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  • Articles  (195,173)
  • Springer  (174,061)
  • Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers  (21,112)
  • Natural Sciences in General  (102,961)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Another new journal (1987)
    Springer
    Stochastic environmental research and risk assessment 1 (1987), S. 1-2 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-3259
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Geography , Geosciences
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01543905
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On the annual maximum distribution in dependent partial duration series (1987)
    Springer
    Stochastic environmental research and risk assessment 1 (1987), S. 3-16 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-3259
    Keywords: Annual maximum ; partial duration series ; T-year estimate ; marshall-Olkin bivariate distribution ; Morgenstern bivariate distribution
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Geography , Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract As a basis for development of the annual maximum distribution the so-called partial duration series with Poissonian occurrence times and exponentially distributed peak exceedance values has been selected. The model is generalized by allowing for a Markov dependence between succeeding peak values. Correlation values from p=0 to p=1 can be accounted for by introducing the Marshall-Olkin bivariate exponential distribution, which is presented in detail. The developed distribution function for the annual maximum is throughly analysed and a variety of distribution forms depending on the value of the correlation coefficient and the intensity in the Poisson process is hereby recognized. To a certain extent this might be considered as parallel to the scattering of hydrological regions with different generating mechanisms for the annual maxima.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01543906
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On a stochastic description of the time-space behaviour of extratropical cyclonic precipitation fields (1987)
    Springer
    Stochastic environmental research and risk assessment 1 (1987), S. 37-52 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-3259
    Keywords: Cyclonic precipitation ; mathematical modeling ; simulation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Geography , Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract A stochastic description is developed for extratropical cyclonic precipitation fields at synoptic and meso scales as they are typically observed by radars over the Earth. This description attempts to account I) for the synoptic scale behavior of a cyclonic storm (its birth, its synoptic scale motion trajectory, and its dissipation) II) for the synoptic-scale organizational structure of subsynoptic precipitation areas (rainbands, precipitation cores and raincells) within a cyclonic storm; and III) for the behavior of subsynoptic precipitation areas, in terms of their births, their spatial configuration evolutions, their motions, and their deaths (dissipation). The precipitation cores and the raincells are taken as the building blocks of the subsynoptic precipitation, areas within a cyclonic rainfield.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01543908
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A review on stochastic differential equations for applications in hydrology (1987)
    Springer
    Stochastic environmental research and risk assessment 1 (1987), S. 81-100 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-3259
    Keywords: Stochastic differential equations ; Itô calculus ; Stratovovich integrals ; Jump integrals
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Geography , Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract Fundamentals of the theory of stochastic calculus and stochastic differential equations (SDE's) which are finding increasing application in water resources engineering are reviewed. The basics of probability theory, mean square calculus and the Wiener, white Gaussian and compound Poisson processes are given in preparation for a discussion of the general Itô SDE with drift, diffusion and jump discontinuity terms driven by Gaussian white noise and compound Poissionian impulses. Also discussed are stochastic integration and the derivation of moment equations via the Itô differential rule. The lierature of SDE's is reviewed with an emphasis on the more accessible sources.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01543805
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The discrete Hurst range for skew independent two-valued inflows (1987)
    Springer
    Stochastic environmental research and risk assessment 1 (1987), S. 53-66 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-3259
    Keywords: Hurst range ; conditioned exchangeable, variables
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Geography , Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract A new theoretical interpretation is proposed for Hurst's empirical law which is applicable to discrete-valued inflows and is consistent with the existing interpretation for continuous-valued inflows. This is applied to independent net inflows {X r} having values +1 and −1 with unequal probabilities. With the aid of a new result on the exchangeability of symmetrically conditioned exchangeable variables, values of the resulting range are obtained and tabulated. It is found that the effect of skewness is very slight for skewness values between (about) 3 and −3, and that Hurst's own approximation, the “conditioned range”, is remarkably accurate.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01543909
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pattern analysis on mixed-mode hydrometric data (1987)
    Springer
    Stochastic environmental research and risk assessment 1 (1987), S. 67-80 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-3259
    Keywords: pattern analysis ; mixed-mode data ; event-covering ; discretization ; hydrometric data
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Geography , Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract This paper presents a pattern analysis technique that has been successfully applied to a set of hydrometric network data collected in British Columbia, Canada. This technique can extract information from a set of observed heterogeneous multivariate data. The data are represented as n-tuples of mixed discrete and continuous values. The technique is capable of screening out statistically irrelevant information. It is also able to detect inherent subgroups in the data through adopting an event-covering approach. The subgroup characteristics represent important empirical understanding even though there may be considerable probabilistic variation within each individual subgroup.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01543910
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stochastic models in hydrology (1987)
    Springer
    Stochastic environmental research and risk assessment 1 (1987), S. 17-36 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-3259
    Keywords: Stochastic hydrology ; multivariate analysis ; information extraction ; information transfer ; structure of time series ; time series analysis ; spatial characteristics ; simulation of processes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Geography , Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract A stochastic approach to the analysis of hydrologic processes is defined along with a discussion of causes of tendency, periodicity and stochasticity in hydrologic series. Sources of temporal non-stationarity are described along with objectives and methods of analysis of processes and, in general, of information extraction from data. Transferred information as measured by correlation coefficients is compared with the transferable information as measured by entropy coefficients. Various multivariate approaches to hydrologic stochastic modeling are classified in light of complexities of spatial/temporal hydrologic processes. Alternatives of time series structural decomposition and modeling are compared. A special approach to modeling of space properties further contributes to approximate simulations of spatial/temporal processes over large areas. Several aspects of stochastic models in hydrology are concisely reviewed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01543907
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A stochastic differential equation approach to soil moisture (1987)
    Springer
    Stochastic environmental research and risk assessment 1 (1987), S. 101-116 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-3259
    Keywords: Soil moisture ; stochastic processes ; stochastic differential equations
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Geography , Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract The dynamics of water within the unsaturated root zone of the soil are represented by a pair of stochastic differential equations (SDE's), one representing the so-called “surplus” state of the moisture and the other the “deficit” condition. The inputs to the model are the climatically controlled random infiltration events and evapotranspiration which are modeled as a compound Poisson process and a Wiener (Brownian motion) process, respectively. The solutions to these SDE's are not in “close-form” but sample functions are obtained by numerical integration. The moment properties of the soil moisture evolution process have also been derived analytically including the mean, variance, covariance and autocorrelation functions. To illustrate the model, climatic parameters representing the “surplus” and “deficit” cases and properties of clay loam soil have been used to numerically derived the corresponding sample functions. With proper selection of all the parameters, physically realistic sample trajectories can be obtained for the model.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01543806
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On predicting upland erosion losses from rainfall depth (1987)
    Springer
    Stochastic environmental research and risk assessment 1 (1987), S. 127-134 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-3259
    Keywords: Upland erosion ; annual erosion losses
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Geography , Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract Point rainfall triggers the complex processes of overland flow and surface erosion. The probability density functions of rainfall duration and intensity are coupled with a physically based dynamic formulation of rainfall-runoff-sediment transport relationships for upland areas. When considering a single storm, rainfall depth alone is a poor predictor of sediment transport because of the dispersion introduced by the effect of rainfall intensity. On a long terms basis, however, the total amount of rainfall can be used to predict total erosion losses.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01543808
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An extended theory of equi-risk line for a general release rule (1987)
    Springer
    Stochastic environmental research and risk assessment 1 (1987), S. 117-126 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-3259
    Keywords: equi-risk line ; detention pond ; urban runoff ; frequency analysis ; flood risk
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Geography , Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract The expression of equi-risk line derived by the authors represents the relationship between discharge capacityy 0 u and storage capacityz 0 u to keep flood frequency under a certain risk level represented by the return periodT, i.e.,z 0/z 0 u ={(y 0 u −y 0 u )/y 0 u } S , wherey 0 u andz 0 u areT-year probability peak discharge and total volume of a hydrograph. The shape parametersS is evaluated in this paper for various release rules of the storage facilities and correlations of durations and peaks of hydrographs. The expression forS is: $$S = S_\infty + (S_0 - S_\infty )\exp ( - \sqrt p )$$ , whereS 0 andS ∞ are the values ofS forp=0 and ∞, andp is the exponent of a general storage-release relation,q=az' p, wherea is the storage constant, andz' andq are the volume of stored water and the corresponding release. The values ofS 0 andS ∞ are expressed in terms of the correlation coefficient ρ of durations and peaks of inflow hydrographs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01543807
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