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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 40 (1997), S. 599-619 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: finite elements ; contact compliance ; orthotropic friction law ; Engineering ; Numerical Methods and Modeling
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: The present study deals with the solution of the fully three-dimensional contact/friction problem taking into account microstructural characteristics of the surfaces. An incremental non-associated hardening friction law model analogous to the classical theory of plasticity is used. Two different non-linear friction functions in the orthogonal directions are used to account for the orthotropic properties of the contacting bodies. A frontal solver processing unsymmetric matrices is adopted. Two numerical examples have been selected to show applicability of the method proposed. © 1997 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 40 (1997), S. 759-772 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: differential quadrature element method ; frame structures ; static analysis ; differential quadrature ; Engineering ; Numerical Methods and Modeling
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: In this paper a new version of Differential Quadrature Method (DQM) is proposed and then extended to analyse frame structures. The new method, called the Differential Quadrature Element Method (DQEM), retains all advantages of the earlier version of the differential quadrature method and overcomes some critical shortcomings existing in the original DQM. The proposed method is, however, different from the Quadrature Element Method (QEM) proposed earlier by Striz et al. The methodology is explained in details herein via a differential quadrature beam element and some numerical examples are given to show the efficiency of the present method. © 1997 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 40 (1997), S. 797-815 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: meshless ; boundary node method ; element-free Galerkin method ; Engineering ; Numerical Methods and Modeling
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: The Element-Free Galerkin (EFG) method allows one to use a nodal data structure (usually with an underlying cell structure) within the domain of a body of arbitrary shape. The usual EFG combines Moving Least-Squares (MLS) interpolants with a variational principle (weak form) and has been used to solve two-dimensional (2-D) boundary value problems in mechanics such as in potential theory, elasticity and fracture. This paper proposes a combination of MLS interpolants with Boundary Integral Equations (BIE) in order to retain both the meshless attribute of the former and the dimensionality advantage of the latter! This new method, called the Boundary Node Method (BNM), only requires a nodal data structure on the bounding surface of a body whose dimension is one less than that of the domain itself. An underlying cell structure is again used for numerical integration. In principle, the BNM, for 3-D problems, should be extremely powerful since one would only need to put nodes (points) on the surface of a solid model for an object.Numerical results are presented in this paper for the solution of Laplace's equation in 2-D. Dirichlet, Neumann and mixed problems have been solved, some on bodies with piecewise straight and others with curved boundaries. Results from these numerical examples are extremely encouraging. © 1997 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 40 (1997), S. 833-861 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: mode interaction ; most dangerous imperfection ; FEM analysis ; elastic buckling ; Engineering ; Numerical Methods and Modeling
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: This paper summarizes a part of the first author's Ph.D. Thesis completely devoted to multimode elastic buckling within an FEM strategy. The theoretical arguments unfold among critical points on radial paths (the unique post-critical paths variationally defined), algebraic characterizations, proposition demonstrations and so on, by aiming to prove that the complexity of the phenomenon of multimode buckling (secondary bifurcations, post-critical attractive paths) can be theoretically explained. © 1997 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 40 (1997), S. 1115-1137 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: non-linear ; dynamic ; open ; cylindrical ; shell ; orthotropic ; Engineering ; Numerical Methods and Modeling
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: This paper presents a general approach to predict the influence of geometric non-linearities on the free vibration of elastic, thin, orthotropic and non-uniform open cylindrical shells. The open shells are assumed to be freely simply supported along their curved edges and to have arbitrary straight edge boundary conditions. The method is a hybrid of finite element and classical thin shell theories. The solution is divided into two parts. In part one, the displacement functions are obtained from Sanders' linear shell theory and the mass and linear stiffness matrices are obtained by the finite element procedure. In part two, the modal coefficients derived from the Sanders-Koiter non-linear theory of thin shells are obtained for these displacement functions. Expressions for the second- and third-order non-linear stiffness matrices are then determined through the finite element method. The non-linear equation of motion is solved by the fourth-order Runge-Kutta numerical method. The linear and non-linear natural frequency variations are determined as a function of shell amplitudes for different cases. The results obtained reveal that the frequencies calculated by this method are in good agreement with those obtained by other authors. © 1997 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 40 (1997), S. 1165-1179 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: torsion ; composite shafts ; CVBEM ; Engineering ; Numerical Methods and Modeling
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: The problem of torsion of composite shafts consisting of a cylindrical matrix surrounding a finite number of inclusions is solved by using the complex variable boundary element method. The method consists in reducing the problem to the solution of a singular integral equation in terms of an analytic function of a complex variable using the Cauchy integral. The resulting integral equation is then solved numerically by discretizing the boundaries into segments called complex boundary elements and replacing the analytic function on the boundaries by interpolating function. Numerical examples are given for a square shaft with a circular inclusion, and for an elliptic shaft with two elliptic inclusions. © 1997 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 40 (1997), S. 1197-1212 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: laminates ; laminate theories ; superposition ; generalized co-ordinates ; recursive equations ; global-local ; Engineering ; Numerical Methods and Modeling
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: There was a tremendous advantage of using the generalized co-ordinate system to express various types of laminate theories. With two layer-dependent terms of both the zeroth- and the first-order of thickness co-ordinate, a generalized zigzag theory was presented in a previous study. Due to its success in laminate analysis, the feasibility of assigning the two high-order terms, i.e. the second- and the third-order terms, of the generalized zigzag theory as layer-dependent variables was of primary interest. It was found that a so-called global-local superposition technique could be used for expressing the laminate theories in an explicit manner, namely recursive equations, to retain the advantage of numerical efficiency. Based on the superposition technique, the fundamental roles of the individual terms are identified. It is concluded that not only the completeness of the terms, but also the inclusion of as many terms as possible, is important to a laminate theory. It then is the goal of this study to look into a laminate theory which can satisfy the requirement of completeness and include all the first-, second- and third-order terms in an assumed displacement field. A special technique, namely hypothesis for double superposition, is presented to achieve the goal. The feasibility of the hypothesis is demonstrated in this study. Although not verified mathematically, the hypothesis seems to be capable of giving accurate and efficient laminate theories. © 1997 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 40 (1997), S. 1231-1261 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: float zone ; crystal growth ; solidification ; moving boundary ; thermocapillary transport ; Engineering ; Numerical Methods and Modeling
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A computational capability has been developed to predict the free surface shape, heat transfer and melt-crystal interface shapes in float-zone processing. A moving boundary, second order, finite volume, incompressible Navier-Stokes solver has been developed for the fluid flow and heat transfer calculations. The salient features of the approach include solving the dynamic form of the Young-Laplace equation for the free surface shape, dynamic remeshing to fit the free boundary, a flexible, multi-block, grid generation procedure and the enthalpy method to capture the melt-crystal and the melt-feed interfaces without the need for explicit interface tracking. Important convective heat transfer modes; natural convection and thermocapillary convection have been computed. It is shown that, whereas the overall heat transfer is not substantially affected by convection, the melt-crystal interface shape acquires significant distortion due to the redistribution of the temperature field by the thermocapillary and buoyancy-induced convective mechanisms. It is also demonstrated that the interaction of natural and thermocapillary convection can reduce the melt-crystal interface distortion if they act in opposing directions. It is found that the meniscus deformation can cause the height of the zone to increase but the qualitative nature of the melt-solid interface shapes are not significantly affected. Results are compared with literature to validate the predictive capability developed in this work. © 1997 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 40 (1997), S. 1323-1334 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: genetic algorithm ; improvements ; structures ; Engineering ; Numerical Methods and Modeling
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: The efficiency of Simple Genetic Algorithm (SGA) can be improved by some strategies. They are elitest strategy, multi-point crossover, identification of passive design variables, gradual increase of penalty parameter, and bit-wise local search. Topology optimization using GA is also discussed in this paper and examples are given. Five numerical examples show the efficiency and the optimum solutions of GA are greatly improved by these strategies. © 1997 John Wiley & sons, Ltd.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 40 (1997), S. 1281-1293 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: boundary integral method ; ordinary least squares ; complex variables ; Engineering ; Numerical Methods and Modeling
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: Cauchy's theorem is used to generate a Complex Variable Boundary Element Method (CVBEM) formulation for steady, two-dimensional potential problems. CVBEM uses the complex potential, w=φ+iψ, to combine the potential function, φ, with the stream function, ψ. The CVBEM formulation, using Cauchy's theorem, is shown to be mathematically equivalent to Real Variable BEM which employs Green's second identity and the respective fundamental solution. CVBEM yields an overdetermined system of equations that are commonly solved using implicit and explicit methods that reduce the overdetermined matrix to a square matrix by selectively excluding equations. Alternatively, Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) can be used to minimize the Euclidean norm square of the residual vector that arises due to the approximation of boundary potentials and geometries. OLS uses all equations to form a square matrix that is symmetric, positive definite and diagonally dominant. OLS is more accurate than existing methods and can estimate the approximation error at boundary nodes. The approximation error can be used to determine the adequacy of boundary discretization schemes. CVBEM/OLS provides greater flexibility for boundary conditions by allowing simultaneous specification of both fluid potentials and stream functions, or their derivatives, along boundary elements. © 1997 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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