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  • American Physical Society  (663,490)
  • PANGAEA  (422,910)
  • American Institute of Physics (AIP)  (241,959)
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  • 1
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    (Table 1) Individual codes, haplotype codes, GenBank accession numbers for DNA sequences and sample locality of the analysed Betamorpha fusiformis specimens from the ANDEEP III expedition (2007)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Raupach, Michael R; Malyutina, Marina; Brandt, Angelika; Wägele, Johann-Wolfgang (2007): Molecular data reveal a highly diverse species flock within the munnopsoid deep-sea isopod Betamorpha fusiformis (Barnard, 1920) (Crustacea: Isopoda: Asellota) in the Southern Ocean. Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography, 54(16-17), 1820-1830, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2007.07.009
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-09
    Description: Based on our current knowledge about population genetics, phylogeography and speciation, we begin to understand that the deep sea harbours more species than suggested in the past. Deep-sea soft-sediment environment in particular hosts a diverse and highly endemic invertebrate fauna. Very little is known about evolutionary processes that generate this remarkable species richness, the genetic variability and spatial distribution of deep-sea animals. In this study, phylogeographic patterns and the genetic variability among eight populations of the abundant and widespread deep-sea isopod morphospecies Betamorpha fusiformis [Barnard, K.H., 1920. Contributions to the crustacean fauna of South Africa. 6. Further additions to the list of marine isopods. Annals of the South African Museum 17, 319-438] were examined. A fragment of the mitochondrial 16S rRNA gene of 50 specimens and the complete nuclear 18S rRNA gene of 7 specimens were sequenced. The molecular data reveal high levels of genetic variability of both genes between populations, giving evidence for distinct monophyletic groups of haplotypes with average p-distances ranging from 0.0470 to 0.1440 (d-distances: 0.0592-0.2850) of the 16S rDNA, and 18S rDNA p-distances ranging between 0.0032 and 0.0174 (d-distances: 0.0033-0.0195). Intermediate values are absent. Our results show that widely distributed benthic deep-sea organisms of a homogeneous phenotype can be differentiated into genetically highly divergent populations. Sympatry of some genotypes indicates the existence of cryptic speciation. Flocks of closely related but genetically distinct species probably exist in other widespread benthic deep-sea asellotes and other Peracarida. Based on existing data we hypothesize that many widespread morphospecies are complexes of cryptic biological species (patchwork hypothesis).
    Keywords: Agassiz Trawl; AGT; ANT-XXII/3; Area/locality; Database accession number; Date/Time of event; EBS; Elevation of event; Elevation of event 2; Epibenthic sledge; Event label; Haplotype group; Individual code; Latitude of event; Latitude of event 2; Longitude of event; Longitude of event 2; Polarstern; PS67/016-10; PS67/021-7; PS67/074-6; PS67/080-9; PS67/094-11; PS67/102-13; PS67/110-8; PS67/121-10; PS67 ANDEEP 3; Uniform resource locator/link to file
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 264 data points
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  • 2
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    Harmonized in-situ observations of surface energy fluxes and environmental drivers at 64 Arctic vegetation and glacier sites - Environmental conditions (2022)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-09
    Description: Despite the importance of surface energy budgets (SEBs) for land-climate interactions in the Arctic, uncertainties in their prediction persist. In situ observational data of SEB components - useful for research and model validation - are collected at relatively few sites across the terrestrial Arctic, and not all available datasets are readily interoperable. Furthermore, the terrestrial Arctic consists of a diversity of vegetation types, which are generally not well represented in land surface schemes of current Earth system models. This dataset describes the environmental conditions for 64 tundra and glacier sites (〉=60°N latitude) across the Arctic, for which in situ measurements of surface energy budget components were harmonized (see Oehri et al. 2022). These environmental conditions are (proxies of) potential drivers of SEB-components and could therefore be called SEB-drivers. The associated environmental conditions, include the vegetation types graminoid tundra, prostrate dwarf-shrub tundra, erect-shrub tundra, wetland complexes, barren complexes (≤ 40% horizontal plant cover), boreal peat bogs and glacier. These land surface types (apart from boreal peat bogs) correspond to the main classification units of the Circumpolar Arctic Vegetation Map (CAVM, Raynolds et al. 2019). For each site, additional climatic and biophysical variables are available, including cloud cover, snow cover duration, permafrost characteristics, climatic conditions and topographic conditions.
    Keywords: Arctic; Arctic_SEB_CA-SCB; Arctic_SEB_CP1; Arctic_SEB_Dye-2; Arctic_SEB_EGP; Arctic_SEB_FI-Lom; Arctic_SEB_GL-NuF; Arctic_SEB_GL-ZaF; Arctic_SEB_GL-ZaH; Arctic_SEB_KAN_B; Arctic_SEB_KAN_L; Arctic_SEB_KAN_M; Arctic_SEB_KAN_U; Arctic_SEB_KPC_L; Arctic_SEB_KPC_U; Arctic_SEB_MIT; Arctic_SEB_NASA-E; Arctic_SEB_NASA-SE; Arctic_SEB_NASA-U; Arctic_SEB_NUK_K; Arctic_SEB_NUK_L; Arctic_SEB_NUK_N; Arctic_SEB_NUK_U; Arctic_SEB_QAS_A; Arctic_SEB_QAS_L; Arctic_SEB_QAS_M; Arctic_SEB_QAS_U; Arctic_SEB_RU-Che; Arctic_SEB_RU-Cok; Arctic_SEB_RU-Sam; Arctic_SEB_RU-Tks; Arctic_SEB_RU-Vrk; Arctic_SEB_Saddle; Arctic_SEB_SCO_L; Arctic_SEB_SCO_U; Arctic_SEB_SE-St1; Arctic_SEB_SJ-Adv; Arctic_SEB_SJ-Blv; Arctic_SEB_SouthDome; Arctic_SEB_Summit; Arctic_SEB_TAS_A; Arctic_SEB_TAS_L; Arctic_SEB_TAS_U; Arctic_SEB_THU_L; Arctic_SEB_THU_U; Arctic_SEB_Tunu-N; Arctic_SEB_UPE_L; Arctic_SEB_UPE_U; Arctic_SEB_US-A03; Arctic_SEB_US-A10; Arctic_SEB_US-An1; Arctic_SEB_US-An2; Arctic_SEB_US-An3; Arctic_SEB_US-Atq; Arctic_SEB_US-Brw; Arctic_SEB_US-EML; Arctic_SEB_US-HVa; Arctic_SEB_US-ICh; Arctic_SEB_US-ICs; Arctic_SEB_US-ICt; Arctic_SEB_US-Ivo; Arctic_SEB_US-NGB; Arctic_SEB_US-Upa; Arctic_SEB_US-xHE; Arctic_SEB_US-xTL; ArcticTundraSEB; Arctic Tundra Surface Energy Budget; Aspect; Aspect, coefficient of variation; Calculated average/mean values; Cloud cover; Cloud cover, standard deviation; Cloud top pressure; Cloud top pressure, standard deviation; Cloud top temperature; Cloud top temperature, standard deviation; Conrad's continentality index; Daily maximum; Daily mean; Data source; Date/Time of event; dry tundra; Eddy covariance; eddy heat flux; ELEVATION; Elevation, standard deviation; Event label; Field observation; glacier; graminoids; ground heat flux and net radiation; harmonized data; high latitude; Humidity, relative; Land-Atmosphere; Land-cover; Land cover classes; Land cover type; latent and sensible heat; latent heat flux; LATITUDE; Location ID; LONGITUDE; longwave radiation; Mean values; Median values; meteorological data; Number of vegetation types; observatory data; Peat bog; Permafrost, type; Permafrost extent; Permafrost ice content, description; Precipitation; Precipitation, coefficient of variation; Precipitation, daily, maximum; Precipitation, snow; Precipitation, sum; Pressure, atmospheric; p-value; Radiation fluxes; Radiative energy budget; Reference/source; sensible heat flux; Shannon Diversity Index; Shannon Diversity Index, maximum; shortwave radiation; shrub tundra; Site; Slope; Slope, coefficient of variation; Slope, mathematical; Snow, onset, day of the year; Snow cover, number of days; Snowfall, coefficient of variation; Snow-free days; Snow type; Soil water content, volumetric; Species present; Summer warmth index; surface energy balance; synthetic data; Temperature, air, annual mean; Temperature, air, coefficient of variation; Temperature, annual mean range; tundra vegetation; Type of study; Uniform resource locator/link to reference; Vapour pressure deficit; Vegetation type; wetland; Wind speed; Zone
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 4705 data points
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  • 3
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    More than 50 years of Th-234 data: a comprehensive global oceanic compilation (2021)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-09
    Description: The ²³⁴Th-²³⁸U radioactive pair has been extensively used to evaluate the efficiency with which photosyntetically fixed carbon is exported from the surface ocean by means of the biological pump since the 90's. The seminal work of Buesseler et al. (1992) proposed that particulate organic carbon (POC) flux can be indirectly calculated from ²³⁴Th distributions if the ratio of POC to ²³⁴Th measured on sinking particles (POC:²³⁴Th) at the desired export depth is known. Since then, a huge amount of ²³⁴Th depth profiles have been collected using a variety of sampling instruments and strategies that have changed along years. This is a global oceanic compilation of ²³⁴Th measurements, that collects results from innumerable researchers and laboratories over a period exceeding 50 years. The present compilation is made of a total 223 datasets: 214 from studies published either in articles in referred journals, PhD thesis or repositories, and 9 unpublished datasets. Including measurements from JGOFS, VERTIGO and GEOTRACES programs, with sampling from approximately 5000 locations spanning all the oceans. The compilation includes total ²³⁴Th profiles, dissolved and particulate ²³⁴Th concentrations, and POC:²³⁴Th ratios (both from pumps and sediment traps) for two sizes classes (1-53 μm and 〈 53 μm) when available. Appropriate metadata have been included, including geographic location, date, and sample depth, among others. When available, we also include water temperature, salinity, ²³⁸U data and particulate organic nitrogen data. Data sources and methods information (including ²³⁸U and ²³⁴Th) are also detailed along with valuable information for future data analysis such as bloom stage and steady/non-steady state conditions at the sampling moment. This undertaking is a treasure of data to understand and quantify how oceanic carbon cycle functions and how it will change in future. The compilation can be downloaded in three different ways: 1) A single merged file including all the individual excel files. This option can be accessed under "Other version: More than 50 years of Th-234 data: a comprehensive global oceanic compilation (single xlsx file)". 2) A summary table that includes details from cruise, sampling dates, techniques applied, authors and DOI of the compiled ²³⁴Th data, among others, each line corresponds to a specific dataset. The table can be accessed by clicking ""View dataset as HTML" and downloaded in "Download dataset as tab-delimited text". 3) Individual Excel files for each dataset can be manually chosen from the summary table, corresponding to the complete ²³⁴Th dataset and metadata from a specific publication or program. This option is available by clicking "View dataset as HTML". Furthermore, all files referred to can be downloaded in one go as ZIP or TAR.
    Keywords: 234Th; Author(s); Binary Object; biological carbon pump; Carbon, organic, particulate/Thorium-234 ratio; carbon export; Chief scientist(s); Cruise/expedition; DATE/TIME; ELEVATION; Gear; GEOTRACES; Global marine biogeochemical cycles of trace elements and their isotopes; JGOFS; Joint Global Ocean Flux Study; Journal/report title; LATITUDE; LONGITUDE; Multiple cruises/expeditions; Ocean; Ocean and sea region; Period; POC flux; Project; Reference of data; Thorium-234, dissolved; Thorium-234, particulate; Thorium-234, total; Uniform resource locator/link to reference; Uranium-238; Vessel; Year of publication
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 4056 data points
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  • 4
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    Upper Eocene to Oligocene strontium, carbon and oxygen isotope record of DSDP holes (1988)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Miller, Kenneth G; Feigenson, Mark D; Kent, Dennis V; Olsson, Richard K (1988): Upper Eocene to Oligocene isotope (87Sr/86Sr, d18O, d13C) standard section, Deep Sea Drilling Project Site 522. Paleoceanography, 3(2), 223-233, https://doi.org/10.1029/PA003i002p00223
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-08
    Description: We improved upper Eocene to Oligocene deep-sea chronostratigraphic control by integrating isotope (87Sr/86Sr, delta18O, delta13C) stratigraphy and magnetostratigraphy. Most previous attempts to establish the timing of isotope fluctuations have relied upon biostratigraphic age estimates which have uncertainties of 0.5 to over 4.0 m.y. Deep Sea Drilling Project (DSDP) Site 522 contains the best available upper Eocene to Oligocene magnetostratigraphic record which allows first-order correlations of isotope records (87Sr/86Sr, delta18O, delta13C) to the Geomagnetic Polarity Time Scale (GPTS). Empirical calibrations between the 87Sr/86Sr of foraminifera and magnetochronology at Site 522 allow more precise correlation of ,unknown' samples with the GPTS. For example, shallow water and high-latitude sections may be tied into the deep-sea record. Sr-isotope stratigraphic resolution for the latest Eocene to Oligocene is approximately 2 m.y.
    Keywords: 73-522; 73-522A; 80-548A; 80-549A; Deep Sea Drilling Project; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; DSDP; Glomar Challenger; Leg73; Leg80; North Atlantic/SPUR; South Atlantic/PLATEAU
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 4 datasets
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  • 5
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    Age and strontium isotope composition for Cretaceous in DSDP Hole 74-525 (1995)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-08
    Description: Firm stratigraphic correlations are needed to evaluate the global significance of unconformity bounded units (sequences). We correlate the well-developed uppermost Campanian and Maestrichtian sequences of the New Jersey Coastal Plain to the geomagnetic polarity time scale (GPTS) by integrating Sr-isotopic stratigraphy and biostratigraphy. To do this, we developed a Maestrichtian (ca. 73-65 Ma) Sr-isotopic reference section at Deep Sea Drilling Project Hole 525A in the southeastern Atlantic Ocean. Maestrichtian strata can then be dated by measuring their 87Sr/86Sr composition, calibrating to the GPTS of S. C. Cande and D. V. Kent (1993, personal commun.), and using the equation Age (Ma) = 37326.894-52639.89 (87Sr/86Sr). Sr-stratigraphic resolution for the Maestrichtian is estimated as +-1.2 to +-2 m.y. At least two unconformity-bounded units comprise the uppermost Campanian to Maestrichtian strata in New Jersey. The lower one, the Marshalltown sequence, is assigned to calcareous nannofossil Zones CC20/21 (~NC19) and CC22b (~NC20). It ranges in age from ~74.1 to 69.9 Ma based on Sr-isotope age estimates. The overlying Navesink sequence is assigned to calcareous nannoplankton Zones CC25-26 (~NC21-23); it ranges in age from 69.3 to 65 Ma based on Sr-isotope age estimates. The upper part of this sequence, the Tinton Formation, has no calcareous planktonic control; Sr-isotopes provide an age estimate of 66 +- 1.2 Ma (latest Maestrichtian). Sequence boundaries at the base and the top of the Marshalltown sequence match boundaries elsewhere in the Atlantic Coastal Plain (Owens and Gohn, 1985) and the inferred global sea-level record of Haq et al. (1987); they support eustatic changes as the mechanism controlling depositional history of this sequence. However, the latest Maestrichtian record in New Jersey does not agree with Haq et al. (1987); we attribute this to correlation and time-scale differences near the Cretaceous/Paleogene boundary. High sedimentation rates in the latest Maestrichtian of New Jersey (Shrewsbury Member of the Red Bank Formation and the Tinton Formation) suggest tectonic uplift and/or rapid progradation during deposition of the highstand systems tract.
    Keywords: 74-525A; Deep Sea Drilling Project; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; DSDP; Glomar Challenger; Leg74; South Atlantic/CREST
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 2 datasets
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  • 6
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    Strontium isotope record of Miocene sediments from DSDP Hole 94-608 (1991)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Miller, Kenneth G; Feigenson, Mark D; Wright, James D; Clement, Bradford M (1991): Miocene isotope reference section, Deep Sea Drilling Project Site 608: an evaluation of isotope and biostratigraphic resolution. Paleoceanography, 6(1), 33-52, https://doi.org/10.1029/90PA01941
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-08
    Description: We developed an isotope (87Sr/86Sr, delta18O) reference section for the uppermost Oligocene to lower upper Miocene (ca. 25-8 Ma) at Site 608 in the northeastern North Atlantic. This site contains the least ambiguous magnetostratigraphic record of Miocene polarity changes available, providing direct correlations to the Geomagnetic Polarity Time Scale (GPTS). We integrate biostratigraphic, magnetostratigraphic, Sr isotope, and stable isotope data to provide a reference section for Miocene isotope fluctuations. The direct correlation of isotopes and biostratigraphy to the Geomagnetic Polarity Time Scale (GPTS) provides relatively precise age estimates. We use these age estimates to evaluate the timing of first and last occurrences of planktonic foraminifera, and conclude that many of these are synchronous within a 0.5 m.y. resolution between subtropical Site 563 (33°N) and high-latitude Site 608 (43°N). In addition, we use this chronology to estimate the ages of previously established Miocene oxygen isotope Zones Mi 1 through Mi 7 and to compare the Sr isotope record at Site 608 with previously published 87Sr/86Sr records. We approximate latest Oligocene to early late Miocene (25-8 Ma) Sr isotope changes with two linear regressions. The rate of increase of 87Sr/86Sr was high from the latest Oligocene (~25 Ma) to earliest middle Miocene (~15 Ma), with an estimated rate of 0.000059/m.y. Our ability to reproduce Sr isotope measurements is +/-0.000030 or better, yielding a stratigraphic resolution of as good as +/-0.5 m.y. for this interval. The rate of change was much lower from about 15 to 8 Ma (on average, 0.000013/m.y.), yielding Sr isotope stratigraphic resolution of worse than +/-2.3 m.y. The causes of the late Eocene to Miocene 87Sr/86Sr increases are not known. We speculate that a moderate 87Sr/86Sr increase (0.000030/m.y) which occurred during the late Eocene-latest Oligocene can be explained by intermittent glaciations and deglaciations of the Antarctic continent. These pulse-like changes in the input of glacial weathering products yield what appears to be a monotonic, linear increase. The increase in the frequency of glaciations during the latest Oligocene-early Miocene can explain the higher rate of change of 87Sr/86Sr at this time. We speculate that by the middle Miocene, the development of a permanent east Antarctica ice sheet resulted in decreased input of glacial weathering products and a lower rate of 87Sr/86Sr change.
    Keywords: 94-608; Deep Sea Drilling Project; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; DSDP; Glomar Challenger; Leg94; North Atlantic/FLANK
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 3 datasets
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  • 7
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    Deuterium analysis of ice core GISP2 (1993)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Barlow, L K; White, James W C; Barry, Roger G; Rogers, John; Grootes, Pieter Meiert (1993): The North Atlantic Oscillation signature in deuterium and deuterium excess signals in the Greenland Ice Sheet Project 2 ice core, 1840-1970. Geophysical Research Letters, 20(24), 2901-2904, https://doi.org/10.1029/93GL03305
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-08
    Description: The Greenland Ice Sheet Project 2 (GISP2) core can enhance our understanding of the relationship between parameters measured in the ice in central Greenland and variability in the ocean, atmosphere, and cryosphere of the North Atlantic Ocean and adjacent land masses. Seasonal (summer, winter) to annual responses of dD and deuterium excess isotopic signals in the GISP2 core to the seesaw in winter temperatures between West Greenland and northern Europe from A.D. 1840 to 1970 are investigated. This seesaw represents extreme modes of the North Atlantic Oscillation, which also influences sea surface temperatures (SSTs), atmospheric pressures, geostrophic wind strength, and sea ice extents beyond the winter season. Temperature excursions inferred from the dD record during seesaw/extreme NAO mode years move in the same direction as the West Greenland side of the seesaw. Symmetry with the West Greenland side of the seesaw suggests a possible mechanism for damping in the ice core record of the lowest decadal temperatures experienced in Europe from A.D. 1500 to 1700. Seasonal and annual deuterium excess excursions during seesaw years show negative correlation with dD. This suggests an isotopic response to a SST/ land temperature seesaw. The isotopic record from GISP2 may therefore give information on both ice sheet and sea surface temperature variability. Cross-plots of dD and d show a tendency for data to be grouped according to the prevailing mode of the seesaw, but do not provide unambiguous identification of individual seesaw years. A combination of ice core and tree ring data sets may allow more confident identification of GA and GB (extreme NAO mode) years prior to 1840.
    Keywords: DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; GISP; GISP2; GISP2-B; Greenland Ice Core Projects; GRIP/GISP/NGRIP; Sampling/drilling ice
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 2 datasets
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  • 8
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    Diatom abundance and stratigraphy of ODP Hole 162-983A (1999)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Koç, Nalân; Hodell, David A; Kleiven, Helga F; Labeyrie, Laurent D (1999): High-resolution Pleistocene diatom biostratigraphy of Site 983 and correlations with isotope stratigraphy. In: Raymo, ME; Jansen, E; Blum, P; Herbert, TD (eds.) Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results, College Station, TX (Ocean Drilling Program), 162, 1-12, https://doi.org/10.2973/odp.proc.sr.162.035.1999
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-08
    Description: High accumulation rates and the presence of well-preserved, abundant diatoms in Site 983 sediments from the Gardar Drift gave us the opportunity to refine the Pleistocene diatom biostratigraphic resolution of the high-latitude North Atlantic. Eight Pleistocene diatom datum events are identified and, for the first time, tied directly to the oxygen isotope record and paleomagnetic stratigraphy of Site 983. These datum events are (1) the last occurrence (LO) of Proboscia curvirostris at 0.3 Ma, (2) the LO of Thalassiosira jouseae at 0.3 Ma, (3) the LO of Nitzschia reinholdii at 0.6 Ma, (4) the LO of Nitzschia fossilis at 0.68 Ma, (5) the LO of Nitzschia seminae at 0.84 Ma, (6) the first occurrence (FO) of N. seminae at 1.25 Ma, (7) the FO of Proboscia curvirostris at 1.53 Ma, and (8) the FO of Pseudoeunotia doliolus at 1.89 Ma. Most of these datums are found to be synchronous between the middle and high latitudes of the North Atlantic and the North Pacific. On the basis of these datums, four high-latitude North Atlantic diatom zones are proposed for the Pleistocene. The record of diatom abundance and preservation at Site 983 gives evidence for the influence of fluctuating Pleistocene climatic conditions on diatom productivity in the high-latitude North Atlantic.
    Keywords: 162-983A; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; Joides Resolution; Leg162; Ocean Drilling Program; ODP; South Atlantic Ocean
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    Format: application/zip, 2 datasets
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  • 9
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    Stable oxygen isotope record of Neogloboquadrina pachyderma of ODP Sites 177-1091 and 177-1094 (2003)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Kleiven, Helga F; Jansen, Eystein (2003): Data report: Early-mid-pleistocene oxygen isotope stratigraphy from the atlantic sector of the Southern Ocean: ODP Leg 177 Sites 1094 and 1091. In: Gersonde, R; Hodell, DA; Blum, P (eds.) Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results, College Station, TX (Ocean Drilling Program), 177, 1-20, https://doi.org/10.2973/odp.proc.sr.177.114.2003
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-08
    Description: Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) cores permit us to extend the study of millennial-scale climate variability beyond the time period that is generally accessible for piston cores (i.e., the last glacial cycle). ODP Leg 177 provided for the first time continuous high sedimentation rate cores along a north-south transect from 41°to 53°S across the main subdivisions of the Southern Ocean (Shipboard Scientific Party, 1999, doi:10.2973/odp.proc.ir.177.101.1999). The main purpose of this drilling was to investigate the Pleistocene and Holocene paleoceanographic history of this region, documented in the sedimentary records. ODP Sites 1094, 1093, 1091, and 1089 accumulated throughout the Pleistocene at rates 〉10 cm/k.y. and are the most detailed Pleistocene climatic records ever retrieved from the Southern Ocean. These sections provide a unique opportunity to fill an important gap in the knowledge of the paleoclimatic evolution of the high southern latitude regions. The composite sections at each site were generated shipboard using magnetic susceptibility, gamma ray attenuation (GRA) density, and reflectance data to correlate the drill holes and splice together an optimal (complete and undisturbed) record of the sedimentary sequence at each site. A preliminary magnetic polarity stratigraphy was generated on the 'archive' halves of the core sections from each hole, using the shipboard pass-through magnetometer after demagnetization at a single peak alternating field (Shipboard Scientific Party, 1999). During July 1998, we sampled core sections spanning the mid-Pleistocene interval (0.65-1.2 Ma) from Sites 1094, 1093, and 1091 at the ODP Bremen Core Repository and have since then analyzed the stable isotopic ratios of foraminifers in samples from Sites 1094 and 1091. Our goals for these studies are to establish detailed chronology for the mid-Pleistocene Southern Ocean records from Leg 177 using high-resolution stable isotope analyses, and furthermore, to trace the evolution of millennial-scale variability in proxy records from older glacial and interglacial periods characterized by higher-frequency variation. Here, we report on our stratigraphic results to date and describe the laboratory methods employed for sample preparation and stable isotope analysis. Furthermore, we provide tab-delimited text files of the age models.
    Keywords: 177-1091; 177-1094; COMPCORE; Composite Core; Joides Resolution; Leg177; Ocean Drilling Program; ODP; South Atlantic Ocean
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    Format: application/zip, 3 datasets
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  • 10
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    Radiocarbon ages, grain sizes, paleomagentic properties and XRF data of Lake Nam Co sediments, Tibetan Plateau (2012)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Kasper, Thomas; Haberzettl, Torsten; Doberschütz, Stefan; Daut, Gerhard; Wang, Junbo; Zhu, Liping; Nowaczyk, Norbert R; Mäusbacher, Roland (2012): Indian Ocean Summer Monsoon (IOSM)-dynamics within the past 4 ka recorded in the sediments of Lake Nam Co, central Tibetan Plateau (China). Quaternary Science Reviews, 39, 73-85, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2012.02.011
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-08
    Description: In September 2008 several cores (68 cm-115 cm length) (water depth: 93 m) were retrieved from Lake Nam Co (southern-central Tibetan Plateau; 4718 m a.s.l.). This study focuses on the interpretation of high-resolution (partly 0.2 cm) data from three gravity cores and the upper part of a 10.4 m long piston core, i.e., the past 4000 cal BP in terms of lake level changes, hydrological variations in the catchment area and consequently variations in monsoon strength. A wide spectrum of sedimentological, geochemical and mineralogical investigations was carried out. Results are presented for XRF core-scans, grain size distribution, XRD-measurements and SEM-image analyses. These data are complemented by an age-depth model using 210Pb and 137Cs analyses as well as eleven AMS-14C-ages. This model is supported by excellent agreement between secular variations determined on one of the gravity cores to geomagnetic field models. This is a significant improvement of the chronology as most catchments of lacustrine systems on the Tibetan Plateau contain carbonates resulting in an unknown reservoir effect for radiocarbon dates. The good correlation of our record to the geomagnetic field models confirms our age-depth model and indicates only insignificant changes in the reservoir effect throughout the last 4 ka. High (summer-) monsoonal activity, i.e. moist environmental conditions, was detected in our record between approximately 4000 and 1950 cal BP as well as between 1480 and 1200 cal BP. Accordingly, lower monsoon activity prevails in periods between the two intervals and thereafter. This pattern shows a good correlation to the variability of the Indian Ocean Summer Monsoon (IOSM) as recorded in a peat bog ~1000 km in NE direction from Lake Nam Co. This is the first time that such a supra regional homogenous monsoon activity is shown on the Tibetan Plateau and beyond. Finally our data show a significant lake level rise after the Little Ice Age (LIA) in Lake Nam Co which is suggested to be linked to glacier melting in consequence of rising temperatures occurring on the whole Tibetan Plateau during this time.
    Keywords: GC; Gravity corer; Lake Nam Co, Tibetan Plateau; NC_08/01; NC_08/01_P3; NC_08/01_P4; NC_08/01_P5; PC; Pilot 3; Pilot 4; Pilot 5; Piston corer
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 4 datasets
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