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  • PANGAEA  (422,718)
  • Public Library of Science  (275,023)
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  • 1
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    Hydrological and volcano-related gravity signals at Mt. Somma–Vesuvius from ∼20 yr of time-lapse gravity monitoring: implications for volcano quiescence (2024)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-27
    Description: This article has been accepted for publication in Geophysical Journal International ©:The Author(s) 2023. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Royal Astronomical Society. All rights reserved.Uploaded in accordance with the publisher's self-archiving policy. All rights reserved.
    Description: We report on about 20 yr of relative gravity measurements, acquired on Mt. Somma–Vesuvius volcano in order to investigate the hydrological and volcano-tectonic processes controlling the present-day activity of the volcano. The retrieved long-term field of time gravity change (2003–2022) shows a pattern essentially related to the subsidence, which have affected the central part of the volcano, as detected by the permanent GNSS network and InSAR data. After reducing the observations for the effect of vertical deformation, no significant residuals are found, indicating no significant mass accumulation or loss within the volcanic system. In the north-western sector of the study area, at the border of the volcano edifice, however, significant residual positive gravity changes are detected which are associated to ground-water rebound after years of intense exploitation of the aquifers. On the seasonal timescale, we find that stations within the caldera rim are affected by the seasonal hydrological effects, while the gravity stations at the base of the Vesuvius show a less clear correlation. Furthermore, within the caldera rim a multiyear gravity transient is detected with an increase phase lasting about 4 yr followed by a slower decrease phase. Analysis of rain data seem to exclude a hydrological origin, hence, we hypothesize a deeper source related to the geothermal activity, which can be present even if the volcano is in a quiescent state. We infer the depth and volume of the source by inverting the spatial pattern of the gravity field at the peak of the transient. A volume of fluids of 9.5 × 107 m3 with density of 1000 kg m−3 at 2.3 km depth is capable to fit reasonably well the observations. To explain the gravity transient, simple synthetic models are produced, that simulate the ascent of fluids from a deep reservoir up to the depth of 2.3 km and a successive diffusion within the carbonate aquifer hosting the geothermal system. The whole process appears to not significantly affect the seismicity rate and the deformation of the volcano. This study demonstrates the importance of a 4-D gravity monitoring of a volcano to understand its complex gravity signals that cover different spatial and temporal scales. Discriminating the different contributions that mix up in the observed gravity changes, in particular those due to hydrologic/anthropogenic activities form those due to the geothermal dynamics, is fundamental for a complete and reliable evaluation of the volcano state.
    Description: Published
    Description: 1565–1580
    Description: OSV2: Complessità dei processi vulcanici: approcci multidisciplinari e multiparametrici
    Description: JCR Journal
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 2
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    Pollen analyses of sediment core GeoB9508-5 (2012)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Bouimetarhan, Ilham; Prange, Matthias; Schefuß, Enno; Dupont, Lydie M; Lippold, Jörg; Mulitza, Stefan; Zonneveld, Karin A F (2012): Sahel megadrought during Heinrich Stadial 1: evidence for a three-phase evolution of the low- and mid-level West African wind system. Quaternary Science Reviews, 58, 66-76, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2012.10.015
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-27
    Description: Millennial-scale dry events in the Northern Hemisphere monsoon regions during the last Glacial period are commonly attributed to southward shifts of the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) associated with an intensification of the northeasterly (NE) trade wind system during intervals of reduced Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC). Through the use of high-resolution last deglaciation pollen records from the continental slope off Senegal, our data show that one of the longest and most extreme droughts in the western Sahel history, which occurred during the North Atlantic Heinrich Stadial 1 (HS1), displayed a succession of three major phases. These phases progressed from an interval of maximum pollen representation of Saharan elements between ~19 and 17.4 kyr BP indicating the onset of aridity and intensified NE trade winds, followed by a millennial interlude of reduced input of Saharan pollen and increased input of Sahelian pollen, to a final phase between ~16.2 and 15 kyr BP that was characterized by a second maximum of Saharan pollen abundances. This change in the pollen assemblage indicates a mid-HS1 interlude of NE trade wind relaxation, occurring between two distinct trade wind maxima, along with an intensified mid-tropospheric African Easterly Jet (AEJ) indicating a substantial change in West African atmospheric processes. The pollen data thus suggest that although the NE trades have weakened, the Sahel drought remained severe during this time interval. Therefore, a simple strengthening of trade winds and a southward shift of the West African monsoon trough alone cannot fully explain millennial-scale Sahel droughts during periods of AMOC weakening. Instead, we suggest that an intensification of the AEJ is needed to explain the persistence of the drought during HS1. Simulations with the Community Climate System Model indicate that an intensified AEJ during periods of reduced AMOC affected the North African climate by enhancing moisture divergence over the West African realm, thereby extending the Sahel drought for about 4000 years.
    Keywords: 293; Center for Marine Environmental Sciences; GeoB9508-5; Gravity corer (Kiel type); M65/1; MARUM; Meteor (1986); SL
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 5 datasets
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  • 3
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    Dinoflagellate cysts and pollen distribution of marine surface sediments off West Africa (2009)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Bouimetarhan, Ilham; Marret, Fabienne; Dupont, Lydie M; Zonneveld, Karin A F (2009): Dinoflagellate cyst distribution in marine surface sediments off West Africa (6-17°N) in relation to sea-surface conditions, freshwater input and seasonal coastal upwelling. Marine Micropaleontology, 71(3-4), 113-130, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marmicro.2009.02.001
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-27
    Description: An organic-walled dinoflagellate cyst analysis was carried out on 53 surface sediment samples from West Africa (17-6°N) to obtain insight in the relationship between their spatial distribution and hydrological conditions in the upper water column as well as marine productivity in the study area. Multivariate analysis of the dinoflagellate cyst relative abundances and environmental parameters of the water column shows that sea-surface temperature, salinity, marine productivity and bottom water oxygen are the factors that relate significantly to the distribution patterns of individual species in the region. The composition of cyst assemblages and dinoflagellate cyst concentrations allows the identification of four hydrographic regimes; 1) the northern regime between 17 and 14°N characterized by high productivity associated with seasonal coastal upwelling, 2) the southern regime between 12 and 6°N associated with high-nutrient waters influenced by river discharge 3) the intermediate regime between 14 and 12°N influenced mainly by seasonal coastal upwelling additionally associated with fluvial input of terrestrial nutrients and 4) the offshore regime characterized by low chlorophyll-a concentrations in upper waters and high bottom water oxygen concentrations. Our data show that cysts of Polykrikos kofoidii, Selenopemphix quanta, Dubridinium spp., Echinidinium species, cysts of Protoperidinium monospinum and Spiniferites pachydermus are the best proxies to reconstruct the boundary between the NE trade winds and the monsoon winds in the subtropical eastern Atlantic Ocean. The association of Bitectatodinium spongium, Lejeunecysta oliva, Quinquecuspis concreta, Selenopemphix nephroides, Trinovantedinium applanatum can be used to reconstruct past river outflow variations within this region.
    Keywords: 286; 287; 288; 289; 290; 291; 293; 295; 297; 298; 300; 301; 302; 303; 304; 305; 306; 307; 310; 311; 312; 313; 314; 316; 317; 318; 319; 320; 321; 322; 323; 324; 326; 327; 329; 330; 331; 371; 376; 388; Atlantic Ocean; Center for Marine Environmental Sciences; Eckernfoerder Bay; GeoB9501-4; GeoB9502-5; GeoB9503-3; GeoB9503-5; GeoB9504-4; GeoB9505-3; GeoB9506-3; GeoB9508-4; GeoB9510-3; GeoB9512-4; GeoB9513-5; GeoB9515-2; GeoB9516-4; GeoB9517-5; GeoB9518-4; GeoB9519-6; GeoB9520-4; GeoB9521-3; GeoB9522-2; GeoB9525-5; GeoB9526-4; GeoB9527-6; GeoB9528-1; GeoB9529-1; GeoB9531-2; GeoB9532-1; GeoB9533-3; GeoB9534-4; GeoB9535-5; GeoB9536-4; GeoB9537-4; GeoB9538-5; GeoB9539-1; GeoB9541-1; GeoB9542-1; GeoB9544-1; GeoB9545-1; GeoB9546-1; GEOTROPEX 83, NOAMP I; Giant box corer; GIK16402-1; GIK16404-1; GIK16405-1; GIK16407-1; GIK16414-1; GIK16421-1; GIK16425-1; GIK16437-3; GIK16558-1; GIK16755-1; GIK16764-1; GIK16765-1; GIK16766-1; GIK16767-1; GIK16768-1; GIK16769-1; GKG; Gravity corer (Kiel type); LI198x; Littorina; M6/5; M65; M65/1; MARUM; Mauritania Canyon; Meteor (1964); Meteor (1986); MUC; MultiCorer; off Guinea; SL; van Veen Grab; VGRAB
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 2 datasets
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  • 4
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    Pollen and organic-walled dinoflagellate cyst assemblages of sediment core GeoB9503-5 (2009)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Bouimetarhan, Ilham; Dupont, Lydie M; Schefuß, Enno; Mollenhauer, Gesine; Mulitza, Stefan; Zonneveld, Karin A F (2009): Palynological evidence for climatic and oceanic variability off NW Africa during the late Holocene. Quaternary Research, 72(2), 188-197, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yqres.2009.05.003
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-27
    Description: Pollen and organic-walled dinoflagellate cyst assemblages from core GeoB 9503-5 retrieved from the mud-belt ( 50 m water depth) off the Senegal River mouth have been analyzed to reconstruct short-term palaeoceanographic and palaeoenvironmental changes in subtropical NW Africa during the time interval from ca. 4200 to 1200 cal yr BP. Our study emphasizes significant coeval changes in continental and oceanic environments in and off Senegal and shows that initial dry conditions were followed by a strong and rapid increase in humidity between ca. 2900 and 2500 cal yr BP. After ca. 2500 cal yr BP, the environment slowly became drier again as indicated by slight increases in Sahelian savannah and desert elements in the pollen record. Around ca. 2200 cal yr BP, this relatively dry period ended with periodic pulses of high terrigenous contributions and strong fluctuations in fern spore and river plume dinoflagellate cyst percentages as well as in the fluxes of pollen, dinoflagellate cysts, fresh-water algae and plant cuticles, suggesting "episodic flash flood" events of the Senegal River. The driest phase developed after about 2100 cal yr BP.
    Keywords: 288; Center for Marine Environmental Sciences; GeoB9503-5; Gravity corer (Kiel type); M65/1; MARUM; Meteor (1986); SL
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 3 datasets
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  • 5
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    Microcharcoal concentration and elongation, and age model of sediment core MD96-2098 (2015)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Daniau, Anne-Laure; Sanchez Goñi, Maria Fernanda; Martinez, Philippe; Urrego, Dunia H; Bout-Roumazeilles, Viviane; Desprat, Stéphanie; Marlon, Jennifer R (2013): Orbital-scale climate forcing of grassland burning in southern Africa. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 110(13), 5069-5073, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1214292110
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-27
    Description: Although grassland and savanna occupy only a quarter of the world's vegetation, burning in these ecosystems accounts for roughly half the global carbon emissions from fire. However, the processes that govern changes in grassland burning are poorly understood, particularly on time scales beyond satellite records. We analyzed microcharcoal, sediments, and geochemistry in a high-resolution marine sediment core off Namibia to identify the processes that have controlled biomass burning in southern African grassland ecosystems under large, multimillennial-scale climate changes. Six fire cycles occurred during the past 170,000 y in southern Africa that correspond both in timing and magnitude to the precessional forcing of north-south shifts in the Intertropical Convergence Zone. Contrary to the conventional expectation that fire increases with higher temperatures and increased drought, we found that wetter and cooler climates cause increased burning in the study region, owing to a shift in rainfall amount and seasonality (and thus vegetation flammability). We also show that charcoal morphology (i.e., the particle's length-to-width ratio) can be used to reconstruct changes in fire activity as well as biome shifts over time. Our results provide essential context for understanding current and future grassland-fire dynamics and their associated carbon emissions.
    Keywords: CALYPSO; Calypso Corer; IMAGES; IMAGES II; International Marine Global Change Study; Lüderitz Transect; Marion Dufresne (1995); MD105; MD962098; MD96-2098
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 2 datasets
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  • 6
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    Organic-walled dinoflagellate cyst analysis of sediment core GeoB8331-4 and from surface sediment samples off western South Africa (2017)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Zhao, Xueqin; Dupont, Lydie M; Schefuß, Enno; Bouimetarhan, Ilham; Wefer, Gerold (2017): Palynological evidence for Holocene climatic and oceanographic changes off western South Africa. Quaternary Science Reviews, 165, 88-101, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2017.04.022
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-27
    Description: Atmospheric and oceanographic interactions between the Atlantic and Indian Oceans influence upwelling in the southern Benguela upwelling system. In order to obtain a better knowledge of paleoceanographic and paleoenvironmental changes in the southern Benguela region during the Holocene, 12 marine surface sediment samples and one gravity core GeoB8331-4 from the Namaqualand mudbelt off the west coast of South Africa have been studied for organic-walled dinoflagellate cysts in high temporal resolution. The results are compared with pollen and geochemical records from the same samples. Our study emphasizes significantly distinct histories in upwelling intensity as well as the influence of fluvial input during the Holocene. Three main phases were identified for the Holocene. High percentages of cysts produced by autotrophic taxa like Operculodinium centrocarpum and Spiniferites spp. indicate warmer and stratified conditions during the early Holocene (9900-8400 cal. yr BP), suggesting reduced upwelling likely due to a northward shift of the southern westerlies. In contrast, the middle Holocene (8400-3100 cal. yr BP) is characterized by a strong increase in heterotrophic taxa in particular Lejeunecysta paratenella and Echinidinium spp. at the expense of autotrophic taxa. This indicates cool and nutrient-rich waters with active upwelling probably caused by a southward shift of the southern westerlies. During the late Holocene (3100 cal. yr BP to modern), Brigantedinium spp. and other abundant taxa interpreted to indicate fluvial nutrient input such as cyst of Protoperidinium americanum and Lejeunecysta oliva imply strong river discharge with high nutrient supply between 3100 and 640 cal. yr BP.
    Keywords: Center for Marine Environmental Sciences; MARUM; RAiN; Regional Archives for Integrated iNvestigations
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    Format: application/zip, 2 datasets
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  • 7
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    Documentation of sediment core GeoB9502-4 (2007)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-27
    Keywords: 287; Center for Marine Environmental Sciences; GeoB9502-4; Gravity corer (Kiel type); M65/1; MARUM; Meteor (1986); SL
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  • 8
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    Carbon isotopic composition of thermocline-dwelling planktonic foraminifera and Mg/Ca-based sea surface temperature from cores in the western and eastern South Atlantic for the last glacial period (2024)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-27
    Description: To comprehensively document the δ13C content of the South Atlantic Central Water (SACW), we used high-resolution thermocline-dwelling foraminiferal δ13C data obtained from three distinct marine sediment cores situated in the NW, SW, and SE regions of the South Atlantic. Our dataset enables a comprehensive examination of millennial-scale variations in SACW δ13C content across the entire basin. Notably, the thermocline δ13C records from the SE and NW sectors of the South Atlantic consistently exhibit concurrent negative excursions during most of the Heinrich Stadials (HS), a pattern that contrasts sharply with the absence of such negative excursions in the thermocline δ13C record from the SW sector of the South Atlantic
    Keywords: AWI_INSPIRES; Globorotalia inflata; Globorotalia truncatulinoides; iAtlantic; Integrated Assessment of Atlantic Marine Ecosystems in Space and Time; International Science Program for Integrative Research in Earth Systems; Mg/Ca-based sea surface temperature; SACW; South Atlantic; Thermodynamic isotopic air-sea equilibration
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 4 datasets
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  • 9
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    Documentation of sediment core GeoB9505-4 (2007)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-27
    Keywords: 290; Center for Marine Environmental Sciences; GeoB9505-4; Gravity corer (Kiel type); M65/1; MARUM; Meteor (1986); SL
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  • 10
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    Documentation of sediment core GeoB9510-1 (2007)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-27
    Keywords: 295; Center for Marine Environmental Sciences; GeoB9510-1; Gravity corer (Kiel type); M65/1; MARUM; Meteor (1986); SL
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  • 11
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    Documentation of sediment core GeoB9513-3 (2007)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-27
    Keywords: 298; Center for Marine Environmental Sciences; GeoB9513-3; Gravity corer (Kiel type); M65/1; MARUM; Meteor (1986); SL
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  • 12
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    Documentation of sediment core GeoB9518-5 (2007)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-27
    Keywords: 303; Center for Marine Environmental Sciences; GeoB9518-5; Gravity corer (Kiel type); M65/1; MARUM; Meteor (1986); SL
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  • 13
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    Documentation of sediment core GeoB9520-5 (2007)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-27
    Keywords: 305; Center for Marine Environmental Sciences; GeoB9520-5; Gravity corer (Kiel type); M65/1; MARUM; Meteor (1986); SL
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  • 14
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    Documentation of sediment core GeoB9526-5 (2007)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-27
    Keywords: 311; Center for Marine Environmental Sciences; GeoB9526-5; Gravity corer (Kiel type); M65/1; MARUM; Meteor (1986); SL
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  • 15
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    Documentation of sediment core GeoB9516-5 (2007)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-27
    Keywords: 301; Center for Marine Environmental Sciences; GeoB9516-5; Gravity corer (Kiel type); M65/1; MARUM; Meteor (1986); SL
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  • 16
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    Documentation of sediment core GeoB9528-3 (2007)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-27
    Keywords: 313; Center for Marine Environmental Sciences; GeoB9528-3; Gravity corer (Kiel type); M65/1; MARUM; Meteor (1986); SL
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  • 17
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    Seawater carbonate chemistry, POC, PIC, TPC, SPM, N, TEP and growth rate during experiments with coccolithophores Emiliania huxleyi (AC472), Calcidiscus leptoporus (AC370) and Syracosphaera pulchra (AC418) during experiments, 2011 (2011)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Laboratoire d'Océanographie de Villefranche | Supplement to: Fiorini, Sarah; Middelburg, Jack J; Gattuso, Jean-Pierre (2011): Effects of elevated CO2 partial pressure and temperature on the coccolithophore Syracosphaera pulchra. Aquatic Microbial Ecology, 64(3), 221-232, https://doi.org/10.3354/ame01520
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-27
    Description: The response of three coccolithophores (Emiliania huxleyi, Calcidiscus leptoporus and Syracosphaera pulchra) to elevated partial pressure (pCO2) of carbon dioxide was investigated in batch cultures. For the first time, we also report on the response of the non calcifying (haploid) life stage of these three species. The growth rate, cell size, inorganic (PIC) and organic carbon (POC) of both life stages were measured at two different pCO2 (400and 760 ppm) and their organic and inorganic carbon production calculated. The two lifestages within the same species generally exhibited a similar response to elevated pCO2, theresponse of the haploid stage being often more pronounced than that of the diploid stage. Thegrowth rate was consistently higher at higher pCO2 but the response of other processes varied among species. The calcification rate of C. leptoporus and of S. pulchra did not change at elevated pCO2 while increased in E. huxleyi. The POC production as well as the cell size of both life stages of S. pulchra and of the haploid stage of E. huxleyi markedly decreased at elevated pCO2. It remained unaltered in the diploid stage of E. huxleyi and C. leptoporus and increased in the haploid stage of the latter. The PIC:POC ratio increased in E. huxleyi and was constant in C. leptoporus and S. pulchra. These results suggest that the non-calcifying stage, is more responsive than the calcifying stage and that the most versatile genera will proliferate in a more acidic ocean rather than all coccolithophores will decline.
    Keywords: Alkalinity, Gran titration (Gran, 1950); Alkalinity, total; Aragonite saturation state; Bicarbonate ion; Biomass/Abundance/Elemental composition; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (〈20 L); Calcidiscus leptoporus; Calcification/Dissolution; Calcite saturation state; Calculated; Calculated, see reference(s); Calculated using seacarb; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010); Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbon, inorganic, particulate, per cell; Carbon, organic, particulate; Carbon, organic, particulate, per cell; Carbon, total, particulate; Carbon, total, particulate, per cell; Carbon, total, particulate, production per cell; Carbonate ion; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Chromista; Coulter Counter (Beckman Coulter); Emiliania huxleyi; EPOCA; EUR-OCEANS; European network of excellence for Ocean Ecosystems Analysis; European Project on Ocean Acidification; Experimental treatment; Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Growth/Morphology; Growth rate; Haptophyta; Laboratory experiment; Laboratory strains; Light:Dark cycle; Mass spectrometer Thermo Electron Flash EA 1122 Analyzer; Measured; Mediterranean Sea; Nitrogen; Nitrogen, total; Nitrogen per cell; OA-ICC; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Pelagos; pH; pH meter (Metrohm electrodes); Phytoplankton; Primary production/Photosynthesis; Radiation, photosynthetically active; Salinity; Sample ID; Single species; Skalar AutoAnalyser; Species; Suspended particulate matter; Syracosphaera pulchra; Temperature; Temperature, water; Transparent exopolymer particles; Transparent exopolymer particles per cell
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 1536 data points
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  • 18
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    Seawater carbonate chemistry, nutrients, particulate carbon and growth rate of Emiliania huxleyi (AC472), Calcidiscus leptoporus (AC370) and Syracosphaera pulchra (AC418) during experiments, 2011 (2011)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Fiorini, Sarah; Middelburg, Jack J; Gattuso, Jean-Pierre (2011): Testing the effects of elevated pCO2 on coccolithophores (Prymnesiophyceae): comparison between haploid and diploid life stages. Journal of Phycology, 47(6), 1281–1291, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1529-8817.2011.01080.x
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-27
    Description: The response of Emiliania huxleyi (Lohmann) W. W. Hay et H. Mohler, Calcidiscus leptoporus (G. Murray et V. H. Blackman) J. Schiller, andSyracosphaera pulchra Lohmann to elevated partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO2) was investigated in batch cultures. We reported on the response of both haploid and diploid life stages of these three species. Growth rate, cell size, particulate inorganic carbon (PIC), and particulate organic carbon (POC) of both life stages were measured at two different pCO2 (400 and 760 parts per million [ppm]), and their organic and inorganic carbon production were calculated. The two life stages within the same species generally exhibited a similar response to elevated pCO2, the response of the haploid stage being often more pronounced than that of the diploid stage. The growth rate was consistently higher at elevated pCO2, but the response of other processes varied among species. Calcification rate of C. leptoporusand of S. pulchra did not change at elevated pCO2, whereas it increased in E. huxleyi. POC production and cell size of both life stages of S. pulchra and of the haploid stage of E. huxleyi markedly decreased at elevated pCO2. It remained unaltered in the diploid stage of E. huxleyi and C. leptoporus and increased in the haploid stage of the latter. The PIC:POC ratio increased in E. huxleyi and was constant in C. leptoporus and S. pulchra. Elevated pCO2 has a significant effect on these three coccolithophore species, the haploid stage being more sensitive. This effect must be taken into account when predicting the fate of coccolithophores in the future ocean.
    Keywords: Alkalinity, Gran titration (Gran, 1950); Alkalinity, total; Aragonite saturation state; Bicarbonate ion; Biomass/Abundance/Elemental composition; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (〈20 L); Calcidiscus leptoporus; Calcidiscus leptoporus, standard deviation; Calcification/Dissolution; Calcite saturation state; Calculated; Calculated using seacarb; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010); Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbon, inorganic, particulate, per cell; Carbon, inorganic, particulate, production per cell; Carbon, organic, particulate, per cell; Carbon, organic, particulate, production per cell; Carbon/Nitrogen ratio; Carbon/Nitrogen ratio, standard deviation; Carbonate ion; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Chromista; Element analyser, Thermo Finnigan flash EA 1112; Emiliania huxleyi; Emiliania huxleyi, standard deviation; EPOCA; EUR-OCEANS; European network of excellence for Ocean Ecosystems Analysis; European Project on Ocean Acidification; Experimental treatment; Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Growth/Morphology; Growth rate; Growth rate, standard deviation; Haptophyta; Identification; Laboratory experiment; Laboratory strains; Lemaur hemocytometer (Fisher Scientific); Light:Dark cycle; Measured; Nitrate; OA-ICC; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Particulate inorganic carbon, production, standard deviation; Particulate inorganic carbon/particulate organic carbon ratio; Particulate inorganic carbon/particulate organic carbon ratio, standard deviation; Particulate inorganic carbon per cell, standard deviation; Particulate organic carbon, production, standard deviation; Particulate organic carbon content per cell, standard deviation; Pelagos; pH; pH meter (Metrohm electrodes); Phosphate; Phytoplankton; Phytoplankton, cell biovolume; Phytoplankton, cell biovolume, standard deviation; Primary production/Photosynthesis; Radiation, photosynthetically active; Salinity; Single species; South Pacific; Species; Syracosphaera pulchra; Syracosphaera pulchra, standard deviation; Temperature, water
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 492 data points
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  • 19
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    Pollen distribution of sediment core MD96-2048 from the Western Indian Ocean (2011)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Dupont, Lydie M; Caley, Thibaut; Kim, Jung-Hyun; Castañeda, Isla S; Malaizé, Bruno; Giraudeau, Jacques (2011): Glacial-interglacial vegetation dynamics in South Eastern Africa coupled to sea surface temperature variations in the Western Indian Ocean. Climate of the Past, 7(4), 1209-1224, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-7-1209-2011
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-27
    Description: Glacial-interglacial fluctuations in the vegetation of South Africa might elucidate the climate system at the edge of the tropics between the Indian and Atlantic Oceans. However, vegetation records covering a full glacial cycle have only been published from the eastern South Atlantic. We present a pollen record of the marine core MD96-2048 retrieved by the Marion Dufresne from the Indian Ocean ~120 km south of the Limpopo River mouth. The sedimentation at the site is slow and continuous. The upper 6 m (spanning the past 342 Ka) have been analysed for pollen and spores at millennial resolution. The terrestrial pollen assemblages indicate that during interglacials, the vegetation of eastern South Africa and southern Mozambique largely consisted of evergreen and deciduous forests. During glacials open mountainous scrubland dominated. Montane forest with Podocarpus extended during humid periods was favoured by strong local insolation. Correlation with the sea surface temperature record of the same core indicates that the extension of mountainous scrubland primarily depends on sea surface temperatures of the Agulhas Current. Our record corroborates terrestrial evidence of the extension of open mountainous scrubland (including fynbos-like species of the high-altitude Grassland biome) for the last glacial as well as for other glacial periods of the past 300 Ka.
    Keywords: Acacia; Acalypha; Acanthaceae; Afraegle; Afrormosia; Afzelia; Age model; Aizoaceae; Alchornea; Alismataceae; Allophylus; Aloe-type; Amaranthaceae/Chenopodiaceae; Anemia-type; Anthoceros; Anthospermum; Artemisia (Africa); Avicennia; Balanites; Baphia-type; Blighia-type; Borassus-type; Borreria; Boscia-type; Brachystegia; Bridelia; Burkea; Butyrospermum; Buxus-type madagascaria; Caesalpinioideae; CALYPSO; Calypso Corer; Campanulaceae; Canthium; Caperonia; Capparis; Caryophyllaceae; Cassia-type; Casuarina; Celastraceae/Hippocrateaceae; Celtis; Center for Marine Environmental Sciences; Cephalosphaera; Chrysophyllum; Cissus; Clematis-type; Cleome; Cliffortia; Cnestis-type; Coffea-type; Cola cordifolia; Combretaceae/Melastomataceae; Commelinaceae; Commiphora; Compositae Liguliflorae; Compositae Tubuliflorae; Compositae Vernonieae; Cotula-type; Counting, palynology; Crossopteryx; Crotalaria; Croton-type; Cucumis; Cussonia; Cuviera; Cynometra-type; Cyperaceae (africa); Daisy-type; Daniellia-type; Deinbollia-type; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Dialium-type; Dicliptera-type; Diospyros; Dodonaea villosa; Dombeya-type; Dracaena; Elaeis guineensis; Erica (Africa); Erythrina; Euclea; Eugenia; Euphorbia; Euphorbiaceae undifferentiated; Evolvulus-type; Fadogia-type; Fagonia; Fern spores; Flabellaria; Gaertnera; Galium; Garcinia; Gazania-type; Grewia; Gunnera perpensa; Haplocoelum; Heritiera-type; Hermannia; Hymenocardia; Hyphaene; Hypoestes type; Ilex cf.. mitis; Indigofera-type; Isoberlinia-type; Justicia-type; Khaya; Kigelia-type; Klaineanthus; Lannea; Leea; Leonotis; Liliaceae; Limnophyton-type; Lobelia (Africa); Lonchocarpus; Lophira; Luffa; Lumnitzera racemosa; Lycopodium (Africa); Lycopodium cernuum; Macaranga; Mallotus; Manilkara; Marion Dufresne (1995); Marker, added; Marker, found; MARUM; MD104; MD96-2048; Melochia; Millettia; Mimosoideae; Mitragyna; Moraceae; Morelia senegalensis; Myrica; Myrsine africana; Nyctaginaceae; Nymphaea; Ochna; Ocimum; Olea; Ormocarpum; Oxygonum; Pandanus; Papilionoideae; Parinari; Passerina montana; PEGASE; Pelargonium; Peltophorum africanum; Pentabrachion-type reticulatum; Pentzia-type; Petalidium; Petersianthus macrocarpus; Phaeoceros; Phoenix; Piliostigma; Piptadeniastrum-type africanum; Plantago; Poaceae undifferentiated; Podocarpus; Pollen, total; Polycarpaea-type; Polygonum aviculare-type; Polygonum senegalense-type; Protea; Pseudolachnostylis-type; Psychotria; Psydrax-type subcordata; Pteris; Pterocarpus; Raphia; Rauvolfia; Restionaceae; Rhamnaceae; Rhizophora; Rhus-type; Rhynchosia-type; Rubiaceae monade; Ruellia; Rumex; Sapotaceae; Sapotaceae/Meliaceae; Scabiosa-type; Schefflera; Schrebera; Scrophulariaceae (Africa); Securinega; Selago-type; Solanum; Sorindeia-type juglandifolia; Spirostachys africana; Stephanocolporate striatoreticulate; Sterculia-type; Stereospermum; Stipularia africana; Stoebe-type; Strophanthus-type; Strychnos; Sutera-type; Tamarindus-type indica; Tapinanthus; Teclea-type; Tephrosia-type; Tetrorchidium; Thymelaeaceae; Tribulus; Trichilia; Typha angustifolia-type; Uapaca; Urticaceae; Volume; Waltheria; Zaluzianskya-type; Zanthoxylum; Ziziphus-type; Zygophyllum
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 24360 data points
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  • 20
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    Seawater carbonate chemistry and biological processes of coccolithophore (Gephyrocapsa oceanica and Coccolithus pelagicus ssp. braarudii) during experiments, 2011 (2010)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Rickaby, Rosalind E M; Henderiks, Jorijntje; Young, J N (2010): Perturbing phytoplankton: response and isotopic fractionation with changing carbonate chemistry in two coccolithophore species. Climate of the Past, 6(6), 771-785, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-6-771-2010
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-27
    Description: All species of coccolithophore appear to respond to perturbations of carbonate chemistry in a different way. Here, we show that the degree of malformation, growth rate and stable isotopic composition of organic matter and carbonate produced by two contrasting species of coccolithophore (Gephyrocapsa oceanica and Coccolithus pelagicus ssp. braarudii) are indicative of differences between their photosynthetic and calcification response to changing DIC levels (ranging from ~1100 to ~7800 µmol/kg) at constant pH (8.13 ± 0.02). Gephyrocapsa oceanica thrived under all conditions of DIC, showing evidence of increased growth rates at higher DIC, but C. braarudii was detrimentally affected at high DIC showing signs of malformation, and decreased growth rates. The carbon isotopic fractionation into organic matter and the coccoliths suggests that C. braarudii utilises a common internal pool of carbon for calcification and photosynthesis but G. oceanica relies on independent supplies for each process. All coccolithophores appear to utilize bicarbonate as their ultimate source of carbon for calcification resulting in the release of a proton. But, we suggest that this proton can be harnessed to enhance the supply of CO2(aq) for photosynthesis either from a large internal HCO3- pool which acts as a pH buffer (C. braarudii), or pumped externally to aid the diffusive supply of CO2 across the membrane from the abundant HCO3- (G. oceanica), likely mediated by an internal and external carbonic anhydrase respectively. Our simplified hypothetical spectrum of physiologies may provide a context to understand different species response to changing pH and DIC, the species-specific delta p and calcite "vital effects", as well as accounting for geological trends in coccolithophore cell size.
    Keywords: Alkalinity, total; Aragonite saturation state; Bicarbonate ion; Biomass/Abundance/Elemental composition; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (〈20 L); Calcification/Dissolution; Calcite saturation state; Calculated, see reference(s); Calculated using CO2SYS; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010); Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbon, inorganic, particulate, per cell; Carbon, inorganic, particulate, production per cell; Carbon, organic, particulate; Carbon, organic, particulate, per cell; Carbon, organic, particulate, production per cell; Carbon, organic, particulate/Nitrogen, organic, particulate ratio; Carbon, total, particulate; Carbon, total, particulate, per cell; Carbon, total, particulate, production per cell; Carbonate ion; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Chromista; Coccolithus braarudii; Coccolithus braarudii, collapsed spheres; Coccolithus braarudii, intact spheres; Coccolithus braarudii, malformed; EPOCA; EUR-OCEANS; European network of excellence for Ocean Ecosystems Analysis; European Project on Ocean Acidification; Experimental treatment; Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Gephyrocapsa oceanica; Growth/Morphology; Growth rate; Haptophyta; Laboratory experiment; Laboratory strains; Light:Dark cycle; Mass spectrometer ANCA-SL 20-20 Europa Scientific; Mass spectrometer Finnigan Delta-S; Measured; Nitrogen, organic, particulate; Nitrogen, organic, particulate, per cell; Nitrogen, organic, particulate, production per cell; Not applicable; OA-ICC; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Particulate inorganic carbon/particulate organic carbon ratio; Pelagos; pH; Phytoplankton; Primary production/Photosynthesis; Radiation, photosynthetically active; Salinity; Single species; Species; Temperature, water; δ13C, carbon dioxide, atmospheric; δ13C, dissolved inorganic carbon
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 1647 data points
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  • 21
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    Seawater carbonate chemistry and biological processes of Emiliania huxleyi (PML B92/11) during experiments, 2011 (2011)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Borchard, Corinna; Borges, Alberto Vieira; Händel, Nicole; Engel, Anja (2011): Biogeochemical response of Emiliania huxleyi (PML B92/11) to elevated CO2 and temperature under phosphorous limitation: A chemostat study. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 410, 61-71, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jembe.2011.10.004
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-27
    Description: The present study investigates the combined effect of phosphorous limitation, elevated partial pressure of CO2 (pCO2) and temperature on a calcifying strain of Emiliania huxleyi (PML B92/11) by means of a fully controlled continuous culture facility. Two levels of phosphorous limitation were consecutively applied by renewal of culture media (N:P = 26) at dilution rates (D) of 0.3 d- and 0.1 d-1. CO2 and temperature conditions were 300, 550 and 900 µatm pCO2 at 14 °C and 900 µatm pCO2 at 18 °C. In general, the steady state cell density and particulate organic carbon (POC) production increased with pCO2, yielding significantly higher concentrations in cultures grown at 900 µatm pCO2 compared to 300 and 550 µatm pCO2. At 900 µatm pCO2, elevation of temperature as expected for a greenhouse ocean, further increased cell densities and POC concentrations. In contrast to POC concentration, C-quotas (pmol C cell-1) were similar at D = 0.3 d-1 in all cultures. At D = 0.1 d-1, a reduction of C-quotas by up to 15% was observed in the 900 µatm pCO2 at 18 °C culture. As a result of growth rate reduction, POC:PON:POP ratios deviated strongly from the Redfield ratio, primarily due to an increase in POC. Ratios of particulate inorganic and organic carbon (PIC:POC) ranged from 0.14 to 0.18 at D = 0.3 d-1, and from 0.11 to 0.17 at D = 0.1 d-1, with variations primarily induced by the changes in POC. At D = 0.1 d-1, cell volume was reduced by up to 22% in cultures grown at 900 µatm pCO2. Our results indicate that changes in pCO2, temperature and phosphorus supply affect cell density, POC concentration and size of E. huxleyi (PML B92/11) to varying degrees, and will likely impact bloom development as well as biogeochemical cycling in a greenhouse ocean.
    Keywords: Alkalinity, total; Aragonite saturation state; Bicarbonate ion; Biomass/Abundance/Elemental composition; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (〈20 L); Calcite saturation state; Calculated, see reference(s); Calculated using CO2SYS; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010); Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbon, organic, particulate; Carbon, organic, particulate, production per cell; Carbon, organic, particulate/Nitrogen, organic, particulate ratio; Carbon, organic, particulate/Phosphorus, organic, particulate ratio; Carbonate ion; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Chromista; Colorimetry; Element analyser CNS, EURO EA; Emiliania huxleyi; EPOCA; EUR-OCEANS; European network of excellence for Ocean Ecosystems Analysis; European Project on Ocean Acidification; Experimental treatment; Experiment day; Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Haptophyta; Infrared gas analyzer (LI-COR LI-6252); Laboratory experiment; Laboratory strains; Light:Dark cycle; Macro-nutrients; Measured; Nitrate; Nitrogen, inorganic, dissolved; Nitrogen, organic; Nitrogen, organic, particulate/Phosphorus, organic, particulate ratio; Not applicable; OA-ICC; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Particulate organic carbon, per cell; Particulate organic carbon production; Particulate organic nitrogen per cell; Particulate organic nitrogen production; Particulate organic phosphorus per cell; Particulate organic phosphorus production; Pelagos; pH; Phosphate; Phosphorus, inorganic; Phosphorus, organic, particulate; Phosphorus, organic, particulate, production per cell; Phytoplankton; Primary production/Photosynthesis; Production of particulate organic nitrogen; Radiation, photosynthetically active; Revelle factor; Salinity; Salinometer - Tropic Marin Sea Salt, Dr. Biener GmbH, Germany; Sample ID; Single species; Spectrophotometry; Temperature; Temperature, water; WTW 340i pH-analyzer and WTW SenTix 81-electrode
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 1068 data points
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  • 22
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    Adaptive evolution of a key phytoplankton species to ocean acidification (2012)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Lohbeck, Kai T; Riebesell, Ulf; Reusch, Thorsten B H (2012): Adaptive evolution of a key phytoplankton species to ocean acidification. Nature Geoscience, 5(5), 346-351, https://doi.org/10.1038/ngeo1441
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-27
    Description: Ocean acidification, the drop in seawater pH associated with the ongoing enrichment of marine waters with carbon dioxide from fossil fuel burning, may seriously impair marine calcifying organisms. Our present understanding of the sensitivity of marine life to ocean acidification is based primarily on short-term experiments, in which organisms are exposed to increased concentrations of CO2. However, phytoplankton species with short generation times, in particular, may be able to respond to environmental alterations through adaptive evolution. Here, we examine the ability of the world's single most important calcifying organism, the coccolithophore Emiliania huxleyi, to evolve in response to ocean acidification in two 500-generation selection experiments. Specifically, we exposed E. huxleyi populations founded by single or multiple clones to increased concentrations of CO2. Around 500 asexual generations later we assessed their fitness. Compared with populations kept at ambient CO2 partial pressure, those selected at increased partial pressure exhibited higher growth rates, in both the single- and multiclone experiment, when tested under ocean acidification conditions. Calcification was partly restored: rates were lower under increased CO2 conditions in all cultures, but were up to 50% higher in adapted compared with non-adapted cultures. We suggest that contemporary evolution could help to maintain the functionality of microbial processes at the base of marine food webs in the face of global change.
    Keywords: Alkalinity, total; Aragonite saturation state; Bicarbonate ion; BIOACID; Biological Impacts of Ocean Acidification; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (〈20 L); Calcification/Dissolution; Calcite saturation state; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010); Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbon, inorganic, particulate, per cell; Carbon, inorganic, particulate, production per cell; Carbon, organic, particulate, per cell; Carbon, organic, particulate, production per cell; Carbonate ion; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Cell size; Chromista; Emiliania huxleyi; Experiment; Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Growth/Morphology; Growth rate; Haptophyta; Laboratory experiment; Laboratory strains; Not applicable; OA-ICC; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Particulate inorganic carbon/particulate organic carbon ratio; Pelagos; pH; Phosphate; Phytoplankton; Salinity; Single species; Species; Temperature, water; Treatment
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 3150 data points
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  • 23
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    Seawater carbonate chemistry and processes during experiments with cyanobacterium Nodularia spumigena, 2009 (2009)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Czerny, Jan; Barcelos e Ramos, Joana; Riebesell, Ulf (2009): Influence of elevated CO2 concentrations on cell division and nitrogen fixation rates in the bloom-forming cyanobacterium Nodularia spumigena. Biogeosciences, 6(9), 1865-1875, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-6-1865-2009
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-27
    Description: The surface ocean absorbs large quantities of the CO2 emitted to the atmosphere from human activities. As this CO2 dissolves in seawater, it reacts to form carbonic acid. While this phenomenon, called ocean acidification, has been found to adversely affect many calcifying organisms, some photosynthetic organisms appear to benefit from increasing [CO2]. Among these is the cyanobacterium Trichodesmium, a predominant diazotroph (nitrogen-fixing) in large parts of the oligotrophic oceans, which responded with increased carbon and nitrogen fixation at elevated pCO2. With the mechanism underlying this CO2 stimulation still unknown, the question arises whether this is a common response of diazotrophic cyanobacteria. In this study we therefore investigate the physiological response of Nodularia spumigena, a heterocystous bloom-forming diazotroph of the Baltic Sea, to CO2-induced changes in seawater carbonate chemistry. N. spumigena reacted to seawater acidification/carbonation with reduced cell division rates and nitrogen fixation rates, accompanied by significant changes in carbon and phosphorus quota and elemental composition of the formed biomass. Possible explanations for the contrasting physiological responses of Nodularia compared to Trichodesmium may be found in the different ecological strategies of non-heterocystous (Trichodesmium) and heterocystous (Nodularia) cyanobacteria.
    Keywords: Acetylene reduction; Alkalinity, total; Aragonite saturation state; Automated segmented-flow analyzer (Quaatro); Bacteria; Bicarbonate ion; Biomass/Abundance/Elemental composition; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (〈20 L); Calcite saturation state; Calculated; Calculated using CO2SYS; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010); Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbon, organic, particulate; Carbon, organic, particulate, production per cell; Carbonate ion; Carbon dioxide; Carbon per cell; Cell division rate; Chlorophyll a; Counting from image; Cyanobacteria; Czerny_etal_09; Duration, number of days; Element analyser CNS, EURO EA; EPOCA; EUR-OCEANS; European network of excellence for Ocean Ecosystems Analysis; European Project on Ocean Acidification; EXP; Experiment; Experimental treatment; Fluorometry; Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Laboratory experiment; Laboratory strains; Nitrogen, organic, particulate; Nitrogen fixation rate, per cell; Nitrogen per cell; Nodularia spumigena; Not applicable; OA-ICC; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre; Other metabolic rates; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Pelagos; pH; Phosphate; Phosphorus, organic, particulate; Phosphorus, organic, particulate, production per cell; Phytoplankton; Primary production/Photosynthesis; Production of particulate organic nitrogen; Radiation, photosynthetically active; Salinity; Single species; SOPRAN; Spectrophotometer Hitachi U-2000; Surface Ocean Processes in the Anthropocene; Temperature, water; Titration potentiometric
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 614 data points
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  • 24
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    Temperature affects the morphology and calcification of Emiliania huxleyi strains (2016)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Rosas-Navarro, Anaid; Langer, Gerald; Ziveri, Patrizia (2016): Temperature affects the morphology and calcification of Emiliania huxleyi strains. Biogeosciences, 13(10), 2913-2926, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-2913-2016
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-27
    Description: The global warming debate has sparked an unprecedented interest in temperature effects on coccolithophores. The calcification response to temperature changes reported in the literature, however, is ambiguous. The two main sources of this ambiguity are putatively differences in experimental setup and strain-specificity. In this study we therefore compare three strains isolated in the North Pacific under identical experimental conditions. Three strains of Emiliania huxleyi type A were grown under non-limiting nutrient and light conditions, at 10, 15, 20 and 25 ºC. All three strains displayed similar growth rate versus temperature relationships, with an optimum at 20-25 ºC. Elemental production (particulate inorganic carbon (PIC), particulate organic carbon (POC), total particulate nitrogen (TPN)), coccolith mass, coccolith size, and width of the tube elements cycle were positively correlated with temperature over the sub-optimum to optimum temperature range. The correlation between PIC production and coccolith mass/size supports the notion that coccolith mass can be used as a proxy for PIC production in sediment samples. Increasing PIC production was significantly positively correlated with the percentage of incomplete coccoliths in one strain only. Generally, coccoliths were heavier when PIC production was higher. This shows that incompleteness of coccoliths is not due to time shortage at high PIC production. Sub-optimal growth temperatures lead to an increase in the percentage of malformed coccoliths in a strain-specific fashion. Since in total only six strains have been tested thus far, it is presently difficult to say whether sub-optimal temperature is an important factor causing malformations in the field. The most important parameter in biogeochemical terms, the PIC:POC, shows a minimum at optimum growth temperature in all investigated strains. This clarifies the ambiguous picture featuring in the literature, i.e. discrepancies between PIC:POC-temperature relationships reported in different studies using different strains and different experimental setups. In summary, global warming might cause a decline in coccolithophore's PIC contribution to the rain ratio, as well as improved fitness in some genotypes due to less coccolith malformations.
    Keywords: -; Alkalinity, total; Bicarbonate ion; Bottle number; Calcite saturation state; Calculated; Calculated using CO2SYS; Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbon, inorganic, particulate, per cell; Carbon, inorganic, particulate, production per cell; Carbon, organic, particulate, per cell; Carbon, organic, particulate, production per cell; Carbon, total, particulate, per cell; Carbon, total, particulate, production per cell; Carbonate ion; Carbon dioxide; Coccoliths, incomplete; Concentration per cell; Estimated by measuring brightness in cross-polarized light (birefringence); Growth rate; Identification; Length; Malformation rate; Mass; Mediterranean Sea Acidification in a Changing Climate; MedSeA; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Particulate inorganic carbon/particulate organic carbon ratio; pH; Potentiometric titration; Ratio; Scanning electron microscope (SEM); Slope; Species; Strain; Temperature, water; TOC analyzer (Shimadzu); Width
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 1130 data points
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  • 25
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    Nitrate limitation and ocean acidification interact with UV-B to reduce photosynthetic performance in the diatom (2015)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Li, Wei; Gao, Kunshan; Beardall, John (2015): Nitrate limitation and ocean acidification interact with UV-B to reduce photosynthetic performance in the diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum. Biogeosciences, 12(8), 2383-2393, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-2383-2015
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-27
    Description: It has been proposed that ocean acidification (OA) will interact with other environmental factors to influence the overall impact of global change on biological systems. Accordingly we investigated the influence of nitrogen limitation and OA on the physiology of diatoms by growing the diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum Bohlin under elevated (1000 µatm; high CO2- HC) or ambient (390 µatm; low CO2-LC) levels of CO2 with replete (110 µmol/L; high nitrate-HN) or reduced (10 ?mol/L; low nitrate-LN) levels of NO3- and subjecting the cells to solar radiation with or without UV irradiance to determine their susceptibility to UV radiation (UVR, 280-400 nm). Our results indicate that OA and UVB induced significantly higher inhibition of both the photosynthetic rate and quantum yield under LN than under HN conditions. UVA or/and UVB increased the cells' non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) regardless of the CO2 levels. Under LN and OA conditions, activity of superoxide dismutase and catalase activities were enhanced, along with the highest sensitivity to UVB and the lowest ratio of repair to damage of PSII. HC-grown cells showed a faster recovery rate of yield under HN but not under LN conditions. We conclude therefore that nutrient limitation makes cells more prone to the deleterious effects of UV radiation and that HC conditions (ocean acidification) exacerbate this effect. The finding that nitrate limitation and ocean acidification interact with UV-B to reduce photosynthetic performance of the diatom P. tricornutum implies that ocean primary production and the marine biological C pump will be affected by OA under multiple stressors.
    Keywords: Alkalinity, total; Alkalinity, total, standard deviation; Aragonite saturation state; Bicarbonate ion; Bicarbonate ion, standard deviation; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (〈20 L); Calcite saturation state; Calculated using CO2SYS; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010); Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbon, inorganic, dissolved, standard deviation; Carbonate ion; Carbonate ion, standard deviation; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Carbon dioxide, standard deviation; Catalase activity, standard deviation; Catalase activity, unit per cell; Catalase activity, unit per protein mass; Charophyta; Chromista; Coulometric titration; Damage/repair ratio; Damage/repair ratio, standard deviation; Damage rate; Damage rate, standard deviation; Effective quantum yield; Effective quantum yield, standard deviation; Exponential rate constant for recovery; Exponential rate constant for recovery, standard deviation; Figure; Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Laboratory experiment; Laboratory strains; Light; Macro-nutrients; Non photochemical quenching; Non photochemical quenching, standard deviation; North Atlantic; OA-ICC; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre; Ochrophyta; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide, standard deviation; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Pelagos; pH; pH, standard deviation; Phaeodactylum tricornutum; Photosynthetic carbon fixation rate, per cell; Photosynthetic carbon fixation rate, per chlorophyll a; Photosynthetic carbon fixation rate, standard deviation; Phytoplankton; Potentiometric; Primary production/Photosynthesis; Protein per cell; Proteins, standard deviation; Repair rate; Repair rate, standard deviation; Salinity; Single species; Species; Superoxide dismutase activity, standard deviation; Superoxide dismutase activity, unit per cell; Superoxide dismutase activity, unit per protein mass; Table; Temperature, water; Time, standard deviation; Time in minutes; Treatment; Ultraviolet-a radiation-induced inhibition of carbon fixation; Ultraviolet-a radiation-induced inhibition of carbon fixation, standard deviation; Ultraviolet-a radiation-induced inhibition of effective photochemical quantum yield; Ultraviolet-a radiation-induced inhibition of effective photochemical quantum yield, standard deviation; Ultraviolet-b radiation-induced inhibition of carbon fixation; Ultraviolet-b radiation-induced inhibition of carbon fixation, standard deviation; Ultraviolet-b radiation-induced inhibition of effective photochemical quantum yield; Ultraviolet-b radiation-induced inhibition of effective photochemical quantum yield, standard deviation
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 7864 data points
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  • 26
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    Effects of high CO2 levels on the ecophysiology of the diatom Thalassiosira weissflogii differ depending on the iron nutritional status (2016)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Sugie, Koji; Yoshimura, T (2016): Effects of high CO2 levels on the ecophysiology of the diatom Thalassiosira weissflogii differ depending on the iron nutritional status. ICES Journal of Marine Science, 73(3), 680-692, https://doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsv259
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-27
    Description: Iron availability in seawater, namely the concentration of dissolved inorganic iron ([Fe']), is affected by changes in pH. Such changes in the availability of iron should be taken into account when investigating the effects of ocean acidification on phytoplankton ecophysiology because iron plays a key role in phytoplankton metabolism. However, changes in iron availability in response to changes in ocean acidity are difficult to quantify specifically using natural seawater because these factors change simultaneously. In the present study, the availability of iron and carbonate chemistry were manipulated individually and simultaneously in the laboratory to examine the effect of each factor on phytoplankton ecophysiology. The effects of various pCO2 conditions (390, 600, and 800 µatm) on the growth, cell size, and elemental stoichiometry (carbon [C], nitrogen [N], phosphorus [P], and silicon [Si]) of the diatom Thalassiosira weissflogii under high iron ([Fe'] = 240 pmol/l) and low iron ([Fe'] = 24 pmol/l) conditions were investigated. Cell volume decreased with increasing pCO2, whereas intracellular C, N, and P concentrations increased with increasing pCO2 only under high iron conditions. Si:C, Si:N, and Si:P ratios decreased with increasing pCO2. It reflects higher production of net C, N, and P with no corresponding change in net Si production under high pCO2 and high iron conditions. In contrast, significant linear relationships between measured parameters and pCO2 were rarely detected under low iron conditions. We conclude that the increasing CO2 levels could affect on the biogeochemical cycling of bioelements selectively under the iron-replete conditions in the coastal ecosystems.
    Keywords: Alkalinity, total; Aragonite saturation state; Bicarbonate ion; Biogenic silica; Biogenic silica, per cell; Biomass/Abundance/Elemental composition; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (〈20 L); Calcite saturation state; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010); Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbon, intracellular; Carbon, organic, particulate; Carbon, organic, particulate, per cell; Carbon, organic, particulate, production per cell; Carbon/Nitrogen ratio; Carbon/Phosphorus ratio; Carbonate ion; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Cell biovolume; Cell density; Chlorophyll a; Chlorophyll a, intracellular; Chlorophyll a per cell; Chlorophyll a production per cell; Chromista; Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Growth/Morphology; Growth rate; Iron, dissolved, inorganic; Laboratory experiment; Laboratory strains; Micro-nutrients; Net nitrogen production rate; Net phosphorus production; Net silicon production; Nitrogen, intracellular; Nitrogen, particulate; Nitrogen, particulate, per cell; Nitrogen/Phosphorus ratio; North Pacific; OA-ICC; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre; Ochrophyta; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Pelagos; pH; Phosphorus, intracellular; Phosphorus, organic, particulate, per cell; Phosphorus, particulate; Phytoplankton; Primary production/Photosynthesis; Registration number of species; Salinity; Silicon/Carbon, molar ratio; Silicon/Nitrogen, molar ratio; Silicon/Phosphorus ratio; Silicon per surface area; Single species; Species; Surface area; Temperature, water; Thalassiosira weissflogii; Time in days; Treatment; Type; Uniform resource locator/link to reference
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 1179 data points
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  • 27
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    The modulating effect of light intensity on the response of the coccolithophore Gephyrocapsa oceanica to ocean acidification (2016)
    PANGAEA
    In:  GEOMAR - Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel | Supplement to: Zhang, Yong; Bach, Lennart Thomas; Schulz, Kai Georg; Riebesell, Ulf (2015): The modulating effect of light intensity on the response of the coccolithophore Gephyrocapsa oceanica to ocean acidification. Limnology and Oceanography, 60(6), 2145-2157, https://doi.org/10.1002/lno.10161
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-27
    Description: Global change leads to a multitude of simultaneous modifications in the marine realm among which shoaling of the upper mixed layer, leading to enhanced surface layer light intensities, as well as increased carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration are some of the most critical environmental alterations for phytoplankton. In this study, we investigated the responses of growth, photosynthetic carbon fixation and calcification of the coccolithophore Gephyrocapsa oceanica to elevated inline image (51 Pa, 105 Pa, and 152 Pa) (1 Pa ~ 10 µatm) at a variety of light intensities (50-800 µmol photons/m**2/s). By fitting the light response curve, our results showed that rising inline image reduced the maximum rates for growth, photosynthetic carbon fixation and calcification. Increasing light intensity enhanced the sensitivity of these rate responses to inline image, and shifted the inline image optima toward lower levels. Combining the results of this and a previous study (Sett et al. 2014) on the same strain indicates that both limiting low inline image and inhibiting high inline image levels (this study) induce similar responses, reducing growth, carbon fixation and calcification rates of G. oceanica. At limiting low light intensities the inline image optima for maximum growth, carbon fixation and calcification are shifted toward higher levels. Interacting effects of simultaneously occurring environmental changes, such as increasing light intensity and ocean acidification, need to be considered when trying to assess metabolic rates of marine phytoplankton under future ocean scenarios.
    Keywords: BIOACID; Biological Impacts of Ocean Acidification; Carbon, inorganic, particulate, production per cell; Carbon, organic, particulate, production per cell; Carbon, organic, particulate/Nitrogen, organic, particulate ratio; Carbon, organic, particulate/Nitrogen, organic, particulate ratio, standard deviation; Carbon dioxide, partial pressure; Electron transport rate, relative; Electron transport rate, relative, standard deviation; Experimental treatment; Growth rate; Growth rate, standard deviation; Initial slope of rapid light curve; Initial slope of rapid light curve, standard deviation; Light:Dark cycle; Light saturation point; Light saturation point, standard deviation; Particulate inorganic carbon, production, standard deviation; Particulate inorganic carbon/particulate organic carbon ratio; Particulate inorganic carbon/particulate organic carbon ratio, standard deviation; Particulate organic carbon, production, standard deviation; Radiation, photosynthetically active; Temperature, water
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 378 data points
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  • 28
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    Reduced resilience of a globally distributed coccolithophore to ocean acidification: Confirmed up to 2000 generations (2016)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Jin, Peng; Gao, Kunshan (2016): Reduced resilience of a globally distributed coccolithophore to ocean acidification: Confirmed up to 2000 generations. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 103(1-2), 101-108, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2015.12.039
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-27
    Description: Ocean acidification (OA), induced by rapid anthropogenic CO2 rise and its dissolution in seawater, is known to have consequences for marine organisms. However, knowledge on the evolutionary responses of phytoplankton to OA has been poorly studied. Here we examined the coccolithophore Gephyrocapsa oceanica, while growing it for 2000 generations under ambient and elevated CO2 levels. While OA stimulated growth in the earlier selection period (from generations 700 to 1550), it reduced it in the later selection period up to 2000 generations. Similarly, stimulated production of particulate organic carbon and nitrogen reduced with increasing selection period and decreased under OA up to 2000 generations. The specific adaptation of growth to OA disappeared in generations 1700 to 2000 when compared with that at 1000 generations. Both phenotypic plasticity and fitness decreased within selection time, suggesting that the species' resilience to OA decreased after 2000 generations under high CO2 selection.
    Keywords: Alkalinity, total; Alkalinity, total, standard deviation; Aragonite saturation state; Bicarbonate, standard deviation; Bicarbonate ion; Biomass/Abundance/Elemental composition; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (〈20 L); Calcite saturation state; Calculated using CO2SYS; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010); Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbon, inorganic, dissolved, standard deviation; Carbon, organic, particulate, per cell; Carbon, organic, particulate, production per cell; Carbon/Nitrogen ratio; Carbonate ion; Carbonate ion, standard deviation; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Chromista; Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Generation; Gephyrocapsa oceanica; Growth/Morphology; Growth rate; Haptophyta; Incubation duration; Laboratory experiment; Laboratory strains; Nitrogen, organic, particulate, per cell; North Pacific; OA-ICC; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Pelagos; pH; pH, standard deviation; Phytoplankton; Plasticity; Potentiometric; Primary production/Photosynthesis; Production of particulate organic nitrogen; Registration number of species; Response, direct; Responses, correlated; Salinity; Single species; Species; Temperature, water; Treatment; Type; Uniform resource locator/link to reference
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 25329 data points
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  • 29
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    The modulating effect of light intensity on the response of the coccolithophore Gephyrocapsa oceanica to ocean acidification (2015)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Zhang, Yong; Bach, Lennart Thomas; Schulz, Kai Georg; Riebesell, Ulf (2015): The modulating effect of light intensity on the response of the coccolithophore Gephyrocapsa oceanica to ocean acidification. Limnology and Oceanography, 60(6), 2145-2157, https://doi.org/10.1002/lno.10161
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-27
    Description: Global change leads to a multitude of simultaneous modifications in the marine realm among which shoaling of the upper mixed layer, leading to enhanced surface layer light intensities, as well as increased carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration are some of the most critical environmental alterations for phytoplankton. In this study, we investigated the responses of growth, photosynthetic carbon fixation and calcification of the coccolithophore Gephyrocapsa oceanica to elevated inline image (51 Pa, 105 Pa, and 152 Pa) (1 Pa = 10 µatm) at a variety of light intensities (50-800 µmol photons/m**2/s). By fitting the light response curve, our results showed that rising inline image reduced the maximum rates for growth, photosynthetic carbon fixation and calcification. Increasing light intensity enhanced the sensitivity of these rate responses to inline image, and shifted the inline image optima toward lower levels. Combining the results of this and a previous study (Sett et al. 2014) on the same strain indicates that both limiting low inline image and inhibiting high inline image levels (this study) induce similar responses, reducing growth, carbon fixation and calcification rates of G. oceanica. At limiting low light intensities the inline image optima for maximum growth, carbon fixation and calcification are shifted toward higher levels. Interacting effects of simultaneously occurring environmental changes, such as increasing light intensity and ocean acidification, need to be considered when trying to assess metabolic rates of marine phytoplankton under future ocean scenarios.
    Keywords: Alkalinity, total; Alkalinity, total, standard deviation; Aragonite saturation state; Bicarbonate ion; Bicarbonate ion, standard deviation; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (〈20 L); Calcification/Dissolution; Calcite saturation state; Calcite saturation state, standard deviation; Calculated using CO2SYS; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010); Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbon, inorganic, dissolved, standard deviation; Carbon, inorganic, particulate, production per cell; Carbon, organic, particulate, production per cell; Carbon, organic, particulate/Nitrogen, organic, particulate ratio; Carbon, organic, particulate/Nitrogen, organic, particulate ratio, standard deviation; Carbonate ion; Carbonate ion, standard deviation; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Carbon dioxide, partial pressure; Carbon dioxide, partial pressure, standard deviation; Carbon dioxide, standard deviation; Chromista; Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Gephyrocapsa oceanica; Growth/Morphology; Growth rate; Growth rate, standard deviation; Haptophyta; Initial slope of rapid light curve; Initial slope of rapid light curve, standard deviation; Laboratory experiment; Laboratory strains; Light; Light intensity; Light saturation point; Light saturation point, standard deviation; Maximal electron transport rate, relative; Maximal electron transport rate, relative, standard deviation; North Atlantic; OA-ICC; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Particulate inorganic carbon, production, standard deviation; Particulate inorganic carbon/particulate organic carbon ratio; Particulate inorganic carbon/particulate organic carbon ratio, standard deviation; Particulate organic carbon, production, standard deviation; Pelagos; pH; pH, standard deviation; Phosphate; Phytoplankton; Potentiometric titration; Primary production/Photosynthesis; Registration number of species; Salinity; Single species; Species; Temperature, water; Type; Uniform resource locator/link to reference
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 882 data points
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  • 30
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    Differing responses of three Southern Ocean Emiliania huxleyi ecotypes to changing seawater carbonate chemistry (2015)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Müller, Marius N; Trull, Tom W; Hallegraeff, Gustaaf M (2015): Differing responses of three Southern Ocean Emiliania huxleyi ecotypes to changing seawater carbonate chemistry. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 531, 81-90, https://doi.org/10.3354/meps11309
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-27
    Description: The invasion of anthropogenic carbon dioxide into the surface ocean is altering seawater carbonate speciation, a process commonly called ocean acidification. The high latitude waters of the Southern Ocean are one of the primary and most severely affected regions. Coccolithophores are an important phytoplankton group, responsible for the majority of pelagic calcium carbonate production in the world's oceans, with a distribution that ranges from tropical to polar waters. Emiliania huxleyi is numerically the most abundant coccolithophore species and appears in several different ecotypes. We tested the effects of ocean acidification on 3 carefully selected E. huxleyi ecotypes isolated from the Southern Ocean. Their responses were measured in terms of growth, photosynthesis, calcification, cellular geometry, and stoichiometry. The 3 ecotypes exhibited differing sensitivities in regards to seawater carbonate chemistry when cultured at the same temperature (14°C) and continuous light (110 µmol photons/m2/s). Under future ocean acidification scenarios, particulate inorganic to organic carbon ratios (PIC:POC) decreased by 38-44, 47-51 and 71-98% in morphotype A 'over-calcified' (A o/c), A and B/C, respectively. All ecotypes reduced their rate of calcification, but the cold-water adapted ecotype (morphotype B/C) was by far the most sensitive, and almost ceased calcification at partial pressure of carbon dioxide ( pCO2) levels above 1000 µatm. We recommend that future surveys for E. huxleyi cells in the Southern Ocean should include the capability of recognising 'naked cells' by molecular and microscopic tools. The distinct differences in the physiological responses of these 3 dominant Southern Ocean coccolithophore ecotypes are likely to have consequences for future coccolithophore community structures and thereby the Southern Ocean carbon cycle.
    Keywords: Alkalinity, total; Alkalinity, total, standard deviation; Aragonite saturation state; Bicarbonate ion; Bicarbonate ion, standard deviation; Biomass/Abundance/Elemental composition; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (〈20 L); Calcification/Dissolution; Calcite saturation state; Calcite saturation state, standard deviation; Calculated using CO2SYS; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010); Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbon, inorganic, dissolved, standard deviation; Carbon, inorganic, particulate, per cell; Carbon, inorganic, particulate, production per cell; Carbon, organic, particulate, per cell; Carbon, organic, particulate, production per cell; Carbon, organic, particulate/Nitrogen, organic, particulate ratio; Carbon, organic, particulate/Nitrogen, organic, particulate ratio, standard deviation; Carbonate ion; Carbonate ion, standard deviation; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Carbon dioxide, standard deviation; Cell, diameter; Cell, diameter, standard deviation; Cell biovolume; Cell biovolume, standard deviation; Chromista; Coccoliths, diameter; Coccoliths, diameter, standard deviation; Coccoliths, volume; Coccoliths, volume, standard deviation; Emiliania huxleyi; Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Growth/Morphology; Growth rate; Growth rate, standard deviation; Haptophyta; Laboratory experiment; Laboratory strains; Nitrogen, organic, particulate, per cell; Not applicable; OA-ICC; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide, standard deviation; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Particulate inorganic carbon, production, standard deviation; Particulate inorganic carbon/particulate organic carbon ratio; Particulate inorganic carbon/particulate organic carbon ratio, standard deviation; Particulate inorganic carbon per cell, standard deviation; Particulate organic carbon, production, standard deviation; Particulate organic carbon content per cell, standard deviation; Particulate organic nitrogen per cell, standard deviation; Particulate organic nitrogen production, standard deviation; Pelagos; pH; pH, standard deviation; Phytoplankton; Potentiometric titration; Primary production/Photosynthesis; Production of particulate organic nitrogen; Registration number of species; Salinity; Single species; Species; Strain; Temperature, water; Type; Uniform resource locator/link to reference
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 2082 data points
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  • 31
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    CLAM age model and pollen profile of sediment core W8709A-8 (2017)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-27
    Keywords: Abies; Abrupt Climate Changes and Environmental Responses; Accumulation model; ACER; Alnus; Asteraceae; Betula; Calendar age; Calendar age, maximum/old; Calendar age, minimum/young; Chenopodiaceae; Classical age-modeling approach, CLAM (Blaauw, 2010); Corylus; Counting, palynology; Cupressaceae/Taxaceae/Taxodiaceae; Cyperaceae; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Myrica; PC; Picea; Pinus; Piston corer; Poaceae; Pseudotsuga; Quercus; Sample ID; Sequoia; Tsuga heterophylla; Tsuga mertensiana; Type of age model; W8709A; W8709A-8; Wecoma
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 2712 data points
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  • 32
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    Seawater carbonate chemistry and particulate organic and inorganic carbon, growth of Emiliania huxleyi (2018)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-27
    Description: Coccolithophore responses to changes in carbonate chemistry speciation such as CO2 and H+ are highly modulated by light intensity and temperature. Here, we fit an analytical equation, accounting for simultaneous changes in carbonate chemistry speciation, light and temperature, to published and original data for Emiliania huxleyi, and compare the projections with those for Gephyrocapsa oceanica. Based on our analysis, the two most common bloom-forming species in present-day coccolithophore communities appear to be adapted for a similar fundamental light niche but slightly different ones for temperature and CO2, with E. huxleyi having a tolerance to lower temperatures and higher CO2 levels than G. oceanica. Based on growth rates, a dominance of E. huxleyi over G. oceanica is projected below temperatures of 22 °C at current atmospheric CO2 levels. This is similar to a global surface sediment compilation of E. huxleyi and G. oceanica coccolith abundances suggesting temperature-dependent dominance shifts. For a future Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) 8.5 climate change scenario (1000 µatm fCO2), we project a CO2 driven niche contraction for G. oceanica to regions of even higher temperatures. However, the greater sensitivity of G. oceanica to increasing CO2 is partially mitigated by increasing temperatures. Finally, we compare satellite-derived particulate inorganic carbon estimates in the surface ocean with a recently proposed metric for potential coccolithophore success on the community level, i.e. the temperature-, light- and carbonate-chemistry-dependent CaCO3 production potential (CCPP). Based on E. huxleyi alone, as there was interestingly a better correlation than when in combination with G. oceanica, and excluding the Antarctic province from the analysis, we found a good correlation between CCPP and satellite-derived particulate inorganic carbon (PIC) with an R2 of 0.73, p 〈 0.01 and a slope of 1.03 for austral winter/boreal summer and an R2 of 0.85, p 〈 0.01 and a slope of 0.32 for austral summer/boreal winter.
    Keywords: Alkalinity, total; Aragonite saturation state; Bicarbonate ion; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (〈20 L); Calcification/Dissolution; Calcite saturation state; Calculated using CO2SYS; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010); Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbon, inorganic, particulate, per cell; Carbon, inorganic, particulate, production per cell; Carbon, organic, particulate, per cell; Carbon, organic, particulate, production per cell; Carbonate ion; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Chromista; Coast and continental shelf; Emiliania huxleyi; Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Growth/Morphology; Growth rate; Haptophyta; Hydrogen ion concentration; Irradiance; Laboratory experiment; Light; North Atlantic; OA-ICC; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Pelagos; pH; Phytoplankton; Primary production/Photosynthesis; Registration number of species; Salinity; Single species; Species; Temperate; Temperature, water; Type; Uniform resource locator/link to reference
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 1392 data points
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  • 33
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    Influence of temperature, pCO2, and dissolved nutrients on the oxidative stress response and the carbon metabolism of phytoplankton (2022)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-27
    Description: We conducted a full-factorial lab experiment to study the individual and combined effects of temperature (18°C and 21°C), pCO2 (400 and 1000 ppm), and dissolved N:P ratio (16 and 25 molar) on the antioxidant capacity and carbon metabolism of the phytoplankton Phaeodactylum tricornutum (strain CCAP 1052/1A). The antioxidant response was assessed based on different biomarkers, including the contents of protective carotenoids (ß-Carotene, diadinoxanthin and violaxanthin), and by determination of antioxidant enzyme activities, and Malondialdehyde (MDA) as a biomarker for oxidative stress. We quantified the activity of Managanese Superoxide Dismutase (SOD-Mn), Glutathione S-transferase (GST), Catalase (CAT), Glutathione Peroxidase (GPx). As possible consequence of oxidative stress on metabolic pathways of carbon, we also quantified carbon fluxes by measuring rates of growth, respiration, dissolved organic carbon (DOC) exudation, and cellular organic carbon content and particulate phosphorus (PP). We also quantified the concentration of photosynthetic pigments chlorophyll a (Chl-a) and fucoxanthin.
    Keywords: beta-Carotene per cell; Carbon, organic, dissolved exudation, per cell; Carbon dioxide, partial pressure; carbon metabolism; Carbon per cell; Catalase activity, unit per protein mass; Chlorophyll a per cell; Diadinoxanthin per cell; Diatom; Fucoxanthin per cell; global change; Global change vulnerability of North Sea plankton and associated ecosystem services; Glutathione peroxidase activity, unit per protein mass; Glutathione S-transferase activity, unit per protein mass; Growth rate; High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), Agilent, Waters Alliance 2695; Malondialdehyde, per wet mass; Nitrogen/Phosphorus ratio; oxidative stress; Phosphorus, organic, particulate, production per cell; PlanktoSERV; Replicate; Respiration rate, carbon; Strain; Superoxide dismutase manganese activity, unit per protein mass; Temperature, water; TOC analyzer, Shimadzu, TOC-L CPH/CPN; Type of study; Violaxanthin per cell
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 630 data points
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  • 34
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    Phaeocystis pouchetii's responses to temperature (2 vs. 6 °C), light (55 vs. 160 µmol photons m-2 s-1) and pCO2 (400 vs. 1000 µatm) (2022)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-27
    Description: We assessed the responses of solitary cells of Arctic Phaeocystis pouchetii (Strain PS78) grown under a matrix of temperature (2°C vs. 6°C), light intensity (55 vs. 160 μmol photons m-2 s-1) and CO2 partial pressures (pCO2; 400 vs. 1000 μatm). Before the experiments, the strain (isolated during Polarstern cruise PS78 in 2011) was kept as stock culture at 1° in 0.2 µm sterile-filtered Arctic seawater (Salinity 33), enriched with vitamins and trace metals according to F/2 medium (Guillard & Ryther, 1962). Nitrate and phosphate were added in concentrations of 100 and 6 µmol L-1, respectively. Experiments were conducted between May 2016 and September 2017 at the Alfred-Wegener-Institute, using standardized media and continuous light exposition. Next to acclimation parameters (growth rates, particulate and dissolved organic carbon and nitrogen, chlorophyll a content), we measured physiological processes in-vivo (electron transport rates and net photosynthesis) using fast-repetition rate fluorometry and membrane-inlet mass spectrometry.
    Keywords: Alkalinity, total; Bottle incubation; calculated from carbonate chemistry using the CO2Sys Excel sheet (Pierrot, Lewis & Wallace, 2006); calculated from chlorophyll a (chl a) and particulate organic carbon (POC) quota; calculated from growth rate and particulate organic carbon (POC) quota; calculated from growth rate and particulate organic nitrogen (PON) quota; calculated from particulate organic carbon (POC) and particulate organic nitrogen (PON) quota; Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbon dioxide, partial pressure; Colorimetric detection, TRAACs continuous flow autoanalyzer, according to the method of Stoll et al. (2001); Coulter counter, Beckman Coulter, Multisizer 3; DATE/TIME; Electron transport rate, relative; Elemental analyzer, EuroVector, EuroEA; EXP; Experiment; Experimental treatment; Fitted parameter using the photosynthesis vs. Irradiance equation from Rokitta & Rost (2012), raw data obtained using a membrane-inlet mass spectrometer (MIMS) as described in Kottmeier, Rokitta & Rost (2016); Fitted parameter using the photosynthesis vs. Irradiance equation from Rokitta & Rost (2012); raw data obtained using a fast-repetition rate fluoremeter (FRRF), FastOcean PTX with FastAct Laboratory system, Chelsea Technologies after Oxborough et al. (201; Fluorometer, Turner Designs, TD-700, using acidification method (Knap et al., 1996); Fram Strait; Identification; Initial slope of the photosynthesis-irradiance curve; Initial slope of the photosynthesis-irradiance curve, relative electron transfer rate per unit light; Light; Light acclimation index; Maximum photosynthesis rate, oxygen, per chlorophyll a; model simulation; pCO2; pCO2 mixed from CO2-free air and pure CO2 with a custom built gas mixing system; pH; pH 826 mobile handheld device, with Aquatrode Plus, Metrohm; Phaeocystis_pouchetii_PS78; Phaeocystis pouchetii; Phaeocystis pouchetii, carbon, organic, particulate/nitrogen, organic, particulate ratio; Phaeocystis pouchetii, chlorophyll a/carbon, organic, particulate ratio; Phaeocystis pouchetii, chlorophyll a quota per cell; Phaeocystis pouchetii, growth rate; Phaeocystis pouchetii, particulate organic carbon production per cell; Phaeocystis pouchetii, particulate organic carbon quota per cell; Phaeocystis pouchetii, particulate organic nitrogen production per cell; Phaeocystis pouchetii, particulate organic nitrogen quota per cell; Phytoplankton; RCP8.5; Species, unique identification; Species, unique identification (Semantic URI); Species, unique identification (URI); Strain; Temperature; Temperature, water; Thermometer, internal, Aquatrode Plus, Metrohm; Treatment: light intensity; Treatment: partial pressure of carbon dioxide; Treatment: temperature; Type of study; Universal light meter & data logger, WALZ, ULM-500, with 4Pi sensor, LI-COR
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 908 data points
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  • 35
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    Microcharcoal concentration, elongation, burnt vegetation types and age model of core MD96-2098 for the past 184 ka (2023)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-27
    Description: Microscopic charcoal (microcharcoal) was identified in marine sediments of core MD96-2098 located off Namibia and analysed to reconstruct past changes in fire activity of southern Africa (Daniau et al. 2023). Microcharcoal concentrates were obtained after chemical treatment and microcharcoal measured using microscopy. Measurements include microcharcoal concentration (in number of fragments per gram and in µm2 per gram); mean microcharcoal elongation ratio (the lenght to width ratio of particle, and the width to lenght ratio); and percentages of burnt vegetation types. The data covers the past 184,000 years.
    Keywords: Africa; AGE; Calculated; CALYPSO; Calypso Corer; Depth, corrected; Depth, uncorrected; Factor; IMAGES II; Lüderitz Transect; Marine Sediment Core; Marion Dufresne (1995); MD105; MD962098; MD96-2098; Microcharcoal; Microcharcoal, graminoids; Microcharcoal, per unit sediment dry mass; Microcharcoal, shrub-graminoids; Microcharcoal, tree; Microcharcoal length/width ratio; Microcharcoal surface, per unit sediment dry mass; Microcharcoal width/length ratio; Stereoscopicmicroscope, Leica Microsystems, DM6000
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 4218 data points
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  • 36
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    Shipboard ADCP current measurements (38 kHz) during RV MARIA S. MERIAN cruise MSM117 (2024)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-27
    Description: Current velocities of the upper water column along the cruise track of R/V Maria S. Merian cruise MSM117 were collected by a vessel-mounted 38 kHz RDI Ocean Surveyor ADCP. The ADCP transducer was located at 6.0 m below the water line. The instrument was operated in two different configurations: 1) broadband mode with 32 m bins and a blanking distance of 16 m, with a total of 50 bins, 2) narrowband mode with 32 m bins and a blanking distance of 16 m, with a total of 50 bins. Beam velocities as recorded by the data acquistion software VmDAS were transformed to ship coordinates and after merging with the navigation data from the ship's Motion Reference Unit and Global Positioning systems into earth coordinates. Single-ping data were screened for bottom signals and, where appropriate, a bottom mask was manually processed. The ship's velocity was calculated from position fixes obtained by the Global Positioning System (GPS). Accuracy of the ADCP velocities mainly depends on the quality of the position fixes and the ship's heading data. Further errors stem from a misalignment of the transducer with the ship's centerline. Data post-processing included water track calibration of the misalignment angle (configuration 1: 0.3196° +/- 0.8714°, configuration 2: 0.3603° +/- 0.6433°) and scale factor (configuration1: 1.0007 +/- 0.0151, configuration 2: 1.0024 +/- 0.0107) of the Ocean Surveyor signal. The velocity data were averaged in time using an average interval of 60 s. Velocity quality flagging is based on following threshold criteria: abs(UC) or abs(VC) 〉 2.0 m/s, rms(UC_z) or rms(VC_z) 〉 0.3.
    Keywords: Current velocity, east-west; Current velocity, north-south; DAM_Underway; DAM Underway Research Data; DATE/TIME; DEPTH, water; Echo intensity, relative; LATITUDE; LONGITUDE; Maria S. Merian; MSM117; MSM117_0_Underway-5; Pings, averaged to a double ensemble value; Quality flag, current velocity; Seadatanet flag: Data quality control procedures according to SeaDataNet (2010); Vessel mounted Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler [38 kHz]; VMADCP-38; WB Circ Brazil
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 9215290 data points
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  • 37
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    Seawater carbonate chemistry, growth rate and PIC and POC production during experiments with Emiliania huxleyi (B92/11), 2011 (2011)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Bach, Lennart Thomas; Riebesell, Ulf; Schulz, Kai Georg (2011): Distinguishing between the effects of ocean acidification and ocean carbonation in the coccolithophore Emiliania huxleyi. Limnology and Oceanography, 56(6), 2040-2050, https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.2011.56.6.2040
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-27
    Description: The coccolithophore Emiliania huxleyi was cultured under a broad range of carbonate chemistry conditions to distinguish the effects of individual carbonate system parameters on growth, primary production, and calcification. In the first experiment, alkalinity was kept constant and the fugacity of CO2(fCO2) varied from 2 to 600 Pa (1Pa ~ 10 µatm). In the second experiment, pH was kept constant (pHfree = 8) with fCO2 varying from 4 to 370 Pa. Results of the constant-alkalinity approach revealed physiological optima for growth, calcification, and organic carbon production at fCO2 values of ~20Pa, ~40 Pa, and ~80 Pa, respectively. Comparing this with the constant-pH approach showed that growth and organic carbon production increased similarly from low to intermediate CO2 levels but started to diverge towards higher CO2 levels. In the high CO2 range, growth rates and organic carbon production decreased steadily with declining pH at constant alkalinity while remaining consistently higher at constant pH. This suggests that growth and organic carbon production rates are directly related to CO2 at low (sub-saturating) concentrations, whereas towards higher CO2 levels they are adversely affected by the associated decrease in pH. A pH dependence at high fCO2 is also indicated for calcification rates, while the key carbonate system parameter determining calcification at low fCO2 remains unclear. These results imply that key metabolic processes in coccolithophores have their optima at different carbonate chemistry conditions and are influenced by different parameters of the carbonate system at both sides of the optimum.
    Keywords: Alkalinity, total; Aragonite saturation state; Bicarbonate ion; BIOACID; Biological Impacts of Ocean Acidification; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (〈20 L); Calcification/Dissolution; Calcite saturation state; Calculated; Calculated using CO2SYS; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010); Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbon, inorganic, particulate, production per cell; Carbon, organic, particulate, production per cell; Carbonate ion; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Chlorophyll a production per cell; Chromista; Emiliania huxleyi; Emiliania huxleyi, diameter; EPOCA; EUR-OCEANS; European network of excellence for Ocean Ecosystems Analysis; European Project on Ocean Acidification; Experimental treatment; Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Fugacity of carbon dioxide in seawater, standard deviation; Growth/Morphology; Growth rate; Haptophyta; Laboratory experiment; Laboratory strains; Light:Dark cycle; Measured; North Atlantic; OA-ICC; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Particulate inorganic carbon/particulate organic carbon ratio; Pelagos; pH; Photometry; Phytoplankton; Pigments, Turner fluorometer; Potentiometric open-cell titration; Primary production/Photosynthesis; Radiation, photosynthetically active; Salinity; Scanning electron microscope (SEM); Single species; Temperature, water; Titration potentiometric
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 1396 data points
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  • 38
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    CLAM age model and pollen profile of sediment core Kalaloch (2017)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-27
    Keywords: Abies amabilis/A. grandis; Abies lasiocarpa; Abrupt Climate Changes and Environmental Responses; Accumulation model; ACER; Alnus sinuata; Apiaceae; Artemisia; Asteraceae; Boraginaceae; Botrychium; Brassicaceae; Calendar age; Calendar age, maximum/old; Calendar age, minimum/young; Camassia; Caryophyllaceae; Chamaecyparis/Thuja; Chenopodiaceae; Classical age-modeling approach, CLAM (Blaauw, 2010); Counting, palynology; Cyperaceae; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Empetrum/Ericaceae; Epilobium; Gentiana; Kalaloch; Lonicera; Lycopodium; Lysichitum; Malvaceae; Mimulus; Myrica; Picea sitchensis; Pinus contorta; Pinus monticola; Poaceae; Polemonium; Polygonum bistortoides; Polypodiaceae; Polypodium; Ranunculaceae; Rosaceae; Rubiaceae; Salix; Sample ID; Sanguisorba; Sphagnum; Tsuga heterophylla; Tsuga mertensiana; Type of age model; Valeriana
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 20075 data points
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  • 39
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    CLAM age model and pollen profile of sediment core Kashiru_Bog (2017)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-27
    Keywords: Abrupt Climate Changes and Environmental Responses; Acacia; Acalypha; Acanthaceae; Accumulation model; ACER; Achyranthes-type; Adina rubrostipulata-type; Aeschynomene baumii-type; Afrocrania volkensii; Alchemilla; Alchornea; Allophylus; Aloe-type; Amannia prieureana-type; Amaranthaceae/Chenopodiaceae; Anthocerotaceae; Anthocleista; Anthospermum; Apiaceae; Apodytes dimidiata; Araliaceae; Artemisia; Ascolepis; Asteraceae; Basella alba-type; Basilicum-type; Begonia; Brachystegia; Brassicaceae; Brucea antidysenterica; Caesalpinioideae; Calendar age; Calendar age, maximum/old; Calendar age, minimum/young; Canthium gueinzii-type; Canthium schimperianum; Capitanya ostostegioides-type; Carduus-type; Caryophyllaceae; Celosia trigyna-type; Celtis; Cerastium afromontanum-type; Cerastium octandrum-type; Chamaecrista mimosoides-type; Chenopodiaceae; Classical age-modeling approach, CLAM (Blaauw, 2010); Clematis-type; Cliffortia nitidula; Clutia; Combretaceae; Commelina benghalensis-type; Commiphora; Commiphora boiviniana-type; Counting, palynology; Crassocephalum montuosum-type; Croton-type; Cucurbitaceae; Cyathula orthacantha-type; Cyperaceae; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Dichondra micrantha-type; Diospyros; Dipsacaceae; Dodonaea viscosa; Dombeya-type; Ekebergia-type; Embelia; Entada-type; Ericaceae; Eriocaulaceae; Erythrococca-type; Euclea; Euphorbia; Euphorbia hirta-type; Ficalhoa/Nuxia; Ficus; Flabellaria paniculata-type; Galiniera coffeoides; Garcinia volkensii-type; Gentianaceae; Geranium; Hagenia abyssinica; Harungana; Heliotropium steudneri-type; Hydrocotyle; Hymenodictyon floribundum-type; Hypericum; Hypoestes-type; Ilex mitis; Impatiens; Ipomoea-type; Isoglossa; Jasminum; Juniperus procera; Kashiru_Bog; Kotschya-type; Lamiaceae; Lannea-type; Laurembergia tetrandra; Leucas-type; Liliopsida; Lobelia; Loranthaceae; Lythrum; Macaranga; Maerua-type; Maesa lanceolata-type; Margaritaria discoidea-type; Melastomataceae; Mimulopsis-type; Moraceae; Myrica; Myrsine africana; Nymphaea lotus-type; Oldenlandia-type; Olea capensis; Olea europaea; Onagraceae; Ormocarpum trichocarpum-type; Papilionoideae; Parinari-type; Phoenix reclinata; Phyllanthus muellerianus-type; Phyllanthus niruri-type; Phyllanthus nummulariifolius-type; Phyllanthus reticulatus-type; Phyllanthus rivae-type; Pilea bambuseti-type; Plantago africana-type; Poaceae; Podocarpus; Pollen indeterminata; Polygala-type; Polygonum nepalense-type; Polygonum senegalense-type; Polypodiales; Polyscias fulva-type; Potamogeton thunbergii-type; Primulaceae; Protea-type; Prunus africana; Ranunculus; Rapanea melanophloeos; Resedaceae; Restio; Rhamnaceae; Ricinus communis; Rubiaceae; Rubia-type; Rubus pinnatus-type; Rumex; Salix subserrata; Sample ID; Sapotaceae; Schefflera abyssinica-type; Schefflera myriantha-type; Senecio mannii-type; Sericostachys scandens-type; Silene burchellii-type; Solanum; Sphagnum; Stellaria mannii-type; Stephania abyssinica-type; Sterculia-type; Stoebe kilimandscharica-type; Swertia kilimandscharica-type; Swertia usambarensis-type; Syzygium-type; Tarenna graveolens-type; Teclea-type; Tetrorchidium; Thymelaeaceae; Tiliaceae; Trema orientale-type; Type of age model; Typha; Uapaca; Uebelinia abyssinica-type; Urticaceae; Vangueria acutiloba-type; Vernonia perrottetii-type; Vernonieae; Virectaria; Xyris; Zanthoxylum chalybeum-type; Zanthoxylum usambarense-type
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 24882 data points
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  • 40
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    Pollen analysis of ODP Hole 175-1078C (2012)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-27
    Keywords: 175-1078C; Acacia; Adenia; Afzelia; AGE; Alchornea; Alisma plantago-aquatica; Amaranthaceae/Chenopodiaceae; Anemia; Annonaceae; Anthoceros; Anthospermum; Avicennia; Balanites; Basella; Benguela Current, South Atlantic Ocean; Blighia-type; Botryococcus; Brachystegia; Bridelia; Burkea; Buxus-type madagascaria; Canthium spp.; Canthium subcordatum; Caryophyllaceae; Cassia-type; Celastraceae/Hippocrateaceae; Celtis; Cnestis-type; Coccinia; Colophospermum mopane; Combretaceae/Melastomataceae; Corymbium-type; Cotula-type; Counting, palynology; Crudia-type; Cussonia; Cyperaceae; Daisy-type; Daniellia-type; Dialium-type; Diospyros; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; DSDP/ODP/IODP sample designation; Erica (Africa); Erythrina; Euphorbia; Fabaceae; Funtumia; Gazania-type; Geraniaceae; Geranium; Glomus; Hermannia; Hygrophila-type; Hymenocardia; Hypoestes type; Hyptis; Ilex cf.. mitis; Indigofera-type; Ipomoea-type; Isoberlinia-type; Joides Resolution; Justicia/Monechma; Kohautia; Lannea; Leg175; Liguliflorea-type; Liverwort; Maerua-type; Mallotus; Marker, added; Marker, found; Meliaceae; Monolete spore(s); Myrica; Myrsine africana; Nitraria; Ocean Drilling Program; ODP; Olea; Pelargonium; Pentzia-type; Pericopsis; Pheoceros; Phyllanthus; Poaceae; Podocarpus; Pollen, total; Pollen indeterminata; Polygonum senegalense-type; Protea; Pteris; Pyrite; Rhizophora; Rhus-type; Rothmannia; Sample code/label; Sapotaceae; Securinega; Sedimentation rate; Sherbournea; Spermacoce; Spindel; Spores, trilete; Stipularia africana; Stoebe-type; Tarchonanthus/Artemisia-type; Tephrosia; Tetrorchidium; Thymelaeaceae; Tribulus; Tubuliflorae-type; Typha spp.; Uapaca; Urticaceae; Varia; Vernonia-type; Zanthoxylum
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 12995 data points
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  • 41
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    Charcoal records of sediment core GeoB1023-5 (2012)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-27
    Keywords: Age model; Age model calibration; Angola Basin; Center for Marine Environmental Sciences; Charcoal; DEPTH, sediment/rock; GeoB1023-5; Gravity corer (Kiel type); M6/6; MARUM; Meteor (1986); SL
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 222 data points
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  • 42
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    (Appendix B) (Paleo)ecological affinities of extinct and extant dinoflagellate species (2013)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-27
    Keywords: Comment; Comment 2 (continued); Comment 3 (continued); Ocean Drilling Program; ODP; Reference/source; Species; Zone, biogeographic
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 126 data points
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  • 43
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    Adaptation of a globally important coccolithophore to ocean warming and acidification: Assay data (2014)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-27
    Keywords: Alkalinity, total; BIOACID; Biological Impacts of Ocean Acidification; Biomass/Abundance/Elemental composition; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (〈20 L); Calcification/Dissolution; Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbon, inorganic, particulate, per cell; Carbon, inorganic, particulate, production per cell; Carbon, organic, particulate, per cell; Carbon, organic, particulate, production per cell; Carbon/Nitrogen ratio; Carbon dioxide, partial pressure; Cell biovolume; Cell size; Chromista; Coast and continental shelf; Experimental treatment; Growth/Morphology; Growth rate; Haptophyta; Laboratory experiment; Nitrogen, organic, particulate, per cell; Particulate inorganic carbon/particulate organic carbon ratio; Pelagos; pH; Primary production/Photosynthesis; Replicate; Salinity; Single species; Species; Temperate; Temperature; Temperature, water
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 1599 data points
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  • 44
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    (Table S1) Chronostratigraphic age model for sediment core MD96-2098 (2015)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-27
    Keywords: Age, 14C AMS; Age, 14C calibrated; Age, dated; Age, dated material; Age, dated standard error; Age, maximum/old; Age, minimum/young; Age model; CALYPSO; Calypso Corer; Depth, corrected; DEPTH, sediment/rock; IMAGES; IMAGES II; Intercore correlation; International Marine Global Change Study; Isotopic event; Laboratory code/label; Lüderitz Transect; Marion Dufresne (1995); MD105; MD962098; MD96-2098; Reference/source
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 120 data points
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  • 45
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    Harmonized names for the pollen taxa, link to a list in different formats (zipped) (2017)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-27
    Keywords: Abrupt Climate Changes and Environmental Responses; ACER
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 207.3 kBytes
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  • 46
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    Inorganic geochemistry of surface sediment samples from southeast Africa (2017)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-27
    Keywords: 1; 21; 22; 23; 3; AFRIDEEP; Aluminium; BC; Box corer; Bromine; Calcium; Center for Marine Environmental Sciences; Chromium; Copper; DEPTH, sediment/rock; ECT-10-1; ECT-10-2; ECT-1-1; ECT-11-2; ECT-1-2; ECT-12-2; ECT-12-3; ECT-12-4; ECT-1-3; ECT-14-1; ECT-14-2; ECT-15-3; ECT-15-4; ECT-16-1; ECT-16-3; ECT-17-2; ECT-17-3; ECT-18-1; ECT-19-2; ECT-20-1; ECT-2-1; ECT-21-1; ECT-2-2; ECT-22-2; ECT-23-2; ECT-23-3; ECT-24-1; ECT-25-1; ECT-26-1; ECT-27-2; ECT-27-3; ECT-3-1; ECT-5-1; ECT-5-2; ECT-6-1; ECT-6-2; ECT-7-2; ECT-8-1; ECT-9-1; ECT-9-2; Event label; GeoB20602-1; GeoB20604-1; GeoB20607-1; GeoB20608-2; GeoB20609-1; GeoB20610-1; GeoB20611-1; GeoB20613-1; GeoB20615-1; GeoB20619-1; GeoB20624-2; GeoB20625-1; GeoB20628-1; GeoB9301-1; GeoB9302-5; GeoB9312-2; GeoB9313-3; GeoB9314-1; Gourits River; Iron; Limpopo Fan; M123; M123_161-1; M123_163-1; M123_166-1; M123_167-2; M123_168-1; M123_169-1; M123_170-1; M123_172-1; M123_174-1; M123_178-1; M123_183-2; M123_184-1; M123_187-1; M63/1; Magnesium; Manganese; MARUM; Meteor (1986); MUC; MultiCorer; Nickel; North of Tugela Cone; Potassium; Rubidium; Sample ID; Silicon; South of Limpopo Fan; South of Tugela Cone; Strontium; Sulfur, total; Titanium; VC; Vibro corer; Zinc; Zirconium
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 1062 data points
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  • 47
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    Sites versus references, link to a list in different formats (zipped) (2017)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-27
    Keywords: Abrupt Climate Changes and Environmental Responses; ACER
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 49.6 kBytes
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  • 48
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    River surface pollen data in southwestern Morocco (2018)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-27
    Keywords: Acacia; Acanthaceae; Aizoaceae; Amaranthaceae/Chenopodiaceae; Apiaceae; Argania spinosa; Artemisia; Aruncus-type; Asphodelus-type; Asteroideae; Brassicaceae; Caryophyllaceae; Cedrus; Centaurea-type; Center for Marine Environmental Sciences; Cichorioideae; Combretaceae; Concentricystes; Convolvulaceae; Corylus; Cyperaceae; ECHo1-1a2; ECHo1-1a3; ECHo1-1a4; ECHo1-2a1; ECHo1-2a2; ECHo1-2a3; ECHo2-1a1; ECHo2-1a2; ECHo2-1a3; ECHo2-2a2; ECHo2-2a3; ECHo2-3a1; ECHo2-4a1; ECHo2-4a2; ECHo2-4a3; ECHo3-1a1; ECHo3-1a2; ECHo3-1a3; ECHo3-3a1; ECHo3-4a1; ECHo3-4a2; Ephedra; Ericaceae; Euphorbia; Euphorbiaceae; Event label; Fabaceae; Indeterminata; Jasminum; Juglans; Juniperus/Tetraclinis; Justicia-type; Labiatae; Leguminosae; Lotus-type; Marker, added; Marker, found; MARUM; Mass; Myrtaceae; Olea; Pentzia-type; Phillyrea; Pinus; Plantago; Poaceae; Pollen, total; Polygalaceae; Polygonaceae; Polygonum; Quercus ilex-type; Quercus robur-type; Rhamnus; Rhus; Rumex; Salix; Selaginella; Solanaceae; Spores; Spores, monolete; Spores, trilete; Tamarix; Tribulus; Typha; Ulmus; Urticaceae; Xanthium-type
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 1344 data points
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  • 49
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    MAAT reconstruction of sediment core Colonia_CO14 (2019)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-27
    Keywords: AGE; Araucaria; Atlantic forest; Colonia_CO14; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Glacial; Interglacial; peat-lake; SEDCO; Sediment corer; Temperature, air, annual mean; Temperature anomaly
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 182 data points
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  • 50
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    Unknown
    CLAM age model and pollen profile of sediment core BIW95-4 (2017)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-27
    Keywords: Abies; Abrupt Climate Changes and Environmental Responses; Accumulation model; Acer; ACER; Aesculus; Alisma; Alnus; Amaranthaceae/Chenopodiaceae; Anemone; Apiaceae; Araliaceae; Artemisia; Asteraceae; Betula; BIW95-4; Brassicaceae; Buxus; Calendar age; Calendar age, maximum/old; Calendar age, minimum/young; Carpinus/Ostrya; Carpinus tschonoskii; Caryophyllaceae; Castanea/Castanopsis; Celastraceae; Celtis/Aphananthe; Cercidiphyllum; Classical age-modeling approach, CLAM (Blaauw, 2010); Cornus; Corylus; Counting, palynology; Cryptomeria; Cupressaceae-type; Cyperaceae; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Elaeagnaceae; Equisetum; Ericaceae; Eriocaulon; Fagus crenata; Fagus japonica; Fraxinus; Gentiana; Haloragis/Myriophyllum; Hemiptelea; Ilex; Impatiens; Isoetes; Juglans/Pterocarya; Lake Biwa; Lamiaceae; Larix; Ligustrum; Liliaceae; Lonicera; Lycopodium clavatum-type; Lycopodium inundatum-type; Lycopodium serratum-type; Lysichiton; Lythrum; Menyanthes; Myrica; Nuphar; Nymphoides; Nymphoides indica; Osmundaceae; Parthenocissus; Phellodendron; Picea; Pinus; Poaceae; Pollen indeterminata; Polygonum persicaria-type; Polygonum reynoutria-type; Polypodiales; Potamogeton; Pteridium; Pteridophyta; Quercus subgen. Cyclobalanopsis; Quercus subgen. Lepidobalanus; Ranunculus; Rhamnaceae; Rhus; Rosaceae; Rutaceae; Sagittaria; Salix; Sample ID; Sanguisorba; Sciadopitys; Sparganium/Trapa; Sparganium/Typha; Sphagnum; Styracaceae; Symplocos; Thalictrum; Tilia; Tsuga; Type of age model; Ulmus/Zelkova; Viburnum; Vitis
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 11013 data points
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
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