conservation --- Reconsidering the loss of evolutionary history: how does non-random extinction prune the tree-of-life?- Phylogenetics and conservation in New Zealand: the long and the short of it --- What is the meaning of extreme phylogenetic diversity? The case of phylogenetic relict species --- Using phylogenetic dissimilarities among sites for biodiversity assessments and conservation --- Phylogenetic diversity measures and their decomposition: a framework based on hill numbers --- Split diversity: measuring and optimizing biodiversity using phylogenetic split networks --- The rarefaction of phylogenetic diversity: formulation, extension and application --- Support in area prioritization using phylogenetic information --- Assessing hotspots of evolutionary history with data from multiple phylogenies: an analysis of endemic clades from New Caledonia --- Representing hotspots of evolutionary history in systematic conservation planning for European mammals --- Priorities for conservation of the evolutionary history of amphibians in the cerrado --- Global spatial analyses of phylogenetic conservation priorities for aquatic mammals --- Metapopulation capacity meets evolutionary distinctness: spatial fragmentation complements phylogenetic rarity in prioritization. - Patterns of species, phylogenetic and mimicry diversity of clearwing butterflies in the Neotropics --- Conservation of phylogenetic diversity in Madagascar’s largest endemic plant family, Sarcolaenaceae --- The future of phylogenetic systematics in conservation biology: linking biodiversity and society
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVII, 390 pages) , 79 illustrations
    ISBN: 9783319224619
    Language: English
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  • 29
    Keywords: Life sciences ; Ecosystems ; Sustainable development ; Natural resources ; Agricultural economics ; Life Sciences ; Ecosystems ; Sustainable Development ; Agricultural Economics ; Natural Resource and Energy Economics ; Natural Resources
    Description / Table of Contents: 1. Introduction --- Part I: Bioeconomy Concepts and Research Methods --- Chapter 2: Context --- Chapter 3: Bioeconomy concepts --- Chapter 4: Core principles --- Chapter 4: Inter- and Transdisciplinarity in the Bioeconomy --- Part II: Knowledge Base for Biobased Value Chains --- Chapter 5:Biobased Resources and Value Chains --- Chapter 6: Primary Production --- Chapter 7: Processing of Biobased Resources --- Chapter 8: Markets, Sustainability management and Entrepreneurship.- Part III: Transition to a Sustainable Bioeconomy --- Chapter9:  Modelling and Tools Supporting the Transition to a Bioeconomy --- Chapter 10: Environmental Economics, the Bioeconomy and the Role of Government --- Chapter 11: Economic Growth, Development, and Innovation – The Transformation towards a Knowledge-based Bioeconomy --- Chapter 12: The Bioeconomist
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VI, 354 pages) , 165 illustrations, 139 illustrations in color
    ISBN: 9783319681528
    Language: English
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  • 30
    Keywords: aerospace ; microgravity ; space ethics ; aviation medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: 1. Reimagining Icarus: Ethics, Law and Policy Considerations for Commercial Human Spaceflight / By Sara M. Langston --- 2. Basic Methodology for Space Ethics / By Tony Milligan --- 3. From the Individual to the Cultural Space Group / By Carole Tafforin --- 4. Acute and Chronic Effects of Hypobaric Exposure upon the Brain / By Paul Sherman and John Sladky --- 5. Spaceflight Induced Changes in the Central Nervous System / By Alex P. Michael --- 6. The Effect of Gravity on the Nervous System / By Florian P.M. Kohn, Claudia Koch and Ramona Ritzmann --- 7. Spaceflight: Immune Effects and Nutritional Countermeasure / By Anil D Kulkarni, Marie-Francoise Doursout, Asmita Kulkarni, Alamelu Sundaresan, Takehito Miura, Koji Wakame and Hajime Fujii --- 8. Countermeasure Development for Lumbopelvic Deconditioning in Space / By Andrew Winnard, Dorothee Debuse and Nick Caplan --- 9. Tumor Cells in Microgravity / By Jun Chen --- 10. Plants in Space / By Bratislav Stankovic --- 11. Approaches to Assess the Suitability of Zooplankton for Bioregenerative Life Support Systems / By Miriam Knie, Bernard Wolfschoon Ribeiro, Jessica Fischer, Burkhard Schmitz, Kay Van Damme, Ruth Hemmersbach, Donat-P. Häder and Christian Laforsch --- 12. Are We Alone? The Search for Life on Mars and Other Planetary Bodies / By Stephanie A. Smith, Andrzej Paszczynski and Susan E. Childers --- 13. Exploring the Stratosphere: What We Missed by Shooting for the Moon / By Laura Galdamez --- 14. The Mortality of Space Explorers / By Robert J. Reynolds and Steven M. Day
    ISBN: 9781789232219
    Language: English
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  • 31
    Keywords: fractal geometry ; fractal analysis ; fractals ; application ; medicine ; social sciences
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1: Fractal Analysis of Cardiovascular Signals Empowering the Bioengineering Knowledge by Ricardo L. Armentano, Walter Legnani and Leandro J. Cymberknop --- Chapter 2: Complex Systems with Self-Elimination of Dissipation with Implication in Bio-Structural Behavior Via Nondifferentiability by Maricel Agop, Decebal Vasincu, Daniel Timofte, Elena Simona Bacaita, Andrei Agop and Stefan Andrei Irimiciuc --- Chapter 3: The Fractal Analysis of the Images and Signals in Medical Diagnostics by Tayurskii Dmitrii Albertovich and Rusanova Inna Aleksandrovna --- Chapter 4: Polyadic Cantor Fractals: Characterization, Generation, and Application as Ultrasonic Lenses by Sergio Castiñeira-Ibañez, Daniel Tarrazó-Serrano, José Miguel Fuster, Pilar Candelas and Constanza Rubio --- Chapter 5: Fractal to Non-Fractal Morphological Transitions in Stochastic Growth Processes by José Roberto Nicolás-Carlock, Víctor Dossetti and José Luis Carrillo- Estrada --- Chapter 6: The Altepetl: Fractal Modeling of a Pre-Hispanic Human Agency by Fernando López Aguilar --- Chapter 7: Fractal Analysis Based on Hierarchical Scaling in Complex Systems by Yanguang Chen --- Chapter 8: Characterization of Cultural Traits by Means of Fractal Analysis by Sabrina Farías-Pelayo --- Chapter 9: On Self-Affine and Self-Similar Graphs of Fractal Interpolation Functions Generated from Iterated Function Systems by Sean Dillon and Vasileios Drakopoulos --- Chapter 10: Pair-Pair Angular Correlation Function by Filipe Leoncio Braga and Alexandre Barbosa de Souza
    Pages: Online-Ressource (224 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9789535132141
    Language: English
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  • 32
    Keywords: Life sciences ; Virology ; Animal ecology ; Aquatic ecology ; Conservation biology ; Ecology ; Wildlife ; Fish ; Environmental health ; Life Sciences ; Animal Ecology ; Environmental Health ; Fish & Wildlife Biology & Management ; Virology ; Freshwater & Marine Ecology ; Conservation Biology/Ecology
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction --- Distribution and Phylogeny of Ranaviruses --- Host-pathogen Ecology and Evolution --- Molecular Biology of Ranaviruses --- Immune Evasion and Host Immunity --- Pathology and Diagnostics --- Design and Analysis of Ranavirus Studies --- Global Ranavirus Consortium
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 246 pages) , 25 illustrations, 21 illustrations in color
    ISBN: 9783319137551
    Language: English
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  • 33
    Keywords: Life sciences ; Human physiology ; Food ; Biotechnology ; Microbiology ; Life Sciences ; Food Microbiology ; Food Science ; Human Physiology
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction --- Gastrointestinal digestion models, general introduction --- Static digestion models general introduction --- InfoGest consensus method --- Approaches to static digestion models --- Dynamic digestion models general introduction --- The TNO gastro-Intestinal Model (TIM) --- Dynamic Gastric Model (DGM) --- Human Gastric Simulator (Riddet model) --- The DIDGI® System --- General introduction to cells, cell lines and cell culture --- Epithelial cell models; General introduction --- Caco-2 cell line --- HT29 cell line --- The IPEC-J2 cell line --- Co-cultivation of Caco-2 and HT-29MT --- Innate and adaptive immune cells; General introduction --- THP-1 and U937 cells --- Peripheral blood mononuclear cells --- PBMC-derived T cells --- Dendritic Cells --- Co-culture Caco-2/ immune cells --- Enteroendocrine Cell Models: General introduction --- STC-1 cells --- NCI-H716 cells --- Murine GLUTag cells --- In vitro intestinal tissue models: General introduction --- Intestinal crypt organoids as experimental models --- Porcine ex vivo intestinal segment model --- Ussing chamber --- In vitro fermentation models: General Introduction --- One compartment fermentation model --- The TNO in vitro model of the colon - TIM-2 --- The Simulator of the Human Intestinal Microbial Ecosystem – SHIME® --- The computer-controlled multicompartmental dynamic model of the gastrointestinal system SIMGI
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVII, 338 pages) , 57 illustrations, 35 illustrations in color
    ISBN: 9783319161044
    Language: English
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  • 34
    Keywords: Life sciences ; Developmental biology ; Evolutionary biology ; Animal genetics ; Entomology ; Biomathematics ; Life Sciences ; Animal Genetics and Genomics ; Evolutionary Biology ; Mathematical and Computational Biology ; Developmental Biology ; Entomology
    Description / Table of Contents: Foreword --- Preface --- Contributors --- Part I. The Nympalid Groundplan (NGP) and Diversification --- Chapter1:The common developmental origin of eyespots and parafocal elements;And a new model-mechanism for color pattern formation --- Chapter2:Exploring color pattern diversification in early lineages of Satyrinae (Nymphalidae) --- Chapter3:Camouflage variation on a theme of the Nymphalid Ground Plan --- Chapter4:Morphological evolution repeatedly caused by mutations in signaling ligand genes --- Part II. Eyespots and Evolution --- Chapter5:Physiology and evolution of wing pattern plasticity in Bicyclus butterflies: a critical review ofthe literature --- Chapter6:Spatial variation in boundary conditions can govern selection and location of eyespots inbutterfly wings --- Chapter7:Self-Similarity, Distortion Waves, and the Essence of Morphogenesis: A Generalized View ofColor Pattern Formation in Butterfly Wings --- Part III. Developmental Genetics --- Chapter8:A practical guide to CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing in Lepidoptera --- Chapter9:What can we learn about adaptation from the wing pattern genetics of Heliconiusbutterflies? --- Chapter10:Molecular mechanism and evolutionary process underlying female-limited Batesian mimicry in Papilio polytes --- Part IV. Ecological Aspects and Adaptation --- Chapter11:Chemical Ecology of Poisonous Butterflies: Model or Mimic?— A Paradox of Sexual Dimorphisms in Müllerian Mimicry --- Chapter12:A model for population dynamics of the mimetic butterfly Papilio polytesin Sakishima Islands, Japan (II) --- Chapter13:Evolutionary trends in phenotypic elements of seasonal forms of the tribe Junoniini(Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) --- Chapter14:Estimating the mating success of male butterflies in the field.-Part V. Color Patterns of Larva and Other Insects --- Chapter15:Molecular Mechanisms of Larval Color Pattern Switch in the Swallowtail Butterfly --- Chapter16:Drosophila guttifera as a model system for elucidating color pattern formation --- Chapter17:Molecular mechanisms underlying color vision and color formation in dragonflies
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XII, 321 pages) , 103 illustrations, 89 illustrations in color
    ISBN: 9789811049569
    Language: English
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  • 35
    Unknown
    Cham : Springer
    Keywords: Medicine ; Human genetics ; Neurosciences ; Biomedical engineering ; Biomedicine ; Human Genetics ; Neurosciences ; Biomedical Engineering/Biotechnology
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction --- In vitro modeling of complex neurological diseases --- Aquatic model organisms in neurosciences : the genome editing revolution --- Genome-wide genetic screening in the mammalian CNS --- CRISPR/Cas9-mediated Knockin and Knockout in Zebrafish --- Dissecting the role of synaptic proteins with CRISPR --- Recurrently Breaking Genes in Neural Progenitors: Potential Roles of DNA Breaks in Neuronal Function, Degeneration and Cancer --- Neuroscience research using non-human primate models and genome editing --- Multiscale genome engineering: Genome-wide screens and targeted approaches --- Using Genome Engineering to Understand Huntington’s Disease --- Therapeutic gene editing in muscles and muscle stem cells
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XI, 123 pages) , 16 illustrations in color
    ISBN: 9783319601922
    Language: English
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  • 36
    Keywords: Life sciences ; Cell biology ; Developmental biology ; Plant science ; Botany ; Life Sciences ; Developmental Biology ; Plant Sciences ; Cell Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Part 1 Sperm Attraction, Activation and Acrosome Reaction --- 1 Sperm Chemotaxis: The First Authentication Events Between Conspecific Gametes Prior to Fertilization (Manabu Yoshida) --- 2 Respiratory CO2 Mediates Sperm Chemotaxis in Squids (Noritaka Hirohashi) --- 3 Specific Mechanism of Sperm Storage in Avian Oviducts (Tomohiro Sasanami) --- 4 Allurin: Exploring the Activity of a Frog Sperm Chemoattractant in Mammals (Douglas E. Chandler) --- 5 Structure, Function and Phylogenetic Consideration of Calaxin (Kazuo Inaba) --- 6 Cl- Channels and Transporters in Sperm Physiology (Alberto Darszon) --- 7 Equatorin-related Subcellular and Molecular Events During Sperm Priming for Fertilization in Mice (Kiyotaka Toshimori) --- 8 Acrosome Reaction-mediated Motility Initiation that is Critical for the Internal Fertilization of Urodele Amphibians (Akihiko Watanabe) --- 9 Analysis of the Mechanism that Brings Protein Disulfide Isomerase-P5 to Inhibit Oxidative Refolding of Lysozyme (Miho Miyakawa) --- Part 2 Gametogenesis, Gamete Recognition, Activation, and Evolution --- 10 Effect of Relaxin-like Gonad-Stimulating Substance (GSS) on Gamete Shedding and 1-Methyladenine Production in Starfish Ovaries (Masatoshi Mita) --- 11 Incapacity of 1-Methyladenine Production to Relaxin-like Gonad-Stimulating Substance (GSS) in Ca2+-free Seawater-treated Starfish Ovarian Follicle Cells (Masatoshi Mita) --- 12 Novel Isoform of Vitellogenin Expressed in Eggs is a Binding Partner of the Sperm Proteases, HrProacrosin and HrSermosin, in the Ascidian Halocynthia roretzi (Hitoshi Sawada) --- 13 Actin Cytoskeleton and Fertilization in Starfish Eggs (Luigia Santella) --- 14 Focused Proteomics on Egg Membrane Microdomains to Elucidate the Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Fertilization in the African Clawed Frog Xenopus laevis (Ken-ichi Sato) --- 15 Egg Activation in Polyspermy: Its Molecular Mechanisms and Evolution in Vertebrates (Yasuhiro Iwao ) --- 16 ATP Imaging in Xenopus laevis Oocyte (Takashi Ijiri) --- 17 Mitochondrial Activation and Nitric Oxide (NO) Release at Fertilization in Echinoderm Eggs (Tatsuma Mohri) --- 18 Functional Roles of Spe Genes in the Male Germline During Reproduction of Caenorhabditis elegans (Hitoshi Nishimura) --- 19 Origin of Female/Male Gender as Deduced by the Mating Type Loci of the Colonial Volvocalean Greens (Hisayoshi Nozaki) --- Part 3 Allorecognition in Male–Female Interaction --- 20 Allorecognition and Lysin Systems During Ascidian Fertilization (Hitoshi Sawada) --- 21 Self-incompatibility in the Brassicaceae (Megumi Iwano) --- 22 Signalling Events in Pollen Acceptance or Rejection in the Arabidopsis Species (Daphne R. Goring) --- 23 Papaver rhoeas S-Determinants and the Signaling Networks they Trigger (Vernonica E. Franklin-Tong ) --- 24 S-RNase-based Self-incompatibility in Petunia: A Complex Non-self Recognition System Between Pollen and Pistil (Teh-hui Kao) --- 25 Self-incompatibility System of Ipomoea trifida, a Wild-type Sweet Potato (Tohru Tsuchiya) --- Part 4 Male–Female Interaction and Gamete Fusion --- 26 Profiling the GCS1-based Gamete Fusion Mechanism (Toshiyuki Mori) --- 27 Fertilization Mechanisms of the Rodent Malarial Parasite Plasmodium berghei (Makoto Hirai) --- 28 Sexual Reproduction of a Unicellular Charophycean Alga, Closterium peracerosum-strogosum-littorale Complex (Hiroyuki Sekimoto) --- 29 Fertilization of Brown Algae: Flagellar Function in Phototaxis and Chemotaxis (Taizo Motomura ) --- 30 Gene and Protein Expression Profiles in Rice Gametes and Zygotes: A Cue for Understanding the Mechanisms of Gametic and Early Zygotic Development in Angiosperms (Takashi Okamoto) --- 31 Role of CD9 in Sperm-Egg Fusion and Virus-induced Cell Fusion in Mammals (Kenji Miyado) --- 32 The Mechanism of Sperm-Egg Fusion in Mouse and the Involvement of IZUMO1 (Naokazu Inoue) --- 33 A ZP2 Cleavage Model of Gamete Recognition and the Post-fertilization Block to Polyspermy (Jurrien Dean) --- 34 Involvement of Carbohydrate Residues of the Zona Pellucida in In Vitro Sperm Recognition in Pigs and Cattle (Naoto Yonezawa) --- Part 5 Organella, Proteolysis, and New Techniques --- 35 The Role of Peroxisomes in Plant Reproductive Processes (Shoji Mano) --- 36 Regulation of Vacuole-mediated Programmed Cell Death During Innate Immunity and Reproductive Development in Plants (Tomoko Koyano) --- 37 Sperm Proteasomes as a Putative Egg Coat Lysin in Mammals (Peter Sutovsky) --- 38 Germline Transformation in the Ascidian Ciona intestinalis (Yasunori Sasakura) --- BM Index.  
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XII, 480 pages) , 127 illustrations, 102 illustrations in color
    ISBN: 9784431545897
    Language: English
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  • 37
    Keywords: Life sciences ; Science ; Urban planning ; City planning ; Urban ecology (Biology) ; System theory ; International environmental law ; Sustainable development ; Life Sciences ; Urban Ecology ; Urbanism ; Sustainable Development ; Complex Systems ; Science, general ; International Environmental Law
    Description / Table of Contents: 1. A global outlook on urbanization --- 2. History of urbanization and the missing ecology --- 3. Urbanization and global trends in biodiversity and ecosystem services --- 4. Regional assessment of Asia.- 5. Sub-regional assessment of China: Urbanization in biodiversity hotspots --- 6. Sub-regional assessment of India --- 7. Local assessment of Bangalore.- 8. Local assessment of Tokyo --- 9. Local assessment of Shanghai --- 10. Patterns and trends in urban biodiversity and landscape design --- 11. Urban ecosystem services.- 12. Shrinking cities, biodiversity and ecosystem services --- 13. Regional assessments of Europe --- 14. Regional assessment of North America --- 15. Regional assessment of Oceania --- 16. Local assessment of Istanbul: Biodiversity and ecosystem services --- 17. Local assessment of Stockholm --- 18. Local assessment of Chicago --- 19. Local assessment of New York City.-20. Local assessment of Melbourne --- 21. A synthesis of global urbanization projections --- 22. Urbanization forecasts, effects on land use, biodiversity, and ecosystem services --- 23. Regional assessment of Africa --- 24. Local assessment of Cape Town.- 25. Climate change and urban biodiversity vulnerability --- 26. Feeding cities --- 27. Urban governance of biodiversity and ecosystem services --- 28. Regional assessment of Latin America --- 29. Local assessment of Rio de Janeiro.- 30. Urban landscapes as learning arenas for biodiversity and ecosystem services management --- 31. Restoration ecology in an urbanizing world --- 32. Indicators for management of urban biodiversity and ecosystem services --- 33. Stewardship of the Biosphere in the Urban Era
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXVIII, 755 pages) , 150 illustrations, 23 illustrations in color
    ISBN: 9789400770881
    Language: English
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  • 38
    Keywords: Life sciences ; Biodiversity ; Nature conservation ; Life Sciences ; Biodiversity ; Nature Conservation ; Plant Systematics/Taxonomy/Biogeography ; Animal Systematics/Taxonomy/Biogeography
    Description / Table of Contents: Phylogenetics and conservation biology: drawing a path into the diversity of life --- The value of phylogenetic diversity --- The PD phylogenetic diversity framework: linking evolutionary history to feature diversity for biodiversity conservation --- Reconsidering the loss of evolutionary history: how does non-random extinction prune the tree-of-life?- Phylogenetics and conservation in New Zealand: the long and the short of it --- What is the meaning of extreme phylogenetic diversity? The case of phylogenetic relict species --- Using phylogenetic dissimilarities among sites for biodiversity assessments and conservation --- Phylogenetic diversity measures and their decomposition: a framework based on hill numbers --- Split diversity: measuring and optimizing biodiversity using phylogenetic split networks --- The rarefaction of phylogenetic diversity: formulation, extension and application --- Support in area prioritization using phylogenetic information --- Assessing hotspots of evolutionary history with data from multiple phylogenies: an analysis of endemic clades from New Caledonia --- Representing hotspots of evolutionary history in systematic conservation planning for European mammals --- Priorities for conservation of the evolutionary history of amphibians in the cerrado --- Global spatial analyses of phylogenetic conservation priorities for aquatic mammals --- Metapopulation capacity meets evolutionary distinctness: spatial fragmentation complements phylogenetic rarity in prioritization. - Patterns of species, phylogenetic and mimicry diversity of clearwing butterflies in the Neotropics --- Conservation of phylogenetic diversity in Madagascar’s largest endemic plant family, Sarcolaenaceae --- The future of phylogenetic systematics in conservation biology: linking biodiversity and society
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVII, 390 pages) , 79 illustrations
    ISBN: 9783319224619
    Language: English
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  • 39
    Keywords: Medicine ; Proteins ; Biology ; Technique ; Biomedicine ; Biomedicine general ; Protein Science ; Protein-Ligand Interactions ; Biological Techniques
    Description / Table of Contents: Supramolecular Protein Ligands – Unexplored Teritory Of Potential Pharmacological Activity --- Supramolecular Congo Red As Specific Ligand Of Antibodies Engaged In Immune Complex --- Protein Conditioning For Binding Congo Red And Other Supramolecular Ligands --- Metal Ions Introduced To Proteins By Supramolecular Ligands --- Possible Mechanism Of Amyloidogenesis Of V Domains --- Supramolecular Structures As Carrier Systems Enabling The Use Of Metal Ions In Antibacterial Therapy --- Congo Red Interactions With Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XII, 136 pages) , 98 illustrations, 44 illustrations in color
    ISBN: 9783319656397
    Language: English
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  • 40
    Keywords: Life sciences ; Food ; Biotechnology ; Environmental sciences ; Agriculture ; Life Sciences ; Agriculture ; Food Science ; Environmental Science and Engineering
    Description / Table of Contents: Part I : Agro-Food Systems --- Food Security in the Southern Mediterranean/North Africa --- Sustainability in cereal crop production in Mediterranean environments --- Innovative crop productions for healthy foods: the case of Chia --- The hidden costs of livestock environmental sustainability: the case of Podolian cattle --- Feeding, nutrition and sustainability in dairy enterprises: the case of Mediterranean buffaloes (bubalus bubalis) --- Sustainability of sheep and goat production systems --- The role of local sheep and goat breeds and their products as a tool for sustainability and safeguard of the Mediterranean environment --- Innovative use of jenny milk from sustainable rearing --- Sustainable agricultural practices in disease defence of traditional crops in Southern Italy: the case study of tomato cherry protected by Trichoderma harzianum T-22 against Cucumber mosaic virus --- Development of integrated disease control measures for the valorisation of traditional crops in Southern Italy: the case study of "Fagiolo di Sarconi" --- Fostering sustainable climate change adaptations: a case study of the Turkish Cypriot Community’s adoption of pomegranate farming --- The role of women in the sustainability of the wine industry through the analysis of case studies --- Part II : Natural Resource Systems and Environment --- The effects of climate change on the multifunctional role of Basilicata’s forests: the effects induced on yield and CO2 absorption --- Wildlife agriculture interactions, spatial analysis and trade-off between environmental sustainability and risk of economic damage --- The sustainability of non-renewable resources use at regional level: a case study on allocation of oil royalties --- Land use sector involvement in mitigation policies across carbon markets --- Evaluating the role of soil variability on potential groundwater pollution and recharge in a Mediterranean agricultural watershed --- Grazing and biodiversity conservation: highlights on a Nature 2000 network site --- Evaluation of native grasses for sustainable turfgrass in the bioclimatic Mediterranean Region.-Biodiversity of hypogeous fungi in Basilicata --- Part III: New technologies --- New technologies for the sustainable management and planning of rural land and environment --- Processing plants and technologies for a sustainable Mediterranean food chain --- Geophysical techniques for plant, soil and root research related to Satellite technologies to support the sustainability of agricultural production --- Electrolyzed water in the food industry as supporting of environmental sustainability
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXVIII, 397 pages) , 80 illustrations, 48 illustrations in color
    ISBN: 9783319163574
    Language: English
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  • 41
    Keywords: Life sciences ; Ecosystems ; Sustainable development ; Natural resources ; Agricultural economics ; Life Sciences ; Ecosystems ; Sustainable Development ; Agricultural Economics ; Natural Resource and Energy Economics ; Natural Resources
    Description / Table of Contents: 1. Introduction --- Part I: Bioeconomy Concepts and Research Methods --- Chapter 2: Context --- Chapter 3: Bioeconomy concepts --- Chapter 4: Core principles --- Chapter 4: Inter- and Transdisciplinarity in the Bioeconomy --- Part II: Knowledge Base for Biobased Value Chains --- Chapter 5:Biobased Resources and Value Chains --- Chapter 6: Primary Production --- Chapter 7: Processing of Biobased Resources --- Chapter 8: Markets, Sustainability management and Entrepreneurship.- Part III: Transition to a Sustainable Bioeconomy --- Chapter9:  Modelling and Tools Supporting the Transition to a Bioeconomy --- Chapter 10: Environmental Economics, the Bioeconomy and the Role of Government --- Chapter 11: Economic Growth, Development, and Innovation – The Transformation towards a Knowledge-based Bioeconomy --- Chapter 12: The Bioeconomist
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VI, 354 pages) , 165 illustrations, 139 illustrations in color
    ISBN: 9783319681528
    Language: English
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  • 42
    Unknown
    Cham : Springer
    Keywords: Medicine ; Molecular biology ; Health promotion ; Cardiology ; Diabetes ; Endocrinology ; Metabolic diseases ; Biomedicine ; Molecular Medicine ; Health Promotion and Disease Prevention ; Endocrinology ; Cardiology ; Diabetes ; Metabolic Diseases
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction --- Human brown adipose tissue plasticity: hormonal and environmental manipulation --- The energy sensor AMPK: Adaptations to exercise, nutritional and hormonal signals --- Plasma steroids and cardiorespiratory fitness response to regular exercise --- Sending the signal: Muscle glycogen availability as a regulator of training adaptation --- Optimized engagement of macrophages and satellite cells in the repair and regeneration of exercised muscle --- Skeletal muscle microRNAs: Roles in differentiation, disease and exercise --- Tryptophan-kynurenine metabolites in exercise and mental health --- FNDC5/irisin - their role in the nervous system and as a mediator for beneficial effects of exercise on the brain
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 102 pages)
    ISBN: 9783319727905
    Language: English
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  • 43
    Keywords: Life sciences ; Agriculture ; Plant science ; Botany ; Sustainable development ; Life Sciences ; Agriculture ; Plant Sciences ; Sustainable Development
    Description / Table of Contents: Part 1. Introduction of Sago Resources- Chapter 1: Status and Outlook of Global Food Security and the Role of Under-Utilized Food Resource: Sago Palm (Hiroyuki Konuma) --- Chapter 2: Growing Area of Sago Palm and Its Environment (M. H. Bintoro) --- Chapter 3: Life and Livelihood in Sago Growing Area (Yukio Toyoda) --- Part 2. Diversity of Sago Resource in Asia and Pacific --- Chapter 4: Genetic Variation, Agronomic Features of Sago Palm in Asia and Pacific (Hiroshi Ehara) --- Chapter 5: Genetic Diversity of Sago Palm Resources in Indonesia (Barahima Abbas) --- Part 3. Sago Industry Contributes for Food Security and Rural Development in Core Producing Countries --- Chapter 6: An Overview of Sago Industry Development from 20th c. to 21st c. (Jong Foh Shoon) --- Chapter 7: Suitability of Peat Swamp Areas for Commercial Production of Sago Crop - Sarawak Experience (Roland Yong Chiew Ming) --- Chapter 8: Feasibility of Small Scale Sago Industries on Small Island in East Indonesia (Wardis Girsang) --- Chapter 9: Addressing Food Insecurity through Food Safety and Cropping of Sago in Papua New Guinea (Aisak G Pue) --- Chapter 10: Conservation and Sustainable Utilization of the Fiji Sago Palm (Dick Watling) --- Part 4. Agricultural Botany of Sago Palm --- Chapter 11: Matter Production as A Basis of Starch Production in Sago Palm (Yoshinori Yamamoto) --- Chapter 12: Morphogenesis of Sago Palm (Satoshi Nakamura) --- Chapter 13: Morphological and Anatomical Characteristics of Sago Palm Starch (Yoji Nitta) --- Part 5. Growth Environment --- Chapter 14: Soil Environment in Sago Palm Forest (Masanori Okazaki) --- Chapter 15: Interaction between Microbes Activities and Sago Palm Growth (Koki Toyoda) --- Part 6. Starch Production and Utilization --- Chapter 16: Study on the Transformation in Extraction and Consumption Processes of Sago Starch in a Traditional Society of Indonesia (Yoshihiko Nishimura) --- Chapter 17: Improvement of Sago Processing Machine (Darma) --- Chapter 18: The Structure and Characteristics of Sago Starch (Masanori Okazaki) --- Chapter 19: Recovery of Starch from Sago Pith Waste and Waste Water Treatment (Budi Santoso) --- Chapter 20: Acid modification of sago starch and its fiber for industrial application (Titi Candra Sunarti) --- Part 6. New Carbohydrate Resources --- Chapter 21: Starch Properties and Uses as food for Human Health and Welfare (Kazuko Hirao) --- Chapter 21: Production, Purification and Health Benefits of Sago Sugar (Kazuko Hirao) --- Chapter 22: Production, Purification and Health Benefits of Sago Sugar (Kopli Bujang) --- Chapter 23: New Sago Starch Resources and Its Properties from Starch Pith Waste and Pacific Sago Palms (Takashi Mishima) --- Part 8. Conclusion --- Chapter 24: Outcomes and Recommendations from the 12th International Sago Symposium (Yoshinori Yamamoto)
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIII, 330 pages) , 106 illustrations, 71 illustrations in color
    ISBN: 9789811052699
    Language: English
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  • 44
    Keywords: Life sciences ; Hydrology ; Environmental sciences ; Agriculture ; Life Sciences ; Agriculture ; Hydrology/Water Resources ; Environmental Science and Engineering
    Description / Table of Contents: Foreword --- Summary --- 2. In-Situ Destructive Sampling --- 2.1 The Concept of Representivity --- 2.2 Plant Sampling Pattern and Design --- 2.3 Biomass Water Equivalent --- 2.4 Conclusions --- 3. Remote Sensing via Satellite Imagery Analysis --- 3.1 Photo-Reflective Properties of Plants --- 3.2 Satellite Image Analysis --- 3.3 Conclusions --- 4. Estimate of Biomass Water Equivalent via the Cosmic Ray Neutron Sensor --- 4.1 The role of Biomass in the CRNS Calibration --- 4.2 Relationship between Neutrons and Crop Biomass --- 4.3 Dire4ct Relationship between Neutrons and Biomass --- 4.4 Conclusions
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 33 pages) , 18 illustrations, 14 illustrations in color
    ISBN: 9783319695396
    Language: English
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  • 45
    Keywords: Medicine ; Neurosciences ; Pharmacology ; Neurology ; Biomedicine ; Neurosciences ; Neurology ; Pharmacology/Toxicology
    Description / Table of Contents: 1.Overview --- 2.In vivo imaging of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in the central nervous system --- 3.A new aspect of cholinergic transmission in the central nervous system --- 4.Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor signaling: roles in neuroprotection --- 5.Regulation by nicotinic acetylcholine receptors of microglial glutamate transporters: role of microglia in neuroprotection --- 6.Shati/Nat8l and N-acetylaspartate (NAA) have important roles in regulating nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in neuronal and psychiatric diseases in animal models and humans --- 7.Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in regulation of pathology of cerebrovascular disorders --- 8.Roles of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in the pathology and treatment of Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases --- 9.SAK3-induced neuroprotection is mediated by nicotinic acetylcholine receptors --- 10.Removal of blood amyloid as a therapeutic strategy for Alzheimer’s disease: the influence of smoking and nicotine
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 191 pages) , 62 illustrations, 20 illustrations in color
    ISBN: 9789811084881
    Language: English
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  • 46
    Keywords: Life sciences ; Ecosystems ; Aquatic ecology ; Conservation biology ; Ecology ; Nature conservation ; Marine sciences ; Freshwater ; Life Sciences ; Freshwater & Marine Ecology ; Ecosystems ; Conservation Biology/Ecology ; Nature Conservation ; Marine & Freshwater Sciences
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1. Challenges in Riverine Ecosystem Management --- Part I Human Impacts, Mitigation and Restoration --- Chapter 2. Historic Milestones of Human River Uses and Ecological Impacts --- Chapter 3. River Morphology, Channelization, and Habitat Restoration --- Chapter 4. River Hydrology, Flow Alteration, and Environmental Flow --- Chapter 5. Hydropeaking Impacts and Mitigation --- Chapter 6. Dams: Ecological Impacts and Management --- Chapter 7. Aquatic Habitat Modeling in Running Waters --- Chapter 8. The Role of Sediment and Sediment Dynamics in the Aquatic Environment --- Chapter 9. River Connectivity, Habitat Fragmentation and Related Restoration Meas --- Chapter 10. Phosphorus and Nitrogen Dynamics in Riverine Systems: Human Impacts and Management Options --- Chapter 11. Climate Change Impacts in Riverine Ecosystems --- Chapter 12. Ecotoxicology --- Chapter 13. Land Use --- Chapter 14. Recreational Fisheries – The Need for Sustainability in Fisheries Management of Alpine Rivers --- Part II Management, Methodologies, Governance --- Chapter 15. Restoration in Integrated River Basin Management --- Chapter 16.Adaptive Management of Riverine Socio-ecological Systems --- Chapter 17. Legislative Framework for River Ecosystem Management on International and European Level --- Chapter 18. Ensuring Long-Term Cooperation Over Transboundary Water Resources Through Joint River Basin Management --- Chapter 19. Biomonitoring and Bioassessment --- Chapter 20. Biodiversity and Freshwater Information Systems --- Chapter 21. Ecosystem Services in River Landscapes --- Chapter 22. Public Participation and Environmental Education --- Chapter 23. NGOs in Freshwater Resource Management --- Part III Case Studies --- Chapter 24. Danube Under Pressure: Hydropower Rules the Fish --- Chapter 25. Danube Floodplain Lobau --- Chapter 26. Danube Sturgeons: Past and Future --- Chapter 27. Healthy Fisheries Sustain Society and Ecology in Burkina Faso --- Chapter 28. The Tisza River: Managing a Lowland River in the Carpathian Basin --- Part IV Summary --- Chapter 29. Landmarks, Advances and Future Challenges in Riverine Ecosystem Management
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VII, 571 pages) , 123 illustrations, 82 illustrations in color
    ISBN: 9783319732503
    Language: English
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  • 47
    Keywords: Medicine ; Neurosciences ; Neurology ; Psychiatry ; Biomedicine ; Neurosciences ; Neurology ; Psychiatry
    Description / Table of Contents: Hippocampal mechanisms for the segmentation of space by goals and boundaries --- Cortical Evolution: Introduction to the Reptilian Cortex --- Flow of information underlying a tactile decision in mice --- The Visual Brain: Computing through Multiscale Complexity --- Grid cells and spatial maps in entorhinal cortex and hippocampus --- The striatum and decision-making based on value --- Decoding the dynamics of conscious perception: The temporal generalization method --- Sleep and synaptic down-selection --- Federating and integrating what we know about the brain at all scales - a challenge for the future. Computer science meets the clinical neurosciences
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIII, 172 pages) , 33 illustrations, 30 illustrations in color
    ISBN: 9783319288024
    Language: English
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  • 48
    Keywords: Life sciences ; Human physiology ; Food ; Biotechnology ; Microbiology ; Life Sciences ; Food Microbiology ; Food Science ; Human Physiology
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction --- Gastrointestinal digestion models, general introduction --- Static digestion models general introduction --- InfoGest consensus method --- Approaches to static digestion models --- Dynamic digestion models general introduction --- The TNO gastro-Intestinal Model (TIM) --- Dynamic Gastric Model (DGM) --- Human Gastric Simulator (Riddet model) --- The DIDGI® System --- General introduction to cells, cell lines and cell culture --- Epithelial cell models; General introduction --- Caco-2 cell line --- HT29 cell line --- The IPEC-J2 cell line --- Co-cultivation of Caco-2 and HT-29MT --- Innate and adaptive immune cells; General introduction --- THP-1 and U937 cells --- Peripheral blood mononuclear cells --- PBMC-derived T cells --- Dendritic Cells --- Co-culture Caco-2/ immune cells --- Enteroendocrine Cell Models: General introduction --- STC-1 cells --- NCI-H716 cells --- Murine GLUTag cells --- In vitro intestinal tissue models: General introduction --- Intestinal crypt organoids as experimental models --- Porcine ex vivo intestinal segment model --- Ussing chamber --- In vitro fermentation models: General Introduction --- One compartment fermentation model --- The TNO in vitro model of the colon - TIM-2 --- The Simulator of the Human Intestinal Microbial Ecosystem – SHIME® --- The computer-controlled multicompartmental dynamic model of the gastrointestinal system SIMGI
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVII, 338 pages) , 57 illustrations, 35 illustrations in color
    ISBN: 9783319161044
    Language: English
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  • 49
    Keywords: Life sciences ; Hydrology ; Environmental sciences ; Agriculture ; Life Sciences ; Agriculture ; Hydrology/Water Resources ; Environmental Science and Engineering
    Description / Table of Contents: Foreword --- Summary --- 2. In-Situ Destructive Sampling --- 2.1 The Concept of Representivity --- 2.2 Plant Sampling Pattern and Design --- 2.3 Biomass Water Equivalent --- 2.4 Conclusions --- 3. Remote Sensing via Satellite Imagery Analysis --- 3.1 Photo-Reflective Properties of Plants --- 3.2 Satellite Image Analysis --- 3.3 Conclusions --- 4. Estimate of Biomass Water Equivalent via the Cosmic Ray Neutron Sensor --- 4.1 The role of Biomass in the CRNS Calibration --- 4.2 Relationship between Neutrons and Crop Biomass --- 4.3 Dire4ct Relationship between Neutrons and Biomass --- 4.4 Conclusions
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 33 pages) , 18 illustrations, 14 illustrations in color
    ISBN: 9783319695396
    Language: English
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  • 50
    Keywords: Medicine ; Neurosciences ; Neurology ; Biomedicine ; Neurosciences ; Neurology
    Description / Table of Contents: Parcellations and connectivity patterns in human and macaque cerebral cortex --- Nanoconnectomics --- Inhibitory cell cypes, circuits and receptive fields in mouse visual cortex --- Form meets function in the brain: observing the activity and structure of specific neural connections --- The network for intracortical communication in mouse visual cortex --- The brain in space --- In-vivo connectivity in monkeys --- Connectome networks: from cells to systems --- Intra- and Inter-hemispheric connectivity supporting hemispheric specialization --- Genetics of the connectome and the ENIGMA project
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 166 pages) , 32 illustrations, 28 illustrations in color
    ISBN: 9783319277776
    Language: English
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  • 51
    Keywords: Life sciences ; Climate change ; Animal ecology ; Conservation biology ; Ecology ; Vertebrates ; Life Sciences ; Conservation Biology/Ecology ; Vertebrates ; Animal Ecology ; Climate Change/Climate Change Impacts
    Description / Table of Contents: Bats in the Anthropocene --- Urbanisation and its effects on bats – a global meta-analysis --- Bats and roads --- Responses of tropical bats to habitat fragmentation, logging, and deforestation --- Insectivorous bats and silviculture: balancing timber production and bat conservation --- Bats in the anthropogenic matrix: Challenges and opportunities for the conservation of Chiroptera and their ecosystem services in agricultural landscapes --- Dark matters: the effects of artificial lighting on bats --- Bats and water: anthropogenic alterations threaten global bat populations --- White-nose syndrome in bats --- Zoonotic viruses and conservation of bats --- Impacts of Wind Energy Development on Bats: a Global Perspective --- Exploitation of Bats for Bushmeat and Medicine --- The conflict between pteropodid bats and fruit growers: species, legislation and mitigation --- Bats and buildings: The conservation of synanthropic bats --- Conservation ecology of cave bats --- The roles of taxonomy and systematics in bat conservation --- Networking networks for global bat conservation --- Cute, Creepy, or Crispy – how values, attitudes and norms shape human behavior toward bats. 
    Pages: Online-Ressource (IX, 606 pages) , 77 illustrations, 52 illustrations in color
    ISBN: 9783319252209
    Language: English
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  • 52
    Keywords: Medicine ; Neurosciences ; Otorhinolaryngology ; Biomedicine ; Neurosciences ; Otorhinolaryngology
    Description / Table of Contents: The International Symposium on Hearing is a prestigious,triennial gathering where world-class scientists present and discuss the most recent advances in the field of human and animal hearing research. The 2015 edition will particularly focus on integrative approaches linking physiological, psychophysical and cognitive aspects of normal and impaired hearing. Like previous editions, the proceedings will contain about 50 chapters ranging from basic to applied research, and of interest to neuroscientists, psychologists, audiologists, engineers, otolaryngologists, and artificial intelligent researchers
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXIX, 484 pages) , 138 illustrations, 92 illustrations in color
    ISBN: 9783319254746
    Language: English
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  • 53
    Keywords: Life sciences ; Management ; Industrial management ; Geography ; Agriculture ; Agricultural economics ; Life Sciences ; Agriculture ; Agricultural Economics ; Geography, general ; Innovation/Technology Management
    Description / Table of Contents: Foreword --- 1. Innovation for Marginalized Smallholder Farmers and Development: an Overview and Implications for Policy and Research --- Part 1 Innovation for the Rural Poor: Theory, Trends and Impacts --- 2. Institutional and technological innovations in polycentric systems –pathways for escaping marginality --- 3. Innovations for Food and Nutrition Security: Impacts and Trends --- 4. Psychology of Innovation: Innovating human psychology? --- 5. An optimization model for technology adoption of marginalized smallholders --- Part 2 Diversification of Agricultural Production and Income --- 6. The BRAC Approach to Small Farmers' Innovations --- 7. Agricultural Research and Extension Linkages in Amhara Region, Ethiopia --- 8. Transaction costs on the Ethiopian formal seed market and innovations for encouraging private sector investments --- 9. Agricultural Service Delivery Through Mobile Phone: Local innovations and Technological Opportunities in Kenya --- 10. Identification and Acceleration of Farmer Innovativeness in Upper East Ghana --- 11. Gender, social equity and innovations in smallholder farming systems: pitfalls and pathways --- 12. Assessing the Sustainability of Agricultural Technology Options for Poor Rural Farmers --- 13. Land Degradation and Sustainable Land Management Innovations in Central Asia --- 14. Biomass-based value web. A Novel Perspective for Emergng Bioeconomies in Sub-Saharan Africa --- Part 3 Sustainable Intensification of Agriculture --- 15. Adoption of Stress-tolerant Rice Varieties in Bangladesh --- 16. More than cereal based cropping innovations for improving food and livelihood security of poor small holders in marginal areas of Bangladesh --- 17. Integrated Rice-fish Farming System in Bangladesh: An Ex-Ante Value Chain Evaluation Framework --- 18. Technologies for Maize, Wheat, Rice and Pulses in Marginal Districts of Odisha and Bihar --- 19. Technological Innovations for Smallholder Farmers in Ghana --- 20. Potential impacts of yield increasing crop technologies on poverty reduction in two districts of Ethiopia
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XV, 435 pages) , 80 illustrations, 50 illustrations in color
    ISBN: 9783319257181
    Language: English
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  • 54
    Keywords: Life sciences ; Applied ecology ; Biodiversity ; Ecosystems ; Conservation biology ; Ecology ; Community psychology ; Environmental psychology ; Life Sciences ; Applied Ecology ; Biodiversity ; Conservation Biology/Ecology ; Ecosystems ; Community and Environmental Psychology
    Description / Table of Contents: 1. The Biodiversity Data Impediment to a Sustainable World (Working in a Networked World) --- 2. Essential Biodiversity Variables --- 3. Stratification and Terrestrial Ecosystem Observations --- 4. Ecosystem Services --- 5. Species Observations --- 6. Monitoring Changes in Genetic Diversity --- 7. Marine and Coastal Systems --- 8. Biodiversity Observations for Freshwater Ecosystems --- 9. Remote Sensing for Biodiversity --- 10. Involving Citizen Scientists in Biodiversity Observation --- 11. Biodiversity Modelling --- 12. Cyber-Architecture --- 13. Using Data for Decision-Making: From Observations To Indicators and Other Policy Tools --- 14. Capacity Building in Biodiversity Monitoring – Case Studies
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XII, 326 pages) , 34 illustrations, 27 illustrations in color
    ISBN: 9783319272887
    Language: English
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  • 55
    Unknown
    Cham : Springer
    Keywords: Medicine ; Neurosciences ; Endocrinology ; Biomedicine ; Neurosciences ; Endocrinology
    Description / Table of Contents: A brief overview of techniques for modulating neuroendocrine and other neural systems --- Basics of stem cell biology as applied to the brain --- Human pluripotent-derived lineages for repairing hypopituitarism --- Recapitulating hypothalamus and pituitary development using ES/iPS cells --- Regulation of body weight and metabolism by tanycyte-derived neurogenesis in young adult mice --- Genetic dissection of the neuroendocrine and behavioral responses to stressful challenges --- Pituitary stem cells: quest for hidden functions --- Pituitary stem cells during normal physiology and disease --- Epigenetic mechanisms of pituitary cell fate specification --- Advances in stem cells biology: new approaches to understand depression --- Perspective on stem cells in developmental biology, with special reference to neuroendocrine systems.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XII, 156 pages) , 16 illustrations in color
    ISBN: 9783319416038
    Language: English
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  • 56
    Unknown
    Cham : Springer
    Keywords: Life sciences ; Forest products ; Plant anatomy ; Plant development ; Plant physiology ; Life Sciences ; Plant Anatomy/Development ; Plant Physiology ; Plant Systematics/Taxonomy/Biogeography ; Wood Science & Technology
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction --- Preparation techniques - Making anatomical structures visible --- Morphology of the plant body --- Cellular composition of the plant bodies --- Structure of cell walls and cell contents --- Primary, secondary and tertiary meristem --- Stem anatomical structures of major taxonomic units --- Evolution of stems --- Anatomical adaptions to permanent changed environmental conditions --- Anatomical adaptions to temporarily changed environmental conditions --- Coexistence of algae, fungi and vascular plants --- Wood decay --- Fossilization, permineralization, coalification, carbonization and wetwood conservation --- Technically altered wood products
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VII, 207 pages)
    ISBN: 9783319735245
    Language: English
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  • 57
    Keywords: Life sciences ; Agriculture ; Plant breeding ; Life Sciences ; Plant Breeding/Biotechnology ; Agriculture
    Description / Table of Contents: General Introduction --- Screening Protocols for Heat Tolerance in Rice at the Seedling and Reproductive Stages --- Validation of Screening Protocols for Heat Tolerance in Rice --- Conclusion --- References
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XII, 39 pages) , 16 illustrations, 10 illustrations in color
    ISBN: 9783319773384
    Language: English
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  • 58
    Keywords: Life sciences ; Agriculture ; Climate change ; Environmental management ; Soil science ; Soil conservation ; Air pollution ; Life Sciences ; Agriculture ; Climate Change ; Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution ; Soil Science & Conservation ; Environmental Management
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1 Introduction to the SAMPLES Approach --- Chapter 2 Targeting Landscapes to Identify Mitigation Options --- Chapter 3 Determining Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Removals Associated with Land Use and Land Cover Change --- Chapter 4 Quantifying Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Managed and Natural Soils --- Chapter 5 A Comparison of Methodologies for Measuring Methane Emissions from Ruminants --- Chapter 6 Quantifying Tree Biomass Carbon Stocks and Fluxes in Agricultural Landscapes --- Chapter 7 Methods for Smallholder Quantification of Soil Carbon Stocks and Stock Changes --- Chapter 8 Yield Estimation of Food and Non-Food Crops in Smallholder Production Systems --- Chapter 9 Scaling Point and Plot Measurements of Greenhouse Gas Fluxes, Balances and Intensities to Whole Farms and Landscapes --- Chapter 10 Methods for Environment-Productivity Trade-off Analysis in Agricultural Systems
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XV, 203 pages) , 33 illustrations, 27 illustrations in color
    ISBN: 9783319297941
    Language: English
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  • 59
    Keywords: Life sciences ; Ecology ; Wildlife ; Fish ; Life Sciences ; Fish & Wildlife Biology & Management ; Ecology ; Environmental Monitoring/Analysis
    Description / Table of Contents: 1 Introduction: Overview of Our Research on Impacts of the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant Accident on Fish and Fishing Grounds --- Part I Seawater and Plankton --- 2 134Cs and 137Cs in the Seawater Around Japan and in the North Pacific --- 3 Temporal Changes in 137Cs Concentration in Zooplankton and Seawater off the Joban–Sanriku Coast, and in Sendai Bay, After the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Accident --- Part II Sediments and Benthos --- 4 Three-Dimensional Distribution of Radiocesium in Sea Sediment Derived from the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant --- 5 Radiocesium Concentrations in the Organic Fraction of Sea Sediments --- 6 Bottom Turbidity, Boundary Layer Dynamics, and Associated Transport of Suspended Particulate Materials off the Fukushima Coast --- 7 Investigation of Radiocesium Translation from Contaminated Sediment to Benthic Organisms --- Part III Marine Fish --- 8 Detection of 131I, 134Cs, and 137Cs Released into the Atmosphere from FNPP in Small Epipelagic Fishes, Japanese Sardine and Japanese Anchovy, off the Kanto Area, Japan --- 9 Radiocesium Concentration of Small Epipelagic Fishes (Sardine and Japanese Anchovy) off the Kashima-Boso Area --- 10 Why Do the Radionuclide Concentrations of Pacific Cod Depend on the Body Size? --- 11 Radiocesium Contamination Histories of Japanese Flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) After the 2011 Fukushima Nuclear Power Plant Accident --- Part IV Mechanisms of Severe Contamination in Fish --- 12 Evaluating the Probability of Catching Fat Greenlings (Hexagrammos otakii) Highly Contaminated with Radiocesium off the Coast of Fukushima --- 13 Analysis of the Contamination Process of the Extremely Contaminated Fat Greenling by Fukushima-Derived Radioactive Material --- 14 Contamination Levels of Radioactive Cesium in Fat Greenling Caught at the Main Port of the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant --- Part V Freshwater Systems --- 15 Comparison of Radioactive Cesium Contamination of Lake Water, Bottom Sediment, Plankton, and Freshwater Fish Among Lakes of Fukushima Prefecture, Japan, After the Fukushima Fallout --- 16 Radiocesium Concentrations and Body Size of Freshwater Fish in Lake Hayama 1 Year After the Fukushima Dai-Ichi Nuclear Power Plant Accident --- 17 Spatiotemporal Monitoring of 134Cs and 137Cs in Ayu, Plecoglossus altivelis, a Microalgae-Grazing Fish, and in Their Freshwater Habitats in Fukushima --- 18 Radiocesium Concentrations in the Muscle and Eggs of Salmonids from Lake Chuzenji, Japan, After the Fukushima Fallout --- 19 Assessment of Radiocesium Accumulation by Hatchery-Reared Salmonids After the Fukushima Nuclear Accident
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XI, 238 pages) , 103 illustrations, 37 illustrations in color
    ISBN: 9784431555377
    Language: English
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  • 60
    Keywords: Medicine ; Immunology ; Molecular biology ; Cell biology ; Biomedicine ; Molecular Medicine ; Immunology ; Cell Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Part I Basic Research for Innovative Medicine --- 1. Diverting Glycolysis to Combat Oxidative Stress --- 2. Metabolic Regulation by Nuclear Receptors --- 3. Fighting Fire with Fire in Cancer --- 4. Linear Polyubiquitination: a Crucial Regulator of NF-kB Activation --- 5. VCP, a major ATPase in the cells, as a novel drug target for currently incurable disorders --- 6. Roles of E-cadherin in hepatocarcinogenesis --- 7. The Hippo Signaling Pathway: A Candidate New Drug Target for Malignant Tumors --- 8. Inhibitory immunoreceptors on mast cells in allergy and inflammation --- 9. Doxycycline-inducible Autoimmune Blistering Skin Disease Model --- 10. T-cell Senescence and Autoimmunity --- Part II Translational Research for Innovative Medicine --- 11. IL-6: A new era for the treatment of autoimmune inflammatory diseases --- 12. Pathogenesis of Non-alcoholic Steatohepatitis and Its Potential Therapeutic Strategies --- 13. Multifaceted translational approach of major mental illness --- 14. Translational research of leptin in lipodystrophy and its related diseases --- 15. Translational research of the activation of the C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP)-guanylyl cyclase-B pathway for skeletal dysplasia --- 16. Clarity and Challenges in Tissue Fibrosis --- 17. TRP Channels: Their Function and Potentiality as Drug Targets --- 18. Autophagic Cell Death and Cancer Chemotherapeutics --- 19. Adrenomedullin as a Potential Therapeutic Agent for Refractory Ulcerative Colitis --- 20. RNA activation --- Part III New Technology for Innovative Medicine --- 21. Cardiac Reprogramming for Heart Repair --- 22. Development of a new in vivo optical probe for biological diagnosis and therapy --- 23. Introduction of mesenchymal stem cells for liver surgery (hepatectomy and transplantation) --- 24. Synaptic and axonal plasticity induction in the human cerebral cortex --- 25. TIM-3 is a novel therapeutic target for eradicating acute myelogenous leukemia stem cells --- 26. TGF-beta LAP degradation products, a novel biomarker and promising therapeutic target for liver fibrogenesis --- 27. Cell-based regenerative therapy for liver disease
    Pages: Online-Ressource (IX, 339 pages)
    ISBN: 9784431556510
    Language: English
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  • 61
    Unknown
    Basel, Beijing, Wuhan : MDPI
    Keywords: aerosol optical depth ; climate variability and health ; earth observation ; environmental health ; environmental remote sensing ; exposure to air pollutant ; geospatial technology ; health GIS ; landscape epidemiology ; public health ; public health tracking ; remote sensing ; spatial surveillance ; spatial epidemiology ; tele-epidemiology
    Description / Table of Contents: Editorial - Remote Sensing and Geospatial Technologies in Public Health / ISPRS Int. J. Geo-Inf. 2018, 7(8), 303; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi7080303 --- CALPUFF and CAFOs: Air Pollution Modeling and Environmental Justice Analysis in the North Carolina Hog Industry / ISPRS Int. J. Geo-Inf. 2015, 4(1), 150-171; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi4010150 --- Analyzing the Correlation between Deer Habitat and the Component of the Risk for Lyme Disease in Eastern Ontario, Canada: A GIS-Based Approach / ISPRS Int. J. Geo-Inf. 2015, 4(1), 105-123; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi4010105 --- Geospatial Technology: A Tool to Aid in the Elimination of Malaria in Bangladesh / ISPRS Int. J. Geo-Inf. 2015, 4(1), 47-58; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi4010047 --- Examining Personal Air Pollution Exposure, Intake, and Health Danger Zone Using Time Geography and 3D Geovisualization / ISPRS Int. J. Geo-Inf. 2015, 4(1), 32-46; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi4010032 --- Use of the NASA Giovanni Data System for Geospatial Public Health Research: Example of Weather-Influenza Connection / ISPRS Int. J. Geo-Inf. 2014, 3(4), 1372-1386; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi3041372 --- Mapping Entomological Dengue Risk Levels in Martinique Using High-Resolution Remote-Sensing Environmental Data / ISPRS Int. J. Geo-Inf. 2014, 3(4), 1352-1371; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi3041352 --- Improving Inland Water Quality Monitoring through Remote Sensing Techniques / ISPRS Int. J. Geo-Inf. 2014, 3(4), 1234-1255; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi3041234 --- Impacts of Scale on Geographic Analysis of Health Data: An Example of Obesity Prevalence / ISPRS Int. J. Geo-Inf. 2014, 3(4), 1198-1210; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi3041198 --- Geographical Variation of Incidence of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in Manitoba, Canada / ISPRS Int. J. Geo-Inf. 2014, 3(3), 1039-1057; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi3031039 --- Holistics 3.0 for Health / ISPRS Int. J. Geo-Inf. 2014, 3(3), 1023-1038; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi3031023 --- Dasymetric Mapping and Spatial Modeling of Mosquito Vector Exposure, Chesapeake, Virginia, USA / ISPRS Int. J. Geo-Inf. 2014, 3(3), 891-913; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi3030891 --- Modeling Properties of Influenza-Like Illness Peak Events with Crossing Theory / ISPRS Int. J. Geo-Inf. 2014, 3(2), 764-780; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi3020764 --- Correlating Remote Sensing Data with the Abundance of Pupae of the Dengue Virus Mosquito Vector, Aedes aegypti, in Central Mexico / ISPRS Int. J. Geo-Inf. 2014, 3(2), 732-749; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi3020732 --- Canadian Forest Fires and the Effects of Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution on Hospitalizations among the Elderly / ISPRS Int. J. Geo-Inf. 2014, 3(2), 713-731; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi3020713 --- Nexus of Health and Development: Modelling Crude Birth Rate and Maternal Mortality Ratio Using Nighttime Satellite Images / ISPRS Int. J. Geo-Inf. 2014, 3(2), 693-712; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi3020693
    Pages: Online-Ressource (244 Seiten) , Illustrationen, Diagramme
    Edition: Printed Edition of the Special Issue Published in ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information
    ISBN: 9783038971733
    Language: English
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    Autonomic & autacoid pharmacology 24 (2004), S. 0 
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    Autonomic & autacoid pharmacology 24 (2004), S. 0 
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    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: 1 The effects of the immunosuppressants, tacrolimus (FK506) and cyclosporin A (CsA), on catecholamine (CA) release were examined in cultured bovine adrenal chromaffin cells. 2 In intact cells, FK506 (1–30 μm) inhibited CA release stimulated by acetylcholine (ACh; 100 μm), 1,1-dimethyl-4-phenyl-piperazinium (DMPP, 10 μm) or high K+ (40 mm). CsA (1–30 μm) had a little inhibitory effect on the ACh- or DMPP-stimulated CA release, whereas it enhanced the high K+-stimulated CA release. 3 In β-escin-permeabilized cells, FK506 inhibited CA release stimulated by Ca2+ (1 and 10 μm) in the presence and absence of MgATP (2 mm). CsA induced CA release under Ca2+-free condition and enhanced the Ca2+-stimulated CA release in the presence and absence of MgATP. 4 It is known that the Ca2+-dependent exocytosis involves at least two distinct steps, ATP-requiring priming stage and ATP-independent fusion step in adrenal chromaffin cells. Therefore, it is suggested that FK506 inhibits the Ca2+-dependent exocytosis probably at the fusion step whereas CsA induces CA release from bovine adrenal chromaffin cells.
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    Notes: 1 Prolonged bed rest or exposure to microgravity may cause several alterations in autonomic nervous system response (ANSR). 2 Hindlimb unloading (HU) rats were used as an animal model of simulated microgravity to investigate ANSR changes. The experiments were carried out to investigate the effects of simulated microgravity on the autonomic nervous response of the perfused mesenteric vascular bed (MVB), vas deferens and the colon and duodenum from 2-week HU rats. 3 In MVB preparations of HU rats, the frequency-dependent increases in perfusion pressure with perivascular nerve stimulation (PNS; 8–40 Hz) were inhibited, whereas the noradrenaline (NA) concentration-dependent (1–100 μm) perfusion pressure increases were potentiated. The latter most probably reflected up-regulation of α-adrenergic receptor function. Relaxant responses of NA-precontracted MVB to PNS (4–30 Hz) or isoprenaline were not different between control and HU preparations, while vasodilation induced by the endothelial agonist ACh was reduced. 4 Transmural stimulation (2–40 Hz) induced frequency-dependent twitches of the vas deferens which were reduced in vas deferens of HU rats, while the sensitivity to NA-induced contraction was significantly increased. 5 In the gastroenteric system of HU rat, direct contractile responses to carbachol or tachykinin as well as relaxant or contractile responses to nervous stimulation appeared unchanged both in the proximal colon rings and in duodenal longitudinal strips. 6 In conclusion, HU treatment affects peripheral tissues in which the main contractile mediators are the adrenergic ones such as resistance vessels and vas deferens, probably by reducing the release of neuromediator. This study validates NA signalling impairment as a widespread process in microgravity, which may most dramatically result in the clinical phenotype of orthostatic intolerance.
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    Notes: 1 This double-blind, cross-over, placebo-controlled study on six healthy male volunteers was designed to evaluate the effects of α2-adrenoceptor antagonism on cardiac parasympathetic regulation. 2 The subjects received atipamezole intravenously as a three-step infusion, which aimed at steady-state serum concentrations of 10, 30 and 90 ng ml−1 at 50-min intervals. 3 Drug effects were assessed with repeated recordings of blood pressure and electrocardiogram, in which the high-frequency (0.15–0.40 Hz) R-R interval variation is supposed to reflect cardiac parasympathetic efferent neuronal activity. 4 At the end of the three steps of the infusion, the mean (±SD) concentrations of atipamezole were 10.5 (3.9), 26.8 (5.6) and 81.3 (21.1) ng ml−1. 5 Within this concentration range, atipamezole appeared to reduce slightly the high-frequency R-R interval fluctuations, indicating a minor vagolytic effect in the heart. 6 Atipamezole increased systolic and diastolic arterial pressure, on average by 20 and 14 mmHg (maxima at the second step of the infusion), which evidently reflects an overall sympathetic augmentation.
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    Notes: 1 Our previous report showed that in acute cholestasis, the subsensitivity to morphine inhibitory effect on electrical-stimulated contractions develops significantly faster in guinea-pig ileum (GPI) and in mouse vas deferens (MVD) (45.2 and 29.9 times, respectively) compared with non-cholestatic subjects. 2 The possible contribution of α2-adrenoceptor and nitric oxide (NO) pathways on the development of tolerance was assessed in GPI and MVD of cholestatic subjects. 3 Daily administration of naltrexone (20 mg kg−1), yohimbine (5 mg kg−1), and Nω-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (l-NAME) (3 mg kg−1) to cholestatic animals significantly (P-value 〈 0.05) inhibited the process of subsensitivity in all groups. 4 Consistent with the literature, it was concluded that both the α2-adrenergic system and NO have close interaction with the opioid system and may underlie some of the mechanisms involved in the subsensitivity development to opioids in acute cholestatic states.
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    Autonomic & autacoid pharmacology 23 (2003), S. 0 
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    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: 1 We examined the role of the NO/cyclic GMP (cyclic GMP) pathway in nitric oxide (NO)- and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP)-induced relaxation of feline lower oesophageal sphincter (LES). Furthermore, it was studied whether methylene blue, LY83583 and ODQ, which are soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) inhibitors, could inhibit NO-induced relaxation.2 The nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitor, N-nitro-l-arginine (l-NNA) had no effect in sodium nitropruside (SNP)-induced relaxation, but 3-morpholinosydnonimine-N-ethylcarbamide (SIN-1)-induced relaxation was decreased by the pretreatment of l-NNA, which showed that SIN-1, not SNP, could activate NOS to cause relaxation. Methylene blue and LY83583 did not inhibit the relaxation by SNP and SIN-1. However, the more specific sGC inhibitor ODQ blocked the relaxation induced by NO donors.3 To identify the relationship of NOS, sGC and adenylate cyclase in VIP-induced relaxation, tissue were pretreated with l-NNA and ODQ and SQ22536. These inhibitors produced significant inhibition of this response to VIP. The adenylyl cyclase inhibitor SQ 22536 also inhibited relaxation by VIP.4 In conclusion, our data showed that SNP- and SIN-1-induced relaxation was mediated by sGC. Of sGC inhibitors, methylene blue and LY83583 were not adequate for the examination of NO donor-induced feline LES smooth muscle relaxation. VIP also caused relaxation by the pathway involving NO and cGMP and cAMP.
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    Autonomic & autacoid pharmacology 23 (2003), S. 0 
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    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: 1 The vasoconstrictor response to periarterial nerve electrical stimulation (PNS) and neurotransmission by ATP are discussed and illustrated, using canine isolated and perfused splenic arterial preparations. 2 The conditions for appearance of dominant purinergic constrictor response to PNS are discussed. 3 Modulation of the purinergic vasoconstrictor responses to PNS by several kinds of presynaptic receptor agonists and antagonists is reviewed. 4 Influences of purinergic responses to PNS by guanethidine, reserpine, tetrodotoxin (TTX) or ω-conotoxin GVIA (ωCTX) are also reviewed. 5 Effects of imipramine and removal of the endothelium are discussed. 6 Evidence is presented for selective inhibition of purinergic responses to PNS by an adequate cold storage of the vessel. 7 The roles of ATP released by PNS in isolated canine splenic arteries are proposed.
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    Notes: 1 The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of several possible neurotransmitters in mediating non-adrenergic, non-cholinergic (NANC) relaxation, and the effects of phosphodiesterase (PDE) III and V inhibitors on adrenergic and NANC relaxation in branch pulmonary artery (PA) of guinea-pig. 2 Under the NANC conditions, electrical field stimulation (EFS, 60 V, 0.2 ms, 20 Hz) induced a tetrodotoxin-sensitive relaxation of the histamine-precontracted PA rings. The nitric oxide (NO) synthase inhibitor NG-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (l-NAME, 10−4 m) and the guanylyl cyclase inhibitor 1H-[1,2,4]oxadiazolo[4,3-a]quinoxalin-1-one (ODQ, 10−5 m) partially inhibited the EFS-induced relaxation. The inhibitory effect of l-NAME was reversed completely by l-arginine (10−3 m), but not d-arginine (10−3 m). 3 This NANC relaxation was attenuated by 8-phenyltheophylline (10−5 m), a P1-purinoceptor antagonist. 4 The NANC response was potentiated by 10−6 m zaprinast, a type V PDE inhibitor, but was unaffected by 3 × 10−6 m milrinone, a type III PDE inhibitor. 5 Sodium nitroprusside (SNP) caused a concentration-dependent vasodilator effect which was potentiated by zaprinast, but unaffected by milrinone. Moreover, the effect of combination of zaprinast with milrinone was not significantly different from that observed with zaprinast alone. 6 Isoprenaline produced a concentration-dependent vasodilatation in branch PA of guinea-pig which was potentiated by both zaprinast and milrinone, the efficacy of milrinone being greater than zaprinast. 7 These results suggest that both nitrergic and purinergic pathways are involved in mediating the NANC relaxation in branch PA of guinea-pig. The combination of PDE III or V inhibitors with vasorelaxant drugs may be a hopeful approach for the treatment of pulmonary hypertension.
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    Autonomic & autacoid pharmacology 22 (2002), S. 0 
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    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: 1 The aim of this study was to characterize the histamine receptor type mediating relaxation of the vascular bed of the nasal mucosa from the guinea-pig, and to determine the role of cyclo-oxygenase products and nitric oxide in this relaxant response to histamine. These studies were performed in isolated nasal mucosae examined in vitro to obtain potencies of histamine receptor-type selective agonists in causing vasorelaxation and to determine affinities of histamine receptor antagonists for inhibiting histamine-induced relaxation. 2 After contraction of nasal mucosae with noradrenaline, histamine caused a maximal relaxation response that was 75 ± 6% of the contraction caused by noradrenaline with a mean EC50 value of 4.3 ± 0.5 μm. Neither dimaprit (H2-receptor selective) nor R-α-methylhistamine (H3-receptor selective) caused significant relaxation of nasal mucosae. In contrast, betahistine (H1-receptor selective) caused an 81 ± 7% relaxation of noradrenaline-induced tone with an EC50 value of 15 ± 1 μm. 3 pA2 experiments were performed to obtain KB values of chlorpheniramine (H1-receptor selective) and diphenhydramine (H1-receptor selective) for blocking histamine-stimulated relaxation of nasal mucosae. KB values for chlorpheniramine (0.87 nm) and diphenhydramine (7.4 nm) were consistent with their interaction at the H1-receptor type. Additionally, neither 10 μm cimetidine (H2-receptor selective) nor 1 μm thioperamide (H3-receptor selective) had any effect on the relaxation curve for histamine. 4 In the presence of 10 μm indomethacin (cyclo-oxygenase inhibitor), histamine caused a maximal relaxation response of 73 ± 5% of the noradrenaline-induced tone with an EC50 value of 2.9 ± 0.2 μm, which was not different from control values (EC50 = 5.0 ± 0.4 μm; maximal relaxation = 71 ± 6%). In contrast, 200 μm NG-nitro-l-arginine (nitric oxide synthase inhibitor) completely inhibited histamine-induced relaxation of nasal mucosae. 5 In conclusion, data from the present study suggest only the H1-receptor type mediates relaxation of nasal mucosal blood vessels to histamine, and histamine-induced relaxation of nasal mucosae is entirely dependent on nitric oxide production.
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    Autonomic & autacoid pharmacology 22 (2002), S. 0 
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    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: 1 This study was aimed at evaluating the effect of rutin and harmaline (1-methyl-7-methoxy-3,4-dihydro-β-carboline) on the development of the surgically induced reflux oesophagitis, on gastric secretion, lipid peroxidation, polymorphonucleocytes (PMNs) accumulation, superoxide and hydroxyl radical production in PMNs, cytokine [interleukin-1β (IL-1β), tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)] production in blood and [Ca2+]i mobilization in PMNs. 2 Rutin and harmaline significantly prevented the development of reflux oesophagitis and gastric secretion. Treatments of oesophagitis rats with rutin and harmaline inhibited lipid peroxidation, and myeloperoxidase (MPO) in the oesophagus in comparison with untreated rats. 3 Superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide production in 1 μm formylmethionylleucylphenylalanine (fMLP)- or 0.1 μg ml−1N-phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA)-activated PMNs was inhibited by rutin and harmaline in a dose-dependent fashion. Rutin and harmaline effectively scavenged the hydroxyl radical and hydrogen peroxide. Treatments of oesophagitis rats with rutin and harmaline inhibited IL-1β production in the oesophagus in comparison with untreated rats, but TNF-α production was not affected by rutin and harmaline. The fMLP-induced elevation of [Ca2+]i was inhibited by rutin. 4 The results of this study suggest that rutin and harmaline may have beneficial protective effects against reflux oesophagitis by the inhibition of gastric acid secretion, oxidative stress, inflammatory cytokine production (i.e. IL-1β), and intracellular calcium mobilization in PMNs in rats.
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    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: 1 Although monumental efforts have been made to define the action sites of cough, the importance of neurotransmitter systems in the cough reflex has received limited attention. We studied the roles for four major neurotransmitters [acetylcholine, histamine, serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) and dopamine] in the modulation of the cough reflex. 2 Atropine (muscarinic cholinergic blocking agent), pyrilamine maleate (PM, histamine H1 blocker), cimetidine (histamine H2 blocker), 8-hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)-tetralin (8-OH-DPAT, specific 5-HT1A receptor agonist) and SCH-23390 (selective dopamine D1 receptor antagonist) were examined on the cough response to inhaled capsaicin in conscious guinea-pigs. 3 All the drugs significantly decreased the number of capsaicin-induced coughs in a dose-dependent manner. To compare the sensitivity of these drugs on cough response, we calculated the effective doses for 50% inhibition of cough (ED50) when the animals were exposed to 3 × 10−4 m capsaicin. The ED50 values were 0.03 μm kg−1 for atropine, 0.2 μm kg−1 for 8-OH-DPAT, 6.2 μm kg−1 for SCH-23390, 8.5 μm kg−1 for PM and 13.9 μm kg−1 for cimetidine. 4 These findings indicated that all these four neurotransmitters may be involved in the regulation of the cough reflex. Multiple changes of these neurotransmitters in disorders of the central nervous system might synergically affect the cough reflex.
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    Soil use and management 21 (2005), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1475-2743
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    Topics: Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract. Brownfield sites often require a geochemical survey to assess the extent of contamination that is present as a result of previous industrial activities. These measurements are subsequently assessed to ascertain whether the site presents the possibility of causing significant harm to those who may use the site for specified purposes. The measurement process comprises both field sampling and chemical analysis, with sampling being of crucial importance, since previous studies have repeatedly shown that it is the sampling phase that generates the highest component of uncertainty. A variety of methods are currently available for sampling brownfield sites, such as different sampling patterns and the choice of depth and mass recovered. An investigator may also choose to employ more innovative sampling methods, such as in situ measurement strategies that can significantly reduce the overall time taken to complete the survey. The general aim of a sampling strategy is to take representative samples for chemical analysis, although this is rarely achieved due to the inherent heterogeneity of contaminants within any given site. Since it is practically impossible to sample an entire site, and thus achieve a truly representative sample, it is becoming increasingly understood that the uncertainty of the measurements should be estimated, to provide a more reliable interpretation of the survey. Various methods are currently available to estimate the measurement uncertainty that arises from both sampling and analysis, which vary in terms of complexity and cost. The level of uncertainty estimated during a site investigation should also be judged on its fitness-for-purpose (i.e. whether subsequent decisions based upon it are acceptable). The ‘optimized contaminated land investigation’ (OCLI) method is a new approach that can be used to balance the site-specific variables of any given investigation, such as the measurement costs against the level of uncertainty and costs that may arise from misclassification. This provides an objective and traceable judgement of whether the measurements are fit-for-purpose.
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    Topics: Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract. Nuclear weapons' testing, mineral extraction industries and nuclear power generation are among the activities which have led to radioactively contaminated land. In the United Kingdom (UK), current activities such as the decommissioning of nuclear licensed sites and the sale of Ministry of Defence land require that the legislation, remediation and management of radioactively contaminated land be addressed. With an emphasis on the UK, this paper reviews potential management/remediation strategies for radioactively contaminated land, including consideration of the environmental mobility of potentially important radionuclides.
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    Notes: Abstract. Methods that can be used to determine the distribution of metal species in soil solution are critically reviewed and assessed. They are divided into two groups: those that can provide free ion activity, and those that measure labile species in solution. Ion selective electrodes have long been regarded as a promising technique, but there are practical problems in performing accurate measurements and only the Cu electrode has been used routinely. The Donnan membrane technique is capable of measuring the free ion activity of many metals, but adequate sensitivity can be a problem. Although resin competition methods are versatile, care must be exercised to avoid perturbing the solution excessively. Anodic stripping voltammetry (ASV) measures labile species, so the approximation involved in interpretation as simple inorganic species, from which free ion activities can be derived, should be recognized. Diffusive gradients in thin-films also measures labile species, but it is applicable to a much wider range of metals than ASV. It requires larger volumes of solution, but it can be used directly on the whole soil where it also measures the metal that can be rapidly supplied to solution. Other techniques such as permeable liquid membranes have yet to be used for measurements on soil solution. All of these methods have strength and weaknesses, and measure different aspects of speciation. Knowledge of the availability of the metals to biota is likely to be best advanced by the critical use of one or more of these speciation methods with a thorough understanding of exactly what is being measured.
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    Topics: Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract. Effective use and recycling of manures together with occasional and judicious use of supplementary fertilizing materials forms the basis for management of phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) within organic farming systems. Replicated field trials were established at three sites across the UK to compare the supply of P and K to grass–clover swards cut for silage from a range of fertilizing materials, and to assess the usefulness of routine soil tests for P and K in organic farming systems. None of the fertilizing materials (farmyard manure, rock phosphate, Kali vinasse, volcanic tuff) significantly increased silage yields, nor was P offtake increased. However, farmyard manure and Kali vinasse proved effective sources of K to grass and clover in the short to medium term. Available P (measured as Olsen-P) showed no clear relationship with crop P offtake in these trials. In contrast, available K (measured by ammonium nitrate extraction) proved a useful measurement to predict K availability to crops and support K management decisions.
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    Soil use and management 21 (2005), S. 0 
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    Topics: Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract. Sodic and saline–sodic soils are characterized by the occurrence of sodium (Na+) at levels that result in poor physical properties and fertility problems, adversely affecting the growth and yield of most crops. These soils can be brought back to a highly productive state by providing a soluble source of calcium (Ca2+) to replace excess Na+ on the cation exchange complex. Many sodic and saline–sodic soils contain inherent or precipitated sources of Ca2+, typically calcite (CaCO3), at varying depths within the profile. Unlike other Ca2+ sources used in the amelioration of sodic and saline-sodic soils, calcite is not sufficiently soluble to effect the displacement of Na+ from the cation exchange complex. In recent years, phytoremediation has shown promise for the amelioration of calcareous sodic and saline–sodic soils. It also provides financial or other benefits to the farmer from the crops grown during the amelioration process. In contrast to phytoremediation of soils contaminated by heavy metals, phytoremediation of sodic and saline–sodic soils is achieved by the ability of plant roots to increase the dissolution rate of calcite, resulting in enhanced levels of Ca2+ in soil solution to replace Na+ from the cation exchange complex. Research has shown that this process is driven by the partial pressure of CO2 (PCO2) within the root zone, the generation of protons (H+) released by roots of certain plant species, and to a much smaller extent the enhanced Na+ uptake by plants and its subsequent removal from the field at harvest. Enhanced levels of PCO2 and H+ assist in increasing the dissolution rate of calcite. This results in the added benefit of improved physical properties within the root zone, enhancing the hydraulic conductivity and allowing the leaching of Na+ below the effective rooting depth. This review explores these driving forces and evaluates their relative contribution to the phytoremediation process. This will assist researchers and farm advisors in choosing appropriate crops and management practices to achieve maximum benefit during the amelioration process.
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    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract. Large nitrogen (N) inputs to outdoor pig farms in the UK can lead to high nitrate leaching losses and accumulation of surplus N in soil. We investigated the residual effects of three contrasting outdoor pig systems as compared to an arable control on nitrate leaching and soil N supply for subsequent spring cereal crops grown on a sandy loam soil during 1997/98 and 1998/99 harvest seasons. Previously, the pig systems had been stocked for 2 years from October 1995 and were designated current commercial practice (CCP, 25 sows ha−1 on stubble), improved management practice (IMP, 18 sows ha−1 on undersown stubble) and best management practice (BMP, 12 sows ha−1 on established grass). Estimated soil N surpluses by the end of stocking in September 1997 were 576, 398, 265 and 27 kg ha−1 N for the CCP, IMP, BMP and continuous arable control, respectively. Nitrate leaching losses in the first winter were 235, 198, 137 and 38 kg ha−1 N from the former CCP, IMP and BMP systems and the arable control, respectively. These losses from the former pig systems were equivalent to 41–52% of the estimated soil N surpluses. Leaching losses were much smaller in the second winter at 21, 14, 23 and 19 kg ha−1 N, respectively. Cultivation timing had no effect (P〉0.05) on leaching losses in year 1, but cultivation in October compared with December increased nitrate leaching by a mean of 14 kg ha−1 N across all treatments in year 2. Leaching losses over the two winters were correlated (P〈0.001) with autumn soil mineral N (SMN) contents. In both seasons, spring SMN, grain yields and N offtakes at harvest were similar (P〉0.05) for the three previous pig systems and the arable control, and cultivation timing had no effect (P〉0.05) on grain yields and crop N offtake. This systems study has shown that nitrate leaching losses during the first winter after outdoor pig farming can be large, with no residual available N benefits to following cereal crops unless that first winter is much drier than average.
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  • 81
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    Soil use and management 21 (2005), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1475-2743
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract. Soil organic carbon stocks to 1 m for Brazil, calculated using an updated Soil and Terrain (SOTER) database and simulation of phenoforms, are 65.9–67.5 Pg C, of which 65% is in the Amazonian region of Brazil. Other researchers have obtained similar gross results, despite very different spatial patterns mapped due to use of different methods.
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  • 82
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    Soil use and management 21 (2005), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1475-2743
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract. The effects of rice-straw management (incorporation, burning or removal) on soil organic carbon content and physical and hydraulic properties were determined after five years of rice–wheat cropping in a sandy loam soil in northwest India. Soil organic carbon content was greater with straw incorporation and straw burning than with straw removal, and aggregation status, total porosity, pore-size distribution, bulk density, dispersion ratio and soil strength were correspondingly improved. The treatment effects were confined mainly to the 0–5 cm depth. Water retention was less with straw burning than straw removal, owing to increased water repellency of the soil surfaces. Cumulative infiltration and its rate after five hours were greater with straw incorporation than straw burning or removal. Air entry values were unaffected by straw management; however, the values were greater after rice harvest than after wheat harvest.
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  • 83
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    Soil use and management 21 (2005), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1475-2743
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract. A field study was conducted to assess the effect of the nitrification inhibitor 3,4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate (DMPP), applied at a rate of 1 kg ha−1, on nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions, forage production and N extraction from a grassland soil after cattle slurry applications in autumn and spring. Nitrous oxide emissions were measured daily or weekly using the closed chamber technique. DMPP efficiency after slurry application was lower in spring (16.7 °C mean soil temperature) than in autumn (11.4 °C mean soil temperature). Thus, DMPP was able to maintain soil mineral N in the ammonium form for 22 days and reduce cumulative N2O emissions by 69% in autumn, while in spring its effect on soil mineral N lasted for 7–14 days, reducing cumulative N2O losses by 48%. Furthermore, application of DMPP after slurry did not decrease biomass yield or N uptake.
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  • 84
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    Soil use and management 21 (2005), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1475-2743
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract. Nutrient losses from arable land are important contributors to eutrophication of surface waters, and phosphorus (P) and nitrogen (N) usually act together to regulate production of Cyanobacteria. Concentrations and losses of both nutrients in drainage water from pipe drains were studied and compared in 15 crop rotations on a clay soil in southwest Sweden. Special emphasis was placed on P and it was possible to evaluate critical components of the crop rotations by flow-proportional water sampling. Total P concentrations in drainage water were generally small (0.04–0.18 mg L−1), but during two wetter years out of six, high P concentrations were measured following certain management practices, including ploughing-in lucerne (Medicago sativa L.) and fertilizing in advance without incorporation into the soil to meet the needs of several subsequent crops. This resulted in average flow-weighted concentrations of total P between 0.3 and 0.7 mg L−1. In crop rotations containing green manures, green fallow or leguminous leys, there was also a risk for increased P losses after these crops were ploughed in. The losses increased in the order: cash crops 〈 dairy with grass 〈 dairy with lucerne 〈 monoculture with barley 〈 organic farming with cattle slurry 〈 stockless organic farming with green manure. P balances varied between −9 and +8 kg P ha−1 and N balances between +4 and +35 kg N ha−1. The balances were not related to actual leaching losses. Phosphorus losses in drainage from set-aside were 67–82% of those from cash crops grown in ploughed and P-fertilized soil at the same site, indicating a high background P loss from this clay soil.
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  • 85
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    Soil use and management 21 (2005), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1475-2743
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract. Changes in surface soil properties of a savanna Alfisol under cultivation with applications of manure and inorganic NPK fertilizer were evaluated after 45 years of annual cropping. Soils from treatments with fertilizer only, fertilizer in combination with farmyard manure (FYM) at both high and low rates were compared to soil from a control receiving neither fertilizer nor manure. The high rate of FYM and fertilizer significantly improved soil aggregation, increased C, N and P status, while reducing soil penetration resistance. The results showed that there is a need to use both manure and inorganic fertilizer to maintain soil fertility in savanna soils under continuous cultivation.
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  • 86
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    Soil use and management 21 (2005), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1475-2743
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract. Vertisols are among the most common, high-potential soils in the central highlands of Ethiopia, where over 88% of human and 77% of the livestock population are located. Productivity from these soils is constrained by severe waterlogging due to their physical properties and intensive rainfall in summer. Traditionally, farmers plant late in the season to avoid the waterlogging, which results in harvest yields that are far below optimal. To bridge this yield gap, the broad-bed and furrow system for surface drainage has been introduced. Despite reported yields of various crops, little is known of the on-site and off-site impacts of this system. Consequently, four land preparation methods viz. (i) broad-bed and furrow (BBF), (ii) green manure (GM), (iii) the traditional system of ridge and furrow (RF) and (iv) reduced tillage (RT) were compared on standard runoff plots for 5 years (1998–2002) at Caffee Doonsaa in the central Highlands of Ethiopia. Runoff, sediment, organic carbon and nutrient (organic nitrogen and available phosphorus) losses were determined during the last two years (2001 and 2002). Over 50% of the seasonal rainfall was lost as runoff, regardless of the treatment, with significantly more of the excess water running off BBF and RT treatments in both years. The BBF system drained 67% and 54% of rainfall as runoff in 2001 and 2002, respectively, compared with 61% and 53% from the RT system during the measurement period. Although not statistically significant, the largest sediment and total nutrient losses tended to be from the BBF. The effect of the treatments on total nutrient loss and enrichment ratio was inconsistent. The nutrient concentration in the eroded sediment was greater than that of the originating surface soil but was strongly correlated. The effect of the land preparation methods was significant and varied with crops. Recommended options for best crop productivity are BBF for lentil and RT for wheat and tef.
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  • 87
    ISSN: 1475-2743
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract. Soil organic matter (SOM) controls the physical, chemical and biological properties of soil and is a key factor in soil productivity. Data on SOM quantity and quality are therefore important for agricultural sustainability. In 1990, an experiment was set up at Saria, Burkina Faso on a sandy loam Lixisol to evaluate long-term effects of tillage (hand hoeing or oxen ploughing) with or without 10 t ha−1 yr−1 of manure and fallowing on SOM and N concentrations and their distribution in particle size fractions. The field was sown annually to sorghum (Sorghum bicolor [L.] Moench). Ten years later, total organic C and total N, SOM fractions and their N concentrations, and sorghum yield were determined. Continuous sorghum cultivation without organic inputs caused significant losses of C and N in the hoed and ploughed plots. However, addition of manure to hoed plots was effective in maintaining similar levels of C and N to fallow plots. Without manure, SOM was mainly stored in the size-fraction 〈0.053 mm (fine organic matter, FOM). SOM was mainly stored in the size-fraction between 0.053 and 2 mm (particulate organic matter, POM). In plots with manure and in fallow plots, the addition of manure more than doubled POM concentrations, with levels in tilled plots exceeding those of the fallow plots, and the highest levels in manually hoed plots. Nitrogen associated with POM (POM-N) followed a similar trend to POM. Hoeing and ploughing led to a decline in sorghum grain yield. Manure application increased yields by 56% in the hoed plots and 70% in the ploughed plots. Grain yield was not correlated with total SOM but was positively correlated with total POM. This study indicated that POM was greatly affected by long-term soil management options.
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  • 88
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    Soil use and management 21 (2005), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1475-2743
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract. The impact of different tropical farming systems on soil quality was examined using a systematic sampling strategy. Total organic C, pH, extractable P, exchangeable K, bulk density, water stable aggregates, microbial biomass C, cation exchange capacity, soil depth, and clay content were determined. An assessment framework, including a minimum data set, linear scoring functions and weighted additive indices, was used to evaluate the soil quality of a tropical farm growing various crops in Hainan, China. Soil quality was evaluated according to four functions: water availability, nutrient availability, rooting suitability, and erosion resistance. Our results showed that soils were intrinsically lacking in nutrients and vulnerable to degradation, and that these problems were exacerbated by inappropriate management. There was strong evidence that long-term rubber farming caused soil acidification, soil compaction, and depletion of organic matter and nutrients. By contrast, conservation practices in coffee plantations protected or improved organic matter concentration and soil structure, resulting in higher soil quality indices.
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  • 89
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    Soil use and management 21 (2005), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1475-2743
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract. The practice of large phosphorus (P) additions to agricultural land has resulted in an increased depletion of limited mineable rock phosphate resources, P accumulation in soils with an increased risk for P losses, and intensified eutrophication and deterioration of water quality in recipient water bodies. A number of measures have been used to reach balance between P inputs and outputs in agricultural systems, with the goal of achieving improved P use efficiency, sustained high crop yields and reduced P losses. This paper discusses how this goal may be achieved. Results from a Swedish long-term fertility experiment combined with results of a P leaching study using a selection of soils from the fertility experiment are used to evaluate the effects of a balanced P system on yields, soil P levels and P leaching. Three P fertilizer application strategies are compared (zero P, replacement P, and a treatment where surplus P fertilization was used to achieve a rapid increase in the soil P status). The replacement P strategy appeared to be the most sustainable system but P fixation in this system must be accounted for. When surplus P rates were applied, increased crop yields were counterbalanced by poorer use efficiency and P accumulation in soil. Topsoil P content was a poor predictor of P leaching. Instead, balancing P inputs and outputs represents a first step in the management of P losses, but additional, site-specific measures are required to counteract site-specific factors responsible for P losses.
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  • 90
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    Soil use and management 20 (2004), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1475-2743
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
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  • 91
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    Soil use and management 20 (2004), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1475-2743
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Book reviewed in this article: Trees, crops and soil fertility: concepts and research methods. By G. Schroth and F.I. Sinclair (Editors).
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  • 92
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    Soil use and management 20 (2004), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1475-2743
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract. Current tillage erosion models account for the influence of tillage direction in the magnitude of the soil transport coefficient. It is argued that a re-modelling of tillage erosion is preferable in which the influence of tillage direction is separated from the soil transport coefficient, which is a measure of tillage intensity. This has been achieved here by developing a two-dimensional tillage erosion model that incorporates tillage direction in the measure of slope and uses soil transport coefficients that are independent of tillage direction and based on relationships between transport and the slope in the direction that bisects tillage direction and the overturning direction. Mean tillage erosion, associated with a single pair of opposing tillage directions and pair of overturning directions, can be described by a two-dimensional diffusion-type equation if the dimensions are defined as the tillage direction and the direction perpendicular to tillage. Application of the model to a real-world case allows quantification of the potential soil conservation benefits associated with optimization of tillage direction. The scope for amelioration is related to the ratio between the coefficients for transport in the direction of tillage and perpendicular to tillage. As this ratio approaches unity, the potential for amelioration reduces towards zero. For the study site investigated, use of the experimentally derived ratio of 0.66 indicated that a 12% reduction in tillage erosion could be obtained by ploughing across the dominant field slope as compared to ploughing up and down the dominant slope. For an implement with a coefficient ratio of 0.2 the reduction in tillage erosion intensity, associated with optimizing the tillage direction, reaches 28%. Nevertheless, such benefits must be considered in the context of other management considerations. The tillage direction that minimizes erosion is associated with lateral slopes of 10°, or more, over 20% of the field. To the land-user this disadvantage may outweigh the soil conservation benefits.
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  • 93
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    Soil use and management 20 (2004), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1475-2743
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract. Efforts to understand the fate of organochlorine compounds in arable soil have concentrated on anthropogenic compounds, in spite of the fact that organochlorine compounds are both produced and mineralized in soil through natural processes. In order to understand the fate of chlorinated pesticides, it is necessary to take account of the natural chlorine cycle. The present study is a first attempt to illuminate the relationship between the natural chlorine cycle and agricultural practices. The concentration and storage of organic chlorine (Clorg) and chloride (Clinorg) were determined in topsoil of a paddy field compared to an adjacent afforested hill at a sampling site in the Meicun area, Anhui Province, China. The concentration of Clorg, as well as the chlorine-to-carbon ratio, was significantly lower in the paddy field samples than in the forest soil samples. A weak relationship between the concentration of Clorg and the organic carbon content was observed in the paddy field, in contrast to the observations made in the adjacent forest soil as well as those made in previous studies, which have suggested a positive correlation between organic carbon content and Clorg. The similarity between our results at the forest site and the previous studies, which have been carried out in temperate regions, suggests that it is the land use rather than the climate that makes the current paddy soil results different. Our results suggest that the contribution of Clorg to the paddy soil from above-ground litter and from production within the soil are small or negligible compared with the contribution from pesticide application and wet and dry deposition.
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  • 94
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    Soil use and management 19 (2003), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1475-2743
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Book reviewed in this article: The Identification of Soils for Forest Management. By Fiona Kennedy.
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  • 95
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    Soil use and management 19 (2003), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1475-2743
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract. A no-tillage (NT) system was developed in semiarid Morocco to improve the soil fertility and stabilize yield through conservation of water. Results in two long-term trials (4 and 11 years) were able to show the effects of a no-tillage system in increasing total soil organic matter and total nitrogen. Over time, the quality of the NT soil surface was improved compared with that under conventional tillage (CT) with disc harrows. This effect was the result of an increase in soil organic carbon (SOC) and a slight decline in pH. However, over time, nitrogen decreased in both tillage practices, especially in the 0–25 mm layer (from 0.59 to 0.57 t ha−1 and from 0.44 to 0.42 t ha−1 under NT and CT, respectively). After 4 years of NT an extra 5.62 t ha−1 of SOC was sequestered in the 0–25 mm layer, and after 11 years the SOC increased further to 7.21 t ha−1.
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  • 96
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    Soil use and management 19 (2003), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1475-2743
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Book reviewed in this article: Agriculture, Hydrology and Water Quality. By P.M. Haygarth and S.C. Jarvis (Editors).
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  • 97
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    Soil use and management 19 (2003), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1475-2743
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract. For an efficient abatement of diffuse N pollution from arable land, it is important to have practical and reliable tools that can quantify the effect of different management practices on leaching, and also analyse the effect of alternative management scenarios aimed at reducing leaching. We present here an application of soilndb, a management-oriented model for quantifying nitrate leaching from arable land. Simulations with soilndb were compared with measurements of pipe-drain discharge of nitrate taken in a 14-year field experiment on a sandy loam soil in south-west Sweden. Following adjustment of parameters connected to litter and faeces decomposition and mineralization, the model gave satisfactory predictions of nitrate leaching for all 10 treatments. The temporal pattern was generally well captured by the model, as was confirmed by high model efficiency values (average = 0.59). This application also supports the model's ability to simulate the long-term influence of different crops and catch crops as well as different manure strategies on leaching. However, further studies should be done to evaluate the model under additional agro-environmental conditions (e.g. soils, climates, and crops).
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  • 98
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    Soil use and management 19 (2003), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1475-2743
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract. The Phosphorus Indicators Tool provides a catchment-scale estimation of diffuse phosphorus (P) loss from agricultural land to surface waters using the most appropriate indicators of P loss. The Tool provides a framework that may be applied across the UK to estimate P loss, which is sensitive not only to land use and management but also to environmental factors such as climate, soil type and topography. The model complexity incorporated in the P Indicators Tool has been adapted to the level of detail in the available data and the need to reflect the impact of changes in agriculture. Currently, the Tool runs on an annual timestep and at a 1 km2 grid scale.We demonstrate that the P Indicators Tool works in principle and that its modular structure provides a means of accounting for P loss from one layer to the next, and ultimately to receiving waters. Trial runs of the Tool suggest that modelled P delivery to water approximates measured water quality records. The transparency of the structure of the P Indicators Tool means that identification of poorly performing coefficients is possible, and further refinements of the Tool can be made to ensure it is better calibrated and subsequently validated against empirical data, as it becomes available.
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  • 99
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    Soil use and management 19 (2003), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1475-2743
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract. We present a semi-quantitative visual and tactile method for assessing soil physical fertility in terms of soil structure, root growth and soil surface condition. A block of topsoil is dug out with a spade. Horizontal layers (usually 2–4) are then identified as they appear. A brief one-page description of the soil is produced. Using a key, structural and rooting scores are assigned to each soil layer from the appearance of the soil and from its response to tactile assessment. These scores are then combined across depths, with weighting appropriate for the depth of each layer. A separate score was made of soil surface condition. Thus, overall soil physical fertility is assessed as three scores for topsoil structure, rooting and surface condition. The usefulness and sensitivity of the procedure were tested in two ley-arable organic rotation experiments on sandy loams in northeast Scotland.
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  • 100
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    Soil use and management 19 (2003), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1475-2743
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract. Eleven precipitated phosphates were evaluated as sources of phosphorus (P) for plant growth by comparing their effectiveness with that of monocalcium phosphate, a source of water soluble P that is generally considered to be fully plant available. The precipitated phosphates comprised struvites recovered from waste water discharges (mainly magnesium ammonium phosphate), laboratory synthesised struvites, a synthetic iron phosphate and a recovered calcium phosphate. Precipitating phosphates in these forms could be a way for removing P from waste water before it is discharged to rivers, so reducing the risk of eutrophication. Application to agricultural land would be one potential use for such phosphates. Evaluation was by pot experiments with a sandy loam soil and with a sandy clay loam soil using perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) as the test crop. The soils differed in pH (6.6 and 7.1) and in Olsen P (28 and 11 mg L−1). Measured variables were grass dry matter (DM) yield and grass P concentration which were used to calculate offtake of P in the harvested grass. DM yields of ryegrass and P offtakes given by the synthetic and recovered struvites were not significantly different statistically either between themselves or to MCP applied at the same rate. On this basis these struvites could be used to recycle P to similar soils and the effect of the P on crop yield should be similar to that of MCP
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