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  • LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION  (3.679)
  • ASTROPHYSICS  (2.155)
  • ddc:330
  • 1975-1979  (5.834)
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  • 1
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    Some unique meteorites found in Antarctica and their relation to asteroids (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2011-08-24
    Beschreibung: Two unique meteorites were identified by means of a mineralogical examination of the smaller-sized Yamato achondrites. Yamato-74130 is the most iron-rich ureilite with Na, Cr-rich augite instead of pigeonite. Yamato-74160 was extensively recrystallized, but the composition and proportion of olivine, orthopyroxene, augite, and plagioclase is consistent with LL7 chondrites. ALHA77005 is a unique achondrite with olivine, possibly three pyroxene assemblages, and maskelynite. These meteorites provide evidence that there may be other 'thermalized' asteroids than the howardite parent body. Detailed petrologic descriptions of the unique achondrites, recrystallized diogenite Yamato-74013, and the rapidly cooled eucrite Yamato-74450 with pyroxene phenocrysts are given. It is inferred from the bulk chemistry and the mineralogical reexamination of Yamato-75028 that it is composed of the H5-type clasts and chondrule-rich H(L)3-like matrix with the H5 fragments. A close relationship in the collisional evolution of some asteroids with these materials is inferred.
    Schlagwort(e): LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Materialart: National Institute of Polar Research, Memoirs (ISSN 0386-0744); 15, 1; 54-76
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  • 2
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    The maturation of lunar dust grains (1975)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-02-24
    Schlagwort(e): LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Materialart: Res. in the Space Sci., Vol. 2, No. 1; 3 p
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  • 3
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    Gamma rays, cosmic rays, and galactic structure (1977)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2006-08-09
    Beschreibung: Observations of cosmic and gamma radiation by SAS-2 satellite are summarized and analyzed to determine processes responsible for producing observed galactic radiation. In addition to the production of gamma rays in discrete galactic objects such as pulsars, there are three main mechanisms by which high-energy (greater than 100 MeV) radiation is produced by high-energy interactions involving cosmic rays in interstellar space. These processes, which produce what may be called diffuse galactic gamma-rays, are: (1) the decay of pi mesons produced by interactions of cosmic ray nucleons with interstellar gas nuclei; (2) the bremsstrahlung radiation produced by cosmic ray electrons interacting in the Coulomb fields of nuclei of interstellar gas atoms; and (3) Compton interactions between cosmic ray electrons and low-energy photons in interstellar space.
    Schlagwort(e): ASTROPHYSICS
    Materialart: The Struct. and Content of the Galaxy and Galactic Gamma Rays; p 315-346
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  • 4
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    Gamma rays and large scale galactic structure (1977)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2006-08-09
    Beschreibung: Gamma ray astronomy is now beginning to provide a new look at the galactic structure and the distribution of cosmic rays, both electrons and nucleons, within the galaxy. The observations are consistent with a galactic spiral-arm model in which the cosmic rays are linearly coupled to the interstellar gas on the scale of the spiral arms. The agreement between the predictions of the model and the observations for regions of the plane where both 21-cm and 2.6-mm CO surveys exist emphasizes the need to extend these observations to include the entire plane. Future gamma-ray observations with more sensitivity and better angular resolutions, combined with these radio surveys, should shed new light on the distribution of cosmic rays, the nature of the galaxy, and the location and intensity of the spiral arms.
    Schlagwort(e): ASTROPHYSICS
    Materialart: The Struct. and Content of the Galaxy and Galactic Gamma Rays; p 301-314
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  • 5
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    Galactic distribution of pulsars (1977)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2006-08-09
    Beschreibung: The density distributions of pulsars in luminosity, period, Z-distance, and galactocentric distance were derived, using a uniform sample of pulsars detected during a 408-MHz pulsar survey at Jodrell Bank. There are indications of a fine-scale structure in the spatial distributions and evidence that there is a general correlation with other galactic populations and the overall spiral structure. The electron layer in our galaxy is shown to be wider than the pulsar layer and uniform on a large scale. The number of pulsars in the galaxy has been estimated and used to derive the pulsar birthrate.
    Schlagwort(e): ASTROPHYSICS
    Materialart: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center The Struct. and Content of the Galaxy and Galactic Gamma Rays; p 265-282
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  • 6
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    Gamma rays and supernova explosions (1977)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2006-08-09
    Beschreibung: Thermal radiation associated with the explosion of supernovae is investigated. High temperature is required to produce copious gamma radiation of this sort. It appears that type 11 supernovae do not release much of their energy as gamma ray continuum radiation.
    Schlagwort(e): ASTROPHYSICS
    Materialart: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center The Struct. and Content of the Galaxy and Galactic Gamma Rays; p 257-264
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  • 7
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    Remarks on the overall distribution of hydrogen in the galactic disk (1977)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2006-08-09
    Beschreibung: The degree of saturation characterizing low altitude emission observations of H(I) and the optical depth corrections to the derived column and volume densities are discussed. The amount of fine-scale velocity and spatial structure diluted by the instrumental limitations of the presently available surveys are described. The general problem of detailed mapping of H(I) in the galaxy is explored. Comparison is made between the distribution of H(I) and that of CO and several other galactic tracers. Atomic hydrogen is unique in its distribution, instead of being typical of many Population I constituents. As defined by atomic hydrogen, the galactic disk has a diameter fully twice as large as that defined by the ionized and molecular states of hydrogen, as well as by other molecules, supernova remnants, pulsars, gamma-radiation, synchroton radiation, and the youngest stars. It is also less confined to the galactic equator than most of the other constituents. The degree of small scale structure apparent in the molecular observations is much greater than that in the H(I) observations.
    Schlagwort(e): ASTROPHYSICS
    Materialart: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center The Struct. and Content of the Galaxy and Galactic Gamma Rays; p 163-188
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  • 8
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    Gamma ray pulsars (1977)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2006-08-09
    Beschreibung: Data from the SAS-2 high-energy gamma-ray experiment reveal the existence of four pulsars emitting photons above 35 MeV. An attempt is made to explain the gamma-ray emission from these pulsars in terms of an electron-photon cascade that develops in the magnetosphere of the pulsar. Although there is very little material above the surface of the pulsar, the very intense magnetic fields (10 to the 12th power gauss) correspond to many radiation lengths which cause electrons to emit photons by magnetic bremsstrahlung and which cause these photons to pair-produce. The cascade develops until the mean photon energy drops below the pair-production threshold which is in the gamma-ray range; at this stage, the photons break out from the source.
    Schlagwort(e): ASTROPHYSICS
    Materialart: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center The Struct. and Content of the Galaxy and Galactic Gamma Rays; p 109-118
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  • 9
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    Radiation mechanisms and magnetospheric structure of pulsars (1977)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2006-08-09
    Beschreibung: Considerations made in developing a model of pulsars are explored. Observational data seems to support the argument that pulsar magnetospheres may contain large masses of plasma. The cascade process resulting from pair creation enables one to interpret the X-ray emission from the Crab and Vela pulsars as synchrotron radiation. On the other hand, the optical radiation from the Crab pulsar is best understood as coherent curvature radiation. Radio emission is interpreted as curvature radiation produced by charge bunches moving along magnetic-field lines. Certain tests of this model are proposed.
    Schlagwort(e): ASTROPHYSICS
    Materialart: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center The Struct. and Content of the Galaxy and Galactic Gamma Rays; p 99-108
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  • 10
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    Meteoroid protection for the Comet Halley probe (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2006-06-26
    Beschreibung: The high closing speed of 57km/s between the spacecraft and Halley poses special problems in the design of the required meteoroid protection. A double wall structure with a total thickness equal to 0.1 to 1 times the diameter of the largest meteoroid encountered is sufficient to stop that meteoroid. However, the unusually high number of meteoroid impacts on the Halley probe will cause significant erosion of the outer wall so that failure of the second wall is more likely to occur from a small meteoroid passing through a previously created hole in the outer wall and then penetrating the second wall. Calculations of the shielding required based on this failure mode, show that a double wall structure must actually have a total thickness 1.2 to 7.3 times the diameter of the largest meteoroid encountered, depending on the size distribution of the meteoroids.
    Schlagwort(e): LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Materialart: ESA Comet Halley Micrometeoroid Hazard Workshop; p 73-76
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