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  • 1
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Schlagwort(e): Biotic communities. ; Microbial ecology. ; Freshwater ecology. ; Marine ecology. ; Biogeography. ; Biodiversity. ; Biology Technique. ; Ecosystems. ; Microbial Ecology. ; Freshwater and Marine Ecology. ; Biogeosciences. ; Biodiversity. ; Biological Techniques.
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Part 1. Litter dynamics: chapter 1. Litter Input (Arturo Elosegi & Jesús Pozo) -- Chapter 2. Leaf Retention (Arturo Elosegi) -- chapter 3. Manipulating Litter Retention in Streams (Michael Dobson) -- chapter 4. Coarse Benthic Organic Matter (Jesús Pozo & Arturo Elosegi) -- chapter5. Leaching (Felix Bärlocher) -- Chapter 6. Leaf Mass Loss Estimated by the Litter-Bag Technique (Felix Bärlocher) -- Chapter7. Determining Litter Mass Loss by the Plant Tagging Approach (Kevin A. Kuehn & Mark O. Gessner) -- Chapter 8. Wood Decomposition (Arturo Elosegi, Maite Arroita & Libe Solagaistua) -- Chapter9. Decomposition of Fine Particulate Organic Matter (Yoshimura Chihiro) -- Chapter10. Coarse Particulate Organic Matter Budgets (Jesús Pozo & Jon Molinero) -- Part 2. Chemical and Physical Leaf Properties. Chapter11. Total Phosphorus, Nitrogen, and Carbon in Leaf Litter (Mogens R. Flindt, Ana I. Lillebø, Javier Pérez & Verónica Ferreira) -- Chapter12. Total Protein (Mark O. Baerlocher) -- Chapter13. Free Amino Acids (Shawn D. Mansfield & Mark O. Baerlocher) -- chapter14. Determination of Total Carbohydrates (Shawn D. Mansfield) -- chapter15. Determination of Soluble Carbohydrates (Letitia da Ros, Faride Unda, Shawn D. Mansfield) -- Chapter16. Total Lipids (Mark O. Gessner & Paul T. M. Neumann) -- Chapter17. Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Decomposing Leaf Litter (Eric Von Elert) -- Chapter18. Total Phenolics (Felix Bärlocher & Manuel A.S. Graça) -- Chapter19. Radial Diffusion Assay for Tannins (Manuel A.S. Graça & Felix Bärlocher) -- Chapter20. Acid Butanol Assay to Determine Bulk Concentrations of Condensed Tannins (Mark O. Gessner & Daniel Steiner) -- Chapter21. Lignin and Cellulose (Mark O. Gessner) -- Chapter22. Physical Litter Properties: Leaf Toughness and Tensile Strength (Manuel A.S. Graça & Martin Zimmer) -- Part 3. Microbial Decomposers. Chapter23. Techniques for Handling Ingoldian Fungi (Enrique Descals) -- Chapter24. Maintenance of Aquatic Hyphomycete Cultures (Ludmila Marvanová) -- Chapter 25. An Illustrated Key to the Common Temperate Species of Aquatic Hyphomycetes (Vladislav Gulis, Ludmila Marvanová & Enrique Descals) -- Chapter26. Sporulation by Aquatic Hyphomycetes (Felix Bärlocher) -- Chapter 27. Ergosterol as a Measure of Fungal Biomass (Mark O. Gessner) -- Chapter 28. Fungal Growth Rates and Production (Keller Suberkropp, Mark O. Gessner & Kevin A. Kuehn) -- Chapter 29. Bacterial Abundance and Biomass Determination in Plant Litter by Epifluorescence Microscopy (Nanna Buesing & Mark O. Gessner) -- Chapter 30. Growth and Production of Litter-Associated Bacteria (Nanna Buesing, Mark O. Gessner & Kevin A. Kuehn) -- Chapter 31. Isolation of Cellulose-Degrading Bacteria (Jürgen Marxsen) -- Chapter 32. ATP as a Measure of Microbial Biomass (Manuela Abelho) -- Chapter 33. Respiration of Litter-Associated Microbes and Invertebrates (Manuel A.S. Graça & Manuela Abelho) -- Part 4. Molecular Microbial Community Analyses. Chapter34. Terminal Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (T-Rflp) to Estimate Fungal Diversity (Liliya G. Nikolcheva & Felix Bärlocher) -- Chapter 35. Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis (DGGE) to Estimate Fungal Diversity (Liliya G. Nikolcheva & Felix Bärlocher) -- Chapter36. Quantitative Real-Time PCR (qPCR) to Estimate Molecular Fungal Abundance (Christiane Baschien & J. Steffen C. Carl) -- Chapter 37. Metabarcoding of Litter-associated Fungi and Bacteria (Sofia Duarte, Christian Wurzbacher & Sahadevan Seena) -- Chapter 38. Identifying Active Members of Litter Fungal Communities by Precursor rRNA (Martina Štursová & Petr Baldrian) -- Chapter 39. Gene Expression Analysis of Litter-Associated Fungi Using RNA-Seq (Elizabeth C. Bourne, Paul R. Johnston, Elisabeth Funk & Michael T. Monaghan) -- Chapter 40. Metaproteomics of Litter-associated Fungi (Katharina M. Keiblinger & Katharina Riedel) -- Part 5. Enzymatic Capabilities. Chapter 41. Extractellular Fungal Hydrolytic Enzyme Activity (Shawn D. Mansfield) -- chapter 42. Cellulases (Martin Zimmer) -- Chapter 43. Viscosimetric Determination of Endocellulase Activity (Björn Hendel & Jürgen Marxsen) -- Chapter 44. Fluorometric Determination of The Activity of β-Glucosidase and other Extracellular Hydrolytic Enzymes (Björn Hendel & Jürgen Marxsen) -- Chapter 45. Pectin-degrading Enzymes: Polygalacturonase and Pectin Lyase (Keller Suberkropp) -- chapter 46. Lignin-degrading Enzymes: Phenoloxidase and Peroxidase (Björn Hendel, Robert L. Sinsabaugh & Jürgen Marxsen) -- Chapter 47. Phenol Oxidation (Martin Zimmer) -- Chapter 48. Proteinase Activity: Azocoll and Thin-layer Enzyme Assay (Manuel A.S. Graça & Felix Bärlocher) -- Part 6. Litter Consumers. Chapter 49. Processing of Aquatic Invertebrates Colonizing Decomposing Litter (John S. Richardson) -- chapter 50. Identifying Stream Invertebrates as Plant Litter Consumers (Luz Boyero, Richard G. Pearson, Ricardo J. Albariño, Marcos Callisto, Francisco Correa-Araneda, Andrea C. Encalada, Marcelo Moretti, Alonso Ramírez, April Sparkman, Christopher M. Swan, Catherine M. Yule & Manuel A.S. Graça) -- chapter 51. Shredder Feeding and Growth Rates (Manuel A.S. Graça & José M. González) -- chapter 52. Feeding Preferences (Cristina Canhoto, Manuel A.S. Graça & Felix Bärlocher) -- chapter 53. Energy Budget of Shredders (Manuel A.S. Graça) -- chapter 54. The Role of Shredders in Litter Dynamics at Stream Scale (José M. González & Manuel A.S. Graça) -- Part 7. Litter Manipulations. Chapter 55. Manipulation of Leaf Litter Stoichiometry (Julio Arce-Funck, Vincent Felten, Michael Danger) -- Chapter 56. Isotopic Labelling of Leaf-litter Nitrogen (Bernd Zeller, Severine Bienaimé & Etienne Dambrine) -- Chapter 57. Decomposition and Consumption Tablets (DECOTABSs) (Gea H. van Der Lee, Ellard R. Hunting, J. Arie Vonk & Michiel H.S. Kraak) -- chapter 58. Inoculation of Leaf Litter with Aquatic Hyphomycetes (Eric Chauvet) -- Part 8. Data Analyses. Chapter 59. A Primer for Statistical Analysis (Felix Bärlocher) -- Chapter 60. Determining Temperature-normalized Decomposition Rates (Mark O. Gessner & Frank Peeters) -- Chapter 61. Biodiversity Analysis (Felix Bärlocher) -- Chapter 62. A Bioinformatics Primer for the Analysis of Illumina MiSeq Data of Litter-associated Fungi and Bacteria (Sahadevan Seena, Sofia Duarte & Christian Wurzbacher) -- Chapter 63. A Primer for Meta-Analysis (Verónica Ferreira & Felix Bärlocher).
    Kurzfassung: This edited volume is an extensive collection of methods for investigating plant litter dynamics in ecosystems. Particular emphasis is placed on litter decomposition in streams and rivers. The presented methods range from analyses of chemical and physical litter properties to the taxonomic and functional characterization of microbial decomposers, both fungi and bacteria, assessments of litter-consuming invertebrates, and procedures to determine litter dynamics at the stream ecosystem level. Several chapters addressing general topics of data analysis are also included. This second edition of the book has been greatly expanded. Its now 63 chapters cover both well-established and recently elaborated techniques, some of which have not yet been applied to decomposing litter in streams. Modern molecular techniques ranging from next-generation sequencing to proteomics receive special attention among the 20 chapters that are entirely new. Numerous methods on characterizing litter consumers have also been added to fill an evident gap of the first edition. However, the basic original concept and all of the previous chapters have been retained, although most of them have been thoroughly updated. Typical contributions provide step-by-step protocols that are preceded by brief reviews of the ecological significance and the principles underlying the method. Where available, short compilations of published data have been added in overview tables to provide background information on the range of results to expect. Useful hints, a discussion of potential weaknesses, and key references are provided at the end. Hands-on material useful to implement several of the presented methods (e.g. computer code, calculation sheets) is available online. The book is written for students embarking on studies of plant litter dynamics and for established researchers wishing to expand the scope of their methodological toolbox to study litter decomposition and the microbial decomposers and invertebrates involved in the process. The primary intended audience is aquatic ecologists, since many of the methods presented in the book focus on streams and stream organisms. However, the great majority of the protocols can be easily adapted or even directly applied to coastal and terrestrial ecosystems. Consequently, they should be of equal interest to scientists investigating plant litter dynamics in habitats such as mangroves and salt-marshes, terrestrial grasslands and forests.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    Seiten: XXV, 604 p. 89 illus., 37 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Ausgabe: 2nd ed. 2020.
    ISBN: 9783030305154
    DDC: 577
    Sprache: Englisch
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    Schlagwort(e): Archaeology. ; Physical geography. ; Social sciences. ; Humanities. ; Archaeology. ; Earth System Sciences. ; Humanities and Social Sciences.
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Chapter 1. Prehistoric Archaeology of the European Continental Shelf: Introduction and Overview (Geoff Bailey, Nena Galanidou, Hans Peeters, Hauke Jöns and Moritz Mennenga) -- Part I: The Baltic and Scandinavia -- Chapter 2. The Baltic and Scandinavia: Introduction (Geoff Bailey and Hauke Jöns) -- Chapter 3. Denmark: Mesolithic Coastal Landscapes Submerged (Geoff Bailey, Søren Andersen and Thijs Maarleveld) -- Chapter 4. Sweden: Submerged Landscapes of the Early Mesolithic (Björn Nilsson, Anton Hansson and Arne Sjöström) -- Chapter 5. Germany: Submerged Sites in the South-Western Baltic and the Wadden Sea (Hauke Jöns, Friedrich Lüth, Svea Mahlstedt, Julia Goldhammer, Sönke Hartz and Hans-Joachim Kühn) -- Chapter 6. Norway: Submerged Stone Age from a Norwegian Perspective (Håkon Glørstad, Jostein Gundersen, Frode Kvalø, Pål Nymoen, David Simpson and Birgitte Skar) -- Part II: The Atlantic Margin and the North Sea -- Chapter 7. The Atlantic Margin and the North Sea: Introduction (Hans Peeters, Fraser Sturt and Kieran Westley) -- Chapter 8. The Netherlands: Probing into the Submerged Prehistoric Archaeology, Landscapes and Palaeontology of the Dutch Continental Shelf (Hans Peeters and Luc Amkreutz) -- Chapter 9. Belgium: Prehistoric and Protohistoric Archaeology in the Intertidal and Subtidal Zones of the North Sea (Marnix Pieters, Tine Missiaen, Maikel De Clercq, Ine Demerre and Sven Van Haelst) -- Chapter 10. Great Britain: The Intertidal and Underwater Archaeology of Britain’s Submerged Landscapes (Geoff Bailey, Garry Momber, Martin Bell, Louise Tizzard, Karen Hardy, Lauren Tidbury, Jonathan Benjamin, Andrew Bicket and Alex Hale) -- Chapter 11. Ireland: Submerged Prehistoric Sites and Landscapes (Kieran Westley and Peter Woodman) -- Chapter 12. France: Submerged Prehistory on Atlantic and Mediterranean Coasts (Cyrille Billard, Marie-Yvane Daire and Chloé Martin, with contributions by Yves Billaud, Catherine Bizien-Jaglin, Antoine Chancerel, Dominique Cliquet, Nathalie Fourment, Henri Gandois, Briagell Huet, Marine Laforge, Loïc Langouët, Luc Laporte, Jean-Marc Large, Frédéric Leroy, Elias López-Romero, Léopold Maurel, Jean-Laurent Monnier, Pierre Régaldo, Anne Ropars, Pierre Stéphan and Luc Vallin) -- Chapter 13. Spain: Underwater Exploration on a Narrow Continental Shelf (Pablo Arias) -- Chapter 14. Portugal: Intertidal Archaeology and Submerged Coastal Landscapes (Nuno Bicho, Leandro Infantini and João Marreiros) -- Part III: The Mediterranean and the Black Sea -- Chapter 15. The Mediterranean and the Black Sea: Introduction (Nena Galanidou and Geoff Bailey) -- Chapter 16. Italy: The Archaeology of Palaeoshorelines, Coastal Caves and Seafaring Connections (Elena Flavia Castagnino Berlinghieri, Fabrizio Antonioli and Geoff Bailey) -- Chapter 17. Malta: Submerged Landscapes and Early Navigation (Timmy Gambin) -- Chapter 18. Croatia: Submerged Prehistoric Sites in a Karstic Landscape (Irena Radić Rossi, Ivor Karavanić and Valerija Butorac) -- Chapter 19. Greece: Unstable Landscapes and Underwater Archaeology (Nena Galanidou, Katerina Dellaporta and Dimitris Sakellariou) -- Chapter 20. Bulgaria: Sea-Level Change and Submerged Settlements on the Black Sea (Preslav Peev, Helen Farr, Vladimir Slavchev, Michael J Grant, Jon Adams and Geoff Bailey) -- Chapter 21. The Ukraine: In Search of Submerged Late Palaeolithic Sites on the North-Western Black Sea Shelf (Sergey Kadurin, Valentina Yanko-Hombach and Olena Smyntyna) -- Chapter 22. Cyprus: The Submerged Final Palaeolithic of Aspros Dive Site C (Albert J Ammerman) -- Chapter 23. Israel: Submerged Prehistoric Sites and Settlements on the Mediterranean Coastline—the Current State of the Art (Ehud Galili, Baruch Rosen, Mina Weinstein Evron, Israel Hershkovitz, Vered Eshed and Liora Kolska Horwitz) -- Part IV: The Legal, Historical and Industrial Context of Underwater Heritage -- Chapter 24. The Legal, Historical and Industrial Context of Underwater Heritage: Introduction (Hans Peeters, Geoff Bailey and Nena Galanidou) -- Chapter 25. Continental Shelf Archaeology and International Law (Sarah Dromgoole) -- Chapter 26. Seabed Infrastructure Projects, Underwater Cultural Heritage and The Environmental Assessment Process: The UK Example (Christopher Pater) -- Chapter 27. Beam Trawls and Bones: A Reflection on Dutch Fisheries (Thijs J. Maarleveld) -- Appendix.
    Kurzfassung: This open access volume provides for the first time a comprehensive description and scientific evaluation of underwater archaeological finds referring to human occupation of the continental shelf around the coastlines of Europe and the Mediterranean when sea levels were lower than present. These are the largest body of underwater finds worldwide, amounting to over 2500 find spots, ranging from individual stone tools to underwater villages with unique conditions of preservation. The material reviewed here ranges in date from the Lower Palaeolithic period to the Bronze Age and covers 20 countries bordering all the major marine basins from the Atlantic coasts of Ireland and Norway to the Black Sea, and from the western Baltic to the eastern Mediterranean. The finds from each country are presented in their archaeological context, with information on the history of discovery, conditions of preservation and visibility, their relationship to regional changes in sea-level and coastal geomorphology, and the institutional arrangements for their investigation and protection. Editorial introductions summarise the findings from each of the major marine basins. There is also a final section with extensive discussion of the historical background and the legal and regulatory frameworks that inform the management of the underwater cultural heritage and collaboration between offshore industries, archaeologists and government agencies. The volume is based on the work of COST Action TD0902 SPLASHCOS, a multi-disciplinary and multi-national research network supported by the EU-funded COST organisation (European Cooperation in Science and Technology). The primary readership is research and professional archaeologists, marine and Quaternary scientists, cultural-heritage managers, commercial and governmental organisations, policy makers, and all those with an interest in the sea floor of the continental shelf and the human impact of changes in climate, sea-level and coastal geomorphology.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    Seiten: XXVIII, 561 p. 278 illus., 242 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Ausgabe: 1st ed. 2020.
    ISBN: 9783030373672
    Serie: Coastal Research Library, 35
    DDC: 930.1
    Sprache: Englisch
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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