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  • 1
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    The food of coarse fish (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5344 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:02:55 | 5344 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-10
    Description: Remarkably little has been published on the feeding habits of the non-salmonid fishes of British fresh waters. The following report briefly summarizes the results obtained from the examination of the stomach contents of some 2,700 fish, belonging to 19 species, which were obtained during 1939. The results of all examinations of gut contents were analysed, species by species, upon a simple basis of the presence of different types of food. Foodstuffs were divided up into six main categories— fish, molluscs, insects, crustaceans, higher plants together with filamentous algae, and diatoms—and the occurrence of members of any of these categories was recorded for each fish.
    Keywords: Biology ; Fisheries ; Limnology ; Coarse fish ; Feeding ; Feeding behaviour ; Fishery surveys ; Food organisms ; Gutting ; England
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
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    Format: 315-322
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  • 2
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    Limnology in Argentina: an historical account. (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, Cumbria, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/1892 | 196 | 2020-08-24 04:23:35 | 1892 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-10
    Description: This short review includes major books, articles and episodes concerned with studies on inland waters that have affected the development of limnology in Argentina.
    Description: Freshwater Biological Association
    Description: Programa para el estudio y uso sustentable de la biota austral (ProBiota) - Serie Documentos Relacionados
    Description: Debe citarse: López, H. L. & A. A. Mariazzi. 1994. Limnology in Argentina: an historical account. Freshwater Forum, Ambleside, UK, 4(3): 169-178. ISSN 0961-4664. Deposited by: Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo, Universidad Nacional de La Plata
    Keywords: Biology ; Limnology ; Argentina ; History ; Historia ; Limnology ; Limnología
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: article
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 169-178
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  • 3
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    The production of freshwater fish for food (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5345 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:02:58 | 5345 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-10
    Description: It has been estimated that in England and Wales fresh water covers some 340 square miles of which about one quarter is inhabited mainly by salmon and trout; in Scotland the lakes cover an area of 340 square miles. The principal object of this publication is to make available in handy form some of the methods, especially those involving the use of manures, by which crops of fish from water can be increased. The cultivation of water which this implies may be compared directly to the cultivation of farm land: the conditions for growth are made as favourable as possible, the seed is sown in the form of young fish, and after one or perhaps two growing seasons the crop is harvested. There are however many waters about the country where marketable fish are already available and can be removed without prejudice to, and indeed to the advantage of, sporting fisheries. In such cases it is necessary only to remove the fish and to rely on the natural processes of reproduction of those which are left to repopulate the water. Farming waters in the true sense is the concern of the greater part of this publication; the removal of crops of otherwise unwanted fish is considered in the last two sections on perch trapping and eel fisheries.
    Keywords: Biology ; Fisheries ; Limnology ; Freshwater fish ; Fish culture ; Fish ; Freshwater aquaculture ; Pond construction ; Fish ponds ; Food consumption ; Food fish ; UK
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
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    Format: 315-322
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  • 4
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    Concentrations of major ions in the stream water of the River Duddon, England, 1970-1974 [Dataset] (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5349 | 1256 | 2011-05-13 11:55:43 | 5349 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-10
    Description: This dataset provides raw data of chemical analyses made during studies on seasonal variations of some major ions in the stream water of the River Duddon in Cumbria. Measurements of sodium, calcium, potassium, magnesium and chloride ions and pH were taken at 5 stations in the River Duddon between January 1970 and August 1974.
    Description: This data was used in the publication: Carrick, T.R. & Sutcliffe, D.W.: Concentrations of Major Ions in Streams on Catchments of the River Duddon (1971-1974) and Windermere (1975-1978), English Lake District. Freshwater Biological Association, Ambleside, UK, 1983 (FBA Occasional Publications 22)
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Limnology ; Calcium ; chlorides ; fresh water ; ions ; magnesium ; potassium ; seasonal variations ; sodium ; water analysis ; dataset
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
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  • 5
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    The coarse fishes of Britain (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5348 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:03:15 | 5348 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-10
    Description: The need for research upon the coarse fishes of Britain, questions of the breeding and rearing of large numbers of young fish, more especially roach, was established back in 1937. The investigation which was begun in 1939 at Barrington in Cambridgeshire was therefore, with the full approval of the National Federation of Anglers, devoted to the general life histories of as many species as possible. Now, five years later, the results of the investigation are presented in the hope that they will provide a basis of knowledge upon which sound policies can be devised for the improvement of fish stocks and the increase of sport. In this report the scientific data, which will be published in full elsewhere, have been condensed as much as possible, but nothing of importance has been omitted and nothing has been concealed.
    Keywords: Biology ; Fisheries ; Limnology ; Coarse fish ; Fishery surveys ; Fish physiology ; Food composition ; Competition ; Angling ; England
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: book
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    Format: 40
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  • 6
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    Freshwater biology and water supply in Britain (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5347 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:03:13 | 5347 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-10
    Description: This paper is designed to give a general account of freshwater biology as it bears on waterworks practice. Most water that is used for consumption will commonly go through a storage reservoir. Here special reference is given to the biological relations in standing waters, the biological control of water supplies, methods of plankton estimation, the biology of slow sand filtration and the use of algicides.
    Keywords: Biology ; Limnology ; Management ; Water reservoirs ; Water quality ; Water treatment ; Inland water environment ; Lacustrine sedimentation ; Algicides ; Water filtration ; Plankton
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: book
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 91
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  • 7
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    Analysis of stream waters in the catchment of Lake Windermere (1975-1978), England [Dataset] (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5351 | 1256 | 2011-05-13 11:55:21 | 5351 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-10
    Description: This dataset provides raw data of chemical analyses made during studies on seasonal variations of some major ions in the stream water of the catchment of Lake Windermere in Cumbria. Measurements of sodium, calcium, potassium, magnesium, chloride ions and pH were taken at 37 stations in the catchment between 1975 and 1978.
    Description: This data was used in the publication: Carrick, T.R. & Sutcliffe, D.W.: Concentrations of major ions in streams on catchments of the River Duddon (1971-1974) and Windermere (1975-1978), English Lake District. Freshwater Biological Association, Ambleside, UK, 1983 (FBA Occasional Publications 22)
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Limnology ; Calcium ; chlorides ; fresh water ; ions ; magnesium ; potassium ; seasonal variations ; sodium ; water analysis ; England ; Lake Windermere ; dataset
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  • 8
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    On statistical treatment of the results of parallel trails with special reference to fishery research (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5346 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:03:10 | 5346 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-10
    Description: Parallel trials form a most important part of the technique of scientific experimentation. Such trials may be divided into two; categories. In the first the results are comparable measurements of one kind or another. In the second the data consist of records of the number of times a certain 'event' has occurred in the two sets of trials compared. Only trials of the second category are dealt with here. In this paper all the reliable methods of testing for significance the results of parallel trials of a certain type with special reference to fishery research are described fully. Some sections relate to exact, others to approximate tests. The only advantage in the use of the latter lies in the fact that they are often the more expeditious. Apart from this it is always preferable to use exact methods.
    Keywords: Biology ; Fisheries ; Limnology ; Freshwater fish ; Methodology ; Mathematical analysis ; Inland fisheries ; Equations ; Statistical analysis
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: book
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 55
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  • 9
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    Concentrations of major ions in 182 tarns in the English Lake District (1953-1978) [Dataset] (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5354 | 1256 | 2011-09-16 12:01:28 | 5354 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-10
    Description: This dataset provides raw data of chemical analyses made during studies on seasonal variations of 182 tarns in the English Lake District, Cumbria. Measurements of sodium, calcium, potassium, magnesium, pH, chloride ions, alkalinity, sulphite, strong acids and nitrate were taken between 1953 and 1978.
    Description: This data was used in the publication: Carrick, T.R. & Sutcliffe, D.W.: Concentrations of major ions in lakes and tarns on the English Lake District (1953-1978). Freshwater Biological Association, Ambleside, UK, 1982 (FBA Occasional Publications 16)
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Limnology ; Calcium ; chlorides ; fresh water ; ions ; magnesium ; potassium ; seasonal variations ; sodium ; water analysis ; alkalinity ; England ; Lake District ; dataset
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  • 10
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    Analyses of treated sewage effluent from Grasmere Treatment Unit (1974-1976), England [Dataset] (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5352 | 1256 | 2012-07-04 19:32:47 | 5352 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-10
    Description: This dataset provides raw data of chemical analyses made during studies on seasonal variations of treated sewage effluent from Grasmere Treatment Unit in Cumbria. Measurements of sodium, calcium, potassium, magnesium and chloride ions were taken between 1974 and 1976.
    Description: This data was used in the publication: Carrick, T.R. & Sutcliffe, D.W.: Concentrations of major ions in streams on catchments of the River Duddon (1971-1974) and Windermere (1975-1978), English Lake District. Freshwater Biological Association, Ambleside, UK, 1983 (FBA Occasional Publications 22)
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Limnology ; Calcium ; chlorides ; fresh water ; ions ; magnesium ; potassium ; seasonal variations ; sodium ; water analysis ; England ; Grasmere ; dataset
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  • 11
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    Concentrations of major ions in the stream water of the upper basin of the River Duddon, England, 1972-1974 [Dataset] (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5350 | 1256 | 2011-05-13 11:56:03 | 5350 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-10
    Description: This dataset provides raw data of chemical analyses made during studies on seasonal variations of some major ions in the stream water of the upper basin of the River Duddon in Cumbria. Measurements of sodium, calcium, potassium, magnesium and chloride ions and pH were taken at 26 stations in the River Duddon basin between 1972 and 1974.
    Description: This data was used in the publication: Carrick, T.R. & Sutcliffe, D.W.: Concentrations of Major Ions in Streams on Catchments of the River Duddon (1971-1974) and Windermere (1975-1978), English Lake District. Freshwater Biological Association, Ambleside, UK, 1983 (FBA Occasional Publications 22)
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Limnology ; Calcium ; chlorides ; fresh water ; ions ; magnesium ; potassium ; seasonal variations ; sodium ; water analysis ; England ; River Duddon ; dataset
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
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  • 12
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    Major ions in 25 frequently sampled tarns in the English Lake District (1954-56, 1974-1976) [Dataset] (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5353 | 1256 | 2012-07-04 19:33:33 | 5353 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-10
    Description: This dataset provides raw data of chemical analyses made during studies on seasonal variations of 25 frequently sampled tarns in Cumbria. Measurements of sodium, calcium, potassium, magnesium, pH, chloride ions, alkalinity, sulphite, strong acids and nitrate were taken between 1954 and 1956 and between 1974-1976.
    Description: This data was used in the publication: Carrick, T.R. & Sutcliffe, D.W.: Concentrations of major ions in streams on catchments of the River Duddon (1971-1974) and Windermere (1975-1978), English Lake District. Freshwater Biological Association, Ambleside, UK, 1983 (FBA Occasional Publications 22)
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Limnology ; Calcium ; chlorides ; fresh water ; ions ; magnesium ; potassium ; seasonal variations ; sodium ; water analysis ; alkalinity ; England ; Lake District ; dataset
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
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  • 13
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    Final report on the updating service on environmental chemicals in freshwater for the period 9.1.89 to 9.7.89 (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5238 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:13:42 | 5238 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: This report presents five batches of data which have been despatched to the Joint Research Centre, Ispra. The data as been allocated to various ECDIN (Environmental Chemicals Data and Information Network) files. The data comprises environmental chemicals in the freshwater environment, taking in paricular consideration: aquatic toxicity, bioaccumulation, metabolism and elimination biodegradation.
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Ecology ; Limnology ; Data ; Data processing ; Data collections ; Chemical compounds ; Toxicity ; Bioaccumulation ; Biodegradation ; Metabolism
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: monograph
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 8
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  • 14
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    Corroborative studies on the effects of sample variation on three macroinvertebrate biological assessment methods at different water quality states (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5259 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:09:27 | 5259 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: In recent collaborative biological sampling exercises organised by the Nottingham Regional Laboratory of the Severn-Trent Water Authority, the effect of handnet sampling variation on the quality and usefulness of the data obtained has been questioned, especially when this data is transcribed into one or more of the commonly used biological methods of water quality assessment. This study investigates if this effect is constant at sites with similar typography but differing water quality states when the sampling method is standardized and carried out by a single operator. An argument is made for the use of a lowest common denominator approach to give a more consistent result and obviate the effect of sampling variation on these biological assessment methods.
    Description: Bilateral study of methods 2 - Pollution Report No.8
    Keywords: Biology ; Limnology ; Pollution ; Sampling ; Samplers ; Methodology ; Standardization ; Rivers ; Invertebrate larvae ; England ; Trent River
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: monograph
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 19
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  • 15
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    Investigations on phytoplankton with special reference to water usage (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5281 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:11:31 | 5281 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: Experiments and observations on the phytoplankton of certain lakes in the English Lake District were made from early 1973 to the end of March, 1974. They included laboratory and lake bioassays and observations on the quantity and quality of the phytoplankton in six lakes. The introductory sections of the report are about algae, the ecology of phytoplankton and the scope of the contracted work. Laboratory bioassays on water from one lake, Blelham Tarn, showed that phosphorus, silicon (for diatoms) and organic substances forming complexes with iron were the major substances limiting the growth of the algae tested. The growth of the test algae was limited to different degrees by those substances and, to some extent, to a greater or lesser degree at different times of year. It is suggested that a relatively simple form of bioassay could give valuable information to water undertakings. Lake bioassays and other experiments were carried out by using large in situ tubular plastic enclosures. Two such investigations are described. The effects of a change in sewerage in two drainage basins on the phytoplankton of three lakes is described and some data given about changes since 1945 in three other lakes in the same overall drainage basin. These latter lakes have been affected too by changes in sewerage and by increasing inputs of domestic and agricultural wastes. Throughout, the relevance of the work done to practical problems of water usage is kept in mind and discussed. In the last section special reference is made to the largely unpredictable results of water transfers. The report ends with a note on river phytoplankton.
    Keywords: Biology ; Limnology ; Management ; Phytoplankton ; Water use ; Water supply ; Freshwater lakes ; Bioassays ; Tests ; Controlled conditions ; Thermal stratification ; Tubing ; Nutrients (mineral) ; Diatoms ; England ; English Lake District
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
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    Format: 64
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  • 16
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    Provisional atlas of the freshwater leeches of the British Isles (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5282 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:11:34 | 5282 | Freshwater Biological Association
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: Distribution maps were included in the second edition of the F.B.A. Scientific Publication on British freshwater leeches (Mann 1964). When that publication was extensively revised and enlarged to include a review of the literature on the ecology of leeches (Elliott & Mann 1979), it was decided that new maps should be published separately. The original maps were based on 1097 records whereas 4198 records were used for the new maps. The total British Isles list comprises sixteen species, thirteen genera and four families of leeches.
    Keywords: Biology ; Ecology ; Limnology ; Distribution records ; Ecological distribution ; Maps ; Freshwater organisms ; Hirudinea
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: book , FALSE
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  • 17
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    Ecological indicators of water quality in small rivers (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5270 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:10:29 | 5270 | Freshwater Biological Association
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: At the present time hydrobiological indicators are widely used for the control of surface water quality. Results of the applying of methods suggested at the 1st Soviet-American seminar (1975), development of improved methods and estimation of their usefulness for various conditions are presented in this report. Among the criteria permitting an estimation of the degree and character of changes in water quality and their connection with the functioning of river ecosystems in general, the biological tests of natural waters appears to be the most universal one and is being carried out in two main directions — ecological and physiological. This study summarises approaches in both directions.
    Keywords: Biology ; Limnology ; Pollution ; River water ; Rivers ; Water quality ; Water quality control ; Indicators
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: monograph
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  • 18
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    Published work on freshwater science from the FBA, IFE and CEH, 1929-2006 (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5284 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:11:41 | 5284 | Freshwater Biological Association
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: A new listing of published scientific contributions from the Freshwater Biological Association (FBA) and its later Research Council associates – the Institute of Freshwater Ecology (1989–2000) and the Centre for Ecology and Hydrology (2000+) is provided. The period 1929–2006 is covered. The compilation extends an earlier list assembled by in 1979.
    Keywords: Biology ; Ecology ; Limnology ; Bibliographies ; Freshwater sciences ; Hydrobiology ; Hydrology ; Limnology
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  • 19
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    Changes of water quality and sediment phosphorus of a small productive lake following decreased phosphorus loading (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5293 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:08:09 | 5293 | Freshwater Biological Association
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: Esthwaite Water is the most productive or eutrophic lake in the English Lake District. Since 1945 its water quality has been determined from weekly or biweekly measurements of temperature, oxygen, plant nutrients and phytoplankton abundance. The lake receives phosphorus from its largely lowland-pasture catchment, sewage effluent from the villages of Hawkshead and Near Sawrey, and from a cage-culture fish farm. From 1986 phosphorus has been removed from the sewage effluent of Hawkshead which was considered to contribute between 47% and 67% of the total phosphorus loading to the lake. At the commencement of phosphorus removal regular measurements of phosphorus in the superficial 0-4 cm layer of lake sediment were made from cores collected at random sites. Since 1986 the mean annual concentration of alkali-extractable sediment phosphorus has decreased by 23%. This change is not significant at the 5% level but nearly so. There has been no marked change in water quality over this period. Summer dominance of blue-green algae which arose in the early 1980s after decline of the previous summer forms, Ceratium spp., has been maintained. Improvement in water quality is unlikely to be achieved at the present phosphorus loading.
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Limnology ; Pollution ; Eutrophication ; Freshwater lakes ; Limnological surveys ; Phosphorus ; Phytoplankton ; Primary production ; Sediment analysis ; Water quality ; England ; Esthwaite Water
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  • 20
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    The ecological impact of different mechanisms of chronic sub-lethal toxicity on feeding and respiratory physiology (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5307 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:06:39 | 5307 | Freshwater Biological Association
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: Sub-lethal toxicity tests, such as the scope-for-growth test, reveal simple relationships between measures of contaminant concentration and effect on respiratory and feeding physiology. Simple models are presented to investigate the potential impact of different mechanisms of chronic sub-lethal toxicity on these physiological processes. Since environmental quality is variable, even in unimpacted environments, toxicants may have differentially greater impacts in poor compared to higher quality environments. The models illustrate the implications of different degrees and mechanisms of toxicity in response to variability in the quality of the feeding environment, and variability in standard metabolic rate. The models suggest that the relationships between measured degrees of toxic stress, and the maintenance ration required to maintain zero scope-for-growth, may be highly nonlinear. In addition it may be possible to define critical levels of sub-lethal toxic effect above which no environment is of sufficient quality to permit prolonged survival.
    Keywords: Biology ; Limnology ; Pollution ; Toxicity ; Sublethal effects ; Toxicity tests ; Models ; Metabolism ; Narcosis ; Animal physiology ; Risk management ; Respiration
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  • 21
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    The connection between single species and ecosystems (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5306 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:06:38 | 5306 | Freshwater Biological Association
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: Ecosystem level models are motivated by some combination of scientific and practical concerns. Those models motivated by practical concerns are likely to bear little historical relation to previous models. Mechanisms of interaction between particular species and their ecosystems vary enormously. Some species literally construct their own ecosystems. Others have more or less complex and important interactions with other species so that their presence or absence may alter the ecosystem. Prior information about the natural history of particular species can make ecosystem investigations quicker, cheaper, and more effective. The optimal resource for preparing to deal with the unlimited diversity of questions asked of ecologists would be a large' computerized databank of natural history observations for as many species as possible.
    Keywords: Ecology ; Limnology ; Oceanography ; Ecosystems ; Aquatic environment ; Species ; Interspecific relationships ; Biology ; Models
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  • 22
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    Molecular biomarkers and toxic consequences of impact by organic pollution in aquatic organisms (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5314 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:06:13 | 5314 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: Organic contaminants are readily bioaccumulated by aquatic organisms. Exposure to and toxic effects of contaminants can be measured in terms of the biochemical responses of the organisms (i.e. molecular biomarkers). The hepatic biotransformation enzyme cytochrome P4501A (CYP1A) in vertebrates is specifically induced by organic contaminants such as aromatic hydrocarbons, PCBs and dioxins, and is involved in chemical carcinogenesis via catalysis of the covalent binding of organic contaminants to DNA (DNA-adducts). Hepatic CYP1A induction has been used extensively and successfully as a biomarker of organic contaminant exposure in fish. Fewer but equally encouraging studies in fish have used hepatic bulky, hydrophobic DNA-adducts as biomarkers of organic contaminant damage. Much less is known of the situation in marine invertebrates, but a CYPlA-like enzyme with limited inducibility and some potential for biomarker application is indicated. Stimulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production is another potential mechanism of organic contaminant-mediated DNA and other damage in aquatic organisms. A combination of antioxidant (enzymes, scavengers) and pro-oxidant (oxidised DNA bases, lipid peroxidation) measurements may have potential as a biomarker of organic contaminant exposure (particularly those chemicals which do not induce CYP1A) and/or oxidative stress, but more studies are required. Both CYP1A- and ROS-mediated toxicity are indicated to result in higher order deleterious effects, including cancer and other aspects of animal fitness.
    Keywords: Biology ; Environment ; Pollution ; Biomarkers ; Toxicity ; Aquatic organisms ; Biological pollutants ; Enzymes ; Hydrocarbons ; Mutagens ; Pollutants ; Animal diseases ; Fish
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    Effects of stress on the immune system of fish (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5309 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:06:43 | 5309 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: The effects of stress on the immune system of various fish species including dab Limanda limanda, flounder Platichthys flesus, sea bass Dicentrarchus labrax and gobies Zosterisessor ophiocephalus, were investigated from laboratory and field experiments, using various assays to measure immunocompetence, correlated with histological and ultrastructural observations. Modulation of the immune system was demonstrated at tissue, cellular and biochemical levels following exposure to various stressors. The spleen somatic index was depressed in dab stressed in the laboratory and gobies collected from polluted sites in the Venice Lagoon. Differential blood cell counts consistently showed an increase in phagocytes and decrease in thrombocytes in fish exposed to various stressors. Phagocytic activity from spleen and kidney adherent cells was stimulated in dab stressed by transportation but depressed in fish exposed to chemical pollutants. Respiratory burst activity in phagocytic cells was also stimulated in stressed dab but depressed in sea bass exposed to cadmium. The results are discussed in relation to current concepts on stress in fish and the regulation of the immune system.
    Keywords: Biology ; Fisheries ; Limnology ; Bioassays ; Nervous system ; Immunity ; Biological stress ; Marine fish ; Pollution effects ; Kidneys ; Phagocytosis ; Italy ; Porto Marghera
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    Mussel eggs as indicators of mutagen exposure in coastal and estuarine environments (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5311 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:06:25 | 5311 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: The aim of this study was to develop a short-term genotoxicity assay for monitoring the marine environment for mutagens. Based on the developing eggs and embryos of the marine mussel Mytilus edulis, an important pollution indicator species, the test employs the sensitive sister chromatid exchange (SCE) technique as its end-point, and exploits the potential of mussel eggs to accumulate mutagenic pollutants from the surrounding sea water. Mussel eggs take up to 6 months to develop while in the gonad, which provides scope for DNA damage to be accumulated over an extended time interval; chromosome damage is subsequently visualised as SCEs in 2-cell-stage embryos after these have been spawned in the laboratory. Methods which measure biological responses to pollutant exposure are able to integrate all the factors (internal and external) which contribute to the exposure. The new cytogenetic assay allows the effects of adult exposure to be interpreted in cells destined to become part of the next generation.
    Keywords: Biology ; Environment ; Oceanography ; Marine molluscs ; Eggs ; Coastal zone ; Mutagens ; Indicator species ; Embryos ; Cytogenetics ; Pollution effects ; Bioassays ; Methodology
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    The microbiological quality of water: the nature of the problem (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5315 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:06:22 | 5315 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: Improvements in methods for the detection and enumeration of microbes in water, particularly the application of techniques of molecular biology, have highlighted shortcomings in the ”standard methods” for assessing water quality. Higher expectations from the consumer and increased publicity associated with pollution incidents can lead to an uncoupling of the cycle which links methodological development with standard-setting and legislation. The new methodology has also highlighted problems within the water cycle, related to the introduction, growth and metabolism of microbes. A greater understanding of the true diversity of the microbial community and the ability to transmit genetic information within aquatic systems ensures that the subject of this symposium and volume provides an ideal forum to discuss the problems encountered by both researcher and practitioner.
    Keywords: Biology ; Limnology ; Pollution ; Water quality ; Microbiology ; Microorganisms ; Hydrologic cycle ; Methodology ; Bacteria ; Bacterial counters ; Public health ; Microbial contamination ; Primary production ; Fungi ; Cryptosporidium
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    Biodiversity in drinking water distribution systems:a brief review (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5323 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:05:12 | 5323 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: In drinking water distribution systems, three groups of living organisms are usually found in the biofilm and circulating water: heterotrophic bacteria, free-living protozoa, and macro-invertebrates. Indirect evidence suggests that protozoa grazing in distribution systems can partially eliminate biomass production and accidental microbiological pollution. This paper examines the biodiversit in drinking water distribution systems.
    Keywords: Biology ; Limnology ; Water supply ; Biodiversity ; Food chains ; Bacteria ; Invertebrate larvae ; Escherichia coli
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    Persistence of viable but non-culturable bacteria during the production and distribution of drinking water (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5322 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:05:32 | 5322 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: The direct measurement of in situ respiring bacteria using 5-cyano-2,3-ditolyl tetrazolium chloride (CTC) shows that, especially for Gram-negative bacteria, large numbers of viable but non-culturable (VBNC) bacteria are present in finished water from a conventional water treatment plant, and the regrowth of bacteria along distribution networks can be seen rapidly by using this very sensitive technique. The level of bacterial inactivation with chlorine is much less important than has been previously supposed (based on experiments with non-injured laboratory strains of bacteria and classical culture techniques). Threshold values of VBNC bacteria leaving water treatment plants or regrowing along distribution systems have to be determined for better control of coliform regrowth and health- risks associated with the consumption of drinking water.
    Keywords: Biology ; Health ; Limnology ; Water supply ; Water treatment ; Bacteria ; Microbiological culture ; Bacterial counters ; Staining ; Growth curves ; France
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    Limnetic crustaceans in Esthwaite water and adjacent lakes (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5175 | 3949 | 2011-09-29 15:19:19 | 5175 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: Limnetic crustaceans (i.e. those which live in the open water of lakes and ponds) were investigated in Esthwaite water and adjacent lakes. These are represented by two groups, Copepoda and Cladocera.
    Keywords: Biology ; Ecology ; Limnology ; Freshwater crustaceans ; Zooplankton ; Lakes ; Cladocera ; England ; Esthwaite Water ; Annual report
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    Aspects of the biology of coarse fish in the Dorset Stour (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5178 | 3949 | 2011-09-29 15:16:57 | 5178 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: Some of the results from an investigation of five species of coarse fish, in the Stour River, carried out from 1968-1978 are presented in this article. The species involved were: Rutilus rutilis, Leuciscus leuciscus, L. cephalus, Esox lucius and Perca fluviatilis : which are of particular interest to anglers. Although these species show some similarities, as in the shape of the annual and seasonal growth curves, in most other respects each species occupies a distinct niche in the ecosystem and has a life-history strategy peculiar to itself. In this study only 5 species were investigated. When all the species present are considered the relationships or diversities suggested here will therefore be made far more complex.
    Keywords: Biology ; Ecology ; Life history ; Coarse fish ; Rutilus rutilus ; Leuciscus leuciscus ; Leuciscus cephalus ; Esox lucius ; Perca fluviatilis ; England ; River Stour ; Annual report
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    Eggs of Ephemeroptera (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5182 | 3949 | 2011-09-29 15:17:19 | 5182 | Freshwater Biological Association
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: Information on fecundity, oviposition behaviour, egg hatching, and parthenogenetic development of Ephemeroptera is reviewed and summarized.
    Keywords: Biology ; Ecology ; Reproduction (biology) ; Ephemeroptera ; Annual report
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    Experiments using an artificial stream to investigate the seasonal growth of chalk-stream algae (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5190 | 3949 | 2011-09-29 15:14:57 | 5190 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: Research into the production ecology of chalk streams using a large artificial recirculating stream is described. Physical chemical processes including calcium and inorganic phosphate levels, and exchange of gaseous carbon dioxide in both a simple closed system and a circulating system with gravel substrate have been monitored in both light and dark conditions. Further experiments were concerned with the seasonal changes in algal growth over the gravel substrate with constant water velocities and replenishment. The algal population, composed mainly of the diatoms Achnanthes minutissima, Meridion circulare, Nitzschia fonticola and Synedra ulna reached a peak in mid May and declined rapidly during June. Concentrations of phosphate phosphorus fell as the diatoms grew but was not thought to limit growth. Silicate concentrations followed the diatom cycle closely but never fell below 0.8 mg/l Si. It is possible that one of the nutrients may have been limiting the rate of growth due to steep diffusion gradients through the algal mat. In the last summer and autumn a hard calcareous crust composed of the green alga Gongrosira incrustans and the blue green alga Homeothrix varians , developed. The channel stream is compared with the natural conditions found in chalk streams.
    Keywords: Biology ; Ecology ; Algae ; Fresh water ; Growth ; Phosphates ; Population dynamics ; Seasonal variations ; Silicates ; Achnanthes minutissima ; Meridion circulare ; Synedra ulna ; Annual report
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    Monitoring the trophic status of reservoirs (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5206 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:16:23 | 5206 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: The current situation of regional, rather' than national, problems of eutrophication in standing waters has been widely aired in recent reports. A reliable, quantitative data base is a prerequisite to future trend monitoring, a concensus view of those reports. The objective of this report is to establish requirements, methodology and a minimal data set for nutrient and algae status in water supply reservoirs in England which may be used as a protocol for future trend monitoring.A pilot study has been carried out to assess the relative merits of different sampling strategies, the choice of which has major implications for the cost of sample collection. This short report suggests that consider the possibility of designating a few sites as ”baseline sites” at which detailed changes in trophic status as monitored by the more labour-intensive parameters would be collected on a regular, long term basis to help in the interpretation of the low cost survey results.
    Keywords: Biology ; Ecology ; Limnology ; Freshwater lakes ; Eutrophication ; Monitoring ; Surveying ; England ; Grasmere Lake
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    Impact of watercress cultivation on river water quality: progress report for the period, January - December 1987 (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5210 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:16:44 | 5210 | Freshwater Biological Association
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: The objective of this short project progress report is to investigate the possible water quality implications of modern watercress growing practices. Chalk receiving watercourses are usually of high supply, amenity, game fishing and fish farming value. Any headwater pollution load, therefore, needs characterising and quantifying. Two sites of watercress farming were studied in 1986-87 and nutrient levels examined. Different approaches of watercress farmers in Dorset and Hampshire are summarised.
    Keywords: Biology ; Ecology ; Limnology ; Rivers ; Aquaculture ; Aquaculture enterprises ; Aquaculture techniques ; Nutrients (mineral) ; England
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    Freshwater survey of the ditches around Hinkley Point Power Station, 20 June 1985 (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5213 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:14:36 | 5213 | Freshwater Biological Association
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: Sampling was concentrated on the North Moor region and the series of ditches which drained this area to the Bristol Channel. Although most ditches were not deep the mud substratum precluded sampling from within the habitat. All samples were taken with a pond net from the banks. Efforts were made to sample each part of the habitat although in some ditches the macrophyte growth was so intense as to make sampling difficult particularly of the sediments. Organisms were identified on the 10 sampling sites.
    Keywords: Biology ; Ecology ; Limnology ; Trenching ; Biological sampling ; Identification ; Biological surveys ; England ; Somerset
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    Automatic identification and enumeration of algae (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5207 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:16:29 | 5207 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: A good understanding of the population dynamics of algal communities is vital in many ecological and pollution studies of freshwater and oceanic systems. Present methods require manual counting and identification of algae and can take up to 90 min to obtain a statistically reliable count on a complex population. Several alternative techniques to accelerate the process have been tried on marine samples but none have been completely successful because insufficient effort has been put into verifying the technique before field trials. The objective of the present study has been to assess the potential of in vivo fluorescence of algal pigments as a means of automatically identifying algae. For this work total fluorescence spectroscopy was chosen as the observation technique.
    Keywords: Biology ; Ecology ; Limnology ; Algae ; Identification ; Methodology ; Fluorescence ; Fluorescence spectroscopy ; England
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    The effects of environmental stress on the physiology of growth in rainbow trout, Salmo gairderi Richardson (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5211 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:14:56 | 5211 | Freshwater Biological Association
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: There is little doubt that both mammalian and teleost growth hormones can accelerate growth and increase food conversion efficiency in all commonly-reared species of salmonid fish. In those vertebrates that have been closely studied (predominantly mammals), the pituitary hormone somatotropin (GH or growth hormone) is a prime determinant of somatic growth. The hormone stimulates protein biosynthesis and tissue growth, enhances lipid utilization and lipid release from the adipose tissues (a protein-sparing effect) and suppresses the peripheral utilization of glucose. The present study is a prerequisite for future work on growth hormone physiology in salmonids and should contribute to our understanding of the mechanisms of growth suppression in stressed fish. Plasma growth hormone (GH) levels were measured in rainbow trout using a radioimmunoassay developed against chinook salmon growth hormone.
    Keywords: Biology ; Ecology ; Limnology ; Salmon fisheries ; Freshwater fish ; Hormones ; Blood ; Growth ; England ; Oncorhynchus mykiss
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    Joint research project on the aquatic ecotoxicity of organo-aluminium: Chemical reactions. First interim report (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5225 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:12:36 | 5225 | Freshwater Biological Association
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: The overall goal of the joint research project is to relate the chemical reactions involved in the formation of organo-aluminium complexes under acid conditions to their toxic effects on the physiology of aquatic organisms. Finally, this research is intended to predict toxic effects arising from acidity and aluminium under varying environmental conditions. This interim report examines the chemical modelling of ion-binding by humic substances where a computer model has been developed and is being tested using field data, and conditions required for the precipitation of aluminium in surface waters.
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Limnology ; Pollution ; Modelling ; Models ; Humic acids ; Surface water ; Aluminium compounds ; Aluminium ; Ions ; Toxicity ; England ; Duddon River
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    Water mites: predators and parasites (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5240 | 3949 | 2011-09-29 15:13:51 | 5240 | Freshwater Biological Association
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: The majority of water mites found in freshwater belong to the Hydrachnellae, a group which exhibit striking morphological diversity. This paper reviews work on the structure, morphology and taxonomy. The role of water mites as predators, their life history and their parasitic associations with aquatic insect or freshwater mollusc hosts is discussed along with the distribution of water mites in the British Isles.
    Keywords: Biology ; Ecology ; Animal morphology ; Distribution records ; Fresh water ; Hosts ; Larvae ; Life cycle ; Parasites ; Predators ; Taxonomy ; Acari ; Arachnida ; Hydrachnellae ; British Isles ; Annual report
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    The classification and prediction of macroinvertebrate communities in British rivers (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5242 | 3949 | 2011-09-29 15:13:57 | 5242 | Freshwater Biological Association
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: This article describes the progress of the River Communities Project which commenced in 1977. This project aimed to develop a sensitive and practical system for river site classification using macroinvertebrates as an objective means of appraising the status of British rivers. The relationship between physical and chemical features of sites and their biological communities were examined. Sampling was undertaken on 41 British rivers. Ordination techniques were used to analyze data and the sites were classified into 16 groups using multiple discrimination analysis. The potential for using the environmental data to predict to which group a site belonged and the fauna likely to be present was investigated.
    Keywords: Biology ; Ecology ; Aquatic communities ; Check lists ; Classification Systems ; Environmental factors ; Fresh water ; Rivers ; Sampling ; Invertebrata ; Annual report
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    'The highly nervous system of the English Lakes': aquatic ecosystem sensitivity to external changes, as demonstrated by diatoms. (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5241 | 3949 | 2011-09-29 15:13:56 | 5241 | Freshwater Biological Association
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: The author reviews the stratigraphic diatom profile of Cumbrian lakes since the last glaciation. Knowledge of both present and previous interglacials suggests that a natural cycle of change is imposed on all lakes. The nature of inwashed material is dependant on climatic and natural soilcycles and this affects the water quality and sensitive aquatic biota. Anthropogenic effects are superimposed upon this with forest clearance and pollution. Whilst some Cumbrian diatom profiles extend over the entire post glacial, others cover only detailed sections relating to particular problems. Causes and effect of recent changes in lakes can be studied using indicator species but palaeocology contributes greatly to understanding of long term changes.
    Keywords: Biology ; Limnology ; Biostratigraphy ; Climatic changes ; Colonization ; Cores ; Environmental effects ; Eutrophication ; Fossil diatoms ; Historical account ; Land use ; pH ; Palynology ; Sediment analysis ; Sedimentology ; Water quality ; Lake District ; Cumbria ; Annual report
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    Turbidity and plant growth in large slow-flowing lowland rivers. Progress Report: March 1989 (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5245 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:14:09 | 5245 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: The River Great Ouse is a highly managed large lowland river in eastern England. It drains rich arable land in the Midlands and Eastern England and over the years nutrient concentrations have increased and there is a general perception that the clarity of the water has decreased. The main river channels have been dredged a number of times partly for flood control reasons but also for recreational boating and navigation activities. The period covered by this first report has been used to develop specific methodology and instrumentation for measuring turbidity, suspended solids and underwater irradiance for conditions found in the middle abd lower reaches of the River Great Ouse. Sampling strategies have been developed and an extensive sampling programme is now underway covering phytoplankton, suspended solids and turbidity in relation to algal epiphyte growth on underwater macrophytes. Preliminary data are presented relating light levels on the river bed to the river bed profile, turbidity levels and phytoplankton chlorophyll a concentrations. Studies are underway concerning the extent of macrophyte cover and periphyton densities.
    Keywords: Biology ; Ecology ; Limnology ; Rivers ; Seasonal variations ; Turbidity ; Aquatic pl ; England ; Great Ouse River ; Periphyton ; Phytoplankton ; Chlorophylls
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    Africa: the FBA connection (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5246 | 3949 | 2011-09-29 15:08:18 | 5246 | Freshwater Biological Association
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: Since its inception in the 1930's the Freshwater Biological Association at Windermere, England has been involved in research on African lakes and rivers. Research has included general and multidisciplinary surveys of many lakes including Lake Victoria, Lake Tanganyika, Lake Nyasa (Lake Malawi) and Lake George. The hydrobiology of the River Nile has also been studied. Research into physical and chemical limnology, phytoplankton ecology and primary productivity, invertebrate biology, freshwater fish and fisheries.
    Keywords: Biology ; Fisheries ; Limnology ; Algae ; Chemical limnology ; Fisheries ; Freshwater fish ; Freshwater lakes ; Hydrobiology ; Invertebrate zoology ; Parasitology ; Physical limnology ; Phytoplankton ; Primary production ; Research programs ; Rivers ; Tropical lakes ; Cichlidae ; Crustacea ; Invertebrata ; Mollusca ; Pisces ; Africa ; River Nile ; Lake Victoria ; Annual report
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    Physiological ecology of the ciliated protozoon Loxodes (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5244 | 3949 | 2011-09-29 15:14:07 | 5244 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: Loxodes faces special problems in living close to the oxic-anoxic boundary. In tightly-stratified ponds like Priest Pot its optimum environment may be quite narrow and it can be displaced by the slightest turbulence. Loxodes cannot sense an O sub(2) gradient directly but its ability to perceive gravity allows it to make relatively long vertical migrations. It is also sensitive to light and oxygen and it uses these environmental cues to modulate the parameters of its random motility: in the dark, it aggregates at a low O sub(2) tension and in bright light it aggregates in anoxic water. The oxic-anoxic boundary is also a zone where O sub(2) may be a scarce and transient resource, but Loxodes) can switch to nitrate respiration and exploit the pool of nitrate that often exists close to the base of the oxycline.
    Keywords: Biology ; Ecology ; Anoxic conditions ; Dissolved oxygen ; Ecophysiology ; Freshwater lakes ; Light effects ; Physiochemical properties ; Turbulence ; Vertical migrations ; Loxodes ; England ; Cumbria ; Annual report
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: book_section , FALSE
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 33-56
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  • 44
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    Biological and climatic influences on the dace Leuciscus leuciscus in a southern chalk-stream (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5247 | 3949 | 2011-09-29 15:08:19 | 5247 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: The dace, Leuciscus leuciscus (L.) is an important cyprinid in terms of population biomass in chalk streams of southern England. Dace recruitment has been shown to vary widely from year to year and it is thought that this variation is largely as a result of the influence of abiotic factors, chiefly water temperature. From 1968 to 1981 there was a thirteen-fold difference in the year class structure index between the minimum index (0.25 in 1972) and the maximum (3.21 in 1976). The problems of such variation, especially those that could ensue from a succession of poor year-classes, are offset by the spread of reproductive effort by each female over several years.
    Keywords: Biology ; Chemistry ; Fisheries ; Abiotic factors ; Age composition ; Annual variations ; Climate ; Fecundity ; Fish eggs ; Fish larvae ; Freshwater fish ; Life history ; Mortality ; Population dynamics ; Predation ; Recruitment ; Sexual reproduction ; Survivial ; Water temperature ; Cyprinidae ; Leuciscus leuciscus ; England ; Dorset ; Chalk streams ; Annual report
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: book_section , FALSE
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 83-96
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    Experimental design in fluvial ichthyology: getting the most for your money (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5248 | 3949 | 2011-09-29 15:08:21 | 5248 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: In field biology, cost efficiency is an essential element of experimental design, with ramifications extending well beyond the basic monetary considerations associated with labour and equipment acquisition. Current economic constraints often require scientists to undertake many technical, secretarial and managerial tasks in addition to those associated with data collection, analysis, interpretation and publication. Because the time spent to process material in the laboratory can rarely be shortened without compromising the integrity of the results, it is imperative that field experiments be well-organised, addressing as many aspects of the problem as possible during the same sampling excursion. The sampling strategy employed should provide a maximum of good field data with a minimum cost of time and effort.
    Keywords: Biology ; Management ; Costs ; Efficency ; Experimental research ; Ichthyology ; Annual report
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: book_section , FALSE
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 68-87
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    Analysis and adsorption of phosalone on aquatic sediment (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5257 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:09:23 | 5257 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: Phosalone is a non systematic, wide spectrum organophosphate pesticide which was discovered in 1961 in the laboratories of the Societe des Usines Chimique Rhone-Poulenc in France. It has been approved for commercial use since 1964 in France, in Australia since 1966, in the United Kingdom in 1967 and in many other countries including Japan, Egypt, USSR and the USA. This study provides a full literature review on all aspects of phosalone including its physical, biological and chemical characteristics, and analytical methods of analysis with particular reference to soils/sediments. Furthermore, it aims to develop a method for the determintion of phosalone in aquatic sediments and to determine the adsorption of phosalone onto kaolinite.
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Limnology ; Pollution ; Insecticides ; Metabolism ; Toxicity ; Biodegradation ; Adsorption
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: monograph
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 54
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    Joint Anglo-Soviet biological surveillance exercise on River Dnieper (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5260 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:09:28 | 5260 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: As one part of an on-going programme concerned with environmental protection as provided for under the terms of a UK/USSR Joint Environmental Protection Agreement signed in London, 21 May 1974, a seminar — ”The elaboration of the scientific basis for monitoring the quality of surface water by hydrobiological indices” was held at Valdai in Russia 12—14 July, 1976. As a continuation of this theme it was agreed that delegations of hydrobiologists from each side should carry out reciprocal visits to carry out comparative field tests on selected systems of biological surveillance in use in the respective countries. In May 1978 a team of British hydrobiologists visited the USSR, under the auspices of the Department of Environment, to carry out joint exercises on the River Dnieper and some tributaries. This paper reports the results of selected methods used by the British side when applied to the conditions found in the River Dnieper.
    Description: UK Hydrobiologists' Report - Pollution Report No.8
    Keywords: Biology ; Ecology ; Limnology ; Sampling ; Samplers ; Methodology ; Rivers ; International cooperation ; Water reservoirs ; Ukraine ; Dnieper River
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: monograph
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 21
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    Bassenthwaite Lake: a general assessment of environmental and biological features and their susceptibility to change (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5254 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:09:03 | 5254 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: Bassenthwaite (Lake) is one of the larger Cumbrian lakes, certainly one of the most distinctive, and of considerable conservation and amenity value. Although its shores lack sizeable settlements, its main inflow receives sewage effluent from a major tourist centre (Keswick) and is subject to episodic floods. These influences, the growing development of leisure activities at the lake (e.g. sailing, time-share units), and recent road-construction, have led to past appraisals of ecological impacts and lake management. The lake has not been the subject of intense and long-term ecological study, but much scattered information exists that is relevant to future management decisions. In the present Report, commissioned by North West Water, such information - published and unpublished - is surveyed. Especial attention is given to evidence bearing on susceptibility to change, affecting the lake environment and its biota or species of conservation interest. Extensive use has been made of the results of a recent (1986-7) seasonal survey by the FBA.
    Keywords: Biology ; Ecology ; Limnology ; Freshwater lakes ; Freshwater ecology ; Limnology ; Hydrology ; Phytoplankton ; Zooplankton ; Freshwater fish ; Benthos ; England ; Bassenthwaite Lake
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: monograph
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 93
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    Genetic engineering of microorganisms: free release into the environment (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5250 | 3949 | 2020-08-23 05:42:00 | 5250 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: Genetic engineering now makes possible the insertion of DNA from many organisms into other prokaryotic, eukaryotic and viral hosts. This technology has been used to construct a variety of such genetically engineered microorganisms (GEMs). The possibility of accidental or deliberate release of GEMs into the natural environment has recently raised much public concern. The prospect of deliberate release of these microorganisms has prompted an increased need to understand the processes of survival, expression, transfer and rearrangement of recombinant DNA molecules in microbial communities. The methodology which is being developed to investigate these processes will greatly enhance our ability to study microbial population ecology.
    Keywords: Biology ; Ecology ; Environment ; Aquatic environment ; Genetics ; Microorganisms ; England ; Annual report
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: book_section , FALSE
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 91-107
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    A general assessment of environmental and biological features of Windermere and their susceptibility to change (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5255 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:09:19 | 5255 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: Bassenthwaite (Lake) is one of the larger Cumbrian lakes, certainly one of the most distinctive, and of considerable conservation and amenity value. Although its shores lack sizeable settlements, its main inflow receives sewage effluent from a major tourist centre (Keswick) and is subject to episodic floods. These influences, the growing development of leisure activities at the lake (e.g. sailing, time-share units), and recent road-construction, have led to past appraisals of ecological impacts and lake management. The lake has not been the subject of intense and long-term ecological study, but much scattered information exists that is relevant to future management decisions. In the present Report, commissioned by North West Water, such information - published and unpublished - is surveyed. Especial attention is given to evidence bearing on susceptibility to change, affecting the lake environment and its biota or species of conservation interest. Extensive use has been made of the results of a recent (1986-7) seasonal survey by the FBA.
    Keywords: Biology ; Ecology ; Limnology ; Freshwater lakes ; Freshwater ecology ; Limnology ; Hydrology ; Phytoplankton ; Zooplankton ; Freshwater fish ; Sediments ; England ; Windermere Lake
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: monograph
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 150
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