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  • Elsevier  (5,804,754)
  • Springer  (3,531,825)
  • American Institute of Physics  (610,486)
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  • 1
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    Distribution of the invasive alien species Cotula coronopifolia L. (Asteraceae) relating to water halinity and sodicity in the Variconi wetland (Campania, southern Italy) (2024)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-27
    Description: Invasive alien species represent one of the main environmental threats to native biodiversity and can also strongly alter the biogeochemical cycles within an ecosystem. This study aims to define the distribution of the invasive alien species Cotula cor-onopifolia L. within the protected wetland "Variconi" (Campania region, southern Italy) and evaluate the potential role of water geochemical features as interpretation tools for pattern distribution. The presence of C. coronopifolia was assessed in the field, and a distribution map was drawn; concomitantly thirty-nine water samples were collected from groundwater and surface water bodies for chemical analyses. The results showed that C. coronopifolia preferentially colonized the sector of the wetland characterized by high halinity, while it is totally absent in retrodunal and sandy coastal area with very high halinity. The cartography presented can be used as a tool to help target future management interventions. Through our multidisciplinary approach, new evidence has been provided on the ecology of this invasive alien plant that occupies several wetlands worldwide. The replicability of this method may be useful to assess the level of invasion of an alien species but also to predict its evolution as a function of environmental parameters.
    Description: Published
    Description: 1653–1668
    Description: JCR Journal
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 2
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    Gravimetry and hydrologic data to constrain the hydrodynamics of a karstic area: The Škocjan Caves study case (2024)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-27
    Description: In this paper we employ a combination of gravity and hydrologic data to constrain a hydraulic model of the Škocjan Caves, an allogenic dominated karstic system in Slovenia. The gravity time-series recorded by a spring-based gravimeter, are carefully analyzed to remove tidal and non-tidal effects and unveil the local hydrologic contribution, which is influenced by the temporary accumulation of water in the cave system during the flood events of the Reka river. We make use of a combined analysis of three large flood events with peak river discharge of about 200, 230 and 300 m3/s, that caused significant water level and gravity variations sensed by the pressure transducer and by the gravimeter. By the integration of hydraulic modelling we study the different coupled gravimetric-hydrologic responses to these flood events: we show that, depending on the peak discharge and duration of the event, different flow conditions are present in the cave system. In addition to the information provided by the pressure transducer, the gravimeter is sensitive to the flow dynamics in a different sector of the cave due to the choice of its location; this configuration helps to better constrain the hydraulic model. Moreover, we find that the autogenic recharge by percolating water can significantly affect the gravity time-series and must be considered in related models. By inclusion of both the hydraulic model outcomes and of the modelling of the autogenic recharge, we are able to better explain the gravity transients during the two smaller magnitude events. In particular, during such events the autogenic contribution produces a transient gravity signal, which is about 4 times larger than the allogenic one, while during the largest flood the allogenic contribution drastically overcomes the autogenic effect by a factor 20. By discussing this case, we prove the potential of terrestrial gravity observation to depict the hydro-dynamics of these complex karstic systems as well as the potential of gravimetry to remotely monitor these storage units.
    Description: Published
    Description: 130453
    Description: JCR Journal
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 3
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    The temperatures recorded from January 2020 to February 2023 in the 3 Diffuse Degassing Zone of the active cone of La Fossa Caldera (2024)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-27
    Description: Active volcanoes show many mild thermal anomalies, because the ground surface is sensible to changes in the advective processes, occurring through the network of fissures. This data report shows the temperatures, recorded from January 2020 to February 2023, by a remote-controlled monitoring station. The VCS station is located on the summit of La Fossa cone (Vulcano, Aeolian Islands), in a zone of intense diffuse degassing. The temperature data, hourly registered at VCS, are available in the supplementary Excel file. The thermal data are part of the comprehensive network, performed by the Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, for volcanic surveillance. On the Island of Vulcano, the active volcanic system under la Fossa caldera has been affected by multiple exhaling crises, interpreted as unrest of volcanic activity. The temperature time series provided reference data showing the thermal transition of the volcanic ground surface from a background degassing condition, through unrest, to the new thermal condition that followed the unrest period.
    Description: OvFu 0304.010 - Italian Presidenza del Consiglio dei Ministri—Dipartimento della Protezione Civile
    Description: Published
    Description: 40
    Description: OSV2: Complessità dei processi vulcanici: approcci multidisciplinari e multiparametrici
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: heat flux ; time series ; Unrest ; Vulcano ; diffuse degassing ; thermal monitoring
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 4
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    28th September 2018 Mw 7.5 Sulawesi Supershear Earthquake, Indonesia: Ground effects and macroseismic intensity estimation using ESI-2007 scale (2024)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-27
    Description: The 28th September 2018 Sulawesi Supershear earthquake (MW 7.5) was one of the deadliest earthquakes in the recent history of Indonesia causing ∼4000 causalities. The earthquake caused a ∼ 177 km long surface rupture along the Palu-Karo fault. Apart from surface rupture, the earthquake caused extensive earthquake environmental effects (EEEs) around the Palu-Donggala area of Central Sulawesi, Indonesia, which includes tsunami, coastal landslide, liquefaction, ground cracks and more than 7300 landslides in hilly areas. Initial post-event analysis and reports assigned a Modified Mercalli Intensity (MMI) of VII to VIII in Palu City and the surrounding area. Building damage and ground effects caused by the earthquake suggested that seismic intensity was understated. Here we applied the EEEs information from field survey data, published reports, and remote sensing tools to determine macroseismic intensity using the Environmental Seismic Intensity (ESI-07) Scale. The ESI-07 intensity derived from the ground effects suggests the maximum intensity of X-XI, which is 3–4° higher than the traditional intensity estimated by the United States Geological Survey (USGS) and the Indonesian Agency for Meteorology, Climatology, and Geophysics (BMKG). ShakeMaps were generated considering the ESI-07 values. The ShakeMap was compared with the instrumentally derived ShakeMap for the Palu earthquake, which proves that the ShakeMap prepared from the instrumental data or structural damage data is underrated. We argue that proper documentation of the EEEs is necessary for such damaging earthquakes for future earthquake hazard mapping and planning in the study area and other earthquakes in Indonesia. In addition, this will help in defining the on-fault and off-fault damage zone towards reducing the seismic risk of the Palu Donggala area.
    Description: Published
    Description: 107054
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: Sulawesi Earthquake ; Indonesia ; EEEs ; ESI-07 ; ShakeMap ; Seismic Hazard
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 5
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    Effects of rainfall extreme events on coastal marine ecosystems (2021)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-27
    Description: Extreme rainfall generated by storms and atmospheric instability causes innumerable damage to coastal areas and their marine ecosystems. This chapter describes some of the processes that generate critical precipitation events in coastal areas. Among these, the typical synoptic conditions combine with the increase in sea surface temperature and air temperature, coastal geomorphology, and sea breeze. Coastal and regional rainfall events should be studied to understand the meteorological, oceanographic, and geomorphological conditions that cause the extreme events, to later relate them with the consequences on coasts. The effects of the interaction of storms with tides originating storm surges and the effect of sea-level rise are described as well as the main consequences of extreme rainfall events such as beach erosion, decrease in water quality, changes in plankton and fish species that inhabit coastal waters, among others.
    Type: Book chapter , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
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  • 6
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    Assessment of Porites microatolls for paleothermometry: Calibration for French Polynesia (2024)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-24
    Description: Highlights • Investigation into the potential of Porites microatolls for SST reconstruction. • Comparison between recent and more conventional coral paleoclimatology methods. • Application of Srsingle bondU and Li/Mg paleothermometer. • Accuracy and reproducibility of Sr/Ca proved to be the most suitable proxy for SST reconstruction. Abstract Massive dome-shaped coral Porites are the predominant choice for paleoclimate studies due to their consistent and reliable growth. When growing close to sea level, they become limited in their vertical growth and form so-called ‘microatolls’. Microatolls have not yet been extensively explored for paleoclimate reconstruction. Here, we investigate how reliable modern Porites microatolls are against empirical sea-surface temperature using Sr/Ca, δ18O, Li/Mg and Srsingle bondU paleothermometry methods on samples from the Society Islands, French Polynesia. Our results show Sr/Ca ratios have the lowest Standard Error of the Inverse Prediction (SEIP) at 0.415 °C (N = 41) with a calibration of Sr/Ca (mmol mol−1) = −0.082 ± 0.006 SST (°C) + 11.256 ± 0.170 and with high reproducibility across multiple corals. The reproducibility of δ18O was less good, with SEIP increasing to 0.829 °C (N = 41). Considering methods directly from the literature, Li/Mg ratio empirically corrected for Sr/Ca had the best balance between bias and precision where no local calibration could be available. This study independently evaluates and confirms the suitability of Porites microatolls from well-flushed environments for paleoclimate studies. Fossil dome-shaped Porites grow anywhere between near-surface and roughly 20 m depths which inherently incorporates uncertainty into any sea surface temperature reconstruction. This uncertainty is significantly reduced for microatolls due to their well-constrained bathymetry. The study represents a fundamental step in paleoclimate research targeting consistently near the water-air interface bringing reliability and, especially when combined with their ability to reconstruct past sea-level changes, microatolls have the potential to be central for future paleoenvironmental studies.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    Format: archive
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  • 7
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    Geochemical characteristics of natural springs within the Lenglongling fault zone related to the Menyuan Ms 6.9 earthquake on January 8, 2022, NW China (2024)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-23
    Description: Geofluids from natural springs connect with the crust and/or mantle in many cases, and their geochemical anomalies could be significant for the study on faults activity and even earthquakes. Several natural springs are distributed along the Lenglongling fault zone (LLLFZ) in the northeastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau, where the Ms 6.9 Menyuan earthquake occurred on January 8th, 2022. Based on chemical and isotopic compositions (δD, δ18O, δ13C, and 3He/4He) of water and gas samples, the origin of geofluids and their potential correlation with fault activity even including earthquakes are preliminarily assessed in this paper. The δ13CCO2 values and 3He/4He ratios showed that the gas originating from the crust was associated with the metamorphism of carbonate rocks, whereas the δ18O and δD values of water samples indicated that the natural springs were predominantly infiltrated with precipitations from local mountains ranging 3.7 - 5.5 km in height. Obvious changes of Ca2+ and HCO3􀀀 concentrations in SZK spring waters in the surface rupture zones were observed in a short period (about three months) after the main shock, in contrast to those of the GSK springs far from the surface rupture zones. Such variations might be correlated with the stress increase prior to the 2022 Menyuan Ms 6.9 earthquake. The mechanical fracturing of surrounding limestone rocks during the slipping movement of LLLF could facilitate the water-rock interactions. Compared to three-month observations after the main shock, relatively higher concentrations of HCO3􀀀 and heavier δ18OH2O values of the LHG springs were also observed in the short-term period. The shallow stored formation water might be squeezed along the cracks and rose to the surface during earthquake tremors, causing a sandblasting water phenomenon.
    Description: Published
    Description: 105767
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: Menyuan earthquake ; Natural spring ; Fluid geochemistry ; Lenglongling fault ; Tibetan plateau
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 8
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    The effects of hot and pressurized fluid flow across a brittle layer on the recent seismicity and deformation in the Campi Flegrei caldera (Italy) (2024)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-23
    Description: The influence of the hydrothermal circulation on seismicity and uplift observed at the Campi Flegrei caldera (Italy) is a topic of great interest to the scientific community. Recently, Thermo-Poro-Elastic (TPE) inclusions were proposed as likely deformation sources. They are suitable to explain the mechanical effects induced by hot and pressurized hydrothermal fluids, possibly exsolved from underlying magma, and pervading an overlying brittle layer. Recent works show that a TPE inclusion located at approximately 2 km depth below the Campi Flegrei caldera significantly contributed to the large and rapid soil uplift observed during the ‘82-’84 unrest phase. In the present work we demonstrate that such a source of deformation is likely playing a role even in the current unrest phase, which is characterized by a much lower uplift-rate with respect to the one occurred in the previous unrest phase. We will show that the time-series of soil uplift observed in the last 18 years can be reproduced by assuming the reactivation of the same deformation source responsible of the ‘82-’84 unrest located within a shallow brittle layer at about 2 km depth. The presence of a brittle layer has been evidenced in the past by tomographic studies and is confirmed by a sharp variation of the b-value at the corresponding depth.We believe that our results provide very important insights and evidences, supporting the existence and the importance of an active thermo-poro-elastic deformation source, which can be useful for understanding the unrest of the Campi Flegrei caldera, from both a scientific and geohazard perspective.
    Description: Published
    Description: 107930
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: Campi Flegrei ; Hydrothermal fluids ; Caldera ; Uplift ; Induced seismicity ; Deformation source
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 9
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    Moving from symptom management to upstream plastics prevention: The fallacy of plastic cleanup technology (2023)
    Elsevier
    In:  EPIC3One Earth, Elsevier, 6(11), pp. 1439-1442, ISSN: 2590-3330
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-23
    Description: Plastic removal technologies can temporarily mitigate plastic accumulation at local scales, but evidence-based criteria are needed in policies to ensure that they are feasible and that ecological benefits outweigh the costs. To reduce plastic pollution efficiently and economically, policy should prioritize regulating and reducing upstream production rather than downstream pollution cleanup.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , notRev
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 10
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    Mögliche Beiträge geologischer und mariner Kohlenstoffspeicher zur Dekarbonisierung (2024)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-23
    Description: Es werden mögliche Beiträge geologischer und mariner Kohlenstoffspeicher für die Vermeidung von CO2-Emissionen in die Atmosphäre oder für die Entnahme von bereits emittiertem CO2 aus der Atmosphäre vorgestellt. Neben der Einlagerung von CO2 in geologischen Speichern unter Land und unter dem Meeresboden werden eine forcierte CO2-Entnahme aus der Atmosphäre und Abgabe in den Ozean durch Erhöhung der Alkalinität, durch Ozeandüngung und durch das Management vegetationsreicher Küstenökosysteme untersucht. Alle Optionen können sowohl global als auch aus deutscher Perspektive eine Rolle für das Erreichen der Klimaziele spielen. Umweltverträglichkeit, Permanenz der Speicherung sowie infrastrukturelle und rechtliche Voraussetzungen, gesellschaftliche Akzeptanz und wirtschaftliche Realisierbarkeit bedürfen für alle Ansätze weiterer Klärung, bevor hieraus realisierbare Optionen werden können.
    Type: Book chapter , NonPeerReviewed
    Format: text
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