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  • GEOPHYSICS  (3,123)
  • 1980-1984  (3,123)
  • 1
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    Studies on the behavior of ammonia and ammonium salts in the atmosphere (1) - Fractional collection of ammonia gas and particulate ammonium (1981)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-28
    Description: Methods for the fractional collection of trace amounts of atmospheric ammonia gas and ammonium particles on a two staged glass fiber filter are summarized. A standard glass fiber filter washed with distilled water and dried at 120 to 130 C was used. A second filter was impregnated with a mixture of 3% boric acid and 25% glycerin solution. The blank of glass fiber filters impregnated with a mixture of the above solution was very low for ammonia, i.e. 0.06 micrograms in a filter of 47 mm in diameter. The mean concentrations of ammonia and ammonium in air at Kawasaki, a polluted area, were 7.6 and 2.3 micrograms cu m, and those at Sanriku, an unpolluted area 0.9 and 0.2 micrograms cu m, respectively. Ratios of concentration levels of ammonium to total ammonia in the atmosphere were 0.3 and 0.2 for the polluted and unpolluted areas, respectively. Ammonium salts in air at both areas were not correlated with relative humidity. Variations in time of ammonia concentrations and sources in surrounding areas are also considered.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: NASA-TM-76582
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 2
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    Method of determination of the mass composition of ring current ions (1980)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-28
    Description: A method for individual registration of protons, and helium and oxygen ions, with energies E for a charge on the order of 100 kev/q in the ring currents of the Earth's magnetosphere was examined. The method is based on the various specific losses in energy by these ions in matter. The ion current, selected according to E/q, is passed through a solid target, after which identification of the masses is carried out, based on the energy losses in the possibly to reliably divide the flows of protons, and helium and oxygen ions.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: NASA-TM-76246
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 3
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    Meridional heat transport at the onset of winter stratospheric warming (1981)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-28
    Description: A continuous vertical flow of energy toward high altitude was verified. This process produced a dynamic instability of the stratospheric polar vortex. A meridional heat transport ws primed toward the north, which generated a warming trend.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: NASA-TM-76614
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 4
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    Mathematical developments regarding the general theory of the Earth magnetism (1983)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-28
    Description: A literature survey on the Earth's magnetic field, citing the works of Gauss, Erman-Petersen, Quintus Icilius and Neumayer is presented. The general formulas for the representation of the potential and components of the Earth's magnetic force are presented. An analytical representation of magnetic condition of the Earth based on observations is also made.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: NASA-TM-77103 , NAS 1.15:77103
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 5
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    Physics of the atmosphere: Response of the water vapor channel of the Meteosat satellite (1980)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-28
    Description: An accurate model of the atmospheric transmission function is used to obtain the relationship between the cloudless radiances measured by the 6-7 microns Meteosat radiometer (water vapor channel) and the numerical parameters associated to each point of an image. This relationship is compared to the temporary calibration curve published by the European Space Agency.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: NASA-TM-75836
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 6
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    The NASA Geodynamics Program report, 1981 (1982)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-28
    Description: The activities of the NASA Geodynamics Program in 1981 both in achieving improved measurement precision and in establishing the foundation for the acquisition and analysis of scientific data are discussed.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: NASA-TM-85126 , EL-4 , NAS 1.15:85126
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  • 7
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    The Magsat mission (1982)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-28
    Description: The cesium-vapor scalar and fluxgate vector magnetometers aboard the Magsat spacecraft, which has a twilight, sun-synchronous orbit with a 96.76-deg inclination, have together measured the earth's magnetic field magnitude to accuracies better than 2 nT, and the magnitude of each field component to better than 6 nT. The magnetometers are located at the end of a boom to isolate them from the effects of spacecraft fields, and an optical system was used to measure the attitude of the vector magnetometer and sun sensor at the boom relative to the two star cameras of the main spacecraft structure. The data gathered is available from the National Space Science Data Center in several formats and is currently undergoing analysis. Scalar and vector error budget values are given for the spacecraft's five error sources, which include the instrument, position and time errors, digitization noise, attitude errors, and spacecraft fields.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Geophysical Research Letters; 9; Apr. 198
    Format: text
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  • 8
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    Mini-review on topside sounding (1980)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-28
    Description: The paper outlines the techniques used to obtain topside ionograms and reduce them to electron profiles, indicating the most important differences between ground-based and satellite-based ionograms. The theory of the total reflection sounding technique at vertical incidence is outlined and the features of the satellite instrumentation are discussed. Finally, topside sounder data are analyzed with reference to the problems encountered in the conversion of the sounder data to N(h) profiles.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation; AP-28; Mar. 198
    Format: text
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  • 9
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    Atmospheric and ionospheric effects of precipitated energetic O(+) ions (1983)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-28
    Description: Results of earlier studies on the atmospheric and ionospheric effects of the precipitation of energetic (up to 0.4 ergs/sq cm per sec per sr) O(+) fluxes are summarized. It is concluded that the main effect is the transfer of the bulk of the incoming energy flux to the neutral atmosphere at F region altitudes in the form of heat, which in turn has a significant effect on global thermospheric winds and temperatures. The precipitation events produce a large backsplash of energetic neutral oxygen atoms. The flux of O2 capable of escaping from the earth is estimated to be comparable to that of hydrogen, and the portion of these O2 atoms that could be ionized is estimated to be ten times that of the incoming O(+) ions, raising the possibility that the events may be self-sustaining.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Format: text
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  • 10
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    Present state of knowledge of the upper atmosphere: An assessment report (1984)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-28
    Description: A program of research, technology, and monitoring of the phenomena of the upper atmosphere, to provide for an understanding of and to maintain the chemical and physical integrity of the Earth's upper atmosphere was developed. NASA implemented a long-range upper atmospheric science program aimed at developing an organized, solid body of knowledge of upper atmospheric processes while providing, in the near term, assessments of potential effects of human activities on the atmosphere. The effects of chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) releases on stratospheric ozone were reported. Issues relating the current understanding of ozone predictions and trends and highlights recent and future anticipated developments that will improve our understanding of the system are summarized.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: NASA-TM-87559 , NAS 1.15:87559
    Format: application/pdf
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