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  • Books  (1)
  • Articles  (3)
  • haulm destruction  (2)
  • Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy  (1)
  • Archaeology.  (1)
  • 1
    ISSN: 1871-4528
    Keywords: haulm destruction ; haulm pulling ; immature-crop-harvesting ; pencycuron ; soil infestation ; Solanum tuberosum ; stem canker
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary A two year field experiment was conducted twice to assess effects of chemical soil disinfection at planting and methods of harvesting potatoes on stem infection withRhizoctonia solani in the subsequent year. In the first year of the experiments seven methods. including one with soil disinfection at planting, were applied in August. In the following year,R. solani stem and stolon infection (disease severity) on potato plants were assessed in June. Soil treatment at planting with pencycuron resulted in lowest disease severity in the following year. Compared with chemical haulm killing and haulm pulling. immature-crop-harvesting also resulted in a lower disease severity, but only when black scurf was scarce on tubers at harvest in the preceding year.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: The syn/anti-arrangement of some substituents R in position 1 of endo-dicyclopentadiene derivatives is investigated by 1H-and 13C n.m.r. spectroscopy. The HH-coupling constants of the epimeric alcohols 2 and 3 are determined by paramagnetic shift experiments [Eu(fod)3] and the observed relative paramagnetic shifts ΔEu used for the determination of the configuration. The increasing steric compression in the syn-epimers is well reflected by the 1H- and 13C n.m.r. chemical shifts.
    Notes: Die syn/anti-Stellung einer Reihe Substituenten R in 1-Stellung am endo-Dicyclopentadien wird mit 1H- und 13 C-NMR-Spektroskopie untersucht. Die HH-Kopplungskonstanten der epimeren Alkohole 2 und 3 werden durch Experimente unter Zuhilfenahme von paramagnetischen Verschiebungsreagenzien[Eu(fod)3] bestimmt und die beobachteten relativen paramagnetischen Verschiebungen ΔEu gleichzeitig zur Konfigurations-bestimmung herangezogen. Die bei syn-Anordnung der Substituenten zunehmende sterische Spannung im Molekül spiegeln 1 H- und 13C-chemische Verschiebungen sehr gut wider.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Keywords: Archaeology. ; Physical geography. ; Social sciences. ; Humanities. ; Archaeology. ; Earth System Sciences. ; Humanities and Social Sciences.
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1. Prehistoric Archaeology of the European Continental Shelf: Introduction and Overview (Geoff Bailey, Nena Galanidou, Hans Peeters, Hauke Jöns and Moritz Mennenga) -- Part I: The Baltic and Scandinavia -- Chapter 2. The Baltic and Scandinavia: Introduction (Geoff Bailey and Hauke Jöns) -- Chapter 3. Denmark: Mesolithic Coastal Landscapes Submerged (Geoff Bailey, Søren Andersen and Thijs Maarleveld) -- Chapter 4. Sweden: Submerged Landscapes of the Early Mesolithic (Björn Nilsson, Anton Hansson and Arne Sjöström) -- Chapter 5. Germany: Submerged Sites in the South-Western Baltic and the Wadden Sea (Hauke Jöns, Friedrich Lüth, Svea Mahlstedt, Julia Goldhammer, Sönke Hartz and Hans-Joachim Kühn) -- Chapter 6. Norway: Submerged Stone Age from a Norwegian Perspective (Håkon Glørstad, Jostein Gundersen, Frode Kvalø, Pål Nymoen, David Simpson and Birgitte Skar) -- Part II: The Atlantic Margin and the North Sea -- Chapter 7. The Atlantic Margin and the North Sea: Introduction (Hans Peeters, Fraser Sturt and Kieran Westley) -- Chapter 8. The Netherlands: Probing into the Submerged Prehistoric Archaeology, Landscapes and Palaeontology of the Dutch Continental Shelf (Hans Peeters and Luc Amkreutz) -- Chapter 9. Belgium: Prehistoric and Protohistoric Archaeology in the Intertidal and Subtidal Zones of the North Sea (Marnix Pieters, Tine Missiaen, Maikel De Clercq, Ine Demerre and Sven Van Haelst) -- Chapter 10. Great Britain: The Intertidal and Underwater Archaeology of Britain’s Submerged Landscapes (Geoff Bailey, Garry Momber, Martin Bell, Louise Tizzard, Karen Hardy, Lauren Tidbury, Jonathan Benjamin, Andrew Bicket and Alex Hale) -- Chapter 11. Ireland: Submerged Prehistoric Sites and Landscapes (Kieran Westley and Peter Woodman) -- Chapter 12. France: Submerged Prehistory on Atlantic and Mediterranean Coasts (Cyrille Billard, Marie-Yvane Daire and Chloé Martin, with contributions by Yves Billaud, Catherine Bizien-Jaglin, Antoine Chancerel, Dominique Cliquet, Nathalie Fourment, Henri Gandois, Briagell Huet, Marine Laforge, Loïc Langouët, Luc Laporte, Jean-Marc Large, Frédéric Leroy, Elias López-Romero, Léopold Maurel, Jean-Laurent Monnier, Pierre Régaldo, Anne Ropars, Pierre Stéphan and Luc Vallin) -- Chapter 13. Spain: Underwater Exploration on a Narrow Continental Shelf (Pablo Arias) -- Chapter 14. Portugal: Intertidal Archaeology and Submerged Coastal Landscapes (Nuno Bicho, Leandro Infantini and João Marreiros) -- Part III: The Mediterranean and the Black Sea -- Chapter 15. The Mediterranean and the Black Sea: Introduction (Nena Galanidou and Geoff Bailey) -- Chapter 16. Italy: The Archaeology of Palaeoshorelines, Coastal Caves and Seafaring Connections (Elena Flavia Castagnino Berlinghieri, Fabrizio Antonioli and Geoff Bailey) -- Chapter 17. Malta: Submerged Landscapes and Early Navigation (Timmy Gambin) -- Chapter 18. Croatia: Submerged Prehistoric Sites in a Karstic Landscape (Irena Radić Rossi, Ivor Karavanić and Valerija Butorac) -- Chapter 19. Greece: Unstable Landscapes and Underwater Archaeology (Nena Galanidou, Katerina Dellaporta and Dimitris Sakellariou) -- Chapter 20. Bulgaria: Sea-Level Change and Submerged Settlements on the Black Sea (Preslav Peev, Helen Farr, Vladimir Slavchev, Michael J Grant, Jon Adams and Geoff Bailey) -- Chapter 21. The Ukraine: In Search of Submerged Late Palaeolithic Sites on the North-Western Black Sea Shelf (Sergey Kadurin, Valentina Yanko-Hombach and Olena Smyntyna) -- Chapter 22. Cyprus: The Submerged Final Palaeolithic of Aspros Dive Site C (Albert J Ammerman) -- Chapter 23. Israel: Submerged Prehistoric Sites and Settlements on the Mediterranean Coastline—the Current State of the Art (Ehud Galili, Baruch Rosen, Mina Weinstein Evron, Israel Hershkovitz, Vered Eshed and Liora Kolska Horwitz) -- Part IV: The Legal, Historical and Industrial Context of Underwater Heritage -- Chapter 24. The Legal, Historical and Industrial Context of Underwater Heritage: Introduction (Hans Peeters, Geoff Bailey and Nena Galanidou) -- Chapter 25. Continental Shelf Archaeology and International Law (Sarah Dromgoole) -- Chapter 26. Seabed Infrastructure Projects, Underwater Cultural Heritage and The Environmental Assessment Process: The UK Example (Christopher Pater) -- Chapter 27. Beam Trawls and Bones: A Reflection on Dutch Fisheries (Thijs J. Maarleveld) -- Appendix.
    Abstract: This open access volume provides for the first time a comprehensive description and scientific evaluation of underwater archaeological finds referring to human occupation of the continental shelf around the coastlines of Europe and the Mediterranean when sea levels were lower than present. These are the largest body of underwater finds worldwide, amounting to over 2500 find spots, ranging from individual stone tools to underwater villages with unique conditions of preservation. The material reviewed here ranges in date from the Lower Palaeolithic period to the Bronze Age and covers 20 countries bordering all the major marine basins from the Atlantic coasts of Ireland and Norway to the Black Sea, and from the western Baltic to the eastern Mediterranean. The finds from each country are presented in their archaeological context, with information on the history of discovery, conditions of preservation and visibility, their relationship to regional changes in sea-level and coastal geomorphology, and the institutional arrangements for their investigation and protection. Editorial introductions summarise the findings from each of the major marine basins. There is also a final section with extensive discussion of the historical background and the legal and regulatory frameworks that inform the management of the underwater cultural heritage and collaboration between offshore industries, archaeologists and government agencies. The volume is based on the work of COST Action TD0902 SPLASHCOS, a multi-disciplinary and multi-national research network supported by the EU-funded COST organisation (European Cooperation in Science and Technology). The primary readership is research and professional archaeologists, marine and Quaternary scientists, cultural-heritage managers, commercial and governmental organisations, policy makers, and all those with an interest in the sea floor of the continental shelf and the human impact of changes in climate, sea-level and coastal geomorphology.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XXVIII, 561 p. 278 illus., 242 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2020.
    ISBN: 9783030373672
    Series Statement: Coastal Research Library, 35
    DDC: 930.1
    Language: English
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Potato research 22 (1979), S. 29-39 
    ISSN: 1871-4528
    Keywords: roots ; stolons ; tubers ; haulm destruction ; harvest date
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung In diesem Artikel wird der Fortlauf der Infektion durchRhizoctonia solani Kühn an Wurzeln. Stolonen und Knollen beschrieben. Ferner wird der Einfluss der Krautvernichtung und des zeitlichen Abstandes zwischen ihr und der Ernte auf diese Infektion untersucht. Pflanzknollen der Sorte Majestic wurden am Kronenende direkt vor dem Auspflanzen mit vier Isolaten vonR. solani (aus Sklerotien von Kartoffelknollen) inokuliert. An den ausgelesenen Knollen war keine Pockenkrankheit sichtbar. Das Kraut wurde an einem von fünf Daten gespritzt resp, nicht gespritzt und die Pflanzen nachher in Intervallen geerntet (Tabelle 1). Wurzel- und Stolonenteile wurden gewaschen, dann auf Leitungswasseragar, das 50 mg Neomycin und Chloramphenicol proliter enthielt, gebracht und vor der Beurteilung auf Rhizoctoniabefall während 48 Stunden bei Zimmertemperatur bebrütet. Die Pflanzknollen wurden gemäss Tabelle 2 auf Sklerotienbefall beurteilt. Zur Reifeschätzung wurde jede Knolle der Länge nach geschnitten und der Prozentsatz des Periderms notiert, das mit einer Pinzette entfernt werden konnte, wenn man am Kronenende begann. Die Kontrollpflanzen hatten bis Mitte September bei nur beschränkter lokaler Infektion durchR. solani (Abb. 1 und 2) relativ gesunde Untergrundsysteme. In den folgenden drei Wochen reiften die Knollenperiderme. Wurzeln und Stolonen wurden weitgehend vom Pilz besiedelt. Folglich änderte sich die Nährstoffversorgung des Pilzes, eine Situation, von der man weiss, dass sie die Entwicklung zur Sklerotienbildung fördert. Mitte September widerspiegelt sich die Änderung in der Ernährung in einem Ansteigen der Anzahl von Knollen mit Pocken und in deren Ausdehnung auf den Knollen (Abb. 3 und 4). Krautvernichtung mit Säure Anfang August führte zu einer Zunahme der Pockenkrankheit, was anfänglich auf eine Zunahme der Wurzel- und Stoloneninfektion, später aber auf den Grad der Knollenreife (Abb. 5) in Beziehung stand.: Später, im August, wurden die Krankheitszunahmen mit Knollenänderungen wie mit Wurzel- und Stoloneninfektion gleichlaufend. Die Säureanwendung Mitte September geschah an alternden Pflanzen und änderte das an Kontrollpflanzen beobachtete Infektionsbild wenig.
    Abstract: Résumé Cet article décrit l'évolution de la contamination, parRhizoctonia solani Kühn, des racines, stolons et tubercules de pommes de terre, et examine l'influence du défanage et de l'intervalle défanagerécolté sur une telle contamination. Des tubercules de la variété Majestic n'étant pas visuellement porteurs de sclérotes ont été inoculés à la couronne, juste avant la plantation, avec 4 souches deR. solani provenant de sclérotes sur tubercules de pommes de terre. Les tiges ont été ou n'ont pas été défanées à 5 dates différentes et on a récolté ensuite les tubercules à intervalles réguliers (tableau 1). Les fragments de racines et de stolons ont été lavés, placés sur une gelose à l'eau du robinet, contenant 50 mg de néomycin et de chloramphénicol par litre, et mis à incuber 48 heures à température ambiante avant notation de l'infection parR. solani. La notation des sclérotes sur tuberculesfils a été effectuée comme cela est indiqué dans le tableau 2. Comme estimation de la ‘maturité’ chaque tubercule a été coupé selon l'axe longitudinal et on a noté le pourcentage de périderme, en partant de la couronne qui a pu être enlevé avec des pinces. Les plantes témoins ont eu leurs systémes souterrains relativement sains jusqu'à la mi-septembre avec des contaminations locales parR. solani, limitées (figures 1 & 2). Les trois semaines suivantes, la maturité des tubercules a augmenté et les racines et stolons ont été fortement contaminés par le champignon. Le support nutritionnel du champignon a donc été altéré, cet élément connu permet de stimuler la maturité des sclérotes en cours de formation. Vers la mi-septembre, des changements nutritionnels se sont soldés par une augmentation du nombre de tubercules porteurs de sclérotes et par l'extension de ces derniers (figures 3 & 4). Le défanage aux colorants nitrés début août a entrainé une augmentation des sclérotes, qui s'était manifestée initialement par une augmentation de la contamination des racines et stolons, et plus tard au niveau du degré de maturité du tubercule (figure 5). Plus tardivement en août, l'augmentation des sclérotes allait de paire avec le changement de tubercule et avec la contamination des racines et stolons. Vers la mi-septembre, le défanage sur des plantes proches de la senescence a eu un léger effet sur la contamination des plantes témoins.
    Notes: Summary The development of the sclerotia (black scurf) ofRhizoctonia solani Kühn, on potato tubers is related to tuber maturity and the health of the root and stolon systems. Few sclerotia formed on tubers from untreated plants until the onset of plant senescence when, as the tubers matured and roots and stolons decayed, sclerotia developed both rapidly and extensively. Application of acid to haulms in early August led to an increase in black scurf on tubers, initially related to the increase in root and stolon infection, but especially after later harvests, to the degree of tuber maturity. Later in August, scurf increases were paralleled both by tuber changes and root and stolon infection. My mid-September, when acid application was to plants becoming senescent, there was little difference between patterns of infection found on treated and check plants.
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