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  • Articles  (865)
  • AERODYNAMICS
  • Biochemistry and Biotechnology
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Quantitative cytochemistry of blood neutrophils in myelodysplastic syndromes and chronic granulocytic leukaemia (1983)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 1 (1983), S. 92-96 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Blood cells ; leukaemia ; myelodysplasia ; cytochemistry ; neutrophils ; microdensitometer ; lysosomes ; preleukaemia ; maturation ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Quantitative cytochemistry of components of blood neutrophil azurophilic granules (myeloperoxidase, chloroacetate esterase, β-glucuronidase, and acid phosphatase) and specific granules (lactoferrin) has been performed by scanning and integrating micro-densitometry in 13 patients with a myelodysplastic syndrome and 11 patients with chronic granulocytic leukaemia. Both patient groups showed a reduction of enzyme activity in azurophilic granules, and also of lactoferrin, consistent with abnormal development of neutrophil granules. These cytochemical changes in blood neutrophils are similar to those found in acute myeloid leukaemia, are consistent with a leukaemic maturation defect, and may be of diagnostic value.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cbf.290010209
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Biochemistry of the polyamines (1983)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 1 (1983), S. 131-140 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Biochemistry ; polyamines ; putrescine ; spermidine ; spermine ; ornithine decarboxylase ; biosynthesis ; cell proliferation ; oxidized polyamines ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The naturally-occurring polyamines exist in the free form, as N-acetyl derivatives and bound to protein. Their biosynthesis is subject to sensitive control, particularly of ornithine decarboxylase. This enzyme may be multifunctional and a key regulatory protein. Studies, principally with selective inhibitors, have elucidated the roles of polyamines in cell proliferation. Oxidized polyamines, in contrast, can be potent mitotic inhibitors. These effects are reviewed in terms of their chemistry and biochemistry. Their principal distinctions are that they can be made or degraded intracellularly, they can associate electrostatically with macromolecules by means of their spaced cationic groups, and these can be readily converted to covalent bonds.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cbf.290010302
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Age-dependent changes in in vivo ethanol metabolism and in the activity of hepatic enzymes involved in ethanol oxidation and microsomal functions (1988)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 6 (1988), S. 7-12 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Aging ; ethanol metabolism ; alcohol dehydrogenase ; microsomal functions ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The study of the influence of the age of the animals (13 to 53 weeks) on the rate of ethanol metabolism in vivo and the total activity of liver alcohol dehydrogenase and microsomal ethanol oxidizing system showed a progressive decline with age. These effects were observed concomitantly with a diminution in the content of cytochrome P-450 and microsomal functions related to oxidative and free-radical mediated reactions, namely, NADPH oxidase activity, NADPH-dependent oxygen uptake and NADPH-or t-butyl hydroperoxide-induced chemiluminescence. It is concluded that ageing is accompanied by a diminution in the total oxidative activity of the liver tissue, which would explain the depression in basal and ethanol-induced lipid peroxidation found in the oldest group of rats studied.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cbf.290060103
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Aerobic glycolysis of bone and cartilage: The possible involvement of fatty acid oxidation (1983)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 1 (1983), S. 168-172 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Bone ; aerobic glycolysis ; fatty acid oxidation ; cartilage ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The apparent paradox of aerobic glycolysis has been investigated in bone and in cartilage. A new cytochemical procedure for hydroxyacyl dehydrogenase (HOAD) activity showed that the maximal activity of this enzyme in both tissues was equivalent to the maximal activity of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPD). The sum of these activities gave a measure of the maximum amount of acetyl-coenzyme A that could be produced. In these tissues, but not in liver which does not exhibit aerobic glycolysis, this summed value exceeded the maximal activity of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH). Consequently, it suggested that where fatty acid oxidation is sufficient to supply all the acetyl-coenzyme A required for the Krebs' cycle, that derived from fatty acid oxidation may inhibit pyruvate dehydrogenase causing accumulation of pyruvate which must be converted to lactate if pentose-shunt activity is to be maintained.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cbf.290010309
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Quantitative cytochemical analyses of ovarian luteal and interstitial cell RNA in relation to plasma progestins during pseudopregnancy in the rat (1983)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 1 (1983), S. 173-178 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: RNA ; quantitative cytophotometry ; luteal regression ; ovarian 20α-hydroxypregn-4-ene-3-one ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Luteal and interstial cell RNA contents and circulating progesterone (P) and 20α-hydroxypregn-4-ene-3-one (20α-OH P) levels were measured during pseudopregnancy in order to characterize relationships between ovarian 20α-OH P secretion and luteal regression. Functional luteolysis, as manifested in depressed P levels, was not associated with concurrent elevations in 20α-OH P. Rather, augmented 20α-OH P levels were evidenced in periovulatory periods at the onset and termination of pseudopregnancy, subsequent to RNA accumulation in both luteal and interstitial compartments. It is postulated that 20α-OH P, the putative inactive metabolite of P, is produced by both ovarian compartments in a cyclic manner and in response to gonadotrophin released in the preovulatory period.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cbf.290010310
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Membrane recycling; ciba foundation symposium 92. Editors D. Evered and G. Collins. Pitman Ltd, London. (1982) pp. 310, price: £25.00 ($35.00) (1983)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 1 (1983), S. 186-186 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cbf.290010312
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Allosteric enzymes: Kinetic behaviour. B. I. Kurganov. John Wiley and Sons, £29.95, ISBN 0 471 10195 8, 1982 (Translated from Russian by R. F. Brookes) (1983)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 1 (1983), S. 187-187 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cbf.290010314
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of diterpene forskolin on the release reaction and protein phosphorylation of human platelets (1983)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 1 (1983), S. 179-185 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Blood ; forskolin ; protein phosphorylation ; platelets ; release reaction ; secretion ; cAMP ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The effects of diterpene forskolin on the human platelet release reaction and on platelet protein phosphorylation were studied. This drug is shown to have the same effects as other agents which increase cAMP levels, namely, it inhibits the secretory response to diverse agonists and causes changes in the phosphorylation of several specific proteins. An increase of the 32P content is seen in the MW 47 000, 24 000 and 21 000 polypeptides while a decrease is observed in the MW 41 000 and 27 000 and 20 000 species. Forskolin also inhibits the changes in protein phosphorylation pattern induced by the powerful platelet secretagogue, thrombin. Our results relate the effects of antagonists of platelet secretion such as prostaglandins more closely to changes in cAMP levels and in protein phosphorylation than to other possible effects of the receptor-ligand interaction, which is by-passed by the use of forskolin. Our results also provide additional evidence involving these changes in the mechanisms which regulate the secretory process in platelets.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cbf.290010311
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Studies of the regulation of renal gluconeogenesis in normal and Pi depleted proximal tubule cells (1990)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 8 (1990), S. 31-38 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Proximal tubule ; Pi depletion ; calcium ; phorbol ester ; gluconeogenesis ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Pi depletion of proximal tubule cells isolated from mouse kidney results in a decrease in the cell content of fructose-2,6-bisphosphate and an increase in the rate of gluconeogenesis from pyruvate, malate and succinate. Gluconeogenesis from glycerol is unaffected by Pi depletion. Introduction of fructose-2,6-bisphosphate into the cytosol of ATP-permeabilized cells is accompanied by a fall in gluconeogenesis.The presence of external Ca2+ stimulates gluconeogenesis. When cytosolic Ca2+ is raised to 1·8 μM by permeabilization, the resealed cells still require 2·5 mM Ca2+ in the bathing medium in order to perform gluconeogenesis at the maximum rate. Cells permeabilized in the presence of cAMP show a decreased rate of glucose production. Phorbol ester stimulates gluconeogenesis provided that the phorbol treatment is performed in the absence of Ca2+ ions.It is suggested that Pi depletion may stimulate pyruvate carboxylase activity and facilitate the entry of certain gluconeogenic substrates into mitochondria. It is also proposed that important aspects of the control of renal gluconeogenesis by parathyroid hormone are mediated by protein kinase C.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cbf.290080106
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fructose-1, 6-diphosphate as an in vitro and in vivo anti-alcohol agent in the rat (1990)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 8 (1990), S. 39-47 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Fructose-1, 6-diphosphate (FDP) ; heart slices ; GABA-receptors ; Ca++ entry ; Cl- up-take ; gastric ulcers ; serum transaminases ; diuresis ; narcosis ; dependence and withdrawal symptoms ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Fructose-1, 6-diphosphate (FDP) decreases the effect of ethanol on Ca++ entry and inhibits the ethanol-stimulated phosphate efflux in rat heart slices. FDP also inhibits the ethanol-stimulated [36Cl-]-uptake by rat brain microvesicles and affects the isolated GABA-receptor in a way opposite to that of ethanol. The in vivo effects of FDP include a dose-dependent decrease in ethanol-induced gastric ulcers and a decrease in the serum transaminase levels raised by chronic ethanol administration. Other central actions of ethanol such as diuresis, narcosis, dependence and withdrawal symptoms are also counteracted by FDP.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cbf.290080107
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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evidence of the receptor nature of the binding sites induced in tetrahymena by insulin treatment. A quantitative cytofluorimetric technique for the study of binding kinetics (1990)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 8 (1990), S. 49-56 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Insulin receptor ; unicellular model system ; Tetrahymena ; hormonal imprinting ; quantitative cytofluorimetric technique ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Tetrahymena pyriformis GL cells pretreated (imprinted) and not pretreated with insulin showed dissimilar quantitative relations of FITC-insulin binding. Displacement of FITC-insulin by unlabelled insulin was considerably less in the control than in the imprinted series. The curve for saturation of the binding sites with FITC-insulin resembled a true saturation curve. The imprinted cells bound considerably more hormone in a shorter time than the control cells at identical levels of exposure. The dissociation of bound hormone from the imprinted cells increased over the control at 23°C, and to a still greater degree at 4°C. The effect of the pH of the medium on the dissociation of bound FITC-insulin also differed between the imprinted and not imprinted cells. Thus the proposed cytofluorimetric assay of binding kinetics demonstrated the actual conditions of receptor activity, and indicated that the induced insulin binding sites of Tetrahymena behaved similarly to ‘classical’ receptors.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cbf.290080108
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Temporal adaptation of human neutrophil metabolic responsiveness to the peptide formylmethionyl-leucyl phenylalanine: A comparison between human neutrophils and granule-depleted neutrophil cytoplasts (1990)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 8 (1990), S. 57-64 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Ligand binding ; respiratory burst ; neutrophils ; cytoplasts ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: When polymorphonuclear leukocytes (neutrophils) and soluble or particulate matter interact, the cells produce superoxide anions (O2-) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). The chemotactic peptide formylmethionyl-leucylphenylalanine (FMLP) induced a very weak response in normal neutrophils. The cellular response was changed, however, as a result of in vitro aging of the cells, i.e. the magnitude of the response was increased following storage of the cells at 22°C for up to 120 min, in the absence of any stimulus, and before the addition of the peptide. When phorbol myristate acetate was used as a stimulus, there was a pronounced production of O2- and H2O2, but no change in magnitude as a result of in vitro aging. When neutrophil cytoplasts (granule-free vesicles of cytoplasm enclosed by plasmalemma) were exposed to the peptide FMLP of PMA, the vesicles produced both O2- and H2O2. There was, however, no increase in oxidative metabolite production in cytoplasts as a result of in vitro aging when either FMLP or PMA was used as a stimulus. The results thus indidate that mere incubation at room temperature primed the cells to increase their production of oxidative metabolites as a result of spontaneous exposure of hidden receptors. The fact that no such effects were observed with cytoplasts indicates that spontaneous receptor recruitment is a granule-dependent process.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cbf.290080109
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Altered distribution profiles of endoplasmic reticulum subfractions after incubation of Krebs II ascites cells with different concentrations of cytochalasin B (1984)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 2 (1984), S. 38-42 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Cytology ; ascites cells ; endoplasmic reticulum ; subfraction ; cytochalasin B ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Information on the interaction between endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membranes and components of the skeletal network of the cell was gained by treating cells with the antimicrofilament agent cytochalasin B prior to cell disruption by nitrogen cavitation. Treatment of Krebs II ascites cells with cytochalasin B (5-10 μg ml-1) resulted in an increased yield of three ER membrane subfractions  -  heavy rough (HR), light rough (LR) and smooth (S) membranes, as judged by 3H-choline incorporation in gradient fractions following discontinuous sucrose gradient centrifugation. The major increase was observed in the HR fraction. These results indicate that the actual yield of the respective ER membrane subfractions after cell disruption is dependent on the degree of direct and/or indirect interaction between individual ER membranes and actin containing filaments of the cytoskeleton in the intact cell.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cbf.290020111
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    In vitro cytotoxicity of a glass ionomer cement of a new generation (1984)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 2 (1984), S. 43-48 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Dental cement ; cytotoxicity ; in vitro ; glass ionomer cements ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The new glass ionomer dental cement, ChemFil, was found to be moderately cytotoxic when freshly mixed in vitro. This was assessed by a reduction in fibroblast and macrophage counts following 24 h exposure to the material, and by alterations in enzyme levels and enzyme staining kinetics relative to control cultures. Testing of set samples of the material showed that its toxicity decreased rapidly with setting. ChemFil behaved in a manner similar to two older glass ionomers, ASPA and ChemBond, although it was generally slightly less irritant.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cbf.290020112
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Glycosaminoglycan: Cell interactions; their role in lipoprotein lipase secretion from isolated cardiac muscle cells (1984)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 2 (1984), S. 53-56 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Heart ; heparin ; lipoprotein lipase ; secretin ; cardiocytes ; sulphated glycosaminoglycans ; dexamethasone ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: When cardiac muscle cells from mature rats were incubated in vitro in the presence of heparin (8.7 nmole ml-1) lipoprotein lipase activity appeared in the incubation medium. The intracellular activity of the enzyme remained unchanged. Other glycosaminoglycans (heparan sulphate, dermatan sulphate, keratan sulphate and chrondroitin 6-sulphate) at the same or higher concentrations were totally ineffective in producing any enzyme redistribution between cells and medium. The release seen in the presence of heparin was blocked by the presence of cycloheximide. Cycloheximide by contrast had no effect on the release observed in the presence of dexamethasone, The action of endogenous glycosaminoglycans are unlikely therefore to have a significant role to play in the movement of lipoprotein lipase in heart tissue in vivo.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cbf.290020114
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Studies on rat liver mitochondria:4. Enzyme activities in mitochondria preserved at 0 - 4°C (1984)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 2 (1984), S. 49-52 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Liver ; mitochondria ; enzyme activity ; ATPase ; respiratory control coefficient ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Rat liver mitochondria, stored with the energy-linked functions preserved or in aging conditions, were used to assay the activity of various enzymes during five days. The preservation of energy-linked functions was monitored by the respiratory control coefficient. ATPase, cytochrome oxidase and NADH dehydrogenase showed increased activity when the energy-linked functions were preserved. In aging conditions, cytochrome oxidase, NADH dehydrogenase and ATPase showed decreased activity. The ATPase activity increased only when mitochondria were stored in the presence of inhibitors of the electron transport chain. The activity of NADH oxidase did not change, and succinate oxidase and succinate dehydrogenase showed a small decrease in their activity. The enzymes of the matrix, α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase, malate dehydrogenase and aspartate aminotransferase showed little decrease in activity under either of the conditions of storage. The total protein content decreased slightly under both conditions of storage. These results show that the activity of the enzymes analysed was maintained at reasonable levels, when the energy-linked functions of isolated mitochondria were preserved.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cbf.290020113
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Banbury report 13. Indicators of genotoxic exposure (1984)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 2 (1984), S. 63-63 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cbf.290020116
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Masthead (1990)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 8 (1990) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cbf.290080201
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Use of microscopic interferometry for measuring changes in water content of small samples of tissue (1984)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 2 (1984), S. 57-61 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Heart ; myocardial biopsies ; cryostat sections ; interference microscope ; densitometric trace ; oedema ischaemic arrest ; reperfusion ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Oedema following periods of ischaemic arrest and subsequent reperfusion has been shown experimentally and clinically to affect the functional state of the heart. Tissue water content has been measured in myocardial sections by microscopic interferometry and densitometry, and the results correlated with those obtained by wet and dry weight analysis (r = 0.87; p 〈 0.001). Microscopic interferometry also revealed the distribution of the water in the tissue. Experimentally induced ischaemic arrest in isolated rat hearts resulted in predominantly intra-fibrillar oedema, whilst subsequent reperfusion resulted in interfibrillar oedema. Microscopic interferometry facilitates accurate measurement of water content in tissue samples as small as 2 mg wet weight and shows (as conventional wet/dry weight analysis cannot) the distribution of the water in the tissue.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cbf.290020115
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Protein purification: Principles and practice (1984)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 2 (1984), S. 63-63 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cbf.290020117
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  • 21
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    Electronic Resource
    Ediorial (1984)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 2 (1984), S. 67-67 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cbf.290020202
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  • 22
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of lipoproteins on macrophage superoxide generation (1995)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 13 (1995), S. 135-140 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Macrophage ; lipoproteins ; superoxide ; free radicals ; oxidation ; atherosclerosis ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Superoxide production by macrophages and leukocytes may have an important role in atherogenesis. Whether lipoproteins modulate the superoxide production of these cells is not clear. Therefore, the effect of lipoproteins on the production of superoxide by rat peritoneal macrophages was tested. VLDL and LDL inhibited digitonin-stimulated superoxide production in a dose-dependent manner. Maximum inhibition was observed at 10 μg ml-1 of VLDL protein and 50 μg ml-1 of LDL protein respectively. In contrast, HDL (40 μg protein ml-1) enhanced digitoninstimulated superoxide production (by 47 per cent). Macrophage superoxide production induced by arachidonic acid was enhanced by both VLDL (130 per cent) and HDL (84 per cent), whereas LDL had no effect. The lipoproteins had no effect on macrophage superoxide stimulated by other agonists such as phorbol myristate 13-acetate, sodium fluoride or the calcium ionophore, A23187. The effect of lipoproteins was also tested on human polymorphonuclear leukocyte superoxide generation, stimulated by digitonin and PMA. Ten μg of VLDL, 50 μg of LDL and 50 μg of HDL proteins ml-1, inhibited digitonin-induced superoxide production by 50, 100 and 33 per cent respectively. Lipoproteins had no effect on PMA stimulated superoxide generation by human polymorphonuclear leukocytes. The stimulatory and inhibitory effects of lipoproteins on macrophage and neutrophil superoxide generation could be important in the understanding of oxidation-mediated development of atherosclerosis.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cbf.290130210
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  • 23
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    Announcement (1990)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 8 (1990), S. i 
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    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cbf.290080302
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    Postnatal changes of cathepsin D activity in rat liver and brain (1990)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 8 (1990), S. 141-145 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Cathepsin D ; postnatal changes ; liver ; brain ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Total and specific activity of cathepsin D (EC. 3.4.23.5) were measured in rat liver and brain from 1 to 98 days of age.The activity of cathepsin D in the liver of adult and newborn rats was the same while in the rat brain it was higher in adult than in newborn rats. In the liver maximum specific activity of cathepsin D occurred on the 10th postnatal day and minimum on the fourth day of age. In the brain maximum specific activity of the enzyme occurred on the 14th postnatal day. Total activity of cathepsin D increased after birth in rat liver and brain. These results are discussed in relation to the functional role of cathepsin D in the rat liver and the brain.
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    Influence of 4-hydroxynonenal on chemiluminescence production by unstimulated and opsonized zymosan-stimulated human neutrophils (1990)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 8 (1990), S. 147-155 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: 4-Hydroxynonenal ; chemiluminescence ; zymosan ; neutrophils ; respiratory burst ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The lipid peroxidation product 4-hydroxy-2,3-trans-nonenal (HNE) has a spectrum of biological effects on different cell types depending on the concentrations tested. In particular micromolar HNE concentrations stimulate neutrophil migration and polarization whereas higher doses inhibit.In our experimental conditions, fMet-Leu-Phe (fMLP) increased CL production of both unstimulated and zymosan-stimulated neutrophils, whereas cell stimulation with low HNE concentrations as well as zymosan addition to HNE incubated cells did not enhance light emission. In contrast 10-4 M HNE reduced CL emission by unstimulated cells nearly to background values, completely depressed CL production by zymosan-stimulated cells and reduced phagocytosis. Cysteine was found to be able to counteract the HNE effect by about 70 per cent. The possibility that this aldehyde could exert its inhibitory effect through the alkylation of NADPH-oxidase SH-groups is postulated. Moreover, our present data on differences observed between fMLP and HNE indicate a different chemotactic mechanism induced by these two classes of compounds and lead to the conclusion that the local functional features of the attracted cells may be different.
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    Reduced oxidative activity of circulating neutrophils in patients after myocardial infarction (1990)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 8 (1990), S. 157-162 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Neutrophils ; superoxide ; myocardial infarction ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Circulating neutrophils isolated from patients 3-4 h after a myocardial infarction produced less \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$ {\rm O}\frac{ \cdot }{{\rm 2}} $\end{document} compared with controls, when stimulated with phorbol myrystate acetate or formyl-methionine-leucine-phenylalanine. Three days after the infraction the \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$ {\rm O}\frac{ \cdot }{{\rm 2}} $\end{document} generation elicited by both stimuli further decreased markedly. Seven and 15 days after infarction the \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$ {\rm O}\frac{ \cdot }{{\rm 2}} $\end{document} stimulated production was only slightly lower than or similar to the control values. The neutrophils of infarcted patients showed an augmented latency period before \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$ {\rm O}\frac{ \cdot }{{\rm 2}} $\end{document} production compared with controls in response to exogenous stimuli, particularly three days after infarction. Electron microscopy revealed that the neutrophils isolated from the infarcted patients displayed signs of cell exhaustion with few alterations of the plasma membranes when stimulated with phorbol ester. In contrast, control neutrophils displayed alterations of the plasma membranes characteristic of active neutrophils. The results of this study indicate that the circulating neutrophils appear exhausted and functionally inhibited immediately after myocardial infarction.
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    The activation of phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C by insulin in mammary epithelial cells of lactating mouse (1990)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 8 (1990), S. 163-166 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Mammary epithelial cell ; phosphatidylinositol ; phospholipase C ; insulin ; prolactin ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: We have previously demonstrated in vitro that, in the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus of mammary epithelial cells of lactating and pregnant mice, inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate releases Ca2+ that has been stored in these organelles. In this study, we examined whether insulin and prolactin, essential for the growth of mammary gland and for lactation, influenced the activity of phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C in mammary cells. In the plasma membrane fraction of mammary epithelial cells of the DDY mouse strain 5 days after the start of lactation after the first pregnancy, and with phosphatidylinostol as substrate, it was shown that the activity of phospholipase C was enhanced by about four times in the presence of insulin compared with the control. Such enhancement was not found in the membrane fraction treated with prolactin.
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    Clinical biochemistry of lactate dehydrogenase (1984)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 2 (1984), S. 140-144 
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    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
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    Lactate dehydrogenase and cell injury (1984)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 2 (1984), S. 144-148 
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    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
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    Quantitative cytochemistry of lactate dehydrogenase activity (1984)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 2 (1984), S. 149-152 
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    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
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    Immunofluorescent staining method for use with monoclonal antibodies (1984)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 2 (1984), S. 153-154 
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    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Tissue biology ; immunofluorescent staining ; monoclonal antibodies ; S-phase cells ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: This note describes an immunofluorescent staining method for cells in the S-phase which have been allowed to take up bromodeoxyuridine into their DNA in place of thymine. The technique involves the use of fluorescinated monoclonal antibodies against bromodeoxyuridine and allows rapid and accurate estimation of cells in the S-phase, the technique does not require interpretation by skilled technicians.
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    Adenine nucleotides in thrombocytes of birds (1984)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 2 (1984), S. 167-170 
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    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Blood ; avian thrombocytes ; platelet ; adenine nucleotides ; malonyldialdehyde ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Analysis of free nucleotide composition of both avian thrombocytes and pig platelets showed quantitative differences in the level of adenine nucleotides. 3H-adenine taken up by turkey thrombocytes was metabolized mainly to adenine nucleotides was not released after thrombin action. Thrombin liberated non-radioactive adenine nucleotides (18.2 ± 1.5 %, 20.6 ± 1.9%) of the total, probably localized in a storage pool. Malonyldialdehyhyde (MDA) production due to thrombin was observed in both platelets and thrombocytes.
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    Metabolic and secretory effects of methylamine in pancreatic islets (1984)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 2 (1984), S. 161-166 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Insulin ; pancreas ; pancreatic islets ; insulin release ; proinsulin conversion ; transglutaminase ; methylamine ; trimethylamine ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The metabolic and secretory effects of methylamine in rat pancreatic islets were investigated. Methylamine accumulated in islet cells, was incorporated into endogenous islet proteins, and inhibited the incorporation of [2,5-3H] histamine into either N,N-dimethylcasein or endogenous islet proteins. Methylamine (2 mM) did not affect the oxidation of glucose or endogenous nutrients or the intracellular pH in islet cells. Glucose did not affect the activity of transglutaminase in islet homogenates, the uptake of 14C-methylamine by intact islets or its incorporation into endogenous islet proteins. Methylamine inhibited insulin release evoked by glucose, other nutrient secretagogues, and non-nutrient insulinotropic agents such as L-arginine or gliclazide. The inhibitory effect of methylamine upon insulin release was diminished in the presence of cytochalasin B or at low extracellular pH. Methylamine retarded the conversion of proinsulin to insulin. Trimethylamine (0.7 mM) was more efficiently taken up by islet cells than methylamine (2.0 mM), and yet caused only a modest inhibition of insulin release. These findings suggest that methylamine interferes with a late step in the secretory sequence, possibly by inhibiting the access of secretory granules to their exocytotic site.
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    Comparative subcellular fractionation of control and cold-adapted rat brown and white adipose tissue with special reference to peroxisomal and mitochondrial distributions (1984)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 2 (1984), S. 155-160 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Fats ; adipose tissue ; cold adaptation ; mitochondria ; creatine kinase ; peroxisomes ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: A new technique for single-step subcellular fractionation of adipose tissue homogenates by analytical sucrose density gradient centrifugation in a vertical pocket reorientating rotor is described. The density gradient distributions of mitochondrial and peroxisomal marker enzymes in brown and white adipose tissue of control and cold exposed rats are compared. The equilibrium density of brown fat mitochondria was found to be significantly increased compared with white fat mitochondria. GDP binding activity was localized solely to the mitochondria in both control and cold-adapted brown adipose tissue. Brown and white fat mitochondria fractions were isolated by differential centrifugation and the specific activities of various enzymes in the homogenate and mitochondrial preparations determined. The specific activity of creatine kinase in brown adipose tissue was found to be ten-fold higher than in white fat and subcellular fractionation studies showed the activity to have an exclusively cytosolic distribution in both tissues. GDP binding activity and some of the mitochondrial enzymes showed, in brown adipose, a striking increase in total activity in cold adapted rats compared to control animals. For some enzyme activities there was a small increase when expressed per mg tissue or per mg mitochondrial protein. When expressed per mg DNA i.e. per cell, there was a reduced specific activity of the mitochondrial and peroxisomal enzymes in both brown and white adipose tissue on cold adaptation.
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    Shape change of human erythrocytes induced by phosphatidylcholine and lysophosphatidylcholine species with various acyl chain lengths (1984)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 2 (1984), S. 171-176 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Blood ; human erythrocyte ; erythrocyte membrane ; choline phospholipid ; acyl chain ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Intact human erythrocytes were treated, under non-haemolytic conditions at 37°C, with synthetic phosphatidylcholine which has homologous, saturated acyl chains of 8 ∼ 18 even-numbered carbon atoms (C8 ∼ C18-PC) or with lysophosphatidylcholine which has a saturated acyl chain of 8 ∼ 18 carbon atoms (C8 ∼ C18-lysoPC). The C8 ∼ C14-PC and C12 ∼ C18-lysoPC species were rapidly incorporated into the erythrocytes and induced a shape change of the crenation (echinocyte formation) type. The site of the incorporation was found to be most probably on the outer leaflet of the membrane lipid bilayer. The extent of the shape change was dependent on the amount of each lipid incorporated. When the same amount of a PC or lysoPC species was incorporated into the membrane, about the same extent of crenation was induced, independent of acyl chain length. However, C16-PC, C18-PC, C8-lysoPC and C10-lysoPC, which were not incorporated into the erythrocytes, did not induce any shape change. It is therefore suggested that the hydrophobic moiety of these amphiphilic lipids may greatly contribute to their transfer from the outer medium into the erythrocyte membrane, but do not influence so much the perturbation of the membrane lipid bilayer which may be responsible for induction of the shape change.
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    Lectins N. Sharon and H. Lis. Chapman and Hall, London and New York, 127 pages, £19.50 (1989) (1990)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 8 (1990), S. 190-190 
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    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cbf.290080313
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    Masthead (1990)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 8 (1990) 
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    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cbf.290080401
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    Methotrexate: Studies on cellular metabolism. IV. Effect on the mitochondrial oxidation of cytosolic-reducing equivalents in HeLa cells (1990)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 8 (1990), S. 199-203 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: HeLa cells ; methotrexate ; anti-cancer ; malate-aspartate shuttle ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The effect of methotrexate (MTX) on the mitochondrial oxidation of cytosolic-reducing equivalents in HeLa cells was studied. MTX inhibited (100 per cent) malate dehydrogenase activity, but no effect was observed on that of GOT. MTX (0.5 mM) inhibited (100 per cent) the activity of reconstituted enzymatic system MDH-GOT, probably as a consequence of inhibition of malate dehydrogenase activity. MTX decreased pyruvate production (54 per cent), demonstrating its inhibitory action on the malate-aspartate shuttle. Blockage of the malate-aspartate shuttle by MTX accounts for the decrease in cellular energetic gain. The results obtained are consistent with the view that in HeLa cells, as well as in other tumour cells, the trasport of reducing equivalents from cytoplasmic NADH into the respiratory chain of mitochondria is via the malate-aspartate shuttle.
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    Effects of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate on calcium release from the endoplasmic reticulum and golgi apparatus in mouse mammary epithelial cells: A comparison during pregnancy and lactation (1990)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 8 (1990), S. 191-198 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate ; Ca2+ ; mammary epithelial cell ; endoplasmic reticulum ; Golgi apparatus ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: It has been established that inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate(IP3) is responsible for the mobilization of calcium(Ca2+) from intracellular locations in a wide variety of tissues, and that this response triggers the stimulation of several hormones and neurotransmitters. However, these phenomena have yet to be examined in the mammary epithelium.Ca2+ uptake from the medium into the endoplasmic reticulum(ER) and Golgi apparatus in vitro in both pregnant and lactating mouse mammary epithelial cells was studied and a strong Ca2+ release from these organelles into the medium with the use of IP3 was shown. The Ca2+ uptake and its release due to IP3 was also usually greater during pregnancy than lactation.
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    Amelioration by menadione of the experimental chronic immune arthritis in the rabbit (1990)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 8 (1990), S. 221-226 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Rheumatoid arthritis ; chronic inflammatory arthritis ; glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase ; menadione ; microdensitometry ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The immunological induction of arthritis in the knee of the rabbit is well established as a model for human rheumatoid arthritis. It has the special advantage of allowing the development of the condition, and the effect of disease-modifying agents, to be followed.Attention has been focussed on the activity of glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase in the synovial lining cells since the fourfold elevation of this activity was shown to be fundamental in the human condition. An equal elevation of this activity has now been demonstrated in the rabbit model. Furthermore, it has been shown that the oral administration of menadione decreases this activity towards normality with a concomitant decrease in the degree of inflammation.
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    Balancing of energy-consuming processes of rat hepatocytes (1990)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 8 (1990), S. 227-232 
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    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Energy-consuming processes ; rat hepatocytes ; oxygen consumption ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: A method for the quantification of energy consuming processes described by Siems et al.6 for reticulocytes and by Müller et al.10 for ascites tumour cells was applied to balance the ATP-consumption of isolated rat hepatocytes. On the basis of decreased coupled respiration rates following the specific inhibition of energy-requiring reactions, the energy demands of protein turnover, nucleic acid synthesis, Na+/K+-ATPase and Ca2+-transport of hepatocytes in different incubation media were assessed. These processes together with urea synthesis account for about 60 per cent of the total energy consumption in a glucose and amino acid-enriched Eagle/Borsook medium. The metabolic flux rates of total ATP-consumption and ATP-consumption of single energy-requiring processes in hepatocytes are compared with those in reticulocytes and different tumour cell types.
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    In vitro trophic effects of synthetic ACTH1-24 (1984)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 2 (1984), S. 221-224 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Hormones ; ACTH ; in vitro ; Feulgen densitometry ; thymidine kinase ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: In vitro trophic effects of adrenocorticotrophin1-24 (ACTH1-24, Synacthen) on adrenal cells were studied, using an in vitro assay system of guinea-pig adrenal segments kept in organ culture. Two separate methods for detecting growth activity were used, namely the measurement of thymidine kinase and a nucleic acid cytophotometric method. Synthetic ACTH was able to induce growth in the adrenal explants at very low concentrations (10-25 fg ml-1). Biphasic dose-response curves were obtained, comparable to those described for other cytochemical bioassays. The principles of this assay system may allow the development of a new bioassay for the measurement of plasma concentrations of ACTH or antibodies mimicking the growth effect of this trophic hormone.
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    Effects of vanadate on 6-phosphofructo 2-kinase activity and fructose 2,6-bisphosphate levels in cultured rat hepatocytes (1990)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 8 (1990), S. 237-241 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Fructose 2,6-bisphosphate ; 6-phosphofructo 2-kinase ; vanadate ; cultured rat hepatocytes ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The presence of vanadate in primary cultures of rat hepatocytes produced a significant increase in the concentration of fructose 2,6-bisphosphate and in the activity of 6-phosphofructo 2-kinase. Compared with insulin, vanadate had a more potent action on the metabolite increase, but a similar effect on the 6-phosphofructo 2-kinase activity. Both the insulin- and the vanadate-dependent enhancements of 6-phosphofructo 2-kinase were inhibited by cycloheximide which specificially blocks protein synthesis on the translational level, suggesting that the increase of the enzyme activity was due to induction rather than to a change in the catalytic activity.
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    Scanning cytophotometric analysis of myocardial nucleic acid and chromatin changes in soman toxicated rabbits (1984)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 2 (1984), S. 237-242 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Heart ; Feulgen-DNA ; Azure B-RNA ; microdensitometry ; soman toxicity ; cardiac muscle ; cytochemistry ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Myocardial nucleic acid responses were analysed in New Zealand White rabbits 20 min-1 h and 6-8 h following single subcutaneous injections of soman (20, 30, or 40 μg kg-1). Scanning-integrating microdensitometry was used to quantify Azure B-RNA and Feulgen-DNA (F-DNA) levels, and changes in the suseptibility of chromatin to Feulgen acid hydrolysis (F-DNA reactivity) of individual ventricular myocardial cells. With a dosage of 20 μg kg-1 soman, no RNA alterations were evidenced at 1 h whereas at 6-8 h myocardial cells exhibited higher RNA levels and an increase in F-DNA reactivity of chromatin. With dosages of 30 and 40 μg kg-1 soman there was an augmentation in RNA levels and in the acid hydrolysability of nuclear chromatin at both 20 min-1 h and 6-8 h. It is postulated that the observed cellular transformations represent a compensatory augmentation in myocardial metabolic functioning presumably in response to an increased functional demand on the ventricular myocardium. The absence of cytopathic or cytochemical evidence of impairment in nucleic acid metabolism is inconsistent with the premise that soman exerts direct cytotoxic effects on rabbit myocardium.
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    Cytophotometric comparisons of DNA levels in neuronal and glial cells of the cerebellum: A comparative study (1984)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 2 (1984), S. 225-236 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Nucleic acids ; Purkinje cells ; DNA ; cytophotometry ; flow cytometry ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Several cytochemical studies of the DNA content and ploidy status of neuronal cell nuclei in the central nervous system have reported the occurrence of hyperdiploid amounts of DNA in Purkinje cells and suggest the existence of some type of ‘extra’ DNA, the biological significance of which is, as yet, unknown. To explore this phenomenon further, the DNA content of glial and Purkinje cell nuclei was determined in several vertebrate species, using the DNA-specific fluorochrome 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) to stain isolated cerebellar nuclei for analysis with a single parameter flow cytometer. The Feulgen reaction for DNA was used to stain liver and cerebellar tissue imprints for the measurement of individual nuclei with a Vickers M86 integrating microdensitometer. In both types of analyses, chicken erythrocyte nuclei served as an internal reference standard of 2.5 pg DNA per cell. The mean DNA content of Purkinje cells and glial or granule cells was essentially the same as that found for diploid (2C) non-neuronal cells, such as hepatocytes, in rainbow trout, Amazon molly fish, salamander (Plethodon), mouse, rat, rabbit, cat, dog, monkey and human. Although Purkinje cell nuclei with 4C DNA levels were found in all of these species, except salamander and rabbit, the frequency of such cells was low (1-7%) and varied with the species. There was a low incidence of Purkinje cell nuclei with interclass DNA amounts in all species examined. Our data show that most neuronal cell nuclei in the cerebellum contain 2C levels of DNA.
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    DNA-damaging activity of biotic and xenobiotic aldehydes in chinese hamster ovary cells (1984)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 2 (1984), S. 243-248 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Nucleic acids ; aldehydes ; lipid peroxidation ; DNA cross-links ; DNA single strand breaks ; cultured mammalian cells ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Alkaline elution was employed to study DNA damage in CHO-Kl cells treated with a series of biotic and xenobiotic aldehydes. DNA cross-linking was measured in terms of the reduction in the effect of methyl methanesulphonate on the kinetics of DNA elution and was observed in cells treated with formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, methylglyoxal and malonaldehyde. Propionaldehyde, valeraldehyde, hexanal and 4-hydroxynonenal produced DNA single-strand breaks, or lesions which were converted to breaks in alkali. Both types of DNA damage occurred in cells exposed to malealdehyde. These findings support the hypothesis of a carcinogenic effect of the aldehydic products (malonaldehyde, methylglyoxal, propionaldehyde, hexanal, 4-hydroxynonenal) released in biomembranes during lipid peroxidation.
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    Effect of Ca2+-antagonists on virally-induced cell-permeability changes (1984)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 2 (1984), S. 249-253 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Calcium ; Ca2+-antagonists ; calmodulin ; calmodulin inhibitors ; intracellular cation changes ; permeability changes ; virally-induced permeability changes ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Sendai virus-mediated permeability changes in cells are affected by extracellular Ca2+ or Mn2+ as follows: the lag period to onset of permeability changes is lengthened and the subsequent extent of leakage is reduced. Drugs that block Ca2+ action in excitable cells, such as verapamil and prenylamine, and drugs that inhibit the action of calmodulin, such as trifluoperazine and R24571, have an effect opposite to that of Ca2+: lag is shortened and extent of leakage is increased. The concentration at which either type of drug shows 50% of maximal effect is similar to the concentration at which 50% of binding by drug to calmodulin is achieved. It is concluded that calmodulin may be involved in protecting cells against virally-mediated membrane damage; alternatively the action of calmodulin-binding drugs may not be as specific as currently thought.
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    Phorbol ester inhibits 13-cis-retinoic acid-induced hydrolysis of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate in cultured murine keratinocytes: A possible negative feedback via protein kinase C-activation (1991)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 9 (1991), S. 183-191 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: PtdIns, phosphatidylinositol ; PtdIns4P, phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate ; PtdInS4, 5P2, phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate ; InsP, Inostiol phosphate ; InsP2, inositol bisphosphate ; InsP3, inositol trisphosphate ; TPA, 12-0-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The incubation of double-labelled ([14C]-glycerol and [3H]-myoinositol) keratinocytes with 13-cis retinoic acid induced the transient and simulataneous release of [3H]-inositol trisphosphate ([3H]-InsP3) and [14C]-diacylglycerol ([14C]-DAG) indicating that a possible mode of action of this retinoid on murine keratinocytes may be at least in part the early trasient release of the two putative messengers (InsP3 and DAG) from phosphatidylinositol-4,5 bisphosphate (PtdIns4, 5P2). In contrast, the preincubation of the keratinocytes with 12-O-tetradecanolyphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) prior to incubation with 13-cis-RA suppressed the 13-cis-RA-induced release of [3H]-InsP3 and [14C]-DAG. The specificity of the TPA effect was established by the lack of effect of the biologically inactive 4α-phorbol 12, 13-didecanoate. Furthermore, the incubation of the TPA-primed keratinocytes with 13-cis-RA caused a delayed and sustained accumulation of [14C]-DAG. An exploration of the source of this late relase of [14C]-DAG revealed that this [14C]-DAG was released from non-inositol containing phospholipids, particularly, phosphatidylcholine. This latter DAG released in the TPA-primed cells correlated with the translocation of the cytoplasmic protein kinase C (PKC) activity to the membrane associated PKC activity. Taken together, these results suggest that alteration of PKC activity, presumably induced by DAG released from non-inositol phospholipids, may play a major role in the TPA-induced negative feedback inhibition of 13-cis RA-induced hydrolysis of keratinocyte PtdIns4, 5P2.
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    Mechanisms of interaction between human skin fibroblasts and elastin: Differences between elastin fibres and derived peptides (1991)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 9 (1991), S. 171-182 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Elastin ; receptor ; elastonectin ; fibroblasts ; extracellular matrix ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: 3H-Labelled kappa-elastin peptides (kE:75 kDa molecular weight) were shown to bind to confluent human skin fibroblast (HSF) cultures in a time-dependent and saturable manner. Scatchard analysis indicated the presence of high affinity binding sites with kD = 2·7 × 10-10 M and 19 000 sites per cell. Binding of kE to its receptor on HSF accelerates and intensifies the adhesion of insoluble elastin fibres (iE) to confluent HSF. Optimal effect was attained for a kE concentration of 0·3 × 10-9 M close to kD. This stimulatory effect of kE on the binding of iE to HSF could be inhibited by neomycin, retinal and pertussis toxin, substances which act at different levels of the transduction mechanism following the activation of the receptor and the subsequent triggering of cell biological events (chemotaxis, modification of calcium fluxes). The stimulation of iE adhesion to HSF induced by kE as well as kE binding to the cells could by inhibited by lactose and laminin but not by Arg-Gly-Asp-Ser (RGDS) peptides. This indicates that the elastin peptide receptor on HSF possesses lectin-like properties and shares homology with the laminin receptor as also shown for other cell types. None of the substances tested, that is inhibitors of the transduction mechanism, lactose, laminin and Arg-Gly-Asp-Ser (RGDS) peptides were shown to interfere significantly with the binding of iE (in the absence of added kE) to confluent HSF. The proteins adhering strongly to elastin fibres were isolated by a sequential extraction procedure and the final hydrochloride guanidinium-DTT extract was analysed by SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions, Western blots using specific antibodies against several connective tissue proteins and affinity for [3H]-kE following nitrocellulose electro-transfer of proteins. Fibronectin, vitronectin, tropoelastin(s), and a 120 kDa cysteine rich glycoprotein previously designated as elastonectin were identified. Among these proteins, [3H]-kE was found to bind exclusively to a 65 kDa protein that could be eluted selectively from elastin fibres with a neutral buffer containing 100 mM lactose. Therefore the elastin peptide receptor on human skin fibroblasts shares properties with the elastin receptor characterized from other cell types. Conformational differences between elastin peptides and elastin fibres could explain the differences in the mechanisms of interactions between elastin fibres and elastin peptides with HSF in culture. The stimulatory effect of elastin-derived peptides on the adhesion of elastin fibres to HSF could have implications in the oriented biosynthesis of elastin fibres.
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    Effect of chronic ethanol consumption on postnatal development of renal (Na + K)-ATPase in the rat (1991)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 9 (1991), S. 215-222 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Ethanol ; (Na + K)-ATPase ; kidney ; postnatal development ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Renal (Na + K)-ATPase was studied to ascertain whether it follows the pattern of adaptation of membrane-bound enzymes that are inhibited by acute ethanol exposure and develop greater activity after chronic ethanol treatment. A colony of rats was given 20 per cent (v/v) ethanol as sole drinking solution throughout gestation, lactation and following weaning. (Na + K)-ATPase and ouabain-insensitive Ca2+-ATPase activities were determined; regional distribution of these enzymes was assessed in renal cortex and outer medulla. Control rats drank tap water.(Na + K)-ATPase in whole homogenate of kidney increased with age in controls and ethanol-fed rats, but the latter showed higher values at every age studied. Between 15 and 60 days of age, the control group showed 2-fold increases in cortex and 5-fold in outer medulla, whereas ethanol-fed rats reached a 3-fold increase in the enzyme activity in both renal regions. Ca2+-ATPase showed the same time course in developing kidney of both groups. Chronic ethanol treatment of adult rats resulted in an increase of (Na + K)-ATPase activity in cortex and outer medulla, but no change in other ATPases.Since an earlier maturational development of renal (Na + K)-ATPase was displayed by ethanol-fed rats, underlying mechanisms that may account for these results are discussed.
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    Molecular biology of oncogenes and cell control mechanisms. P. J. Parker and M. Katan (eds). Ellis Horwood, Prentice-Hall: London, v + 181 pages, £35 (1990) (1991)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 9 (1991), S. 224-224 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cbf.290090315
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    Rhodopsin cascade: Dna physicochemistry. A. A. Krayevsky, M. K. Kukhanova, P. P. Philippov, V. Yu. Arshavsky and A. M. Dizhoor. Soviet Scientific Reviews, Harwood Academic Publishers: New York. Vol 9, Part 3, pp. 179-308. £27 (1990) (1991)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 9 (1991), S. 224-225 
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    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cbf.290090316
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    Masthead (1991)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 9 (1991) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cbf.290090401
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    Tellurite effect on ATPase activity of contractile membrane protein (1991)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 9 (1991), S. 227-230 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Tellurite ; erythrocytes ; contractile membrane protein ; irreversible damage of membrane ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The effect of tellurite on ATPase activity of the contractile membrane protein in human erythrocytes was studied. Tellurite, even at a concentration of 0·01 mM, inhibited 25 per cent of the saponin-stimulated ATPase activity of the contractile membrane protein; the inhibition increased with increasing tellurite concentration, and was reversible. On the other hand, in erythrocytes preincubated with tellurite, the ATPase activity of the membrane contractile protein, non-stimulated by saponin, increased, and the increase was further enhanced by washing the erythrocytes. The behaviour is analogous to the tellurite effect on erythrocyte morphology: incubation of erythrocytes with tellurite caused morphological changes which were more pronounced after removing the tellurite by washing. The complex effect of tellurite is discussed.
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    Relation between hyaluronan and sulphated glycosaminoglycan synthesis and degradation in cultured embryonic fibroblasts. Effect of concanavalin a and ammonium chloride administration (1991)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 9 (1991), S. 255-262 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Hyaluronan ; glycosaminoglycans ; GAG synthesis ; GAG degradation ; chick embryo ; fibroblasts ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: In order to evaluate the relationship between glycosaminoglycan (GAG) synthesis and degradation, the effect of NH4Cl, which inhibits lysosomal degradation, on GAG production was analysed in vitro in concanavalin A (Con A) stimulated fibroblasts from 7 and 14-day-old chick embryos. 35SO4 incorporation into total proteoglycan (PG), 3H incorporation into individual GAG classes, β-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminidase and β-D-glucuronidase activity were determined. The results indicate a correlation between Con A and NH4Cl effects: NH4Cl induced a reduction principally in the GAG classes most stimulated by Con A. Thus HA and DS are much more stimulated by Con A and inhibited by NH4Cl than are CS and HS.
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    Hepatic selective adjustments in short-term cold exposed rats (1991)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 9 (1991), S. 275-280 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Cold exposure ; liver mitochondria ; oxygen consumption ; ATP production ; energy turnover ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The metabolic adjustments which occur in rat liver cells during the first days of cold exposure have been investigated. We have measured both mitochondrial mass and oxidative capacities as well as ATP production after five and 10 days of cold exposure. In addition, we have measured plasma membrane Na+/K+-ATPase activity. Cold exposure elicited a significant increase in mitochondrial mass as well as in state 3 oxidative rates and ATP production in isolated mitochondria using various substrates. Moreover, our results show that Na+-pumping activity significantly increased after both five and 10 days of cold exposure.Our results suggest that during the first days of cold exposure liver cells undergo alterations which are useful for survival in the cold.
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    Histones and other basic nuclear proteins. S. Hnilica, G. S. Stein and J. L. Stein (eds). CRC Press: Florida, ISBN 0-8493-551 5-X, 406 pages, $286 (1989) (1991)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 9 (1991), S. 293-294 
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    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cbf.290090412
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    The biochemistry and uses of pesticides: Structure metabolism, mode of action and uses in crop protection. K. A. Hassell. Macmillan Press: Basingstoke, U.K., 536 pages, hardcover, £40.00, paperback, £19.99 (1990) (1991)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 9 (1991), S. 294-294 
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    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cbf.290090413
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    Understanding cell toxicology: Principles and practice. E. Walum, K. Stenberg and D. Jenssen. Series in Biochemistry and Biotechnology. Ellis Horwood Ltd.: Chichester, England, 206 pages, £45. (1990) (1991)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 9 (1991), S. 295-295 
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    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cbf.290090415
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    Perspectives in biochemistry. Volume 2. Hans Neurath (Ed.). American Chemical Society, Washington DC. ix + 317 pages. Price $19.95 (1991) (1991)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 9 (1991), S. 295-296 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cbf.290090417
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    Between nucleus and cytoplasm. Paul S. Agutter. Chapman and Hall, xi + 148 pages, £10.95 (1990) (1991)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 9 (1991), S. 296-296 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cbf.290090418
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    Metabolic activity in isolated hepatocytes from cold exposed rats subjected to 24-hour fasting (1992)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 10 (1992), S. 27-30 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Fasting ; hepatocytes ; respiration ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The aim of this work was to study the metabolic activity in isolated hepatocytes from control rats and rats exposed for 15 or 30 days to cold, all subjected to 24-h fasting. Hepatocyte oxygen consumption was used as an index of metabolic activity. The results show that 24-h fasting induces a decrease in energy expenditure at the level of the liver in cold-exposed rats but not in control animals.
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    Simultaneous changes in various mechanisms that mediate the cell incorporation of folate compounds account for low levels of resistance to methotrexate (1992)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 10 (1992), S. 1-7 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: High-affinity folate-binding membrane protein ; methotrexate resistance ; methotrexate uptake ; dihydrofolate reductase ; L5178Y cells ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Changes in the mechanisms of folate incorporation were studied in cells treated with low concentrations of methotrexate in order to evaluate their contribution to the development of resistance to antifolate drugs. The uptake of methotrexate via reduced-folate system, the membrane-associated high-affinity folate binding capacity and the activity, levels and affinity for methotrexate of dihydrofolate reductase were measured in L5178 murine leukemic lymphoblasts and in a subline, MTX/R16, 16 times more resistant to methotrexate which was isolated after a short exposure to the antifolate. Various simultaneous changes were characterized in MTX/R16 cells which co-participated in the development of resistance: a decreased affinity of the carrier for methotrexate uptake via the reduced-folate system of entry, the increase of dihydrofolate reductase activity and levels and a two-fold increased expression of a membrane-associated high-affinity folate-binding protein (mFBP). The increase of the mFBP expression, besides ensuring the growth of resistant cells by its contribution to the reduced folate intake, also participates in the methotrexate resistance by the internalization of folate cofactor which would compete with methotrexate hindering the effective inhibition of dihydrofolate reductase by the antifolate.
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    Identification of multi-drug resistant cells in sensitive friend leukemia cells by quantitative videomicrofluorimetry (1992)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 10 (1992), S. 9-17 
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    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Hoechst 33342 ; Friend leukemia cells ; multi-drug resistance, quantitative videomicrofluorimetry ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The cellular resistance to cytotoxic drugs, particularly to anthracyclines, remains a major problem in cancer chemotherapy. A number of biochemical mechanisms have been described, one of them being a lower accumulation of drugs in resistant cells. The accumulation of Ho33342 in sensitive and resistant Friend leukemia cells was studied by quantitative fluorescence image analysis, a method which allows investigations to be made on living tissues and cells. The intensity of fluorescence is related to the amount of Ho33342 accumulated into the cells and has been found to be more intense in sensitive cells than in resistant ones. Moreover, the retention of this vital dye was inversely related to the degree of resistance in the three resistant cell lines. The addition of verapamil, which is known to reverse resistance to anthracyclines, resulted in an increase of the amount of Ho33342 accumulated in the resistant cells. Ho33342 presents a higher quantum yield than any other anthracyclines, such as adriamycin and can be used as a microfluorimetric probe to identify the resistant cells in a heterogeneous cell population.
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    Protamine-induced permeability changes in the neutrophil plasma membrane as the basis of activation of exocytosis (1992)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 10 (1992), S. 35-40 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Neutrophil ; protamine ; membrane permeability ; exocytosis ; calcium ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Protamine induces a gradual change in plasma membrane permeability in rabbit neutrophils, which is evident from the increase of indol fluorescence, and the leakage of quin2 from quin2-loaded neutrophils. The influx of extracellular Ca2+ into the neutrophil provides an explanation for exocytosis which occurs in the presence of Ca2+ and protamine. The dependence of exocytosis on Ca2+ concentration follows the same pattern as is observed in neutrophils permeabilized by other means. In the absence of Ca2+, and in the presence of protamine, La3+ has an activating effect on exocytosis. At higher concentrations La3+ inhibits exocytosis that occurs in the presence of Ca2+ and protamine, as do some other metal ions. The resemblance between the membrane effects of a number of toxins, as reported in literature, and protamine-induced membrane damage suggests that they occur via the same mechanism.
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    The effects of monensin on blood-borne arrest and glycosylation of BL/VL3 lymphoma cells (1992)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 10 (1992), S. 41-52 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Monensin ; homing ; glycosylation ; flow cytometry analysis ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: We have previously shown that inhibitors of N-glycan processing alter both the cell surface carbohydrates and the homing properties in lymphoid cells. We have now studied the effects of the ionophore monensin (MON) on these parameters.Arrest in the spleen of [111In]-labelled BL/VL3 murine T lymphoma cells, injected intravenously was clearly reduced if the cells had been cultured for 24 h in the presence of monensin (0·1-1·0 μg ml-1).We have characterized glycopeptides from BL/VL3 murine T lymphoma cells. Following labelling with tritiated precursors (fucose, mannose, galactose, glucosamine), surface glycopeptides from BL/VL3 murine T lymphoma cells, were released by trypsin and separated by gel filtration on Bio-Gel P6 and by affinity chromatography on immobilized lectins.After treatment with MON, a class of high molecular mass glycopeptides was no longer found. There were less complex and more high mannose glycans, as a consequence of a reduction of terminal glycosylation (sialylation, fucosylation or incorporation of N-acetyl-glucosamine). Similar findings were obtained with immunoprecipitated Thy-1 antigen. However, as estimated by flow cytometry analysis, the cell surface expression of Thy-1 was not reduced in MON-treated cells. Taken together our results show that cell surface oligosaccharides are modified dramatically, but that at least, certain cell surface antigens are present in normal amounts. It is tempting to speculate that changes in glycosylation account for the abnormal homing properties of MON-treated cells.
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    Membrane lipid oxidation, volume 1. C. Vigo-Pelfrey (ed.). CRC Press: Florida. 322 pages, £l19 (1990). (1992)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 10 (1992), S. 67-67 
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    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
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    Steroids and neuronal activity. D. Chadwick and K. Widdows (eds). Ciba Foundation Symposium No. 153, Wiley: London and New York. ix + 284 pages, £35.95 (1990). (1992)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 10 (1992), S. 67-67 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cbf.290100113
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    Rat gastrointestinal transglutaminase: Demonstration of enzyme activity and cell and tissue distributions (1985)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 3 (1985), S. 199-203 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Transglutaminase ; γ-glutamyl transferase ; enterocytes ; crypt cells ; intestinal villus ; coeliac disease ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The properties, tissue and cellular distribution of intestinal transglutaminase have been investigated. Transglutaminase was assayed with dimethylcasein and [14C]putrescine as substrates. The enzyme has maximum activity at pH 10, although more reliable assays are made at pH 9. Transglutaminase showed an absolute requirement for Ca2+ and exhibited linear assay kinetics. The Km for putrescine was approx. 0·15 mmol/I.Tissue distribution studies suggest transglutaminase is more active in the more muscular segments of the gut. The cellular localization in jejunum was investigated by sequential cell release techniques. Approximately 2 per cent of the total activity was found in the enterocytes and crypt cells. Most of the activity was in the submucosa and serosa suggesting an interstitial cell localization.Acute hypoplastic enteropathy induced by methotrexate was accompanied by a striking decrease in mucosal transglutaminase but the activity returned to control values by 72 h. There was no significant increase in activity during the period of intense crypt cell hyperplasia and it is concluded that intestinal transglutaminase is not implicated in crypt cell proliferation.
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    Inositol phosphates and derivatives. A. B. Reitz (Ed). American Chemical Society, Washington, U.S.A. xii + 235 pages, $59.95 (1991). (1992)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 10 (1992), S. 69-69 
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    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cbf.290100118
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    Generation of hydrogen peroxide in resting and activated platelets (1992)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 10 (1992), S. 79-85 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Hydrogen peroxide ; human platelets ; 2′-7′-dichlorofluorescein ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The production of hydrogen peroxide was measured by following the oxidation of dichlorofluorescein (DCFH) entrapped into platelets. Resting platelets produced nanomolar quantities of DCF, which was proportional to the concentration of platelets and was steady during 1 h of incubation. A significant increase of basal DCF fluorescence was induced by stimuli namely thrombin, arachidonic acid, the Ca2+ ionophore A23187 and PMA. The effect of agonists has been also measured in the presence of 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole (AT) or N-ethylmaleimide (NEM), inhibitors of catalase and glutathione peroxidase, respectively. A further significant enhancement of DCF produced in stimulated platelets was detected only in the presence of NEM. A correlation was found between the increase in DCF and externally added hydrogen peroxide or the oxidizing species formed by xanthine oxidase plus acetaldehyde. The yield was not affected by superoxide dismutase and was higher in the presence of AT or NEM. A cooperative effect in the presence of both inhibitors was shown. Glutathione peroxidase plus glutathione diminished the level of DCF to basal levels.
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    Phospholipid N-methylation in diabetic erythrocytes: Effects on membrane Na+, K+ ATPase activity (1992)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 10 (1992), S. 95-101 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Phospholipid methylation ; streptozotocin diabetes ; erythrocyte Na+, K+ ATPase ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Phospholipid methylation was quantified in non-diabetic and streptozotocin diabetic rat erythrocytes. While the total mass of methylated lipids remained the same in both groups, the relative abundance of individual methylated lipid species differed significantly in diabetic erythrocytes. Moreover, incubation of erythrocytes membranes with S-adenosyl methionine, a substrate for methyl transferases, not only increased membrane lipid methylation but also decreased Na+, K+ ATPase activity significantly. These results suggest that phospholipid methylation may cause the observed depression of erythrocyte Na+, K+ ATPase activity in diabetes and could contribute to the altered rheology of erythrocytes in diabetes.
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    The relation between the synergistic effect of cytostatics and metabolism of V 79B cells In Vitro (1992)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 10 (1992), S. 109-113 
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    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: V 79B cell line ; synergism of MTX and cis-Pt ; gluconeogenesis in vitro ; glucose metabolism ; glutamine ; arginine ; glyoxialic acid ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: A single-dose simultaneous application of methotrexate (MTX; 0·002/μg ml-1) and cisplatin (cis-Pt; 0·0002/μg ml-1) had a permanent synergistic effect on both synchronized and asynchronous cell populations of V 79B cells. Successive combination of the drugs was manifested synergistically when MTX was applied first. The synchronized cell population was more sensitive to the cytostatics than the asynchronous population.Treatment with MTX alone, or the combination of MTX-cis-Pt, as well as their successive combination with the first drug being cis-Pt, caused gluconeogenesis.
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    Enzyme catalysis: Proceedings of royal society discussion meeting, december 1990. A. R. Fersht and D. Gani (eds). The Royal Society 70 pages, £32.50 (1991). (1992)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 10 (1992), S. 134-134 
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    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cbf.290100212
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    Progress in molecular and subcellular biology, volume 12. Jean Teur, P., Kuchino, Y., Müller, W. E. G. and Paine, P. L. (eds). Springer Verlag: Heidelberg, vii + 137 pages, D.M. 128 (1991). (1992)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 10 (1992), S. 134-134 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cbf.290100213
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    Protein conformation, ciba foundation symposium 161. Chadwick, D. J. and Widdows, K. (eds). John Wiley and Sons: Chichester, xii + 269 pages, £39.50 (1991). (1992)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 10 (1992), S. 135-135 
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    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
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    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cbf.290100215
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    Histo- and cyto-chemistry as a tool in environmental toxicology. Progress in histochemistry and cytochemistry, vol. 23, no. 1-4. W. Graumann and J. Drukker (eds). Gustav Fischer Verlag: Stuttgart, New York. xii + 415 pages, DM220 (1991). (1992)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 10 (1992), S. 136-136 
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    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cbf.290100216
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    Introduction (1992)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 10 (1992), S. 139-140 
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    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cbf.290100302
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    Plant peroxisomes: Recent studies on function and biosynthesis (1992)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 10 (1992), S. 153-158 
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    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
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    A genetic approach to the biogenesis of peroxisomes in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae (1992)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 10 (1992), S. 167-174 
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    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
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    Targeting signals for protein import into peroxisomes (1992)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 10 (1992), S. 193-199 
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    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
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    Peroxisomal disorders in man (1992)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 10 (1992), S. 201-207 
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    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
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    Correspondence. In vitro trophic effects of ACTH (1986)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 4 (1986), S. 75-75 
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    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cbf.290040112
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    Effects of antioxidants and haemoglobin status on the t-butyl hydroperoxide-induced oxygen uptake by red blood cells (1986)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 4 (1986), S. 61-68 
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    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Red blood cell ; oxygen uptake ; t-butyl hydroperoxide ; haemoglobin status ; antioxidants ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Oxygen uptake by erythrocytes exposed to t-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BHP) exhibited an induction period. The rate of oxygen consumption can be reduced by antioxidants and blood plasma. The induction time was not appreciably modified by the antioxidants tested, however, plasma increased it by a factor of two. The in vivo pretreatment with diethyl maleate (0·6 g kg-1) produced increased rates of oxygen uptake without changes in the induction period, while vitamin E (12·5 mg kg-1) elicited lower oxygen consumption rates and longer induction times, compared to those observed in cells from control rats upon addition of the hydroperoxide. These results suggest that the antioxidants tested on the t-BHP lipid peroxidation in erythrocyte suspensions act as inhibitors and/or retarders of the process. Furthermore, lipid peroxidation induced in these conditions seems to depend upon the haemoglobin status of the cells as oxygen uptake, malondialdehyde production and chemiluminescence were significantly higher in methaemoglobin-containing cells than in those containing oxyhaemoglobin.
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    Storage carbohydrates. D. H. Lewis, Cambridge University Press: Cambridge 284 + i-xi pages Price £35.00 (1984) (1986)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 4 (1986), S. 76-76 
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    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cbf.290040113
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    Role of transferrin in iron transport between maternal and fetal circulations of a perfused lobule of human placenta (1986)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 4 (1986), S. 69-74 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Placenta ; maternal-fetal exchange ; trophoblast ; transferrin ; iron ; receptor-mediated endocytosis ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The transfer of iron between the maternal and fetal circulations of an isolated perfused lobule of term human placenta was investigated using 125I-labelled or 59Fe-labelled diferric transferrin. There was negligible transplacental transfer of intact transferrin whereas nearly 4 per cent of the added 59Fe was transferred into the fetal circulation after 2 h, where it became associated with fetal transferrin. Over 20 per cent of the added 59Fe radioactivity was sequestered within the placental tissue during this period, associated with transferrin, ferritin and other uncharacterized molecules. This suggests an important role for an intracellular pool in regulating transfer. The presence of 10 mM chloroquine in the maternal circulation substantially reduced tissue accumulation of 59Fe and totally inhibited transfer to the fetus. It is concluded that the initial stages of iron transfer to the fetus involve the internalization of maternal iron-saturated transferrin bound to membrane receptors by receptor-mediated endocytosis, which can be inhibited by the drug chloroquine. Subsequently, the transplacental transfer of iron to the fetus does not involve the concommitant movement of transferrin.
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    Masthead (1986)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 4 (1986) 
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    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cbf.290040201
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    Free radicals, lipid peroxidation and cancer. Edited by D. C. H. McBrien and T. F. Slater, Academic Press: London, pages xii + 447 Price £39. (1982) (1986)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 4 (1986), S. 76-77 
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    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cbf.290040114
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    Enzymology of monoamine oxidase (1986)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 4 (1986), S. 79-87 
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    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cbf.290040202
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    Clinical chemistry of monoamine oxidase (1986)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 4 (1986), S. 89-97 
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    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
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    Some aspects of monoamine oxidase pharmacology (1986)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 4 (1986), S. 99-108 
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    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
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    Histochemistry of monoamine oxidase activity (1986)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 4 (1986), S. 109-110 
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    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
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    Is the saccharide component of the insulin receptor involved in hormonal imprinting? (1986)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 4 (1986), S. 111-114 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Insulin receptor ; unicellular model system ; hormonal imprinting ; Conacanavalin-A ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Hormonal imprinting takes place at the first interaction of a given hormone with the cell (the Tetrahymena in the present case) and accounts for a greater responsiveness to the hormone on re-exposure(s). The Tetrahymena is able to bind insulin and Concanavalin-A (Con-A) as well. Exposure to both ligands - simultaneously or in sequence - enhances the binding of both in the progeny generations. It follows that the lectin, which inhibits insulin binding by direct action, enhances rather than depresses the effect of insulin-induced imprinting.
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    Fasting-induced dissociation of cationic and secretory events in pancreatic islets (1986)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 4 (1986), S. 123-130 
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    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Fasting ; pancreatic islets ; insulin release ; 45Ca and 86Rb fluxes ; glucose ; 2-ketoisocaproate ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: In pancreatic islets removed from 48 h-fasted rats, as distinct from fed animals, the release of insulin evoked by D-glucose is more severely impaired than that evoked by 2-ketoisocaproate. This decreased secretory response to D-glucose contrasts with an unimpaired cationic response to the sugar in terms of the glucose-induced decrease in both 86Rb and 45Ca outflow from pre-labelled islets. Likewise, fasting only causes a modest decrease of the secondary rise in 45Ca outflow evoked by D-glucose in islets perifused at normal Ca2+ concentration. The latter decrease appears more marked, however, if the cationic response to glucose is expressed relative to that evoked by 2-ketoisocaproate in islets removed from rats in the same nutritional state. It is concluded that, in the process of nutrient-stimulated insulin release, neither the decrease in K+ conductance (inhibition of 86Rb outflow) nor the sequestration of Ca2+ by intracellular organelles and/or direct inhibition of Ca2+ outward transport (decrease in 45Ca outflow) represent the sole determinant(s) of the subsequent gating of Ca2+ channels (secondary rise in 45Ca efflux).
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    Effects of hydrocortisone on carbohydrase concentrations, de novo synthesis and turnover patterns in immature rat intestine (1986)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 4 (1986), S. 131-142 
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    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Cortisone ; immature intestine ; carbohydrase concentration ; de novo synthesis ; turnover ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Hydrocortisone administration to infant rats enhanced cellobiase and maltase activities and induced precocious expression of sucrase and trehalase activities along the length of the small intestine. These activity changes reflected proportional concentration increases in the enzymes lactase (EC 3.2.1.23), maltase/glucoamylase (EC 3.2.1.20) and sucrase-isomaltase (EC 3.2.1.48/10). Administration of an equivalent tracer dose of [3H]leucine (by body weight) to control and hydrocortisone-treated infant rats resulted in greater accumulation of label in the carbohydrase pools of the treated rats, suggesting their increased de novo synthesis. The increased concentrations of lactase and maltase/glucoamylase induced by exogenous hydrocortisone were matched by the presence of corresponding greater amounts of label in their brush border pools. Accumulation of label in each of the lactase, maltase/glucoamylase and sucrase-isomaltase pools was generally similar in the hydrocortisone-treated rats, suggesting equivalent stimulation of their synthesis as a group by the humoral agent. The turnover rats of the carbohydrates as a group were found to be similar and did not appear to differ in control and hydrocortisone-treated rats. Total protein synthesis rates were slightly greater in the intestine of the hydrocortisone-treated group of rats.
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    Biochemical significance of enhanced activity of fluorinated 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 in human cultured cell lines (1986)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 4 (1986), S. 115-122 
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    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Calcitriol ; 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 ; fluorinated analogues ; hormone metabolism ; cell replication ; human cancer cells ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Several human cancer cells possess receptors for 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3[1,25-(OH)2D3]. In these cells 1,25-(OH)2D3 has a biphasic concentration-dependent regulatory effect on cell replication and specifically induces its own metabolism. We have studied the effects on these parameters of the native hormone together with those of two analogues fluorinated at the 24-carbon and of 1,24R,25-trihydroxyvitamin D3[1,24R,25-(OH)3D3]. The difluorinated analogue 24,24-difluoro-1,25-(OH)2D3[24,24-F2-1,25-(OH)2D3] is an approximately fivefold more potent inhibitor of cellular replication than the native hormone, while 1,24R,25-(OH)3D3 is about fivefold less potent. This enhanced potency of the fluorinated analogue parallels its enhanced potency in in vivo studies of its effects on calcium and mineral metabolism. However, although the analogue retains replication stimulatory activity, it is clearly no more potent than the native hormone in this activity: 1,24R,25-(OH)3D3 has no significant stimulatory activity. Exposure of the cells to 1,25-(OH)2D3 at 0·05 nM for 6h increases the subsequent conversion of labelled hormone to aqueous phase soluble compounds by 6·7-fold. None of the other compounds had a similar effect at this concentration. At 10nM all 1-hydroxylated compounds increased aqueous phase radioactivity about equally (13 to 17-fold); this effect is still specific since 25-OH D3 had no such effect even at 10nM. Studies on the effects of the fluorinated analogues upon receptor binding of hormone in cell cytosols and uptake of hormone by intact cells clearly demonstrate that the enhanced activity of these analogues is not due to higher receptor affinity or more rapid access to intracellular receptor. These data suggest that this enhanced inhibitory potency, observed in these human cancer cells and by analogy their enhanced potency in vivo, is due to their resistance to metabolism by 24-hydroxylation. In view of our previous observations that 24-hydroxylation is part of the induced metabolic pathway, these data support the hypothesis that 24-hydroxylation is part of an inactivation pathway in these human target cells.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cbf.290040207
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    Effect of amiodarone on Na+-, K+-ATPase and Mg2+-ATPase activities in rat brain synaptosomesA report of these findings was made at the 25th annual conference of the Society of Toxicology, March 3-7, 1986, at New Orleans, LA. (1986)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 4 (1986), S. 143-151 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Amiodarone neuropathy ; Na-, K-ATPase ; Mg2-ATPase ; rat brain synaptosomes ; p-nitrophenyl phosphatase ; ion transport in CNS ; ATP turnover in CNS ; ouabain binding ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Amiodarone hydrochloride is a diiodinated antiarrhythmic agent widely used in the treatment of cardiac disorders. With the increasing use of amiodarone, several untoward effects have been recognized and neuropathy following amiodarone therapy has recently been reported. The present studies were carried out to study the effect of amiodarone on rat brain synaptosomal ATPase in an effort to understand its mechanism of action. Na+, K+-ATPase and oligomycin sensitive Mg2+ ATPase activities were inhibited by amiodarone in a concentration dependent manner with IC50 values of 50 μM and 10 μM respectively. [3H]ouabain binding was also decreased in a concentration dependent manner with an IC50 value of 12 μM, and 50 μM amiodarone totally inhibited [3H]ouabain binding. Kinetics of [3H]ouabain binding studies revealed that amiodarone inhibition of [3H]ouabain binding is competitive. K+-activated p-nitrophenyl phosphatase activity showed a maximum inhibition of 32 per cent at 200 μM amiodarone. Synaptosomal ATPase activities did not show any change in rats treated with amiodarone (20mg kg-1 day-1) for 6 weeks, when compared to controls. The treatment period may be short, since the reported neurological abnormalities in patients were observed during 3-5 years of treatment. The present results suggest that amiodarone induced neuropathy may be due to its interference with sodium dependent phosphorylation of Na+, K+-ATPase reaction, thereby affecting active ion transport phenomenon and oxidative phosphorylation resulting in low turnover of ATP in the nervous system.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cbf.290040210
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    Masthead (1986)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 4 (1986) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cbf.290040301
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  • 99
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    Enhanced glucose consumption in erythrocytes under mechanical stress (1986)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 4 (1986), S. 153-155 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Erythrocyte membrane ; biconcave shape ; glucose consumption ; mechanical energy ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: In this paper we study the question of whether the unique features of erythrocyte (biconcave shape, extremely high deformability etc.) result only from the specific structural characteristics of the membrane or whether the maintenance of these features is conditioned by the supply of chemical energy. It is shown that glucose, the main source of cell energy, is consumed at a markedly increased rate when there is appreciable mechanical stress of the cell. This observation supports the hypothesis that there is utilization of chemical energy for the mechanical needs of the membrane.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cbf.290040211
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  • 100
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    A microspectrofluorometric study of the effect of anthralin, an antipsoriatic drug, on cellular structures and metabolism (1986)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 4 (1986), S. 157-168 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Anthralin ; microspectrofluorometry ; psoriasis ; NAD(P)H ; cellular metabolism ; fibroblasts ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The microspectrofluorometric approach has been used to investigate in single living cells in culture fundamental questions raised by the use of anthralin, a potent antipsoriatic drug. This method allows fluorescence determinations on the intracellular fate of the drug as well as the recognition of structural and metabolic alterations induced by the drug. In the absence of demonstrable adduct formation with DNA, the antipsoriatic, i.e. antiproliferative effect of anthralin, has been attributed to its action at the level of mitochondria or at the level of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase which initiates the pentose phosphate shunt (cf. its prominent role in nucleic acid synthesis). Upon addition of 2·3 to 23 μ M anthralin to the L cell culture, the characteristic structure of the anthralin anion fluorescence spectrum is recognized almost immediately in the cytoplasm (much weaker in the nucleus) but disappears within minutes. The vital mitochondrial fluorescence probe dimethylaminostyryl-pyridinium-methyl-iodine reveals striking structural alterations of the mitochondria within 15 min after addition of the drug. At the same time, there is a stimulation of the transient NAD(P)+ reduction observed upon microinjection into the L cell of the Krebs' cycle substrate malate, or the pentose cycle substrate 6-phosphogluconate. Specially, the injection of the latter to anthralin-treated cells suggests that upon release of the mitochondrial control, there is a tremendous disruption of metabolic activity which could have profound consequences on the proliferative activity of the cell.These findings, while they open new possibilities for the intracellular evaluation of therapeutic agents, create also a challenge in understanding the complex and dynamic interrelationships between intracellular organelles and bioenergetic or biosynthetic pathways.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cbf.290040302
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