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  • Articles  (14)
  • 05.09. Miscellaneous  (8)
  • 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.10. Instruments and techniques  (6)
  • Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia  (13)
  • Springer Nature
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  • Articles  (14)
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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2020-09-01
    Description: Establishing sustainable and responsible speleotourism development is a major challenge and involves complex activities. Adequate theoretical starting point is the application of geoethical values related to the conservation and protection of the caves to be used for touristic purposes. Positive and negative cases of human behaviors towards speleological geoheritage are discussed, in order to highlight what should be done in cave management to avoid malpractices and on what elements could be founded adequate strategies aimed at promoting sustainable speleotourism. This is important to tourism management organizations involved in the promotion of caves and in creating economic opportunities for local populations, while respecting cave ecosystems. Modern cave management must be focused on the protection of the cave ecosystems, finding ways to achieve at the same time an economic development of local communities. But this approach needs the adoption of a geoethical framework of values to be shared by all stakeholders involved so that successful cooperation can be achieved despite differences in interests and expectations. The aim of this paper is to raise the awareness about the need to apply the values of geoethics to speleotourism, stimulating new fields of discussion within the scientific and technical communities involved in studies and activities related to geotourism and geoheritage. The possibilities of developing new ways to manage caves, in order to promote a sustainable socio-economic development of local communities, have to be balanced with the protection of natural environments as much as possible. The proposed theoretical frameworks have the goal to increase the discussion on the best ways of connecting speleotourism to sustainable and responsible cave management, presenting two case studies, and pointing out potential solutions.
    Description: Open access funding provided by Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia within the CRUI-CARE Agreement
    Description: Published
    Description: id 73
    Description: 7SR AMBIENTE – Servizi e ricerca per la società
    Description: 1TM. Formazione
    Description: 2TM. Divulgazione Scientifica
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: Geoethics ; Responsibility ; Sustainability ; Caves ; Speleotourism ; 05.03. Educational, History of Science, Public Issues ; 05.09. Miscellaneous
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: In the period 2-6 April 2007 a seismic survey was carried out at Solfatara Volcano, with the aim of inferring the shallow structure and evaluating local site effects. Seismic noise was recorded by five circular seismic arrays deployed in different areas of the crater. The geometry was designed in order to obtain also a sub-configuration consisting of two profiles oriented in the NS and E-W directions. An other seismic station was installed on the eastern rim of the crater, for a hardrock reference. A preliminary spectral analysis was performed on some samples of seismic noise recorded during the experiment. As future development, surface wave dispersion will be obtained by using array techniques, such as the Spatial Autocorrelation method (SPAC) of Aki (1957) and its recent modifications (MSPAC, Bettig et al, 2001; CCA, Cho et al., 2004). The shear-wave velocity models will be inferred for each array from the inversion of the dispersion curves. Moreover experimental site transfer functions will be evaluated for each station, using both Nakamura’s technique and the reference-site spectral ratio method. The high density of the deployment and the large number of the sampled sites will allow to obtain a detailed shallow velocity structure and to map resonance frequencies and amplification values in different areas of the crater.
    Description: Published
    Description: 1-22
    Description: 4.1. Metodologie sismologiche per l'ingegneria sismica
    Description: N/A or not JCR
    Description: open
    Keywords: Solfatara ; velocity model ; site effects ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.10. Instruments and techniques
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: L’uso del rumore ambientale nella valutazione della risposta sismica locale sta diventando molto frequente data la sua facile applicabilità e sensibilità alla variazione spaziale della geologia superficiale. Ciò lo rende particolarmente adatto nelle aree urbane, dove la natura delle unità geologiche affioranti è mascherata dagli interventi antropici. Il lavoro descrive i metodi di acquisizione e di trattamento dei dati, utilizzati durante una campagna svoltasi nell'area urbana di Catania.
    Description: Published
    Description: 1-30
    Description: 1.8. Osservazioni di geofisica ambientale
    Description: N/A or not JCR
    Description: open
    Keywords: NOISE ; ACQUISIZIONE ; URBANA ; CATANIA ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.06. Surveys, measurements, and monitoring ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.10. Instruments and techniques ; 05. General::05.01. Computational geophysics::05.01.01. Data processing
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: La rete sismica MedNet (Mediterranean Network) nasce alla fine degli anni ’80 con due obiettivi principali: migliorare la conoscenza della struttura tettonica del Mediterraneo attraverso lo studio della sorgente di terremoti forti e moderati e applicare queste conoscenze per la mitigazione del rischio sismico nella regione mediterranea. A questi obiettivi se ne aggiunge uno di carattere più generale ma non per questo meno importante, la diffusione della cultura sismologica a larga banda nella regione. Il progetto MedNet si proponeva inizialmente di installare 12-15 stazioni a larga banda con una spaziatura di circa 1000 km. Nel 1988 il progetto è stato incorporato all’interno del World Laboratory di Losanna (Svizzera), un’organizzazione che aveva come scopo quello di promuovere la scienza nei paesi in via di sviluppo. Il supporto del World-Lab portò ad una rapida crescita della rete MedNet con la realizzazione di accordi scientifici con i paesi nord-africani e l’apertura di stazioni in Marocco, Algeria, Tunisia ed Egitto. Negli ultimi 15 anni il cambiamento delle condizioni politiche, e l’impressionante sviluppo tecnologico ha portato ad un ampliamento delle prospettive del progetto MedNet, che, pur mantenendo invariati i due obbiettivi iniziali, ha espanso l’area di interesse alla regione balcanica, un’area interessata da una forte sismicità e con una tradizione sismologica importante ma povera di stazioni sismiche a larga-banda. Fin dall’inizio particolare enfasi è stata posta sulla scelta dei siti, ricercando miniere, gallerie abbandonate o siti in luoghi molto remoti per esaltare le qualità del sismometro scelto, lo Streckeisen STS-1, il miglior sismometro a larghissima banda mai prodotto. Fino all’avvento dei sistemi di trasmissione in tempo reale per i dati sismici, i dati erano esclusivamente registrati in sito su nastri magnetici e spediti via posta. Questo ha avuto il non trascurabile effetto collaterale di rendere difficile la manutenzione della stazione, sia per la difficoltà (logistica ed economica) di raggiungimento del sito, sia perché spesso passavano mesi tra il guasto, il ricevimento del nastro magnetico e l’identificazione del guasto stesso. Una connessione telefonica con la maggior parte dei siti garantiva la possibilità di scaricare dati “on demand” in caso di terremoto e la procedura automatica Muscles fornì nel 1997 una stima rapida della magnitudo del terremoto di Colfiorito dopo pochi minuti. Oggi la trasmissione dati è assicurata da un robusto sistema in “real time” basato sul protocollo SeedLink, uno standard de-facto per la trasmissione dati sviluppato nell’ambito del progetto europeo Meredian. Tale protocollo garantisce la fruibilità dei dati in tempo reale, la continuità del dato archiviato e il monitoraggio in tempo reale delle stazioni. Il Progetto MedNet fin dagli albori si è integrato nella Federazione di reti digitali a larga banda (FDSN), è partner di IRIS ed Orfeus e, distribuendo i dati alla comunità internazionale in modo rapido e automatico, ha contribuito e contribuisce allo studio della sismologia sia a scala globale che regionale e locale. Particolare enfasi si è cercato di dare fin dall’inizio e con continuità alla fruibilità dei dati da parte dei partner stranieri ospitanti la stazione al fine di contribuire con la stazione MedNet alla loro rete sismica locale e fornire così uno strumento in più per il monitoraggio e lo studio della sismicità del loro paese. Oggi la rete MedNet conta 28 stazioni installate, di cui 25 funzionanti, in 14 paesi. Le stazioni contribuiscono al monitoraggio in tempo reale dell’Italia e di tutti i paesi ospitanti
    Description: Published
    Description: 1-15
    Description: 1.1. TTC - Monitoraggio sismico del territorio nazionale
    Description: N/A or not JCR
    Description: open
    Keywords: mednet ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.10. Instruments and techniques
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: A seguito dei tre eventi sismici di magnitudo ≥ 4.0, che tra il 10 e il 12 gennaio 2010 hanno colpito la zona del Fermano-Maceratese (Italia centrale), sono state installate due stazioni della rete sismica temporanea dell’INGV ad integrazione delle reti permanenti, nazionale e regionale, già presenti nell’area.
Questa zona ha una sismicità particolare confinata in uno strato sismogenetico fragile ad una profondità compresa tra 15 e 25 km meritevole di un’analisi dettagliata. Le stazioni sono state collegate in tempo reale al centro di acquisizione della Rete Sismica Nazionale dell’INGV utilizzando dei router UMTS. Questa soluzione si è rivelata estremamente rapida e conveniente. Solo una delle stazioni ha infatti risentito della debolezza del segnale UMTS, ma in generale i dati raccolti hanno contribuito a migliorare le localizzazioni ipocentrali prodotte in tempo reale presso la sala di sorveglianza sismica di Roma. L’integrazione dei dati acquisiti dalle stazioni temporanee ai dati prodotti dalle reti permanenti, ha fornito un dataset di buona qualità già rielaborato per degli studi di dettaglio dell’area.
    Description: Published
    Description: 1-30
    Description: 1.1. TTC - Monitoraggio sismico del territorio nazionale
    Description: N/A or not JCR
    Description: open
    Keywords: Emergency ; Seismic Monitoring ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.06. Surveys, measurements, and monitoring ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.10. Instruments and techniques
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 6
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    Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia
    Publication Date: 2018-03-01
    Description: The choices of a geoscientist while carrying out his/her activity are always accompanied by ethical implications, because they can have a strong impact on the population, the natural environment, the economy, the landscape and the cultural resources of the affected area. It is not uncommon for a geoscientist to be faced with ethical dilemmas that are problems with a difficult solution, since options to solve such dilemmas will have negative consequences. How does one make a choice in these circumstances? What is the ethical duty of geoscientists and what has to be their professional attitude? In which cases do they have the duty to take action or the duty to not act (duty of omission)? A brief review of the concepts formulated by philosophers in reference to ethics can serve to provide some answers to the above questions and to understand how geoscientists can best serve society.
    Description: Published
    Description: 1TM. Formazione
    Description: 2TM. Divulgazione Scientifica
    Description: 3TM. Comunicazione
    Description: 1VV. Altro
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: ethics ; ethical dilemma ; geoethics ; geosciences ; duty of omission ; 05.03. Educational, History of Science, Public Issues ; 05.09. Miscellaneous
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 7
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    Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia
    Publication Date: 2017-11-15
    Description: Humans are recognized as a “geological force”, capable of modifying natural environments, and in virtue of this prerogative they have an ethical responsibility towards the planet. Indeed, studying and managing the Earth system, exploiting its geo-resources, intervening in natural processes are actions that involve great responsibilities towards society and the environment, of which perhaps we, as geoscientists, are not sufficiently aware. Only by increasing the awareness of this responsibility, can we work with wisdom and foresight, and respect the balances that exist in nature while guaranteeing a sustainable development for future generations. In order to define acceptable solutions to current global challenges, we need to take into proper consideration the ethical and social aspects involved in geoscience issues. Geoethics was born to define a conceptual substratum of categories, useful as framework of reference for geoscientists, to help them develop a new way of thinking and interacting with the Earth system. Geoethics widens the cultural horizon of geoscience knowledge and contributes to orient scientists and society in the choices for responsible behavior towards the planet. The paper provides an overview of the emerging field of geoethics, focusing on theoretical and practical aspects, by showing the trajectory that has led to the current point of development of geoethics and suggesting some cues for thought for further advancements of ethical thinking in geosciences.
    Description: IAPG - International Association for Promoting Geoethics
    Description: Published
    Description: 1-8
    Description: 1VV. Altro
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: geoethics ; geosciences ; responsibility ; ethical dilemmas ; society ; 05.03. Educational, History of Science, Public Issues ; 05.09. Miscellaneous
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 8
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    Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia
    Publication Date: 2017-11-15
    Description: Recently the interest by geoscientists in (geo)ethical aspects of geoscience knowledge, education, research, practice and communication has grown considerably. Today the topic of geoethics has gained a significant visibility within the scientific community. The IAPG – International Association for Promoting Geoethics (http://www.geoethics.org), founded in 2012, has worked to widen the discussion and create awareness about issues of ethics as applied to the geosciences. Thanks to continuous voluntary work, the respectful exchange, and fruitful sharing of ideas, the IAPG community has produced a conceptual substratum on which to base the future development of geoethics, by clarifying the meaning of the word “geoethics”, formalizing its definition, and better identifying a framework of reference values on which the geoscience community can base more effective codes of conduct and guidance. The members of the IAPG community have published various books and articles in peer-reviewed international journals, and organized numerous scientific sessions to bring geoethics to the most important geoscience conferences. Geoethical issues have been also included in the European project ENVRI-Plus, which is dedicated to the environmental and solid Earth research infrastructures. The tangible result of these efforts is that, now, many prestigious geoscience organizations recognize geoethics as a fundamental issue, worthy of attention. This result was confirmed by the high quality of content and the large participation of scientists in the six technical sessions and a panel session on geoethics organized by IAPG at the 35th IGC – International Geological Congress, held in 2016 in Cape Town (South Africa). Largely successful due to the cooperative work of different geoscience organizations (IUGS-TGGP – Task Group on Global Geoscience Professionalism; GSL - Geological Society of London; EFG - European Federation of Geologists; EGS - EuroGeoSurveys; AGI – American Geosciences Institute; AGU – American Geophysical Union, and AAWG – African Association of Women in Geosciences). The IAPG considers the 35th IGC as the scientific event that opened a new phase for furthering the concept of geoethics. In order to mark this milestone, the "Cape Town Statement on Geoethics" (CTSG) was tabled by the IAPG and reviewed in an international effort. It shall focus the attention of geoscientists on the development of shared values, policies, guidelines, strategies and tools, with the long-range goal of fostering the regular adoption of ethical values and practices within the geoscience community. The document summarizes the values, concepts, and contents developed by IAPG so far, providing a perspective for the future development of geoethical thinking. This paper addresses in detail the content of the “Cape Town Statement on Geoethics”, which is now supported officially by several geoscience organizations.
    Description: IAPG - International Association for Promoting Geoethics
    Description: Published
    Description: 1VV. Altro
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: geoethics ; Cape Town ; responsibility ; research integrity ; geoethical promise ; geosciences ; Educational, History of Science, Public Issues ; 05.09. Miscellaneous
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2017-11-15
    Description: The themes addressed by geoethics are becoming central to all scientific debate. A growing number of scientists now consider geoethics as an effective tool to increase, in the scientific community and society as a whole, the awareness of local and global environmental problems that humanity faces. Geoethics deals with ethical, social and cultural aspects related to geosciences. Geoethics addresses fundamental issues such as the prudent and sustainable use of geo-resources, management of natural hazards, defence of geoheritage as a common value to be protected and enhanced. But above all, geoethics aims to raise, in the community of geoscientists, their awareness of responsibilities in conducting scientific and professional activity. In order to extend this awareness to the whole of civil society and also to foster the recognition of the usefulness of geosciences in daily life, geoscience communication should be recognized as a fundamental activity connected with scientific and professional work, since geoscience knowledge is a tool to contribute to the construction of social knowledge for human communities. But today what is the role played by geosciences in the scientific mass culture? Are the geosciences part of a collective “cultural heritage”? Do the publishing world and media offer adequate space to geosciences? Through the analysis of two Italian case studies, the authors highlight the critical features of the relationship between geoscientists and the media and try to suggest some actions that are useful to make the relationship between these two separate fields more functional, with the goal of bringing citizens closer to geosciences and increasing the awareness of the individual and collective responsibility towards the Earth.
    Description: IAPG - International Association for Promoting Geoethics
    Description: Published
    Description: 2TM. Divulgazione Scientifica
    Description: 3TM. Comunicazione
    Description: 1VV. Altro
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: geoethics ; science communication ; media ; geoscientists ; web churnalism ; 05.03. Educational, History of Science, Public Issues ; 05.09. Miscellaneous
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 10
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    Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia
    Publication Date: 2020-02-24
    Description: In 2005, thanks to the 3-year agreement between Dipartimento Nazionale della Protezione Civile (DPC) and Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV) - Centro Nazionale Terremoti (CNT), the project of the first Italian “Ocean Bottom Seismometer with Hydrophone” (OBS/H) for long-term deployment was developed at the OBS Lab of the Gibilmanna Observatory (Sicily). The drawing of the instrument started in January 2005 and, after 18 months, the prototype was ready for test in laboratory, in shallow and deep water. Afterwards, the first OBS/H was tested during an oceanographic campaign on the Marsili submarine volcano, from the 10th to the 21st of July 2006.More than 1000 events of several kinds were recorded: 817 VTB (Volcano Tectonic events, B-type), 159 HF (High Frequency events), 53 SDE (Short Duration Event), 8 regional events localized by INGV land network, 10 not localized events, 1 teleseismic event an 2 rockfall events. The INGV OBS/H are equipped with: - Nanometrics Trillium 120p seismometers (theoretical flat response between 120s and 175 Hz) installed in a 17 inches glass sphere on a Nautilus gimbal for the leveling or Guralp CMG40T-OBS (flat response between 60s and 100 Hz); - Cox-Webb Differential Pressure Gauge (bandwidth 500s-2Hz) or OAS E-2PD hydrophone (0-5kHz); - 21 bits, 4 channels SEND Geolon-MLS digitizer with sampling frequency up to 200 Hz.
    Description: Published
    Description: 2.5. Laboratorio per lo sviluppo di sistemi di rilevamento sottomarini
    Description: open
    Keywords: OBS OBS/H Marsili Ocean Bottom Seismometer ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.10. Instruments and techniques
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: book
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