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  • thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues  (1,123)
  • English  (1,114)
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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: Radio communications in the range of 60 GHz enable multi-Gigabit/s network access in indoor environments. Due to the propagation characteristics of such signals only very short range radio transmission is feasible. In order to distribute these signals across large distances, analog transmission over optical fiber is considered. In this work, mode-locked laser diodes serve as optoelectronic oscillators for the generation of such signals. Their system-relevant properties are studied in detail.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; millimeter wave communications ; mode-locked lasers ; wireless personal area networks ; radio-over-fiber ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues
    Language: English
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  • 2
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: This reprint concerns topics on chemical, functional, and technological features of wheats to obtain wheat-based foods improved in phytochemicals. Genetic materials, from landraces to ancient and modern wheat varieties, characterized for their content of bioactive compounds, were exploited to produce superior staple foods. The study of other species allowed to identify functional ingredients, in wholemeals or in their by-products, useful in the enrichment of formulations for various cereal-based products. Further, in the optic of circular economy, it is of great interest the extraction of bioactive components from food processing waste belonging to the other crops to functionalize final products.
    Keywords: durum wheat ; diversity ; pigmented cereals ; phytochemicals ; anthocyanins ; antioxidant activity ; protein ; gluten ; wheat aleurone ; dietary fibre ; extraction process ; antioxidant ; bread ; arabinoxylans ; bakery ; biologically active substances ; DPPH assay ; nutritional value ; sensory properties ; pasta fortification ; hemp flour ; durum wheat cultivar ; amino acids ; fatty acids ; mineral fortification ; brewers’ spent grain ; bread-making ; circular economy ; common wheat ; emmer ; phenolics ; proteins ; sustainable food production ; bread wheat ; spelt ; fibre ; metabolites ; minerals ; fertilisation ; health benefits ; colour ; farinograph ; rheofermentograph ; viscoelastic behaviour ; bread shelf life ; crumb porosity ; cereals ; wholemeal ; biscuits ; phenolic acid compositions ; carotenoids ; consumer acceptance ; wheat quality ; genetic resources ; ancient wheat ; avocado wastes/by-products ; functional bread ; lactic acid bacteria ; sourdough ; peels ; pulp ; seeds ; polyphenols ; antioxidant properties ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TC Biochemical engineering::TCB Biotechnology
    Language: English
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  • 3
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: In recent years, the fascination with shape memory alloys (SMAs) has grown across industries such as aerospace, automotive, naval, civil, and biology. SMAs possess unique properties, including the ability to recover from deformation when heated, exhibit pseudoelastic stress-strain behavior for large deformations, and exceptional biocompatibility for bioengineering applications. However, a comprehensive understanding of critical characteristics like transformation temperature and stress values is necessary to fully utilize SMAs. The shape memory effect, where SMAs regain their original shape after deformation under specific thermal conditions, has driven innovative applications in various sectors. In aerospace, SMAs are used in wing structures and actuation systems, enabling morphing and improving aerodynamics. In healthcare, they are integrated into orthopedic devices, simplifying surgical procedures and providing necessary support. The automotive industry also benefits from SMAs, using them in seatbelts and vibration damping systems for enhanced safety and comfort. Accurate knowledge of critical characteristics is essential for effective utilization of SMAs, unlocking their potential in different fields. The remarkable versatility of SMAs, with their deformation recovery, pseudoelasticity, and biocompatibility, positions them as a material of immense interest. As research and development continue, SMAs are poised to drive future innovations, shaping various industries.
    Keywords: shape memory alloy (SMAs) ; shape memory effect (SME) ; superelasticity ; smart materials ; constitutive models ; simulation and modeling ; smart devices ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TG Mechanical engineering and materials::TGM Materials science
    Language: English
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  • 4
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Mg alloy is the lightest metallic structural material and possesses the advantages of high specific strength, high specific stiffness, good electromagnetism shield, good damping capacity, good machinability, and easy recycling, etc. Therefore, it has extremely broad application prospects and has drawn considerable interest in the fields of automobile, electronics, electrical appliances, transportation, aerospace, and aviation. In addition, Mg alloys are gradually showing application potential in emerging industries, serving as biodegradable metals in the biomedical field, functional material for hydrogen storage, and so on. This Special Issue (SI), entitled “Research Progress in High-Performance Magnesium Alloy and Its Applications”, presents recent developments and excellent results in the field of Mg alloys, and includes 10 articles and one editorial covering some interesting aspects of the topic.
    Keywords: grain refinement ; high strength and toughness ; {10–12} twin ; Mg-Gd-Y alloy ; multidirectional impact forging ; Mg-Zn-Mn-Ca ; Ca2Mg6Zn3 phase ; corrosion behaviors ; SKPFM ; boride ; MgB2 ; mechanical alloying ; ignition ; combustion ; flame temperature ; magnesium alloy ; biocompatibility ; surface coating modification ; corrosion resistance ; implantable bio-metal materials ; filler material ; welding ; scandium ; microstructure modification ; mechanical properties ; microstructure ; texture ; stretch formability ; high temperature cross-rolling ; annealing ; wire arc additive manufacturing ; cold metal transfer ; Al-Mg alloys ; orthogonal experiment ; Mg-Bi-Ca alloy ; hot deformation ; constitutive model ; dynamic recrystallization kinetics ; Mg alloy ; twinning ; random orientation ; compression ; room temperature ; backward extrusion ; tensile strength ; failure mechanism ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TG Mechanical engineering and materials::TGM Materials science
    Language: English
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  • 5
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Papers collected in the present Special Issue relate to the field of sericulture. They cover different aspects based on a very ancient human agricultural activity, taking into consideration classical agronomic aspects, such as the impact of feeding on silk quality and sericulture in different parts of the world. Nonetheless, cutting edge topics are addressed as well, with papers studying silk as a biomaterial, the silkworm as a model organism, and the possibility of exploring its physiology and the molecular mechanisms that stand behind it with the aid of modern tools such as gene profiling, the CRISPR/Cas-9 system, and -omics sciences.
    Keywords: silkworm ; Bombyx mori ; transcriptome analysis ; RNA-seq ; gene model transcriptional factor ; Cutibacterium acnes ; infection ; antibacterial drugs ; polyamines ; cell cycle progression ; Bombyx mori nuclear polyhedrosis virus ; sequencing analysis ; qPCR ; pathogenicity difference ; maternal mRNAs ; 20-hydroxyecdysone ; pupa ; wandering ; fibroin ; sericin ; chrysalis ; diabetes ; hydrogen sulfide ; transcriptome ; differentially expressed genes ; expression pattern ; silk ; supercritical carbon dioxide impregnation ; nanofiller ; CRISPR-Cas ; silkworms ; genome engineering ; insect biotechnology ; entomology ; sericulture ; agroindustry ; Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations ; mulberry ; moriculture ; germplasm preservation ; 16S rRNA gene ; amplicon sequencing ; gut microbiota ; co-expression network analysis ; silk protein ; transcription factor ; Eri silkworm ; pentose-utilizing microbe ; lactic acid bacteria ; probiotic ; Eri culture ; silk fibroin ; SILKBridge® nerve conduit ; performance testing ; biocompatibility ; toxicology ; regulatory requirements ; quality requirements ; control manufacturing ; green material ; biomaterial ; 3D scaffolds ; cancer therapy ; bibliometric analysis ; mulberry silkworm pupae ; nutritional composition ; silk gland ; infection model ; Staphylococcus epidermidis ; insect immune response ; antimicrobial compounds ; glycopeptide antibiotics ; vancomycin ; teicoplanin ; dalbavancin ; mulberry leaves ; chemical composition ; feeding experiment ; bacterial microbiome ; BmNPV ; Bombyx mori L. ; non-timber forest product ; livelihood ; Indonesia ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TC Biochemical engineering::TCB Biotechnology
    Language: English
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  • 6
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Metalliferous minerals play a central role in the global economy. They will continue to provide the raw materials we need for industrial processes. Significant challenges will likely emerge if the climate-driven green and low-carbon development transition of metalliferous mineral exploitation is not managed responsibly and sustainably. Green low-carbon technology is vital to promote the development of metalliferous mineral resources shifting from extensive and destructive mining to clean and energy-saving mining in future decades. Global mining scientists and engineers have conducted a lot of research in related fields, such as green mining, ecological mining, energy-saving mining, and mining solid waste recycling, and have achieved a great deal of innovative progress and achievements. This Special Issue intends to collect the latest developments in the green low-carbon mining field, written by well-known researchers who have contributed to the innovation of new technologies, process optimization methods, or energy-saving techniques in metalliferous minerals development.
    Keywords: metallurgical slag-based binders ; solidification/stabilisation ; As(III) ; As(V) ; calcium hydroxide ; sublevel caving ; numerical simulation ; physical model ; structural parameter ; green mining ; limestone ; high temperature ; confining pressure ; SHPB ; constitutive model ; open-pit mine ; PLAXIS 3D ; dynamic load ; safety factor ; acceleration ; particle sedimentation ; filling mining ; degree of influence ; pipeline transportation ; solid waste utilization ; tailings ; reclamation risk ; hazard identification ; complex network ; hazard management ; digital mine ; mine short-term production planning ; haulage equipment dispatch plan ; ABCA ; NSGA ; settlement velocity measurement ; K-means ; tailings backfill ; unsupervised learning ; cemented paste backfill ; ESEM ; picture processing ; floc networks ; pumping agent ; fractal dimension ; backfill slurry ; strength of cemented backfill ; inhomogeneity of cemented backfill ; cemented tailings backfill ; copper ; zinc ; recovery ; sulfide concentrate ; artificial microbial community ; granular backfill ; bearing characteristics ; numerical model ; particle size ; surface subsidence ; blasting dust movement ; dust concentration ; particle size distribution ; blasting dust reduction ; backfill ; metal mine ; log-sigmoid ; tailings pond ; regional distribution ; dam break ; accident statistics ; causation analysis ; backfilling ; increasing resistance and reducing pressure ; computational fluid dynamics ; spiral pipe ; stowing gradient ; coal-based solid waste ; orthogonal experiment ; strength development ; regression analysis ; engineering performance ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TT Other technologies and applied sciences::TTU Mining technology and engineering
    Language: English
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  • 7
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: Blockchain and cryptocurrencies have recently captured the interest of academics and those in industry. Cryptocurrencies are essentially digital currencies that use blockchain technology and cryptography to facilitate secure and anonymous transactions. The cryptocurrency market is currently worth over $500 billion. Many institutions and countries are starting to understand and implement the idea of cryptocurrencies in their business models. This Special Issue will provide a collection of papers from leading experts in the area of blockchain and cryptocurrencies. The topics covered in this Special Issue will include but are not limited to the following: academic research on blockchain and cryptocurrencies; industrial applications of blockchain and cryptocurrencies; applications of fintech in academia and industry; the economics of blockchain technology, and the financial analysis and risk management with cryptocurrencies.
    Keywords: cryptocurrencies ; connectedness ; spill overs ; spectral analysis ; time-frequency-dynamic ; Bitcoin ; cryptocurrency ; spillover risks ; Copulas ; Student’s-t ; survey ; bitcoin ; efficient market hypothesis ; ARIMA ; artificial neural network ; static forecast ; contagion effect ; detrended cross-correlation analysis ; liquidity ; Ethereum ; market liquidity ; Hurst exponent ; high frequency ; fraud ; algorithms ; correlations ; impact ; risks ; regulation ; blockchain ; autoregression ; time-series analysis ; simulation ; predictive modes ; endogenous ; exogenous variables ; Blockchain ; Cryptocurrencies ; Digital Currencies ; Risk management ; Financial analysis ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues
    Language: English
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  • 8
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Smart materials and structures are capable of active or passive changes in terms of shapes, properties, and mechanical or electromagnetic responses in reaction to an external stimulus, such as light, temperature, stress, moisture, pH, and electric or magnetic fields. They have attracted increasing interest for their enhanced performance and efficiency over a wide range of industrial applications, especially for aerospace. These require novel engineering approaches and design philosophies in order to integrate the actions of sensors, actuators, and control circuit elements into a single system that can respond adaptively to its surroundings. This reprint has collected cutting-edge research and recent advances in smart materials and structures, including seven original research papers and three review articles, co-authored by 65 scientists and engineers from 18 institutions and 3 industries. The research topics mainly cover advanced materials, applications of smart materials and structures, as well as recent development in sensing techniques. We hope this reprint will contribute to disseminating the latest progress in smart materials and structures, as well as stimulate the interest of its audience to work in this important and vibrant area to promote and benefit the multidisciplinary scientific communities.
    Keywords: textile-based mechanical sensors ; mechanism ; preparation ; advantages ; applications ; Artificial Neural Network (ANN) ; guided waves ; Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) ; Finite Element Analysis (FEA) ; damage detection ; metals ; composites ; aeroelastic stability ; bladed disk ; intentional mistuning ; piezoelectric material ; topological optimization ; microstructure ; high-entropy alloy ; mechanical property ; bipedal robot ; dynamics simulation ; MRE isolator ; vibration reduction control algorithms ; no-core fiber ; polyaniline ; polyacrylic acid ; pH sensor ; multimode interference ; gas foil bearing ; Inconel alloy ; sensing foil ; strain field ; temperature field ; thermomechanical coupling ; thermomechanical characterization ; rotor dynamics ; turbomachinery ; cholesteric liquid crystals ; electro-optic response ; polymer stabilization ; ion-trapping mechanism ; liquid metal ; stretchable conductor ; 3D printing ; high dynamic stability ; wearable devices ; biomimetic ; Venus flytrap ; smart ; composite ; mechanics ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TG Mechanical engineering and materials
    Language: English
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  • 9
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: This Special Issue was intended as a forum to advance research and apply machine-learning and data-mining methods to facilitate the development of modern electric power systems, grids and devices, and smart grids and protection devices, as well as to develop tools for more accurate and efficient power system analysis. Conventional signal processing is no longer adequate to extract all the relevant information from distorted signals through filtering, estimation, and detection to facilitate decision-making and control actions. Machine learning algorithms, optimization techniques and efficient numerical algorithms, distributed signal processing, machine learning, data-mining statistical signal detection, and estimation may help to solve contemporary challenges in modern power systems. The increased use of digital information and control technology can improve the grid’s reliability, security, and efficiency; the dynamic optimization of grid operations; demand response; the incorporation of demand-side resources and integration of energy-efficient resources; distribution automation; and the integration of smart appliances and consumer devices. Signal processing offers the tools needed to convert measurement data to information, and to transform information into actionable intelligence. This Special Issue includes fifteen articles, authored by international research teams from several countries.
    Keywords: virtual power plant (VPP) ; power quality (PQ) ; global index ; distributed energy resources (DER) ; energy storage systems (ESS) ; power systems ; long-term assessment ; battery energy storage systems (BESS) ; smart grids ; conducted disturbances ; power quality ; supraharmonics ; 2–150 kHz ; Power Line Communications (PLC) ; intentional emission ; non-intentional emission ; mains signalling ; virtual power plant ; data mining ; clustering ; distributed energy resources ; energy storage systems ; short term conditions ; cluster analysis (CA) ; nonlinear loads ; harmonics, cancellation, and attenuation of harmonics ; waveform distortion ; THDi ; low-voltage networks ; optimization techniques ; different batteries ; off-grid microgrid ; integrated renewable energy system ; cluster analysis ; K-means ; agglomerative ; ANFIS ; fuzzy logic ; induction generator ; MPPT ; neural network ; renewable energy ; variable speed WECS ; wind energy conversion system ; wind energy ; frequency estimation ; spectrum interpolation ; power network disturbances ; COVID-19 ; time-varying reproduction number ; social distancing ; load profile ; demographic characteristic ; household energy consumption ; demand-side management ; energy management ; time series ; Hidden Markov Model ; short-term forecast ; sparse signal decomposition ; supervised dictionary learning ; dictionary impulsion ; singular value decomposition ; discrete cosine transform ; discrete Haar transform ; discrete wavelet transform ; transient stability assessment ; home energy management ; binary-coded genetic algorithms ; optimal power scheduling ; demand response ; Data Injection Attack ; machine learning ; critical infrastructure ; smart grid ; water treatment plant ; power system ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology ; thema EDItEUR::K Economics, Finance, Business and Management::KN Industry and industrial studies::KNB Energy industries and utilities
    Language: English
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  • 10
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: This book is motivated by our passion to compile recent research on antimicrobial surfaces. We aimed to assemble research papers on the preparation of new materials, antimicrobial testing using different pathogens (bacteria, fungi, and viruses), and the relationship between the coating nanostructure and its reactivity towards the studied pathogen(s). We believe that a good antimicrobial coating should by characterized by (i) a fast activity towards the pathogen, (ii) sustainable activity based on the stability of the coating, and (iii) the lowest possible toxicity for humans and reduced risks for the environment. Striking a compromise between these different challenges is difficult and requires more research.
    Keywords: active packaging ; chitosan ; methylcellulose ; natamycin ; antimicrobial action ; quaternary ammonium groups ; acrylic acid ; glycidyl methacrylate ; crosslinking reaction ; coating ; edible films ; edible coatings ; antimicrobial agents ; fresh fish ; spoilage ; shelf-life ; black anther disease ; orchid cut flower ; silver nanoparticles ; antifouling efficacy ; flow-through ; triangular box ; Amphibalanus amphitrite ; cuprous oxide ; dynamic aging ; repellant activity ; raft experiment ; bioassay ; biofouling of ships’ hull ; polypropylene ; hernia meshes ; antibacterial ; drug release ; polydopamine ; antimicrobial ; citric acid ; cross-linked ; cold plasma ; antimicrobial activity ; brilliant green ; crystal violet ; demethylation ; lignin ; polyurethane coatings ; triphenylmethane dyes ; 3D printing ; catheters ; dialysis ; extrusion ; infections ; manufacturing ; infection ; coatings ; silver ; nanomaterials ; plasma deposition ; titanium-based thin films ; copper ; magnetron sputtering ; super-elastic coatings ; E. coli inactivation ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues
    Language: English
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