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  • 1
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    New treatment perspectives in autism spectrum disorders (2021)
    Frontiers Media SA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: Developing novel and more effective treatments that improve quality of life for individuals with autism spectrum disorders is urgently needed. To date a wide range of behavioral interventions have been shown to be safe and effective for improving language and cognition and adaptive behavior in children and adolescents with ASD. However many people with ASD can receive additional benefit from targeted pharmacological interventions. One of the major drawback in setting up therapeutics intervention is the remarkable individual differences found across individuals with ASD. As a matter of fact the medications that are currently available address only symptoms associated with ASD and not the core domains of social and communication dysfunction. The pathogenesis paradigm shift of ASD towards synaptic abnormalities moved the research to pathway to disease that involve multiple systems and that are becoming the forefront of ASD treatment and are pointing toward the development of new targeted treatments. Some new therapeutics have been tested and others are being studied. In this context single gene disorders frequently associated with ASD such as Rett Syndrome, Fragile X and Tuberous Sclerosis have been of significant aid as neurobiology of these disorders is more clear and has a potential to shed light on the altered signaling in ASD. However much research is needed to further understand the basic mechanisms of disease and the relationship to idiopathic ASD. Clinical trials in children are underway with agents directed to core symptoms and to the associated disorders in the search of new therapeutics and progress are expected with possible new option for therapeutics in ASD in the upcoming future. Children and Adolescents with ASD and their families can provide important information about their experience with new treatments and this should be a priority for future research. In addition, research performed on genetic mouse models of ASD will keep on providing useful information on the molecular pathways disrupted in the disease, thus contributing to identify novel drug targets.
    Keywords: R5-920 ; RJ1-570 ; Clinical Trial ; mouse model ; neurodevelopmental disorder ; Genetics ; autism ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
    Language: English
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  • 2
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    Chapter 3 Anticipating Prevention (2021)
    Taylor & Francis | Anthropologies of Cancer in Transnational Worlds | Routledge
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-09-12
    Description: Cancer is a transnational condition involving the unprecedented flow of health information, technologies, and people across national borders. Such movement raises questions about the nature of therapeutic citizenship, how and where structurally vulnerable populations obtain care, and the political geography of blame associated with this disease. This volume brings together cutting-edge anthropological research carried out across North and South America, Europe, Africa and Asia, representing low-, middle- and high-resource countries with a diversity of national health care systems. Contributors ethnographically map the varied nature of cancer experiences and articulate the multiplicity of meanings that survivorship, risk, charity and care entail. They explore institutional frameworks shaping local responses to cancer and underlying political forces and structural variables that frame individual experiences. Of particular concern is the need to interrogate underlying assumptions of research designs that may lead to the naturalizing of hidden agendas or intentions. Running throughout the chapters, moreover, are considerations of moral and ethical issues related to cancer treatment and research. Thematic emphases include the importance of local biologies in the framing of cancer diagnosis and treatment protocols, uncertainty and ambiguity in definitions of biosociality, shifting definitions of patienthood, and the sociality of care and support.
    Keywords: cancer ; anthropological research ; health ; anthropology ; cancer ; anthropological research ; health ; anthropology ; Brazil ; Breast cancer ; Genetic testing ; Genetics ; Oncogenomics ; Public health ; São Paulo ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MB Medicine: general issues::MBS Medical sociology ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSX Human biology::PSXM Medical anthropology
    Language: English
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  • 3
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    Host Genetics in Viral Pathogenesis and Controls (2021)
    Frontiers Media SA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact
    Keywords:  Viruses ; Genetics ; Host-virus interaction ; Epidemiology ; Immunity ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PD Science: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing::MF Pre-clinical medicine: basic sciences::MFN Medical genetics
    Language: English
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  • 4
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    The Routledge History of Disease (2021)
    Taylor & Francis | Routledge
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-02
    Description: The Routledge History of Disease draws on innovative scholarship in the history of medicine to explore the challenges involved in writing about health and disease throughout the past and across the globe, presenting a varied range of case studies and perspectives on the patterns, technologies and narratives of disease that can be identified in the past and that continue to influence our present. Organized thematically, chapters examine particular forms and conceptualizations of disease, covering subjects from leprosy in medieval Europe and cancer screening practices in twentieth-century USA to the ayurvedic tradition in ancient India and the pioneering studies of mental illness that took place in nineteenth-century Paris, as well as discussing the various sources and methods that can be used to understand the social and cultural contexts of disease. Chapter 24 of this book is freely available as a downloadable Open Access PDF under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives 3.0 license. https://www.routledgehandbooks.com/doi/10.4324/9781315543420.ch24
    Keywords: Abigail Woods ; Akihito Suzuki ; Alannah Tomkins ; Arthur W. Frank ; Brian Hurwitz ; Catherine Rider ; Christoph Gradmann ; contagion ; David Cantor ; David M. Turner ; Dominik Wujastyk ; disability ; Elena Carrera ; Elma Brenner ; Fay Bound Alberti ; Genetics ; Havi Carel ; Helen Bynum ; Jana Funke ; Julie Anderson ; Katherine Foxhall ; Katrina Ford ; Leprosy ; Mark Harrison ; Martin D. Moore ; Michael Worboys ; Mnica García ; Pandemic ; plague ; Richard A. McKay ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHB General and world history ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHT History: specific events and topics::NHTB Social and cultural history
    Language: English
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  • 5
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    Neuroscience of Human Attachment (2021)
    Frontiers Media SA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Attachment is a biologically emotion regulation based system guiding cognitive and emotional processes with respect to intimate and significant relationships. Secure relationships promote infants’ exploration of the world and expand their mastery of the environment. Adverse attachment experiences like, maltreatment, loss, and separation have long been known to have enduring unfavorable effects on human mental health. Research on the neurobiological basis of attachment started with animal studies focusing on emotional deprivation and its behavioral, molecular and endocrine consequences. The present book presents an interdisciplinary synthesis of existing knowledge and new perspectives on the human neuroscience of attachment, showing the tremendous development of this field. The following chapters include innovative studies that are representative of the broad spectrum of current approaches. These involve both differing neurobiological types of substrates using measures like fMRI, EEG, psychophysiology, endocrine parameters, and genetic polymorphisms, as well as psychometric approaches to classify attachment patterns in individuals. The findings we have acquired in the meanwhile on the neural substrates of attachment in healthy subjects lay the foundation of studies with clinical groups. The final section of the book addresses evidence on changes in the functioning of these neural substrates in psychopathology.
    Keywords: RC321-571 ; Q1-390 ; fMRI ; Neuroscience ; social cognition ; Brain activity ; EEG ; Genetics ; Attachment ; Attachment representation ; Psychopathology ; Neurophysiology ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAN Neurosciences
    Language: English
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    The Parallel March of Asthma and Allergy in Childhood: A Multi-Perspective Approach (2021)
    Frontiers Media SA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: It has not been yet clarified whether allergy and asthma are part of the same condition or they follow a parallel path. This Research Topic aims to try and put some light in this parallel march going through crucial topics: from prenatal events to later risk factors such as obesity; and from basic immunology to immunotherapy, both subcutaneous and sublingual. We hope the readers can infer their own conclusions as what is first: egg or chicken.
    Keywords: R5-920 ; RJ1-570 ; Allergy ; Obesity ; Food allergy ; Oxidative stress ; Mediterranean diet ; Immunotherapy ; Genetics ; Epidemiology ; Asthma ; Atopy ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
    Language: English
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    Translational Research for Cucurbit Molecular Breeding: Traits, Markers, and Genes (2021)
    Frontiers Media SA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact
    Keywords: Cucurbits ; Molecular Breeding ; Marker-Trait Association ; Genetics ; Translational Genomics ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PD Science: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PST Botany and plant sciences
    Language: English
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  • 8
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    Equine Science (2024)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Equine Science - Applications and Implications of New Technologies explores the fascinating world of history and technological advances in equine research. This comprehensive book explores the history and health of horses and the use of reproductive technologies in these animals. As tradition meets innovation, it delves into the ethical implications and responsible use of these technologies to ensure animal welfare. Expertly authored by scientists, it is an indispensable guide for horse enthusiasts, veterinarians, trainers, and researchers seeking to harness the power of innovation to unlock the full potential of the equine species.
    Keywords: Clinical and Laboratory Diagnosis ; System Disorders ; Genetics ; Biochemistry ; Exercise ; Anatomy ; Physiology ; Biomechanics ; Reproduction ; Artificial Insemination ; Embryo ; Hormones ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSV Zoology and animal sciences
    Language: English
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  • 9
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    Personalized Nutrition (2021)
    Karger
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-31
    Description: Awareness of the influence of our genetic variation to dietary response (nutrigenetics) and how nutrients may affect gene expression (nutrigenomics) is prompting a revolution in the field of nutrition. Nutrigenetics/Nutrigenomics provide powerful approaches to unravel the complex relationships among nutritional molecules, genetic variants and the biological system. This publication contains selected papers from the ‘3rd Congress of the International Society of Nutrigenetics/Nutrigenomics’ held in Bethesda, Md., in October 2009. The contributions address frontiers in nutrigenetics, nutrigenomics, epigenetics, transcriptomics as well as non-coding RNAs and posttranslational gene regulations in various diseases and conditions. In addition to scientific studies, the challenges and opportunities facing governments, academia and the industry are included.
    Keywords: Medicine & Public Health ; Nutrition ; Genetics ; Clinical Nutrition ; Dietetics ; Obesity ; Oncology ; Medicine ; thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing::MF Pre-clinical medicine: basic sciences::MFN Medical genetics
    Language: English
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  • 10
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    Why vaccines to HIV, HCV and Malaria have so far failed - Challenges to developing vaccines against immunoregulating pathogens (2021)
    Frontiers Media SA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: Despite continuous progress in the development of anti-viral and anti-bacterial/parasite drugs, the high cost of medicines and the potential for re-infection, especially in high risk groups, suggest that protective vaccines to some of the most dangerous persistent infections are still highly desirable. There are no vaccines available for HIV, HCV and Malaria, and all attempts to make a broadly effective vaccine have failed so far. In this Research Topic we look into why vaccines have failed over the years, and what we have learn from these attempts. Rather than only showing positive results, this issue aims to reflect on failed efforts in vaccine development. Coming to understand our limitations will have theoretical and practical implications for the future development of vaccines to these major global disease burdens.
    Keywords: R5-920 ; RC581-607 ; QR1-502 ; Q1-390 ; influenza ; HIV ; Malaria ; Infectious Disease ; Genetics ; Vaccine ; HCV ; immunology ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
    Language: English
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