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  • Engineering  (12,632)
  • Physics
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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: Physics
    Keywords: Physics ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics
    Language: French
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  • 2
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    EDP SCIENCES
    Publication Date: 2024-04-06
    Description: Mathematics;Physics
    Keywords: Mathematics ; Physics ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PB Mathematics
    Language: French
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  • 3
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    Emerald Publishing | ICE Publishing
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: The ebook edition of this title is Open Access and freely available to read online. Specification for Tunnelling, Fourth edition is a standard industry document for tunnelling contracts and forms the basis of tunnelling specifications for projects throughout the world. It reflects current industry best practice and considers technological advancements over the last ten years. It also investigates a range of new topics. Since the publication of the third edition in 2010, the British tunnelling industry has completed several major projects both domestic and abroad. This updated fourth edition captures the many advances made in the field of tunnelling and the lessons learned on these projects through a comprehensive review of all content by subject matter experts. The importance of sustainability and the increased market share of low CO2e materials have been reflected by removal of prescriptive requirements and a strong emphasis on performance-based specification. All references to codes, standards and other design documents have been comprehensively updated. Drafted by an expert editorial committee and supported by multiple rounds of industry-wide peer reviews, the Specification for Tunnelling in its fourth edition will continue to be the de facto standard reference work for tunnelling in the UK and worldwide.
    Keywords: Engineering ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TN Civil engineering, surveying and building ; thema EDItEUR::L Law::LN Laws of specific jurisdictions and specific areas of law::LNC Company, commercial and competition law: general::LNCQ Construction and engineering law ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TN Civil engineering, surveying and building::TNK Building construction and materials ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TN Civil engineering, surveying and building ; thema EDItEUR::L Law::LN Laws of specific jurisdictions and specific areas of law::LNC Company, commercial and competition law: general::LNCQ Construction and engineering law ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TN Civil engineering, surveying and building::TNK Building construction and materials
    Language: English
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: Physics
    Keywords: Physics ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics
    Language: French
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  • 5
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    EDP SCIENCES
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: Physics
    Keywords: Physics ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics
    Language: French
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  • 6
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    EDP SCIENCES
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: Physics
    Keywords: Physics ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics
    Language: French
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  • 7
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    EDP SCIENCES
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: Physics
    Keywords: Physics ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics
    Language: French
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: Physics
    Keywords: Physics ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics
    Language: French
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  • 9
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: The 3rd International Conference on Advances in Mechanical Engineering 2023 (ICAME-23) was organized on 24th August 2023 by the Department of Mechanical Engineering, Capital University of Science and Technology (CUST). All the articles are single-blindfold reviewed. The acceptance rate of the conference was 65%. ICAME is held annually and welcame high-quality theoretical and empirical original research papers, case studies, and review papers from researchers, academicians, professionals, practitioners, and students worldwide. ICAME-23 accepted research papers in the discipline of: Experimental and Computational Fluid Dynamics; Thermodynamics and heat transfer analysis; Machine and Mechanisms; Design and Solid Mechanics; Manufacturing, Production and Industrial Engineering; Engineering and Technology Management; Renewable Energy and Environmental Engineering; Bioengineering; Materials and Failure Analysis; Other Related Fields. The ICAME-23 conference provided a platform for the national and international speakers/participants to present their state-of-the-art research work to diverse audiences from academia and industry. The conference proceedings are published in the Engineering Proceeding of MDPI, Switzerland. All the articles are individually indexed and are citable via Digital Object Identification (DOI).
    Keywords: Engineering ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TG Mechanical engineering and materials
    Language: English
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  • 10
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    EDP SCIENCES
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: Physics
    Keywords: Physics ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics
    Language: French
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  • 11
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    EDP SCIENCES
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: Physics
    Keywords: Physics ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics
    Language: French
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  • 12
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    EDP SCIENCES
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: Physics
    Keywords: Physics ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics
    Language: French
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  • 13
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    Taylor & Francis | Routledge
    Publication Date: 2024-04-07
    Description: This book provides useful insight into how academics from diverse disciplinary backgrounds, such as science, engineering, technology, social science, policy, design, architecture, built environment, business, and management, have been conducting research into how to realise net zero emissions to address climate change. This book explores the ways in which countries around the world have pledged to achieve net zero emissions through decarbonisation processes. It presents the highest calibre research and impact activities carried out in the UK, Europe, North America, Australia, Asia, and Africa. Such activities include conceptualisation, opportunity identification, specific case studies, demonstration of proof of concepts, provision of evidence, education of the general public, and knowledge transfer to companies. Further to this, the chapters also bring to light personal career journeys to net zero by current and future international research leaders. From this book, readers will gain a full understanding of net zero research via multiple disciplinary pathways, be inspired by personal accounts, and will learn key methodologies, including quantitative and qualitative approaches. The diversity of authors and topics make the book widely applicable to a range of fields, and it will be of great interest to researchers, students, practitioners, and decision makers working towards the goals of net zero and decarbonisation.
    Keywords: Net Zero ; Net Zero emissions ; Decarbonisation ; Climate change ; Interdisciplinary education ; Carbon neutral ; 2050 ; Sustainability ; Sustainable consumption ; Sustainability transitions ; Sustainable fashion ; Engineering ; thema EDItEUR::A The Arts::AB The arts: general topics ; thema EDItEUR::A The Arts::AK Design, Industrial and commercial arts, illustration::AKP Product design ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TH Energy technology and engineering::THV Alternative and renewable energy sources and technology ; thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RN The environment::RNP Pollution and threats to the environment::RNPG Climate change ; thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RP Regional and area planning::RPC Urban and municipal planning and policy ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GT Interdisciplinary studies::GTP Development studies ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TQ Environmental science, engineering and technology ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBC Engineering: general ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBD Technical design::TBDG Ergonomics ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics::PHD Classical mechanics::PHDY Energy ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JB Society and culture: general::JBS Social groups, communities and identities::JBSD Urban communities ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TD Industrial chemistry and manufacturing technologies::TDP Other manufacturing technologies
    Language: English
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  • 14
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    TU Delft OPEN Publishing
    Publication Date: 2024-03-23
    Description: The Cross Domain City of the Future Graduation Lab, situated in the Faculty of Architecture and the Built Environment at TU Delft, has been a pioneer in experimenting with a multidisciplinary approach to education on the built environment. Drawing upon this expertise over the past years, this book reflects on multidisciplinarity in the built environment and its implementation in education on the built environment. How should one approach multidisciplinarity in education and practice? What encompasses its core elements, benefits, and challenges? By addressing these questions, the book aims to inform students and practitioners within the realm of the built environment by sharing insights from experiences in multidisciplinary education. It presents eight conclusions regarding the future of multidisciplinary education and, thereby, seeks to contribute to a more humane and sustainable future for cities: 1.Process is central to multidisciplinary collaboration. Negotiating positions, ensuring an environment of respect, balance and open-mindedness, and setting a common vocabulary. 2.Multidisciplinarity can be a way to foster innovation. It triggers complementarity and confrontation. As with any innovation, there is potential for greater outcomes, but, at the same time, extra risks emerge. These need to be managed. 3.Multidisciplinarity could be better integrated into organisational structures. 4.Disciplinarity and multidisciplinarity are in mutual coexistence. They are inseparable. They can complement and contradict each other. 5.Problem precedes solution, not the opposite. Framing the problem, or ‘problematizing’, is a considerable share of the actual solution. This is particularly applicable to multidisciplinarity. 6.Multidisciplinarity is by nature composed of fluid boundaries. Navigating through an enormous diversity of perspectives requires agility, flexibility, independence, spirit of adventure and embracing uncertainty. 7.Professionals should be trained as ‘T-shape’: grounded in their field while able to dialogue with other fields. 8.Both generalists and specialists are needed. Education should provide opportunities for both.
    Keywords: City ; Future ; Multidisciplinarity ; Design ; Education ; Engineering ; Graduation Lab ; Built Environment ; Architecture ; Urban Design ; Management ; Geomatics ; Transport ; Infrastructure ; Logistics ; Collaboration ; thema EDItEUR::A The Arts::AM Architecture
    Language: English
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  • 15
    Publication Date: 2023-10-05
    Description: This report documents key technological innovations in the energy sector; identifies best practices of educational and training programs that have successfully responded to evolving labor markets in other sectors; analyzes four case-study energy-sector education and training programs in southwestern Pennsylvania; and provides recommendations for the energy-sector education and training system in the region.
    Keywords: Physics ; History ; Education ; Business ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KJ Business & management::KJM Management & management techniques::KJMV Management of specific areas::KJMV2 Personnel & human resources management ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JN Education::JNM Higher & further education, tertiary education ; bic Book Industry Communication::H Humanities::HB History::HBJ Regional & national history::HBJK History of the Americas ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics::PHD Classical mechanics::PHDY Energy
    Language: English
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  • 16
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    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Laser materials processing has made tremendous progress and is now at the forefront of medical and industrial applications. The book describes recent advances in terahertz and ultrafast laser applications. Chapter address such topics as terahertz quantum cascade lasers, femtosecond lasers in ophthalmology, laser surface texturing, and laser ablation.
    Keywords: Physics ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics::PHJ Optical physics::PHJL Laser physics
    Language: English
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  • 17
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    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Worldwide interest in nuclear reactors continues to increase and significant focus has been placed on advanced nuclear reactors intended to produce electricity and process heat. However, there is limited literature on the importance of research reactors and certain specialized reactor analysis topics. Thus, this book addresses these topics over three sections: “Nuclear Reactors for Spacecraft Propulsion”, “Research Reactors”, and “Select Reactor Analysis Techniques”. It provides detailed information on the use of nuclear reactors for spacecraft propulsion, presents research conducted on reactors in Idaho, USA, and discusses reactor analysis topics such as cyber-informed engineering for nuclear reactor digital instrumentation and control, the effect of plenum gas on fuel temperature, and more.
    Keywords: Physics ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics::PHN Nuclear physics
    Language: English
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  • 18
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    Amsterdam University Press
    Publication Date: 2024-03-23
    Description: Techne;/Technology offers a penetrating, close look at the origins of the term techne;, which unleashed a revolution in cinema and media studies when it was first introduced and which continues to influence the study of film as the digital revolution rolls along. The contributors investigate the effects of technologies on major film debates and, moreover, how technologies have affected film theory and its key concepts.
    Keywords: Film Studies ; Communication Studies ; Engineering ; thema EDItEUR::A The Arts::AT Performing arts::ATF Films, cinema ; thema EDItEUR::A The Arts::AT Performing arts::ATJ Television ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JB Society and culture: general::JBC Cultural and media studies::JBCT Media studies ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues
    Language: English
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  • 19
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    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Due to their very low volatility, high thermal stability, and ability to dissolve a wide variety of compounds, ionic liquids appear to meet the rigorous criteria for industrial applications. Among other uses, ionic liquids appear to be efficient for gas capture, biomass pretreatment, separation problems, and electrochemistry. They are also used in electrolytes, as lubricants, catalysts, or as antistatic agents. This book discusses the various uses of ionic liquids. Chapters discuss such topics as the use of ionic liquids in batteries, new mono, di, and trimeric imidazolium and pyridinium ionic liquids as catalysts in organic chemistry, the physico-chemical properties of ionic liquid-substituted double-network gels for industrial applications, the use of paramagnetic ionic liquids in magnetic resonance imaging, the compatibility of filter materials used with ionic liquids, and the development of low-friction ion gels for industrial applications.
    Keywords: Physics ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics::PHF Materials / States of matter::PHFC Condensed matter physics (liquid state and solid state physics)
    Language: English
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  • 20
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: Most environmental analyses focus on changing existing processes to use less energy and produce fewer emissions. This report uses energy service analysis (ESA) to examine possibilities for instead changing how a service is delivered. The ESA framework is used to analyze how changes in the provision of two services—news delivery and personal mobility—might reduce greenhouse-gas emissions and suggests other areas in which ESA could be applied.
    Keywords: Political Science ; Physics ; Technology ; Transportation Studies ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics::PHD Classical mechanics::PHDY Energy ; bic Book Industry Communication::R Earth sciences, geography, environment, planning::RB Earth sciences::RBP Meteorology & climatology ; bic Book Industry Communication::W Lifestyle, sport & leisure::WG Transport: general interest::WGC Road & motor vehicles: general interest::WGCF Buses, trams & commercial vehicles: general interest ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics::PHD Classical mechanics::PHDY Energy ; thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RB Earth sciences::RBP Meteorology and climatology ; thema EDItEUR::W Lifestyle, Hobbies and Leisure::WG Transport: general interest::WGC Road and motor vehicles: general interest::WGCF Buses, trams and commercial vehicles: general interest
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  • 21
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    Boydell & Brewer | James Currey an imprint of Boydell & Brewer
    Publication Date: 2024-03-29
    Description: No country has managed to develop beyond a subsistence economy without ensuring at least minimum access to electricity for the majority of its population. Yet many sub-Saharan African countries struggle to meet demand. Why is this, and what can be done to reduce energy poverty and further Africa's development? Examining the politics and processes surrounding electricity infrastructure, provision and reform, the author provides an overview of historical andcontemporary debates about access in the sub-continent, and explores the shifting role and influence of national governments and of multilateral agencies in energy reform decisions. He describes a challenging political environment for electricity supply, with African governments becoming increasingly frustrated with the rules and the processes of multilateral donors. Civil society also began to question reform choices, and governments in turn looked to new development partners, such as China, to chart a fresh path of energy transformation. Drawing on over fifteen years of research on Uganda, which has one of the lowest levels of access to electricity in Africa and has struggled to construct several, large hydroelectric dams on the Nile, Gore argues that there is a critical need to recognize how the changing political and social context in African countries, and globally, has affected the capacity to fulfil national energy goals, minimize energy poverty and transform economies.
    Keywords: Political Science ; African Studies ; Engineering ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JP Politics & government ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TH Energy technology & engineering::THR Electrical engineering::THRB Power generation & distribution ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TH Energy technology and engineering::THY Energy, power generation, distribution and storage
    Language: English
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  • 22
    Publication Date: 2024-03-29
    Description: This report describes an approach for planning under deep uncertainty, Robust Decision Making (RDM), and demonstrates its use by the El Dorado Irrigation District (EID). Using RDM, the authors and EID tested the robustness of current long-term water management plans and more robust alternatives across more than 50 futures reflecting different assumptions about future climate, urban growth, and the availability of important new supplies.
    Keywords: Political Science ; Physics ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government::JPV Political control and freedoms ; thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RN The environment::RND Environmental policy and protocols ; thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RB Earth sciences::RBP Meteorology and climatology
    Language: English
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  • 23
    Publication Date: 2024-03-30
    Description: Communities, companies, and governments at all levels in the United States are making decisions that will influence where, what and how infrastructure will be built. This report describes insights about exposures from natural hazards now and in the future, as well as gaps in data that, if filled, could improve the nation’s ability to assess infrastructure risk and improve infrastructure resilience.
    Keywords: Business ; Physics ; Population Studies ; thema EDItEUR::K Economics, Finance, Business and Management::KC Economics::KCS Economic systems and structures ; thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RB Earth sciences::RBP Meteorology and climatology ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JH Sociology and anthropology::JHB Sociology::JHBD Population and demography
    Language: English
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  • 24
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    CLACSO
    Publication Date: 2024-04-14
    Description: Description not available.
    Keywords: Technology ; Engineering ; Political Science ; thema EDItEUR::U Computing and Information Technology::UB Information technology: general topics::UBW Internet: general works ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TJ Electronics and communications engineering::TJF Electronics engineering ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government::JPH Political structure and processes::JPHV Political structures: democracy
    Language: Spanish
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  • 25
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    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: This book provides well-balanced coverage of computational fluid dynamics analysis for thermal and flow characteristics of various thermal and flow systems. It presents the latest research work to provide insight into modern thermal engineering applications. It also discusses enhanced heat transfer and flow characteristics.
    Keywords: Physics ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics::PHD Classical mechanics::PHDF Fluid mechanics ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics::PHD Classical mechanics::PHDF Physics: Fluid mechanics
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  • 26
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Este libro indaga desde múltiples preguntas y perspectivas las transformaciones provocadas por el incremento descomunal del flujo de información generada por el uso masivo e intensivo de las tecnologías digitales. El estudio de las apropiaciones por parte de la sociedad configura un mosaico desigual y combinado de usos y empleos de las tecnologías digitales. ¿Cómo han impactado en los grupos sociales, económicos y generacionales los usos de las tecnologías? ¿Que desafíos entrañan y que problemas nuevos generan las herramientas cotidianas a través de las cuales conocemos y nos comunicamos con nuestro entorno y el mundo?
    Keywords: Engineering ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TJ Electronics and communications engineering::TJF Electronics engineering
    Language: Spanish
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  • 27
    Publication Date: 2023-10-05
    Description: Nigeria is an important oil producer, but security shortfalls impede oil production and new investment. Important new finds of oil and natural gas have been reported in the territorial waters of Nigeria and nearby nations. Making the offshore petroleum infrastructure more secure would promote additional oil field investment, leading to greater production. The U.S. Air Force has expertise that could help build local security capabilities.
    Keywords: Political Science ; Business ; Physics ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KN Industry & industrial studies::KNB Energy industries & utilities ; bic Book Industry Communication::L Law::LB International law::LBB Public international law::LBBC Treaties & other sources of international law ; bic Book Industry Communication::R Earth sciences, geography, environment, planning::RN The environment::RND Environmental policy & protocols ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics::PHD Classical mechanics::PHDY Energy
    Language: English
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  • 28
    Publication Date: 2023-10-05
    Description: RAND researchers and collaborators present a comprehensive approach for water utilities to assess climate risks to their systems and evaluate adaptation strategies. The approach, based on Robust Decision Making, is demonstrated through pilot studies with two water utilities: Colorado Springs Utilities and New York City Department of Environmental Protection.
    Keywords: Political Science ; Physics ; Technology ; bic Book Industry Communication::R Earth sciences, geography, environment, planning::RN The environment::RND Environmental policy & protocols ; bic Book Industry Communication::R Earth sciences, geography, environment, planning::RB Earth sciences::RBP Meteorology & climatology ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TQ Environmental science, engineering & technology::TQS Sanitary & municipal engineering::TQSW Water supply & treatment
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  • 29
    Publication Date: 2023-10-05
    Description: Space is now a congested, contested, and competitive environment. Space systems must become more resilient to potential adversary actions and system failures, but changes to space systems are costly. To reduce costs, the Air Force asked RAND to identify non-materiel means—doctrine, organization, training, leadership and education, personnel, facilities, and policy—to enhance space resilience over the near and far terms.
    Keywords: Physics ; Business ; History ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KJ Business & management::KJM Management & management techniques::KJMV Management of specific areas::KJMV2 Personnel & human resources management ; bic Book Industry Communication::H Humanities::HB History::HBW Military history ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JW Warfare & defence::JWG Air forces & warfare ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics::PHV Applied physics::PHVB Astrophysics
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  • 30
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    University of Wales Press | University of Wales Press
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Body Matters approaches the material world directly; it seeks to remind people that they are the matter of their bodies. This volume offers an assortment of contributions from anthropology, archaeology and medieval studies, with case studies from northern Europe, the Near East, East Africa and Amazonia, which variously draw attention to the multiple shifting materials that comprise, impact upon and co-create human bodies. This lively collection foregrounds myriad material influences interacting with and shaping the human body; the chapters come together to illustrate the fundamental fleshy, bony, suppurating, leaky and oozing physicality of being human. Ultimately, by reminding readers of their indisputable materiality, Body Matters seeks to draw people and the rest of the material world together to illustrate that bodies not only seep into (and are part of) the landscape, but equally that people and the material world are inextricably co-constitutive.
    Keywords: Science ; Physics ; Condensed Matter ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics::PHF Materials / States of matter::PHFC Condensed matter physics (liquid state and solid state physics)
    Language: English
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  • 31
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    University of Minnesota Press
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: An investigation of how-to guides for sensor technologies Sensors are increasingly common within citizen-sensing and DIY projects, but these devices often require the use of a how-to guide. From online instructional videos for troubleshooting sensor installations to handbooks for using and abusing the Internet of Things, the how-to genres and formats of digital instruction continue to expand and develop. As the how-to proliferates, and instructions unfold through multiple aspects of technoscientific practices, Jennifer Gabrys asks why the how-to has become one of the prevailing genres of the digital. How to Do Things with Sensors explores the ways in which things are made do-able with and through sensors and further considers how worlds are made sense-able and actionable through the instructional mode of citizen-sensing projects. Forerunners: Ideas First Short books of thought-in-process scholarship, where intense analysis, questioning, and speculation take the lead
    Keywords: Science & Technology Studies ; General Science ; Engineering ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PD Science: general issues::PDR Impact of science and technology on society ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PD Science: general issues::PDA Philosophy of science ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TJ Electronics and communications engineering
    Language: English
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  • 32
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    Archaeopress Publishing Ltd
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: Non-Intrusive Methodologies for Large Area Urban Research brings together contributions from a conference held in 2021 in association with the ERC-funded ‘Rome Transformed’ research project. The papers address a major challenge in archaeology. Non-intrusive research in pursuit of a deeper understanding of urban areas can be both richly informative and cost-effective. Multiple successes in the field have led to an impressive array of innovative methodologies, methodologies that are frequently combined for still greater insight and impact. Geophysical surveys, the use of UAVs, the study of exposed historic structures and the exhaustive examination of archival records can all play a vital role, and the development of these data capture methodologies is of the utmost importance for the future of research. As well as advances in data capture methodologies, however, the papers also present case studies in the management of the big data generated and in the integration of different methodologies. A further strength of this collection lies in the range of site types considered. While many projects have historically pursued non-intrusive research in areas relatively clear of modern buildings, a growing number of research initiatives, such as ‘Rome Transformed’ are seeking to advance them in areas which remain densely occupied. Accordingly the material presented here will also be of interest to non-archaeologists working in such diverse fields as civil engineering, urban planning and physical geography.
    Keywords: Social Science ; Archaeology ; Science ; Physics ; Geophysics ; Computers ; Data Science ; Data Analytics ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NK Archaeology ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics::PHV Applied physics::PHVG Geophysics ; thema EDItEUR::U Computing and Information Technology::UN Databases::UNF Data mining
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  • 33
    Publication Date: 2024-04-02
    Description: The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and its partners develop implementation plans to meet water quality standards. Climate change and other key drivers may significantly affect these plans, but are often neglected due to uncertainty. This study uses two case studies to demonstrate how Robust Decision Making (RDM) can help to address future uncertainty by identifying vulnerabilities in water quality plans and suggesting appropriate responses.
    Keywords: Political Science ; History ; Mathematics ; Physics ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHK History of the Americas ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PB Mathematics::PBK Calculus and mathematical analysis::PBKD Complex analysis, complex variables ; thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RN The environment::RND Environmental policy and protocols ; thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RB Earth sciences::RBP Meteorology and climatology
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  • 34
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: The E-Vision 2002 Conference, held in May 2002, was sponsored by the U.S. Department of Energy as a step toward implementing a key recommendation of the Bush administration's National Energy Policy. It gathered 150 of the nation's leading energy experts to discuss ways of reducing the country's energy intensity. This volume and the additional volume enclosed on CD-ROM contain the presentations and discussions that took place at the conference, including the identification of goals and the means to achieve them. It is a key work for those involved in implementing the National Energy Policy.
    Keywords: Physics ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics::PHD Classical mechanics::PHDY Energy ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics::PHD Classical mechanics::PHDY Energy
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  • 35
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: The Global Methane Initiative (GMI) is a voluntary international partnership that promotes methane recovery and reuse activities in developing and transition economies. The U.S. Department of State requested an evaluation of the activities and outcomes supported in whole or in part by its contributions to GMI to gauge its value added to the program.
    Keywords: Physics ; Environmental Science ; Chemistry ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TQ Environmental science, engineering and technology ; thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RB Earth sciences::RBP Meteorology and climatology
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  • 36
    Publication Date: 2023-10-05
    Description: The 2012 Colorado River Basin Study evaluated the resiliency of the Colorado River system over the next 50 years to climate change and other factors, and then compared different options and strategies for ensuring successful management of the river’s resources. This report describes RAND’s contribution to this study. It focuses on the Robust Decision Making methodologies used to identify vulnerabilities and compare portfolios of options.
    Keywords: Physics ; Political Science ; Technology ; bic Book Industry Communication::R Earth sciences, geography, environment, planning::RN The environment::RND Environmental policy & protocols ; bic Book Industry Communication::R Earth sciences, geography, environment, planning::RB Earth sciences::RBP Meteorology & climatology ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TQ Environmental science, engineering & technology::TQS Sanitary & municipal engineering::TQSW Water supply & treatment
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  • 37
    Publication Date: 2024-03-30
    Description: Air pollution has been one of the most pernicious consequences of China’s last three decades of economic transformation and growth. This report estimates the costs of three measures to reduce air pollution in China: replacing coal with natural gas for residential and commercial heating, replacing half of China's coal-fired electric power generation with renewables or nuclear power, and scrapping highly polluting vehicles.
    Keywords: History ; Political Science ; Business ; Physics ; thema EDItEUR::K Economics, Finance, Business and Management::KN Industry and industrial studies::KNB Energy industries and utilities ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHF Asian history ; thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RN The environment::RND Environmental policy and protocols ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics::PHD Classical mechanics::PHDY Energy
    Language: English
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Artificial intelligence is a term that refers to the ability to provide machines with human intelligence. In medicine it is becoming widely used. It finds application especially in the diagnostic and tumor fields. It is not yet able to replace the human brain, but several studies show how its support can be useful in making diagnoses and providing prognoses. This reprint addresses various satellite topics of this discipline, giving practical examples in various clinical fields. In addition, it highlights the strengths of this tool and proposes methods to improve its weaknesses by addressing issues such as increasing data sets and selecting the right features. It also addresses other innovative aspects that together with artificial intelligence can lead to improvements in surgery.
    Keywords: Artificial Intelligence ; Automatic ; Diagnostics ; Engineering ; Imaging ; Machine Learning ; Deep Learning ; Features ; Biomedics ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
    Language: English
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    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Next-generation energy sources are crucial for combating the world’s energy crisis. One such alternative energy source is thermoelectricity, which is cost-efficient and environmentally friendly. This book presents a comprehensive overview of the progress made in thermoelectrics over the past few years with a focus on charge and heat carrier transport from both theoretical and experimental viewpoints. It also presents new strategies to improve thermoelectricity and discusses device physics and applications to guide the research community.
    Keywords: Physics ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics::PHF Materials / States of matter::PHFC Condensed matter physics (liquid state and solid state physics)
    Language: English
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    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: The exotic electromagnetic properties of liquid crystals can be harnessed for many technological applications in general, and in the photonics industries in particular. In addition, the varying molecular structures of crystals make them prudent for chemical industries as well. Liquid Crystals presents the basics of liquid crystals as well as discusses their applications in optics and field sensing. The book also discusses the interfacing of liquid crystal displays and the programming required for these displays.
    Keywords: Physics ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics::PHF Materials / States of matter::PHFC Condensed matter physics (liquid state and solid state physics)
    Language: English
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    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: This book examines the fundamental research and application of droplet dynamics. It includes six chapters in four sections. Section 1 introduces the concepts of droplet dynamics in powertrain systems. Section 2 reviews the optical methods for investigations in droplet dynamics. Section 3 examines the fundamental research on liquid droplet behaviors, such as droplet impact in internal combustion engines and the movement of liquid droplets in atmospheric pressure plasmas. Finally, Section 4 deals with the application of droplet behaviors not only in spray and combustion but also in bioinspired smart surfaces. The information contained herein is useful for engineers and students looking to broaden their knowledge of droplet behaviors and dynamics, especially for their development and application in low-carbon engines.
    Keywords: Physics ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics::PHD Classical mechanics::PHDF Fluid mechanics ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics::PHD Classical mechanics::PHDF Physics: Fluid mechanics
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    Pennsylvania State University Press
    Publication Date: 2024-03-27
    Description: Oil, like other fossil fuels, permeates every aspect of human existence. Yet it has been largely ignored by cultural critics, especially in the context of the Global South. Seeking to make visible not only the pervasiveness of oil in society and culture but also its power, Oil Fictions stages a critical intervention that aligns with the broader goals of the energy humanities.Exploring literature and film about petroleum as a genre of world literature, Oil Fictions focuses on the ubiquity of oil as well as the cultural response to petroleum in postcolonial states. The chapters engage with African, South American, South Asian, Iranian, and transnational petrofictions and cover topics such as the relationship of colonialism to the fossil fuel economy, issues of gender in the Thermocene epoch, and discussions of migration, precarious labor, and the petro-diaspora. This unique exploration includes testimonies of the oil encounter—through memoirs, journals, and interviews—from a diverse geopolitical grid, ranging from the Permian Basin to the Persian Gulf.By engaging with non-Western literary responses to petroleum in a concentrated, sustained way, this pathbreaking book illuminates the transnational dimensions of the discourse on oil. It will appeal to scholars and students working in literature and science studies, energy humanities, ecocriticism, petrocriticism, environmental humanities, and Anthropocene studies.In addition to the editors, the contributors to this volume include Henry Obi Ajumeze, Rebecca Babcock, Ashley Dawson, Sharae Deckard, Scott DeVries, Kristen Figgins, Amitav Ghosh, Corbin Hiday, Helen Kapstein, Micheal Angelo Rumore, Simon Ryle, Sheena Stief, Imre Szeman, Maya Vinai, and Wendy W. Walters.
    Keywords: Language & Literature ; Sustainability ; Engineering ; Environmental Science ; thema EDItEUR::D Biography, Literature and Literary studies::DS Literature: history and criticism::DSB Literary studies: general::DSBH Literary studies: c 1900 to c 2000 ; thema EDItEUR::D Biography, Literature and Literary studies::DS Literature: history and criticism::DSB Literary studies: general ; thema EDItEUR::D Biography, Literature and Literary studies::D Biography, Literature and Literary studies::DS Literature: history and criticism ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TH Energy technology and engineering::THF Fossil fuel technologies::THFP Petroleum technology ; thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RN The environment::RNF Environmental management
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  • 43
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: The role of fossil planktonic foraminifera as markers for biostratigraphical zonation and correlation underpins most drilling of marine sedimentary sequences and is key to hydrocarbon exploration. The first - and only - book to synthesize the whole biostratigraphic and geological usefulness of planktonic foraminifera, Biostratigraphic and Geological Significance of Planktonic Foraminifera unifies existing biostratigraphic schemes and provides an improved correlation reflecting regional biogeographies. Renowned micropaleontologist Marcelle K. Boudagher-Fadel presents a comprehensive analysis of existing data on fossil planktonic foraminifera genera and their phylogenetic evolution in time and space. This important text, now in its Second Edition, is in considerable demand and is now being republished by UCL Press.
    Keywords: Geology ; Paleontology ; Geography ; Agriculture ; Engineering ; thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RB Earth sciences::RBG Geology, geomorphology and the lithosphere ; thema EDItEUR::W Lifestyle, Hobbies and Leisure::WN Nature and the natural world: general interest::WNR Rocks, minerals and fossils: general interest ; thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RG Geography ; thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RB Earth sciences::RBX Palaeontology ; thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RB Earth sciences::RBG Geology, geomorphology and the lithosphere::RBGH Stratigraphy ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TV Agriculture and farming ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TH Energy technology and engineering::THF Fossil fuel technologies::THFP Petroleum technology
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    RAND Corporation
    Publication Date: 2024-03-29
    Description: The National Intelligence Council's 2008 report "Global Trends 2025: A Transformed World" projects what the world will look like in 2025 based on recent trends. This paper asks: How should U.S. policy adapt now to account for these trends and the future that will result from them? The author explores such issues as climate change, defense, international relations, and the structure of the federal government.
    Keywords: Political Science ; Physics ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government::JPS International relations ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JW Warfare and defence ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics::PHD Classical mechanics::PHDY Energy
    Language: English
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    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: This book discusses vortex dynamics theory from physics, mathematics, and engineering perspectives. It includes nine chapters that cover a variety of research results related to vortex dynamics including nonlinear optics, fluid dynamics, and plasma physics.
    Keywords: Physics ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics::PHD Classical mechanics::PHDF Fluid mechanics ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics::PHD Classical mechanics::PHDF Physics: Fluid mechanics
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    University of Minnesota Press
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: Sensors are everywhere. Small, flexible, economical, and computationally powerful, they operate ubiquitously in environments. They compile massive amounts of data, including information about air, water, and climate. Never before has such a volume of environmental data been so broadly collected or so widely available. Grappling with the consequences of wiring our world, Program Earth examines how sensor technologies are programming our environments. As Jennifer Gabrys points out, sensors do not merely record information about an environment. Rather, they generate new environments and environmental relations. At the same time, they give a voice to the entities they monitor: to animals, plants, people, and inanimate objects. This book looks at the ways in which sensors converge with environments to map ecological processes, to track the migration of animals, to check pollutants, to facilitate citizen participation, and to program infrastructure. Through discussing particular instances where sensors are deployed for environmental study and citizen engagement across three areas of environmental sensing, from wild sensing to pollution sensing and urban sensing, Program Earth asks how sensor technologies specifically contribute to new environmental conditions. What are the implications for wiring up environments? How do sensor applications not only program environments, but also program the sorts of citizens and collectives we might become? Program Earth suggests that the sensor-based monitoring of Earth offers the prospect of making new environments not simply as an extension of the human but rather as new "technogeographies" that connect technology, nature, and people.
    Keywords: General Science ; Science & Technology Studies ; Engineering ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PD Science: general issues::PDA Philosophy of science ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PD Science: general issues::PDR Impact of science and technology on society ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TJ Electronics and communications engineering
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    Berghahn Books
    Publication Date: 2024-04-02
    Description: As climate change becomes an increasingly important part of public discourse, the relationship between time in nature and history is changing. Nature can no longer be considered a slow and immobile background to human history, and the future can no longer be viewed as open and detached from the past. Times of History, Times of Nature engages with this historical shift in temporal sensibilities through a combination of detailed case studies and synthesizing efforts. Focusing on the history of knowledge, media theory, and environmental humanities, this volume explores the rich and nuanced notions of time and temporality that have emerged in response to climate change.
    Keywords: History ; Physics ; Communication Studies ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHB General and world history ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PG Astronomy, space and time::PGZ Time (chronology), time systems and standards ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JB Society and culture: general::JBC Cultural and media studies::JBCT Media studies
    Language: English
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    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Fusion power may offer a long-term energy supply with an uninterrupted power delivery, a high power-generation density, and no greenhouse gas emissions, contributing to preventing the worst effects of climate change and making an enduring contribution to future energy supply. However, the intense conditions inside a fusion power plant (extreme temperatures and high magnetic fields necessary for nuclear fusion) call for addressing several potential problems. These include the development of new materials with extremely high heat tolerances and low enough vapor pressure and the design of mechanical structures that can withstand the electromagnetic force generated as well as feedback controllers to measure and counteract the unstable modes of evolution of the plasma, to name a few. The future of nuclear fusion as an efficient alternative energy source depends largely on techniques that enable us to control these instabilities. Mathematical modelling and physical experiments attempt to overcome some of the hindrances posed by these complexities. This book provides a comprehensive overview of the current state of the art in this fascinating and critically important field of pure and applied physics, mathematics, and engineering, presenting some of the most recent developments in theory, modelling, algorithms, experiments, and applications.
    Keywords: Physics ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics::PHN Nuclear physics
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  • 49
    Publication Date: 2023-10-05
    Description: If policies aimed at large reductions of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions are enacted, more carbon capture and storage will be needed. RAND researchers explored the ability of the industrial base supporting the transportation and sequestration of CO2 to expand, assessing the industrial base for transportation and injection of CO2 for both geologic storage and enhanced oil recovery.
    Keywords: Political Science ; Environmental Science ; Business ; Physics ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KN Industry & industrial studies::KNB Energy industries & utilities ; bic Book Industry Communication::R Earth sciences, geography, environment, planning::RN The environment::RND Environmental policy & protocols ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TQ Environmental science, engineering & technology
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    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Holography of today is a broad field developed in the meeting between optics and the digital world of computers. A hologram usually contains more or different information on the observed scene than a regular image of the same scene. The development of the field has been accelerated lately due to the improvement of digital cameras, computers, light sources, and spatial light modulators. As a multidisciplinary area, holography connects experts in electro-optical engineering, image processing, and computer algorithms. More experts are needed when holography is utilized in various applications such as microscopy, industrial inspection, biomedicine, and entertainment. This book provides an overview of the world of holography from the aspect of concepts, system architectures, and applications.
    Keywords: Physics ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics::PHJ Optical physics
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    CLACSO
    Publication Date: 2024-03-30
    Description: Gustavo Lins Riberio conjuga y tensiona la teoría con el trabajo de campo para desentrañar los significados que atribuyen los trabajadores a la construcción de Brasilia. Ello le permitirá reconstruir una memoria donde caben las penurias, los enojos, las broncas, las injusticias laborales, las solidaridades, las amistades, la familia, las lealtades, los sabores de las comidas, la música, la organización, el sindicato y los conflictos, en un todo desordenado pero legible a luz de la teoría. En definitiva, la experiencia de clase se puede leer en El capital de la esperanza de modo transversal, así como también las contradicciones del capitalismo, las políticas urbanistas, las condiciones de trabajo y demás campos problemáticos que han abordado las ciencias sociales. Las y los invitamos a leer —por primera vez o una vez más— esta obra magistral que nos permite comprender y complejizar la dinámica de la expansión capitalista.
    Keywords: Labor & Employment Relations ; Engineering ; History ; Latin American Studies ; thema EDItEUR::K Economics, Finance, Business and Management::KC Economics::KCF Labour / income economics ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TN Civil engineering, surveying and building::TNK Building construction and materials ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHK History of the Americas
    Language: Spanish
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    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: This book provides a detailed overview of recent advances in the captivating world of quantum dots and outlines some possible imminent new directions for this important field. A variety of advanced techniques is rapidly developing in the application of quantum dots to solar photovoltaics, LEDs, quantum computing (qubits) and different biological spheres. The book presents, discusses and compares devices based on state-of-the-art structures, incipient material and new physical effects. Improved efficiency and reliability in these fields are already pointing the way to next-generation devices, especially in the nano regime. This book is addressed to students and scientists working in the field of quantum dots and progressive technologies.
    Keywords: Physics ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics::PHQ Quantum physics (quantum mechanics and quantum field theory)
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    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Electromagnetic waves within a terahertz frequency range are becoming critical to investigating molecules, materials, and possible applications that are operated by both visible light and infrared rays. This book discusses sensing, imaging, and optoelectronic technologies of terahertz electromagnetic waves in theory and experiments. Most terahertz technologies can be explained by fundamentals of applied physics that have been demonstrated in other spectral ranges. However, the optoelectronic technology and corresponding configurations of imaging and sensing techniques are so special for various terahertz material polarization waves, which are excited in solid-state media by high-peak power lasers and waveguide transportation. Thus, this book also specifies terahertz parameters and available technologies.
    Keywords: Physics ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics::PHK Electricity, electromagnetism and magnetism
    Language: English
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  • 54
    Publication Date: 2024-03-30
    Description: This report serves as the technical documentation and reference document for the data, methods, and analytic approach used in the analysis of national exposures to infrastructure from natural disasters. The analysis includes 11 natural hazards and five infrastructure sectors. Analytic findings about current and future exposures of infrastructure in the United States drawn from this data analysis are documented in a separate report.
    Keywords: Business ; Physics ; Population Studies ; thema EDItEUR::K Economics, Finance, Business and Management::KC Economics::KCS Economic systems and structures ; thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RB Earth sciences::RBP Meteorology and climatology ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JH Sociology and anthropology::JHB Sociology::JHBD Population and demography
    Language: English
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  • 55
    Publication Date: 2023-10-05
    Description: This book discusses the opportunities and risks the government of Israel faces in shifting to a greater reliance on domestic and imported natural gas. By applying newly developed methods for strategic planning and decisionmaking under deep uncertainty, the analysis seeks to help the Israeli government engage in managed change by choosing robust strategies that minimize potential consequences of relying more heavily on natural gas.
    Keywords: Physics ; Business ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KN Industry & industrial studies::KNB Energy industries & utilities ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics::PHD Classical mechanics::PHDY Energy
    Language: English
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    ANU Press
    Publication Date: 2024-04-02
    Description: This is the first book whose subject is the music, sounds and silences of Antarctica. From 2011 until 2014, Australia marked its long-standing connection with Antarctica by celebrating the centenary of the Australasian Antarctic Expedition. The icy continent, with its extremes of climate and environment and unique soundscapes, offers great potential for creative achievements in the world of music and sound. This book demonstrates the intellectual and creative engagement of artists, musicians, scientists and writers. Consciousness of sounds — in particular, musical ones — has not been at the forefront of our aims in polar endeavours, but listening to and appreciating them has been as important there as elsewhere.
    Keywords: Music ; Physics ; History ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHM Australasian and Pacific history ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHT History: specific events and topics::NHTB Social and cultural history ; thema EDItEUR::A The Arts::AV Music ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics::PHD Classical mechanics::PHDS Wave mechanics (vibration and acoustics)
    Language: English
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    TU Delft OPEN Publishing
    Publication Date: 2024-03-29
    Description: Current systems design and decision management methodologies can be single-sided, ignoring or failing to capture the dynamic interplay between multi-stakeholder preferences (‘what they want’) and system performances (‘what they can’). In addition, these methodologies often contain fundamental modelling errors and do not provide single best-fit solutions. This leaves designers or decision-makers without unique answers to their problems. Above all, mainstream higher education primarily applies instructivist and research-based learning methods, and therefore does not adequately prepare students for designing solutions to future complex problems. This book introduces both a state-of-the-art participatory design methodology (Odesys), and a design-based learning concept (ODL), which together overcome the aforementioned issues. Odesys is a pure act of open design integration to confront conflicting socio-technical interests and is the key to unlocking these complexities to deliver socially responsible systems. Odesys’ design engine, the Preferendus, enables stakeholders to cooperatively identify their best-fit design synthesis. It employs a novel optimisation method that maximises the aggregated preferences, integrating sound mathematical and extended U-modelling via open technical-, social-, and purpose cycles. The art of ODL is a constructivist design-based and well-proven learning concept fostering students’ design capabilities to become open and persistent problem solvers. It is a reflective, creative, and engaged learning approach that opens human development and unlocks new knowledge and solutions. The author also introduces new management features such as the corporate social identifier (CSI), the ‘socio-eco’ threefold organization model and U-model based open loop management. Finally, the author places Odesys & ODL within the integrative context of empiricism, rationalism, spiritualism, and constructivism to unite the open design impulse. This book will be of interest to both academics and practitioners working in the field of complex systems design and managerial decision-making, and functions as a textbook on systems design and management for master students from diverse backgrounds.
    Keywords: Management ; Technology ; Engineering ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JN Education::JNV Educational equipment & technology, computer-aided learning (CAL) ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JN Education::JNV Educational equipment and technology, computer-aided learning (CAL)
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    ANU Press
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: In 1970 a small group of physicists at The Australian National University decided to veer away from the accepted and expected directions in energy research and pursued the emerging discipline of solar energy. Over the next decade ANU joined a small cluster of research institutions, including the CSIRO, UNSW and the University of Sydney, to emerge as a world leader in solar energy technology. This book traces the history of solar energy research at ANU over 35 years from its origin, its sometimes controversial early stages, through its flagship projects to its current status as one of the world's best known solar energy research establishments. It is as much a story of the future as it is a history: Following the sun is the story of how an idea to pursue what was in 1970 a new and unpopular research path has come to underpin sustainable development in the 21st Century.
    Keywords: History of Science & Technology ; Physics ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics::PHD Classical mechanics::PHDY Energy ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PD Science: general issues::PDX History of science ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics::PHD Classical mechanics::PHDY Energy ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PD Science: general issues::PDX History of science
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    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: This book provides an overview of the principles and types of electron microscopes. It also describes the different practical applications of electron microscopes, ranging from particle analysis and materials characterization to industrial failure analysis and process control. Over eight chapters divided into two sections, this book gives readers a comprehensive and updated review of the latest advances in electron microscopy.
    Keywords: Physics ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics::PHV Applied physics
    Language: English
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    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: The nonlinear Schrödinger equation is a prototypical dispersive nonlinear partial differential equation that has been derived in many areas of physics and analyzed mathematically for many years. With this book, we aim to capture different perspectives of researchers on the nonlinear Schrödinger equation arising from theoretical, numerical, and experimental aspects. The eight chapters cover a variety of topics related to nonlinear optics, quantum mechanics, and physics. This book provides scientists, researchers, and engineers as well as graduate and post-graduate students working on or interested in the nonlinear Schrödinger equation with an in-depth discussion of the latest advances in nonlinear optics and quantum physics.
    Keywords: Physics ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics::PHU Mathematical physics
    Language: English
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  • 61
    Publication Date: 2024-04-14
    Description: Limiting climate change will require transformation of energy and other systems. This report presents an agent-based, game theoretic model designed to compare the long-term sustainability of alternative carbon emission reduction policies. The model tracks the co-evolution of an industry sector, its technology base, and political coalitions that influence government policy. It uses robust decision making methods to compare alternative policies.
    Keywords: Physics ; Mathematics ; Technology ; thema EDItEUR::U Computing and Information Technology::UN Databases::UNA Database design and theory ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PB Mathematics::PBU Optimization::PBUD Game theory ; thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RB Earth sciences::RBP Meteorology and climatology
    Language: English
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    RAND Corporation
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Orbital space debris represents a growing threat to the operation of man-made systems in space. With the goal of guiding future mitigation or remediation efforts, this monograph examines nine comparable problems that share similarities with orbital debris: acid rain, U.S. commercial airline security, asbestos, chlorofluorocarbons, hazardous waste, oil spills, radon, email spam, and U.S. border control.
    Keywords: Technology ; Physics ; Environmental Science ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics::PHV Applied physics::PHVB Astrophysics ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TQ Environmental science, engineering and technology ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TR Transport technology and trades::TRP Aerospace and aviation technology
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  • 63
    Publication Date: 2024-04-02
    Description: This report describes a proof-of-concept analysis using Robust Decision Making to evaluate water resource management response packages for California’s Central Valley under future uncertainty. This analytic approach will be used to develop a more comprehensive analysis for the California Water Plan Update 2013.
    Keywords: History ; Political Science ; Physics ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHK History of the Americas ; thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RN The environment::RND Environmental policy and protocols ; thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RB Earth sciences::RBP Meteorology and climatology
    Language: English
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    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Much research is being conducted to develop larger wind turbines, both onshore and offshore, to decarbonize electricity grid systems through the exploitation of wind power. This book presents advances and challenges in the design, manufacture, and operation of wind turbines. The main topics addressed include the basic aspects of wind turbine design, offshore wind industry and floating wind turbines, wind measurement and forecasting models, design and manufacturing of rotor blades, manufacture of power transmission bearings, and challenges in control strategies and computational aerodynamics.
    Keywords: Physics ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics::PHK Electricity, electromagnetism and magnetism
    Language: English
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    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: This book presents a comprehensive overview of colorimetry and colorimetric analysis of dyes, pigments, paints, pharmaceuticals, and other products via spectrophotometric and spectroscopic analysis. Chapters address such topics as UV VIS spectroscopy, reflectance spectral analysis of colours, colour science in the paint industry, colouration of textiles for defence applications, and much more.
    Keywords: Physics ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics::PHV Applied physics
    Language: English
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  • 66
    Publication Date: 2023-10-05
    Description: To determine whether the industrial base for the U.S. domestic coal-based electricity generation industry can maintain the capability to design, construct, operate, and maintain coal-fired electricity generating units within reasonable cost, schedule, performance, environmental, and quality expectations, this book reviews interviews with stakeholders and data describing key elements of industry capability and validation or verification of concerns.
    Keywords: Physics ; Law ; Management & Organizational Behavior ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KJ Business & management::KJM Management & management techniques ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KN Industry & industrial studies::KNB Energy industries & utilities ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics::PHD Classical mechanics::PHDY Energy
    Language: English
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    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: This book presents a comprehensive overview of gravity and gravitational fields. The eight chapters are presented in two sections. Chapters in the first section address such topics as the theory of gravity, transient gravitational forces, the nature of our temporal universe, and photo-gravitational celestial mechanics. Chapters in the second section discuss how to create a gravity survey, analyze data collected by satellites and on the ground, and present visualizations of several field cases around the world.
    Keywords: Physics ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics::PHV Applied physics::PHVG Geophysics
    Language: English
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  • 68
    Publication Date: 2024-03-30
    Description: RAND Corporation researchers review the current technical, regulatory, and economic context of the electricity market and theoretical benefits of developing a smart grid; discuss some entrepreneurial opportunities associated with smart-grid data; examine empirical evidence related to smart-grid adoption and implementation; and offer policy suggestions for overcoming identified barriers.
    Keywords: Law ; Physics ; Business ; thema EDItEUR::K Economics, Finance, Business and Management::KN Industry and industrial studies::KNB Energy industries and utilities ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics::PHD Classical mechanics::PHDY Energy
    Language: English
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    CLACSO
    Publication Date: 2023-10-05
    Description: En junio del 2014 la comunidad Kukama de Cuninico, fue afectada por el derrame de 2500 barriles de petróleo. Como muchas otras comunidades nativas en la Amazonia, Cuninico está enfrascada en un contexto postdesastre agudizado por la ineficiencia estatal. Las dinámicas intrafamiliares y comunitarias, así como las expectativas a futuro de los que allí viven, han cambiado profundamente. En este contexto son las mujeres las que deben asumir más responsabilidades para enfrentar la crisis.
    Keywords: Environmental Science ; Sustainability ; Engineering ; bic Book Industry Communication::R Earth sciences, geography, environment, planning::RN The environment::RNK Conservation of the environment ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TH Energy technology & engineering::THF Fossil fuel technologies::THFP Petroleum technology
    Language: Spanish
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  • 70
    Publication Date: 2023-10-05
    Description: Nuclear power is receiving renewed interest because of its low greenhouse gas emissions. However, if nuclear power is to be sustainable option for the United States, methods for managing spent fuel that meet stringent safety and environmental standards must be implemented. This report examines technical and institutional approaches to spent fuel management and highlights policy implications of pursuing alternative strategies.
    Keywords: Physics ; Environmental Science ; Business ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KN Industry & industrial studies::KNB Energy industries & utilities ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TQ Environmental science, engineering & technology ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics::PHN Nuclear physics
    Language: English
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    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: The intermittent nature of solar energy sources is the greatest challenge to the broad acceptance of this technology. The storage of thermal energy presents a workable option for addressing this issue. When it comes to the storage of thermal energy, latent heat storage units (LHSU) that make use of phase change materials (PCMs) are more desirable than sensible heat storage. In the context of a large increase in the demand for energy, PCMs are an essential class of thermal energy storage materials that contribute to the sustainable growth of both the economy and society. It stores large amounts of heat in the form of latent heat at a constant temperature. This promising technique has already been applied with great success in a variety of applications like solar appliances, buildings, battery thermal management, electronic cooling, waste heat recovery systems, textiles, and more. This book presents an in-depth discussion on PCMs, the current state of PCM technology, and a detailed description of their prospective applications.
    Keywords: Physics ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics::PHF Materials / States of matter::PHFC Condensed matter physics (liquid state and solid state physics)
    Language: English
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    UJ Press | UJ Press
    Publication Date: 2024-03-29
    Description: The book provides a rich, informative picture of the current state of student engagement evaluation, while also highlighting challenges and opportunities for future advances. A particular strength of this publication is its emphasis on the importance of taking evidence-based decisions, and showing how the South African Survey of Student Engagement (SASSE) can provide the evidence for well-informed changes in policy and practice in order to enhance student success." - Prof Magda Fourie-Malherbe, Stellenbosch University
    Keywords: Academics ; Academic achievement ; Academic advising ; Academic advisors ; Academic challenge ; Academic development ; Academic literacy ; Academic performance ; Academic support ; Access ; Academic staff (also see academics/Lecturers) ; Actionable ; Active learning ; Agency ; Aggregated ; Analyse ; Apply ; Ask questions ; Assessment ; Attitude ; Australasian Survey of Student Engagement (AUSSE) ; Beginning University Survey of Student Engagement (BUSSE) ; Benchmarking ; Bloom’s taxonomy ; Business ; economics and management ; Campus environment ; Capacity ; Career advisors ; Challenges ; Classroom activities ; Classroom Survey of Student Engagement (CLASSE) ; Co-curricular (also see extra-curricular) ; Cognitive ; Cognitive development ; Cognitive educational activities ; Cognitive functions ; Cognitive skills ; Collaborative learning ; Colleges ; Community college ; Comprehensive universities ; Conditional formatting ; Contextual ; Contextual challenges ; Contextualised ; Council on Higher Education (CHE) ; Course (module/subject) ; Critical thinking ; Culture ; Curriculum ; Data ; Data-informed ; Decision-making ; Decolonisation ; Deep learning ; Department chairs (heads of departments) ; Department of Higher Education and Training (DHET) ; Development ; Developmental outcomes ; Diagnostic ; Disaggregating ; Discussions ; Discussion with diverse others ; Dropout ; Education outcomes ; Effective educational behaviours ; Effective educational practices ; Effective leadership ; Effective teaching practices ; Empirical ; Engagement – also see Student Engagement ; Engineering ; Equity ; Equitable outcomes ; Evaluate ; Evidence ; Evidence-based ; Expectations ; Expected academic difficulty ; Expected academic perseverance ; Experiential learning ; Experience with staff ; Extended degree ; Extended curricula ; Extra-curricular (also see co-curricular) ; Financial Stress Scale ; First-generation ; First-year ; Food ; Food insecurity ; Frequency ; Freshman myth ; Gender ; Graduate attributes (Learning outcomes) ; Group work ; Heads of departments ; High-Impact practices ; Higher education outcomes ; Higher-Order Learning ; Holistic ; Humanities ; Incentive ; Indicators ; Innovation ; Innovative ; Instructional paradigm ; Interactions ; Interventions ; Institutional culture ; Institutional performance ; Institutional research ; Institutional researchers ; Institution-wide approaches ; Interpersonal relationships ; Interpersonal skills ; Intersectional ; Intersectionality ; Irish Survey of Student Engagement (ISSE) ; Knowledge ; Knowledge society ; Language ; Law ; Leaders ; Leadership (management/university leadership) ; Learning ; Learning environments ; Learning facilitator ; Learning outcomes ; Learning paradigm ; Learning strategies ; Learning with peers ; Lecturer Survey of Student Engagement (LSSE) ; Lecturers (also see academics/academic staff) ; Librarians ; Management (University leaders and Leadership) ; Mathematics ; Memorisation ; Mentor ; Mentoring ; Mentorship ; Mission ; Module (course/subject) ; Motivation ; National Benchmark Tests (NBT) ; National Benchmark Test Project (NBTP) ; National Development Plan ; National Survey of Student Engagement (NSSE) ; Natural and Agricultural Sciences ; Next Generation of Academics Programme (nGAP) ; Numeracy development ; Off-campus ; On-campus ; Online resources ; Pathways ; Peer learning (also see Tutor) ; Pedagogical approaches ; Pedagogical contexts ; Pedagogical environments ; Pedagogical experiences ; Pedagogical innovation ; Pedagogical practices ; Pedagogical relationship ; Pedagogical responsiveness ; Pedagogies ; Perceived academic preparation ; Perceived preparedness ; Persistence ; Policies ; Policy ; Policy makers ; Practical significance ; Practical work ; Preparing for class ; Professional development ; Professionals ; Professional staff ; Quadrant ; Quality ; Quality assurance ; Quality of interactions ; Quantitative reasoning ; Reflection ; Reflective and integrative learning ; Relationships ; Research ; Responsiveness ; Resources ; Retention ; Science ; engineering and technology ; Self-reflection ; Senior students ; Service learning ; Social sciences ; Socio-economic ; South African Survey(s) of Student Engagement (SASSE) ; Staff development (also academic development and lecturer development) ; Stakeholder ; Strategies ; Statistical ; Student affairs ; Student behaviour ; Student bodies ; Student data ; Student development ; Student engagement ; Student evaluation ; Student financial aid ; Student involvement ; Student learning ; Student life ; Student needs ; Student outcomes ; Student organisations ; Student perspective ; Student participation ; Student performance ; Student persistence ; Student retention ; Student responses ; Student societies ; Student-staff interaction ; Student success ; Student views ; Student voice ; Success rates ; Subject (course/module) ; Support services ; Support staff ; Supportive campus ; Supportive environment ; Synthesise ; Systemic perspective ; Systemic understanding ; Teaching ; Teaching and learning ; Techniques ; Time ; Time management ; Traditional universities ; Transformation ; Transformative ; Transition ; Tutor ; Tutorials ; Undergraduate research ; Underprepared ; United States ; University Capacity Development Grant (University Capacity Development Programme) ; Universities ; Universities of Technology ; University leaders ; Unrealistic ; Well-being ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JN Education::JNM Higher & further education, tertiary education ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JN Education::JNM Higher education, tertiary education
    Language: English
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    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Rotating machines are some of the most widely used machines and their application in the field of new and renewable energy is an important development. This book presents recent research and discusses the technological development of rotating machines, including different types of wind, pump, and gas turbines. It also examines environmental impacts on rotating machines, particularly the effects of icing on the surface of wind turbine blades. It includes research on static and dynamic structural analysis, rotor aerodynamics characteristics, signal analysis, energy conversion, and exergy. It also presents the latest research on theoretical analysis, numerical simulation, and experiment technology for improving the performance and optimizing the structure of rotating machines.
    Keywords: Physics ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics::PHK Electricity, electromagnetism and magnetism
    Language: English
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    University of North Carolina Press
    Publication Date: 2024-04-02
    Description: White working-class conservatives have played a decisive role in American history, particularly in their opposition to social justice movements, radical critiques of capitalism, and government help for the poor and sick. While this pattern is largely seen as a post-1960s development, Poor Man's Fortune tells a different story, excavating the long history of white working-class conservatism in the century from the Civil War to World War II. With a close study of metal miners in the Tri-State district of Kansas, Missouri, and Oklahoma, Jarod Roll reveals why successive generations of white, native-born men willingly and repeatedly opposed labor unions and government-led health and safety reforms, even during the New Deal. With painstaking research, Roll shows how the miners' choices reflected a deep-seated, durable belief that hard-working American white men could prosper under capitalism, and exposes the grim costs of this view for these men and their communities, for organized labor, and for political movements seeking a more just and secure society. Roll's story shows how American inequalities are in part the result of a white working-class conservative tradition driven by grassroots assertions of racial, gendered, and national privilege.
    Keywords: History ; American Studies ; Labor & Employment Relations ; Engineering ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHK History of the Americas ; thema EDItEUR::K Economics, Finance, Business and Management::KN Industry and industrial studies::KNX Industrial relations, occupational health and safety::KNXN Industrial arbitration and negotiation ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TT Other technologies and applied sciences::TTU Mining technology and engineering
    Language: English
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    Logos Verlag Berlin | Logos Verlag Berlin
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: While binaural technology applications gained in popularity in recent years, the majority of applications still use non-individual Head-Related Transfer Functions (HRTFs) from artificial heads. However, certain applications, for example research of spatial hearing or hearing attention, require an physically exact and realistic binaural signal. The limiting factor that prohibits the widespread use of individual HRTFs is the acquisition time of such data. This time requirement has recently been reduced by the use of parallelization in the measurement signal which lead to the development of fast measurement systems capable of acquiring individual and spatially dense HRTF. This thesis provides a objective and subjective evaluation of such a system that is designed with the goal of little disturbance of the measurements in mind. The construction is detailed, followed by both an objective and subjective evaluation. A detailed investigation into additional distortion of the sound field introduced by the system itself is presented and it is shown that the system performs comparably to a conventional system in terms of sound source localization. Furthermore, a method is introduced and evaluated to further reduce the measurement time by using continuous rotation during the measurement. This method is used to reduced the measurement duration from eight minutes to three minutes without audible differences.
    Keywords: Technology & Engineering ; Electronics ; Science ; Physics ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TJ Electronics and communications engineering::TJF Electronics engineering ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics
    Language: English
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    Logos Verlag Berlin | Logos Verlag Berlin
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: Die Teilchenphysik als Teilgebiet der modernen Physik gewinnt zunehmend an Bedeutung im schulischen Physikunterricht. In dieser Arbeit wird erstmalig das von Lehrkräften benötigte Fachwissen zur Teilchenphysik modelliert, wobei Fachwissen als ein Teil des Professionswissens verstanden wird. Als Fachwissensdimensionen werden die Inhaltsbereiche und die Wissensarten in den Fokus genommen, für welche jeweils Subfacetten identifiziert und präzise beschrieben werden. Nach einem überblick über die wesentlichen Ideen der Teilchenphysik wird in der Arbeit die sukzessive Modellierung des Fachwissens im Rahmen einer qualitativ und quantitativ angelegten Delphi-Studie vorgestellt. In drei Befragungsrunden wurden zwischen 35 und 65 internationale Expertinnen und Experten aus der teilchenphysikbezogenen Forschung (Fachwissenschaft und Fachdidaktik) und öffentlichkeitsarbeit (u.a. Wissenschaftsjournalismus) sowie erfahrene Lehrkräfte zu den für das Fachwissen relevanten Themen der Teilchenphysik befragt. Empirische Analysen der Befragungsrunden ergaben, dass sich die Dimension Inhaltsbereiche im deklarativen Wissen aus zehn teilchenphysikalischen Themen (z.B. Teilchen in der Hochenergiephysik, die vier fundamentalen Wechselwirkungen) zusammensetzt, von welchen sechs als besonders relevant eingeschätzt wurden. Im Anschluss an die letzte Befragungsrunde wurde theoriegeleitet eine erste Modellierung der Inhaltsbereiche für die Wissensarten des prozeduralen und konditionalen Wissens vorgenommen.
    Keywords: Science ; Education ; Science ; Physics ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PD Science: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JN Education ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics
    Language: English
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    Logos Verlag Berlin | Logos Verlag Berlin
    Publication Date: 2023-02-02
    Description: Die in den vergangenen Jahren zahlreich entstandenen außerschulischen Lernorte an der deutschen Wattenmeerküste sind Ausdruck einer Differenzierung der dortigen Bildungslandschaft, in der schulisches durch non-formales Lernen im regionalen Kontext ergänzt wird. Die außerschulischen Lernorte zeichnet aus, dass sie ihren Besucherinnen und Besuchern Primärerfahrungen bieten, um die außergewöhnliche Dynamik und Sensitivität des Wattenmeeres zu verdeutlichen. Allerdings schöpfen die Lernorte ihr Potenzial für das außerschulische Physiklernen nicht aus, denn obwohl insbesondere Strömungen und Strukturbildungen (z. B. Rippel, Dünen und Priele) das Erscheinungsbild des Wattenmeers prägen und dessen Dynamik repräsentieren, werden in den Bildungsangeboten bisher fast ausschließlich biologische Inhalte behandelt. Deshalb ist physikdidaktische Forschungs- und Entwicklungsarbeit nötig, die durch eine Didaktische Rekonstruktion von Strömungen und Strukturbildungen geleistet wird. Hierzu gehört zunächst eine fachliche Klärung. Im Anschluss werden Lernendenvorstellungen untersucht, indem problemzentrierte Interviews entlang von Realexperimenten durchgeführt und einer qualitativen Inhaltsanalyse unterworfen werden. Auf Basis des Vergleichs zwischen fachlicher Sicht und Lernendensicht gilt es sodann, Bausteine für didaktische Strukturierungen zu entwickeln. Diese Bausteine werden schließlich eingesetzt, um gemeinsam mit den Lernortbetreibenden Bildungsangebote zu entwickeln, die auch physikalische Zusammenhänge zur Küstendynamik explizieren.
    Keywords: Science ; Earth Sciences ; Education ; Science ; Physics ; bic Book Industry Communication::R Earth sciences, geography, environment, planning::RB Earth sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JN Education ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics
    Language: German
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    Logos Verlag Berlin | Logos Verlag Berlin
    Publication Date: 2023-02-02
    Description: Problemlösen ist eine wesentliche Voraussetzung für das Handeln in allen Bereichen des Lebens: In einfachen Alltagssituationen, bei (natur-) wissenschaftlichen Fragestellungen oder bei komplexeren gesellschaftlich relevanten Problemen spielt die Lösung von Problemen eine Rolle. Im Bereich der Physik werden insbesondere innerhalb des schulischen und universitären Kontextes Probleme bearbeitet. Die täglichen Erfahrungen des Lehrbetriebs an Hochschulen machen jedoch deutlich, dass Teile der Studierenden große Schwierigkeiten haben, Probleme erfolgreich zu lösen. Die Diskrepanz zwischen der Wichtigkeit des Problemlösens und den Schwierigkeiten, die Studierenden dabei haben, ist der Ausgangspunkt für die zentrale Fragestellung der vorliegenden Arbeit: Was unterscheidet "gute" von "schlechten" Problemlösern und welche Faktoren beeinflussen den Erfolg beim Problemlösen? Die Arbeit fokussiert hierbei auf Probleme aus dem Themenfeld der Mechanik. Mit Hilfe einer empirischen Untersuchung wird dazu beigetragen, bereits bekannte Erkenntnisse aus der traditionsreichen Forschung zum Problemlösen zu bestätigen, zu quantifizieren und zueinander in Beziehung zu setzen. Es werden sowohl quantitative als auch qualitative Eigenschaften "guter" und "schlechter" Problemlöser herausgearbeitet - gute Problemlöser können beispielsweise auf mehr Fachwissen zurückgreifen, besitzen ein höheres Selbstkonzept und machen weniger Planungsfehler beim Bearbeiten physikalischer Problemstellungen.
    Keywords: Education ; Science ; Physics ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JN Education ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics
    Language: German
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    Logos Verlag Berlin | Logos Verlag Berlin
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Our world today is becoming increasingly complex, and technical devices are getting ever smaller and more powerful. The high density of electronic components together with high clock frequencies leads to unwanted side-effects like crosstalk, delayed signals and substrate noise, which are no longer negligible in chip design and can only insufficiently be represented by simple lumped circuit models. As a result, different physical phenomena have to be taken into consideration since they have an increasing influence on the signal propagation in integrated circuits. Computer-based simulation methods play thereby a key role. The modelling and analysis of complex multi-physics problems typically leads to coupled systems of partial differential equations and differential-algebraic equations (DAEs). Dynamic iteration and model order reduction are two numerical tools for efficient and fast simulation of coupled systems. Formodelling of low frequency electromagnetic field, we use magneto-quasistatic (MQS) systems which can be considered as an approximation to Maxwells equations. A spatial discretization by using the finite element method leads to a DAE system. We analyze the structural and physical properties of this system and develop passivity-preserving model reduction methods. A special block structure of the MQS model is exploited to to improve the performance of the model reduction algorithms.
    Keywords: Technology & Engineering ; Electronics ; Mathematics ; Science ; Physics ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TJ Electronics and communications engineering::TJF Electronics engineering ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PB Mathematics ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics
    Language: English
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    Logos Verlag Berlin | Logos Verlag Berlin
    Publication Date: 2023-02-02
    Description: Experimentieren kann nicht nur dazu beitragen, fachinhaltliche Erkenntnisse zu gewinnen, sondern auch selbst Lerngegenstand sein. Wenig geklärt ist bisher, wie beim Experimentieren gelernt wird, worauf zu achten ist. Unklar ist auch, welche fachmethodischen Vorstellungen Lernende beim Planen, Durchführen und Auswerten aktivieren. Diesen Fragen wurde mithilfe einer schriftlichen Instruktion nachgegangen, die Lernende (Jg. 11) anregt, nicht nur Experimente durchzuführen, sondern auch über fachmethodische Grundlagen nachzudenken. Die Arbeitsphasen wurden für 42 Schülergruppen videografiert und kategorienbasiert ausgewertet, um Aussagen über Aktivitätsprofile, Vorstellungen und Kompetenzveränderungen zu generieren. Die Ergebnisse belegen die Komplexität von Lernprozessen und zeigen die Schwierigkeit, individuelle Kompetenzzuwächse auf bestimmte Prozesse zurückzuführen. Zum Beispiel konnten hohe Kompetenzzuwächse sowohl für Lernende mit häufigen fachmethodischen Beiträgen als auch für solche mit nur geringen fachmethodischen Aktivitäten festgestellt werden. Des Weiteren gehen experimentell angemessene Aktivitäten in erkennbaren Anteilen mit fachmethodisch unpassenden Vorstellungen einher, wie z.,B. bei einer korrekt vorgenommenen, aber falsch begründeten Trennung zwischen einer Beobachtung und einer Deutung. Die Arbeit liefert damit Hinweise, dass Lernende neben fachinhaltlichen auch fachmethodische Vorstellungen in den Unterricht mitbringen. Diese gilt es z.,B. durch explizite und wiederholte Thematisierung zu adressieren.
    Keywords: Education ; Science ; Physics ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JN Education ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics
    Language: German
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  • 81
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: In einem Solarturmkraftwerk werden hunderte bis tausende Spiegel (sogenannte Heliostate) einzeln der Sonne nachgeführt, sodass das Sonnenlicht auf die Spitze eines Turmes konzentriert wird. Dort befindet sich der Receiver, der die Solarstrahlung absorbiert und an das Wärmeträgermedium weitergibt. Große thermische Energiespeicher erlauben die ganztägige Stromproduktion (auch Nachts). In aktuellen Solarturmkraftwerken kommen als Wärmeträger- und Speichermedium häufig flüssige Nitratsalze wie Solar Salt zum Einsatz. Aufgrund ihrer hohen Wärmekapazität und den geringen Kosten eignen sie sich sehr gut zur thermischen Energiespeicherung, jedoch bringen sie auch einige Nachteile mit sich. Flüssigmetalle weisen in vielen Punkten Vorteile gegenüber den Flüssigsalzen auf. In der vorliegenden Arbeit werden die Eigenschaften von Flüssigmetallen detailliert analysiert und mit Solar Salt verglichen. Zur Bewertung werden die Jahreserträge bzw. die Stromgestehungskosten (LCOE) herangezogen. Die Ergebnisse zeigen ein Potenzial zur Reduktion der Stromgestehungskosten mit Flüssigmetallen um bis zu 16 % gegenüber dem Referenzsystem mit Solar Salt, ohne dabei den Kraftwerksblock und den thermischen Speicher zu verändern.
    Keywords: Technology & Engineering ; Construction ; Technology & Engineering ; Science ; Physics ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TN Civil engineering, surveying and building::TNK Building construction and materials ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics
    Language: German
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  • 82
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    Logos Verlag Berlin | Logos Verlag Berlin
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: In 2005, the hybrid model was published by Prof. H.-D. Alber and Prof. P. Zhu as an alternative to the Allen-Cahn model for the description of phase field transformations. With low interfacial energy, it is more efficient, since the resolution of the diffuse interface is numerically broader for the same solution accuracy and allows coarser meshing. The solutions of both models are associated with energy minimisation and in this work the error terms introduced in the earlier publications are discussed and documented using one and two dimensional numerical simulations. In the last part of this book, phase field problems, initially not coupled with material equations, are combined with linear elasticity and, after simple introductory examples, a growing martensitic inclusion is simulated and compared with literature data. In addition to the confirmed numerical advantage, another phenomenon not previously described in the literature is found: with the hybrid model, in contrast to the examples calculated with the Allen-Cahn model, an inclusion driven mainly by curvature energy does not disappear completely. The opposite problem prevents inclusions from growing from very small initial configurations, but this fact can be remedied by a very finely chosen diffuse interface width and by analysing and adjusting the terms that generate the modelling errors. The last example shows that the hybrid model can be used with numerical advantages despite the above mentioned peculiarities.
    Keywords: Science ; Chemistry ; Mathematics ; Science ; Physics ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PB Mathematics ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics
    Language: English
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  • 83
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: Ein zentrales Ziel der fachdidaktischen Forschung stellt die Verbesserung schulischen Unterrichts dar. Eine Transferstrategie zur flächendeckenden Verbreitung wissenschaftlicher Erkenntnisse bildet die Bereitstellung evidenzbasierter, innovativer materialgestützter Unterrichtskonzeptionen. Allerdings fällt das Materialnutzungsverhalten von Lehrkräften individuell sehr unterschiedlich aus, wobei das Zusammenspiel verschiedener Einflussfaktoren auf die Materialnutzung bislang wenig erforscht ist. Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit ist es daher, dieses Wirkgefüge unter authentischen Bedingungen genauer zu untersuchen. Dazu wurde kriteriengeleitet eine evidenzbasierte, fachdidaktisch innovative Unterrichtskonzeption ausgewählt (das Münchener Unterrichtskonzept zur Quantenmechanik) und den teilnehmenden Lehrkräften fakultativ zur Verfügung gestellt. Mittels eines qualitativen Forschungsansatzes wurden elf Lehrkräfte bei der Implementierung des Konzepts durch ein Interview zu Beginn und am Ende einer Unterrichtsreihe zur Quantenmechanik sowie zwei Unterrichtsbeobachtungen mit je einem anschließenden stimulated recall begleitet. Aus den Ergebnissen folgt, dass die Probanden sich überwiegend heuristisch mit der Konzeption auseinandersetzten und lediglich Elemente auf Sichtstrukturebene implementierten. Das nachgewiesene Wirksamkeitspotential von evidenzbasierten, innovativen Unterrichtskonzeptionen scheint sich folglich lediglich unter bestimmten Bedingungsfaktoren zu entfalten.
    Keywords: Science ; Education ; Science ; Physics ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PD Science: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JN Education ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics
    Language: German
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  • 84
    Publication Date: 2023-03-03
    Description: Die vorliegende Dissertation beschreibt den Entwicklungs- und Validierungsprozess eines neuen Testinstruments zur Erfassung von Lehrer-Selbstwirksamkeitserwartungen in vier physikdidaktischen Handlungsfeldern (Umgang mit Aufgaben, Experimentieren, Elementarisieren, Umgang mit Schülervorstellungen), jeweils bezüglich der Dimensionen Planung und Durchführung von Physikunterricht. Die Instrumententwicklung erfolgt in hohem Maße theoriebasiert, indem unter anderem auf der Grundlage der sozial-kognitiven Theorie Banduras Regeln für die Itemkonstruktion abgeleitet werden, die außerdem eine kritische Analyse existierender Instrumente erlauben. Der mehrschrittige Validierungsprozess ist argumentbasiert angelegt. Im Rahmen einer Interviewstudie und einer Expertenbefragung werden vor allem inhaltliche Aspekte, wie z.B. die definitionskonforme Formulierung der Items, die Abdeckung des Handlungsfeldes oder die wahrgenommene Authentizität der Items, untersucht. Im Zuge der auf eine quantitative Auswertung angelegten Hauptstudie (N approx 1000) werden vor allem psychometrische Aspekte, wie die Eindimensionalität der Skalen oder die Passung des Antwortformates, in den Blick genommen. Zusammenfassend kann ein übergeordnetes Validitätsargument in Bezug auf die intendierte Testwertinterpretation formuliert werden. Weiterer Forschungsbedarf deutet sich unter anderem bezüglich der Unterscheidung der zwei genannten Dimensionen an.
    Keywords: Education ; Science ; Physics ; Psychology ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JN Education ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JM Psychology
    Language: German
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  • 85
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    Logos Verlag Berlin | Logos Verlag Berlin
    Publication Date: 2023-02-02
    Description: In Lehr-Lern-Labor Seminaren können Lehramtsstudierende ihr fachliches, didaktisches und pädagogisches Wissen aufgreifen und in komplexitätsreduzierten Handlungsumgebungen anwenden. Dabei erstellen sie Experimentierstationen, um anschließend in einer iterativen Praxis mehrmals Schülerinnen und Schüler an diesen Stationen zu betreuen. Grundlegend für dieses Vorgehen sind Reflexionsprozesse zwischen den Betreuungen. Inwieweit diese Reflexionsprozesse die Entwicklung der Professionellen Unterrichtswahrnehmung der Studierenden fördern, wurde mit dieser Arbeit untersucht. Als ergänzende Intervention wurden fragenbasierte Videoanalysen der eigenen Betreuungen in das Seminar implementiert. Die Regressionsanalysen zeigten, dass sich die Professionelle Unterrichtswahrnehmung der Studierenden durch die Teilnahme am Seminar verbesserte, wenn zusätzlich das eigene Vorgehen und das ihrer Kommilitonen anhand der erstellten Videos analysiert wurden. Ohne Videoanalyse konnte keine Veränderung festgestellt werden.
    Keywords: Education ; Science ; Physics ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JN Education ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics
    Language: German
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  • 86
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    Logos Verlag Berlin | Logos Verlag Berlin
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: Bei Schülerlaboren als wichtigem Teil außerschulischer MINT-Bildung besteht ein Forschungsdefizit hinsichtlich kognitiver und motivationaler Prozesse auf Seiten der Schülerinnen und Schüler. Mit einem Design-based Research Ansatz klärt die Studie deshalb die Dynamik der Lehr- und Lernprozesse in Schülerlaboren auf und erlaubt es, die Lernangebote mit Blick auf generelle Bildungsziele und spezifische Ziele der Labore empiriebasiert weiterzuentwickeln. Um Angebots-Nutzungs-Prozesse zu untersuchen, wird ein Analyseinstrument entwickelt; es erlaubt gleichermaßen, die didaktische Struktur der Angebote in einer SWOT-Analyse zu erfassen und die ablaufenden Denk- und Lernprozesse der Schülerinnen und Schüler empirisch zu erheben. Das Instrument fokussiert auf drei Dimensionen: die Orientierung der Angebote an Kontexten, die Integration von Problemlöseaufgaben und die Unterstützung von Autonomie der Schülerinnen und Schüler beim Entscheiden und Handeln. Die Ergebnisse der SWOT-Analyse werden mit empirischen Daten, die mit ethnografischen Methoden gewonnen werden, validiert. Eine daraufhin weiterentwickelte didaktische Struktur der Angebote ist hinsichtlich einer differenzierten Kontextualisierung, des Einsatzes narrativer Anker, die Problemlöseaufgaben einleiten, sowie einer phasenweisen Öffnung der Angebote verändert und führt zu besserem Verständnis fachlicher Inhalte und zu einer höheren Motivation.
    Keywords: Science ; Education ; Science ; Physics ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PD Science: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JN Education ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics
    Language: German
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  • 87
    Publication Date: 2023-02-01
    Description: Die professionelle Unterrichtswahrnehmung ist eine zentrale und situative Fähigkeit, die (angehende) Lehrkräfte befähigt, Lernprozesse im Unterricht zu erkennen, mithilfe ihres professionellen Wissens zu interpretieren und anschließend lernförderliche Handlungspläne abzuleiten. Der vorliegenden Arbeit liegt die Forschungsfrage zugrunde, ob diese Fähigkeit mit einem physikspezifischen Fokus mithilfe eines Instruments - bestehend aus inszenierten Unterrichtsvideos und einem teilweise geschlossenen Fragebogen - valide erfasst werden kann. Ein solches Instrument könnte dazu dienen, herauszufinden, ob die professionelle Unterrichtswahrnehmung domänenspezifisch ist (Hypothese 1) und ob diese situative Fähigkeit entlang der universitären Ausbildung eine Progression erfährt (Hypothese 2).  Die Ergebnisse der Arbeit ergeben 19 Items (EAP Reliabilität liegt bei 0.698), mit denen eine physikspezifische professionelle Unterrichtswahrnehmung gemessen werden kann. Weitere Analysen (zur Korrelation mit dem physikdidaktischen Wissen und der Abhängigkeit von studiumsbezogenen Daten) stützen die Konstruktvalidität des Tests. In Bezug auf Hypothese 1 hat sich wie erwartet gezeigt, dass die physikspezifische professionelle Unterrichtswahrnehmung signifikant von dem studierten Fach und dem Studiengang abhängt. Anders als erwartet ergeben die Ergebnisse zur Hypothese 2, dass die professionelle Unterrichtswahrnehmung aber nicht signifikant vom Studienfortschritt abhängt.
    Keywords: Education ; Science ; Physics ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JN Education ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics
    Language: German
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  • 88
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    Logos Verlag Berlin | Logos Verlag Berlin
    Publication Date: 2023-02-02
    Description: Erkenntnisgewinnung ist in den Naturwissenschaften untrennbar mit wissenschaftlichen Kontroversen verknüpft, die auch für den Physikunterricht einen Bildungswert besitzen, insbesondere im Hinblick auf kritische Urteilsbildung, Multiperspektivität und ein angemessenes Nature-of-Science-Verständnis. Basierend auf einer Charakterisierung wissenschaftlicher Kontroversen wird am Beispiel der Frage nach der Relativität der Masse in der Speziellen Relativitätstheorie in einer explorativ-qualitativen Studie untersucht, wie Physiklehrkräfte und Physiklehramtsstudierende mit einer solchen Kontroverse umgehen und inwieweit sie deren Bildungswert nutzen. Dazu werden sowohl Gedankenauflistungen, die von den Befragten nach dem Lesen von Textmaterialien zu den unterschiedlichen Fachpositionen erstellt wurden, als auch Antworten zu verschiedenen Textvignetten mit Hilfe der qualitativen Inhaltsanalyse ausgewertet. Insgesamt zeigt sich, dass die Studierenden häufiger offen gegenüber den kontroversen fachwissenschaftlichen Positionen sind als die Lehrkräfte. Unterschiede in Bezug auf die Realisierung des Bildungswertes im Unterrichtskontext werden mithilfe von fünf Typen systematisch beschrieben. Ein Großteil der Befragten weist dabei Ansätze zur Umsetzung von Kontroversität im Physikunterricht auf. Die Mehrheit vertritt auch eine eigene fachwissenschaftliche Position und ein Teil der Befragten nutzt die wissenschaftliche Kontroverse zur Thematisierung von Nature-of-Science-Aspekten.
    Keywords: Education ; Science ; Physics ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JN Education ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics
    Language: German
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  • 89
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    World Scientific Publishing Company | World Scientific
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: The Large Hadron Collider (LHC), located at CERN, Geneva, Switzerland, is the world's largest and highest energy and highest intensity particle accelerator. Here is a timely book with several perspectives on the hoped-for discoveries from the LHC.This book provides an overview on the techniques that will be crucial for finding new physics at the LHC, as well as perspectives on the importance and implications of the discoveries. Among the accomplished contributors to this book are leaders and visionaries in the field of particle physics beyond the Standard Model, including two Nobel Laureates (Steven Weinberg and Frank Wilczek), and presumably some future Nobel Laureates, plus top younger theorists and experimenters. With its blend of popular and technical contents, the book will have wide appeal, not only to physical scientists but also to those in related fields.
    Keywords: Physics ; High Energy Physics / Particle Physics ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics
    Language: English
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  • 90
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    Logos Verlag Berlin | Logos Verlag Berlin
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: Fachdidaktisches Wissen gilt als wichtige Gelingensbedingung für einen professionell durchgeführten Unterricht. Positive Selbstwirksamkeitserwartungen, vielfältige Unterrichtskompetenzen sowie eine befürwortende Einstellung gegenüber der Reflexion von Unterricht sind darüber hinaus Indikatoren einer gelingenden Professionalisierung. Professionelle Handlungskompetenz entwickelt sich vornehmlich, wenn angehende Lehrkräfte die Gelegenheit bekommen theoretische Wissensanteile in der Praxis umzusetzen und diesen Transfer zu reflektieren. Die unreflektierte Absolvierung von Unterrichtspraktika birgt nämlich die Gefahr eines "Praxisschocks". Um dem vorzubeugen, ist es förderlich, praktische Studienanteile in ihrer Komplexität sukzessive zu steigern. Es wird davon ausgegangen, dass Lehr-Lern-Labore (LLL) diesen Anforderungen genügen. In der vorliegenden Arbeit wurde die professionalisierende Wirkung dieses Veranstaltungskonzepts am Beispiel des LLL "Schwimmen, Schweben, Sinken" multimethodisch untersucht. Dabei wurden Gruppendiskussionen und Interviews, eine hoch inferente Fremdeinschätzungserhebung sowie eine Prä-Post-Fragebogenstudie mit Studierenden der Bachelorstudiengänge Lehramt Physik sowie Grundschulpädagogik (Sachunterricht) an der Freien Universität Berlin durchgeführt. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass Lehr-Lern-Labor-Veranstaltungen einen wichtigen Beitrag zur Anbahnung sowie zur Unterstützung der Professionalisierung von Lehrkräften bereits während des Studiums leisten können, ohne dass es zum "Praxisschock" kommt.
    Keywords: Science ; Education ; Science ; Physics ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PD Science: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JN Education ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics
    Language: German
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  • 91
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    Logos Verlag Berlin | Logos Verlag Berlin
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: Eine lernendenorientierte und adaptive Gestaltung von Unterricht erfordert von den Lehrkräften, dass sie vorhandene Kompetenzen und Lernprozesse der Schülerinnen und Schüler diagnostizieren. Außerdem müssen sie die Anforderungen von Aufgaben mit Blick auf deren Passung zu den Lernprozessen der Schülerinnen und Schüler analysieren können. Eine derart verstandene "diagnostische Kompetenz" wird als zentrales Professionalisierungsziel von Lehrkräften angesehen. Vor diesem Hintergrund wurden die diagnostischen Prozesse von acht Studierenden mit den Fächern Physik und Mathematik in zwei aufeinander folgenden Lehrveranstaltungen zur Diagnostik untersucht, um Potentiale und Lernhindernisse im Kompetenzaufbau zu identifizieren. In beiden Veranstaltungen bildeten Vignetten von Lernprozessen den Ausgangspunkt für studentische Diagnosen. Forschungsgegenstand waren u.a. schriftliche Diagnosen der Studierenden im Prä-Post-Vergleich sowie auf Video aufgezeichnete studentische Diskurse bei der Diagnose von Lernprozessen der Schülerinnen und Schüler. Die Analysen erfassen u.a., auf welche Komponenten eines Diagnoseprozesses die Studierenden in welcher Weise Bezug nehmen und welche (fach-) didaktischen überlegungen bzw. Theoriebezüge sie in ihren Diagnosen als Referenzpunkte nutzen. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass auf struktureller Ebene zwar alle Komponenten thematisiert, aber inhaltlich nicht entlang einer typischen Abfolge miteinander verbunden werden. Trotz inhaltlicher Prompts wird nur selten explizit auf Theoriebezüge zurückgegriffen.
    Keywords: Mathematics ; Education ; Science ; Physics ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PB Mathematics ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JN Education ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics
    Language: German
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  • 92
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    Logos Verlag Berlin | Logos Verlag Berlin
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: The main focus of this thesis is the discussion of stability of an objective (atomic) structure consisting of single atoms which interact via a potential. We define atomistic stability using a second derivative test. More precisely, atomistic stability is equivalent to a vanishing first derivative of the configurational energy (at the corresponding point) and the coerciveness of the second derivative of the configurational energy with respect to an appropriate semi-norm. Atomistic stability of a lattice is well understood, see, e.,g., [40]. The aim of this thesis is to generalize the theory to objective structures. In particular, we first investigate discrete subgroups of the Euclidean group, then define an appropriate seminorm and the atomistic stability for a given objective structure, and finally provide an efficient algorithm to check its atomistic stability. The algorithm particularly checks the validity of the Cauchy-Born rule for objective structures. To illustrate our results, we prove numerically the stability of a carbon nanotube by applying the algorithm.
    Keywords: Mathematics ; Science ; Physics ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PB Mathematics ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics
    Language: English
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  • 93
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Die Optimierung dynamischer Dichtsysteme ist eine kostengünstige Methode zur Erhöhung der Wirkungsgrade, Lebensdauer und Betriebssicherheit von Turbomaschinen. Zuverlässige und effiziente Dichtsysteme lassen sich nur realisieren, wenn die Anstreifvorgänge zwischen rotierenden und statischen Komponenten sowie ihre Folgen schon bei der Auslegung berücksichtigt und im Betrieb beherrscht werden können. Bis heute sind die physikalischen Vorgänge beim Anstreifen jedoch nur unzureichend verstanden und es fehlen zuverlässige Modellierungsansätze für ihre Vorhersage. Die vorliegende Arbeit liefert einen essentiellen Beitrag zum Verständnis des Anstreifverhaltens und somit zur Optimierung einlaufender dynamischer Dichtsysteme mit Fokus auf Labyrinthdichtungen mit Einlaufbelägen aus Hohlkörperstrukturen. Mit Hilfe aufwändiger experimenteller Untersuchungen wird in dieser Arbeit ein tiefergreifendes physikalisches Verständnis der Anstreifvorgänge bereitgestellt. Die experimentell gewonnenen Erkenntnisse bilden schließlich die Grundlage für die Entwicklung eines Modellierungsansatzes, der erstmals unter Berücksichtigung aller Einflussparameter die zuverlässige Vorhersage des Anstreifverhaltens einlaufender Labyrinthdichtungen ermöglicht.
    Keywords: Technology & Engineering ; Construction ; Technology & Engineering ; Science ; Physics ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TN Civil engineering, surveying and building::TNK Building construction and materials ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics
    Language: German
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  • 94
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: Formeln sind eine wichtige mathematische Darstellungsform im Physikunterricht. Jedoch haben Lernende häufig Schwierigkeiten bei der Verbalisierung der inhaltlichen Bedeutung von Formeln. Dies wirft die Frage auf, wie Lehrende diese inhaltliche Seite von Formeln vermitteln. Der Theorieteil stellt den Empiriestand zu den Themenkomplexen Formeln und Kommunikation, Alltagssprache, Unterrichts -sprache und Fachsprache im Physikunterricht ausführlich dar. Auf Grundlage sprachwissenschaftlicher Überlegungen wurde ein Ebenenmodell der Versprachlichung von Formeln entwickelt und durch Lehrbuchanalysen validiert, mit dessen Hilfe das Sprechen von und über Formeln analysiert werden kann. In einer qualitativen, explorativ ausgerichteten Feldstudie wurde Physikunterricht von 10 Lehrenden zum elektrischen Widerstand beobachtet und ihre Sprache mit Hilfe der qualitativen Inhaltsanalyse und des entwickelten Ebenenmodells ausgewertet. Das entstandene Kategoriensystem zeigt ein vielfältiges Sprechen über Formeln, das viele Aspekte von Formelverständnis abdeckt. Eine explizite qualitative Interpretation von Formeln bleibt jedoch meist aus. Es zeigt sich in vielen Aspekten ein eher technischer Umgang mit Formeln, der die strukturelle Rolle der Mathematik vernachlässigt. Das Sprechen der Lehrenden im Umgang mit Formeln kann als entweder fachsprachlich, schülernah oder ausgewogen, in einigen Fällen zusätzlich als reflektierend charakterisiert werden.
    Keywords: Mathematics ; Education ; Science ; Physics ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PB Mathematics ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JN Education ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics
    Language: German
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  • 95
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    Logos Verlag Berlin | Logos Verlag Berlin
    Publication Date: 2023-03-03
    Description: Die fortschreitende Digitalisierung erleichtert den Einsatz von computergestützten Experimentiergelegenheiten in Schule und Universität. Dabei ermöglichen solche Experimente Lernenden eigenständige Erfahrungen mit neuen Fachinhalten. Im Rahmen der vorliegenden Arbeit wurde ein lernerzentriertes und webbasiertes Angebot entwickelt, mit dem Lernende selbstständig Experimente zur Elektronenbewegung in Feldern durchführen können. Dabei wurden verschiedene Möglichkeiten zur Unterstützung der Lernprozesse, die der Einsatz digitaler Endgeräte mit sich bringt, realisiert - dies sind u.a. der Einsatz von Augmented Reality, ergänzenden Visualisierungen und automatisiertem Feedback. Doch über die Häufigkeit und die Art der Nutzung entsprechender Angebote in Schule und beim selbstständigen Lernen gibt es bisher nur wenige empirisch abgesicherte Erkenntnisse. Daher wurde hierzu eine Nutzungsanalyse mithilfe von Usertracking durchgeführt. Diese zeigt, dass das Angebot sowohl im Unterricht als auch beim selbstständigen Lernen sehr häufig genutzt wird, und deckt auf, welche Elemente zu einer intensiven Nutzung des Angebotes führen. Weiter wurde in einer Laborstudie die Wirkung von Multiplen Repräsentationen auf den Erfolg beim experimentellen Hypothesenprüfen und den wahrgenommenen Cognitive Load untersucht. Hier zeigte sich, dass integrierte, dynamisch verlinkte Repräsentationen die Nutzer unterstützen, aber keinen zusätzlichen Cognitive Load verursachen. Dies sollte bei der Gestaltung zukünftiger Angebote berücksichtigt werden.
    Keywords: Education ; Science ; Physics ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JN Education ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics
    Language: German
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    World Scientific Publishing Company | World Scientific
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: This book is a collection of theoretical advanced summer institute lectures by world experts in the field of collider physics and neutrinos, the two frontier areas of particle physics today. It is aimed at graduate students and beginning researchers, and as such, provides many pedagogical details not generally available in standard conference proceedings.
    Keywords: Physics ; High Energy Physics / Particle Physics ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics::PHN Nuclear physics
    Language: English
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  • 97
    Publication Date: 2023-02-01
    Description: Niedrige Studienerfolgsquoten in den Studiengängen Physik und Lehramt Physik sind sowohl aus bildungspolitischer und institutioneller Sicht als auch aus individueller Perspektive erfolglos Studierender eine Herausforderung. Bisher gibt es nur wenige empirische Studien, die Gründe für niedrige Studienerfolgsquoten bestimmen. Von dieser Situation ausgehend, zielte diese Arbeit auf die Erfassung domänenspezifischer Eingangsvoraussetzungen von Studienanfängerinnen und -anfängern, um daraus mögliche Prädiktoren für einen Studienerfolg zu bestimmen. Den Kern der Arbeit bildet die Konzeption und Evaluation eines Testinstruments zu Studieneingangsvoraussetzungen. Das Instrument umfasst einen Vorwissenstest in Mathematik und Physik sowie einen Test zu domänenspezifischen Verhaltensweisen und Einstellungen. Das selbstentwickelte Instrument wurde bei N = 116 Studierenden eingesetzt, um die Prognosekraft der gemessenen Konstrukte auf einen möglichen Studienerfolg zu schätzen. Dabei zeigte sich der Physikteil des Vorwissenstests in Verbindung mit der Hochschulzugangsberechtigungsnote als signifikanter Prädiktor für den Studienerfolg gemessen am Studienverbleib nach drei Semestern. Dieses Ergebnis stellt im Wesentlichen eine Replikation bereits bekannter Erkenntnisse dar. Es konnten erste Hinweise gefunden werden, dass sich lernzielorientierte Einstellungen positiv auf den Studienerfolg auswirken können.
    Keywords: Social Science ; Statistics ; Education ; Science ; Physics ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JH Sociology & anthropology::JHB Sociology::JHBC Social research & statistics ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JN Education ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics
    Language: German
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  • 98
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    Logos Verlag Berlin | Logos Verlag Berlin
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: Die Quantenphysik bildet schon heute das Fundament zahlreicher aktueller Technologien. Zukünftige Quantentechnologien, wie Quantencomputer, werden sowohl in der Industrie als auch für die Gesellschaft an Bedeutung gewinnen. In vielen nationalen und internationalen Schulcurricula ist die Quantenphysik als Thema für den Physikunterricht mittlerweile fest verankert. Aber trotz des enormen Bedeutungszuwachses von Quantentechnologien ist der Unterricht zur Quantenphysik an Schulen nach wie vor von semi-klassischen Modellen und quasi-historischen Zugängen geprägt, während moderne Begriffe der Quantenphysik häufig unberücksichtigt bleiben. Die Folge sind oft klassisch-mechanistisch geprägte Vorstellungen Lernender zur Quantenphysik. Hier setzt diese Arbeit an: mit dem Erlanger Unterrichtskonzept zur Quantenoptik wird ein Konzept vorgestellt, mit dem Lernende der gymnasialen Oberstufe Quanteneffekte anhand quantenoptischer Experimente kennen lernen. Konzepte der Quantenoptik, wie die Präparation von Quantenzuständen, die Antikorrelation am Strahlteiler und die Einzelphotoneninterferenz verhelfen Lernenden zu einem modernen Bild über Quantenphysik. Im Rahmen einer summativen Evaluation im Mixed-Methods-Design mit 171 Schülerinnen und Schülern zeigte sich, dass Lernende mit dem Erlanger Unterrichtskonzept zu quantenphysikalisch dominierten Vorstellungen gelangen und verbreitete Lernschwierigkeiten vermieden werden können.
    Keywords: Science ; Science ; Physics ; Technology & Engineering ; Agriculture ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PD Science: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TV Agriculture and farming
    Language: German
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  • 99
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    Logos Verlag Berlin | Logos Verlag Berlin
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: Sound power describes the emission of sound from sound sources. Despite today's state-of-the art measurement techniques, the current sound power determination methods are restricted due to various limitations. To overcome these limitations, a new sound power determination method is proposed, aiming at the establishment of traceability in airborne sound. This will enable the characterization of a sound source by its free field sound power. The dissertation describes a study on the dissemination process, which will allow the sound power of a device under test located at a real surrounding environment, to be referred to its free field sound power. Apart from the sound power, the corresponding uncertainty may be estimated in a transparent way, where each uncertainty component is provided. The basic tool for the dissemination process is the substitution method using aerodynamic reference sound sources, applied to both sound pressure and sound intensity measurements. Initially, a theoretical investigation deals with the factors that influence the substitution method. Experimental results are then presented based on measurements using a specially designed scanning apparatus. The transition from calibration to in situ conditions and the required correction, due to changes in environmental and operational conditions, is then discussed. In the last section, the sound power level of devices under test is determined along with its related uncertainty, which is further compared to the up-to-date uncertainty values.
    Keywords: Science ; Physics ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics
    Language: English
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  • 100
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    World Scientific Publishing Company | World Scientific
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: The book provides a comprehensive account of particle physics linking various aspects of particle physics in a coherent manner. This self-contained book not only cover basic concepts and recent developments but also overlaps between Astrophysics, Cosmology and Particle Physics, known as astroparticle physics. Several appendices are included to make the book self-contained.
    Keywords: Physics ; Particle Physics/high Energy Physics, Quantum Fields ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics::PHV Applied physics::PHVB Astrophysics
    Language: English
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