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  • 2015-2019  (1.328)
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  • 1
    Publikationsdatum: 2021-05-06
    Beschreibung: While archaeological records indicate an intensive Mesolithic occupation of dune areas situated along river valleys, relatively little knowledge exists about environmental interactions in the form of land-use strategies and their possible local impacts. The combination of geoarchaeological, chronological, geochemical and palaeoecological research methods and their application both on a Mesoltihic site situated on top of a dune and the adjacent palaeochannel sediments allows for a detailed reconstruction of the local environmental development around the Soven site in the Jeetzel valley (Northern Germany) since ~10.5 ka cal BP. Based on the results, we identified four phases that may be related to local human impact twice during the Mesolithic, the Neolithic and the Iron Ages and are discussed on the backdrop of the regional settlement history. Although nearby Mesolithic occupation is evident on archaeological grounds, the identification of synchronous impacts on the vegetation in the local environmental records remains tentative even in respect of the broad methodical spectrum applied. Vice versa, human impact is strongly indicated by palaeoecological and geochemical proxies during the Neolithic period, but cannot be connected to archaeological records in the area so far. A younger phase of human impact – probably consisting of seasonal livestock farming in the wetlands – is ascribed to the Iron Age economy and comprises local soil erosion, raised concentrations of phosphates and urease, and the facilitation of grazing related taxa.
    Beschreibung: research
    Schlagwort(e): 551.7 ; aeolian sand ; pollen ; mesolithic ; iron age ; charcoal ; human impact ; OSL ; Neolithisation
    Sprache: Englisch
    Materialart: article , Verlagsversion
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    Publikationsdatum: 2021-03-29
    Schlagwort(e): gas hydrate-bearing sediments; in situ synchrotron-tomography data ; 551
    Sprache: Englisch
    Materialart: article , publishedVersion
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 3
    Publikationsdatum: 2021-03-29
    Beschreibung: A series of various readily water-soluble carbamates were synthesized with good yields. These compounds are useful chemical tracers for assessing the cooling progress in a georeservoir during geothermal power plant operation. Acylation of primary amines was carried out as well as using a solution of sodium bicarbonate and without the presence of salt. Products were characterized by 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR. Purity was confirmed through elemental analysis.
    Beschreibung: Open Access Publikationsfonds 2015
    Schlagwort(e): chloroformates; primary amines; carbamates; thermo-sensitive tracers; urethanes ; 551
    Sprache: Englisch , Englisch
    Materialart: article , publishedVersion
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 4
    Publikationsdatum: 2021-03-29
    Beschreibung: The combination of scanning electron microscope–cathodoluminescence (CL), fluid inclusion analysis and high-resolution electron probe microanalysis of Al, Ti, K and Fe in vein quartz has yielded results permitting a greater understanding of the complex mineralisation of the Central Oyu Tolgoi and Zesen Uul porphyry-style deposits, southern Mongolia. These data demonstrate the relationship between quartz precipitation, dissolution and ore deposition as the mineralising fluid chemistry changed through time. Four major quartz generations are identified in the A-type veins from the stockworks of both the Central Oyu Tolgoi (OTi to OTiv) and Zesen Uul deposits (ZUi to ZUiv). Despite differences in the associated alteration and mineralisation style, the observed CL textures and trace element signatures of the quartz generations are comparable between deposits. The OTi and ZUi stage formed both the primary network of A-type veins and pervasive silicification of the host rock. Using the Ti-in-quartz geothermometer, crystallisation temperatures for OTi and ZUi of between 598°C and 880°C are indicated. The main stage of sulphide mineralisation was accompanied by the dissolution of pre-existing quartz (OTi and ZUi) and precipitation of a weakly luminescent generation of quartz (OTii and ZUii) with a low Ti content, reflected in a calculated temperature drop from approximately 700°C to 340°C in Central Oyu Tolgoi and 445°C in Zesen Uul. OTii and ZUii stage quartzes show high and variable Al concentrations. The next stage of quartz in both deposits (OTiii and ZUiii) forms a fine network of veins in cracks formed in pre-existing quartz. OTiii and ZUiii quartz contain measurable fluid inclusions of moderate salinity (3–17.1 wt.% NaCl eq.), entrapped in the temperature range 256°C to 385°C. OTiii and ZUiii are not related to any sulphide mineralisation. The final OTiv and ZUiv stages are characterised by quartz–calcite micro-breccias that penetrate the A-type veins. Based on the calculated entrapment temperatures, the OTiv/ZUiv stage crystallised between 212°C and 335°C, and the quartz is characterised by elevated but variable Al and Fe contents. The CL and trace element signatures of the OTi to OTiii and ZUi to ZUiii stages of the two Mongolian porphyries show similar features to those observed in porphyry-style deposits from other regions. This suggests that a common sequence of quartz crystallisation occurs during the formation of early veins in many porphyry copper systems.
    Schlagwort(e): Copper porphyry; Quartz; Cathodoluminescence; Fluid inclusion; Trace elements; Mongolia ; 551
    Sprache: Englisch
    Materialart: article , publishedVersion
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 5
    Publikationsdatum: 2021-03-29
    Beschreibung: Chemical reduction has long dominated the thinking about the mechanism of aqueous contaminant removal in the presence of metallic iron (e.g. Fe0/H2O systems). However, a large body of experimental evidence indicates that chemical reduction is not adequate to explain satisfactorily the efficiency of Fe0/H2O systems for several substances or classes of substances. By contrast, the alternative approach, that contaminants are fundamentally adsorbed and co-precipitated by iron corrosion products seems to provide a better explanation of observed efficiency. The new approach is obviously not really understood. The present communication aims at clarifying this key issue. It seems that a paradigm shift is necessary for the further development of the iron technology.
    Schlagwort(e): Contaminant removal; Paradigm shift; Removal mechanism; Water treatment; Zerovalent iron ; 551
    Sprache: Englisch
    Materialart: article , submittedVersion
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 6
    Publikationsdatum: 2021-03-29
    Schlagwort(e): Adsorption; Contaminant removal; Mechanisms; Reduction; Zerovalent metals ; 551
    Sprache: Englisch
    Materialart: article , submittedVersion
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 7
    Publikationsdatum: 2021-03-29
    Schlagwort(e): Interdisciplinary approach; Peer-review system; Permeable reactive barrier; Water treatment; Zero-valent iron ; 551
    Sprache: Englisch
    Materialart: article , submittedVersion
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 8
    Publikationsdatum: 2021-03-29
    Beschreibung: A detailed electrochemical, photophysical and theoretical study is presented for various new thienyl and furyl derivatives of pyrene. Their optical properties are described based on UV-VIS absorption and both steady-state and time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy. DFT and TDDFT calculations are also presented to support experimental data. The calculations results show that HOMO-LUMO orbitals are delocalized uniformly between aromatic core and aryl substituents. Good electrochemical stability of thienyl and furyl hybrids of pyrene confirm their potential application for light emitting electrochemical cells or spintronics mainly due to their beneficial optical and charge transport properties in electrochromic devices. In order to demonstrate this potential, an OLED device is presented. Synthesized compounds included in this OLED device both facilitate electron transport and act as a light emitting layer.
    Schlagwort(e): thienyl; furyl derivatives; pyrene ; 551
    Sprache: Englisch , Englisch
    Materialart: article , publishedVersion
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 9
    Publikationsdatum: 2021-04-25
    Beschreibung: An external skeleton is an essential part of the body plan of many animals and is thought to be one of the key factors that enabled the great expansion in animal diversity and disparity during the Cambrian explosion. Molluscs are considered ideal to study the evolution of biomineralization because of their diversity of highly complex, robust and patterned shells. The molluscan shell forms externally at the interface of animal and environment, and involves controlled deposition of calcium carbonate within a framework of macromolecules that are secreted from the dorsal mantle epithelium. Despite its deep conservation within Mollusca, the mantle is capable of producing an incredible diversity of shell patterns, and macro- and micro-architectures. Here we review recent developments within the field of molluscan biomineralization, focusing on the genes expressed in the mantle that encode secreted proteins. The so-called mantle secretome appears to regulate shell deposition and patterning and in some cases becomes part of the shell matrix. Recent transcriptomic and proteomic studies have revealed marked differences in the mantle secretomes of even closely-related molluscs; these typically exceed expected differences based on characteristics of the external shell. All mantle secretomes surveyed to date include novel genes encoding lineage-restricted proteins and unique combinations of co-opted ancient genes. A surprisingly large proportion of both ancient and novel secreted proteins containing simple repetitive motifs or domains that are often modular in construction. These repetitive low complexity domains (RLCDs) appear to further promote the evolvability of the mantle secretome, resulting in domain shuffling, expansion and loss. RLCD families further evolve via slippage and other mechanisms associated with repetitive sequences. As analogous types of secreted proteins are expressed in biomineralizing tissues in other animals, insights into the evolution of the genes underlying molluscan shell formation may be applied more broadly to understanding the evolution of metazoan biomineralization.
    Schlagwort(e): Biomineralization; Mollusc; Mantle; Shell; Shell matrix proteins; Co-option; Lineage-specific novelties; Repetitive low complexity domain ; 551
    Sprache: Englisch , Englisch
    Materialart: article , publishedVersion
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 10
    Publikationsdatum: 2021-03-29
    Beschreibung: This study aims to evaluate quantitatively the land surface temperature (LST) derived from MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) MOD11A1 and MYD11A1 Collection 5 products for daily land air surface temperature (Ta) estimation over a mountainous region in northern Vietnam. The main objective is to estimate maximum and minimum Ta (Ta-max and Ta-min) using both TERRA and AQUA MODIS LST products (daytime and nighttime) and auxiliary data, solving the discontinuity problem of ground measurements. There exist no studies about Vietnam that have integrated both TERRA and AQUA LST of daytime and nighttime for Ta estimation (using four MODIS LST datasets). In addition, to find out which variables are the most effective to describe the differences between LST and Ta, we have tested several popular methods, such as: the Pearson correlation coefficient, stepwise, Bayesian information criterion (BIC), adjusted R-squared and the principal component analysis (PCA) of 14 variables (including: LST products (four variables), NDVI, elevation, latitude, longitude, day length in hours, Julian day and four variables of the view zenith angle), and then, we applied nine models for Ta-max estimation and nine models for Ta-min estimation. The results showed that the differences between MODIS LST and ground truth temperature derived from 15 climate stations are time and regional topography dependent. The best results for Ta-max and Ta-min estimation were achieved when we combined both LST daytime and nighttime of TERRA and AQUA and data from the topography analysis.
    Beschreibung: Open-Access-Publikationsfonds 2016
    Schlagwort(e): land surface temperature (LST); MODIS LST products; northern Vietnam ; 551
    Sprache: Englisch
    Materialart: article , publishedVersion
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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