ALBERT

Description: The only hitherto known comprehensive studies on the Netherlands Indian Charophyta appeared in 1897 and 1899 in the \xe2\x80\x9dProdrome de la Flore Algologique des Indes Neerlandaises\xe2\x80\x9c, and were compiled by E. DE WILDEMAN. These papers intend to give a mere enumeration of all Charophyta published up to 1896, and therefore mainly contain the species recorded by the famous Charaphytologists ALEX. BRAUN and OTTO NORDSTEDT in 1849, 1882, 1888 and 1889.\nIn the twentieth century only three papers were published on the Charophyta of this area, viz. that by DE WILDEMAN (1900), that by GUTWINSKY (1902), and that by FILARSZKY (1934). The first-named author worked up the specimens occurring in Java, the second one adds two species to this list, whereas the latter studied materials collected in 1928 and 1929 by the German Limnological Sunda Expedition.

Description: La tourbi\xc3\xa8re au Sud de Veenendaal, dans la Vall\xc3\xa9e Gueldroise, ayant environ la forme d\xe2\x80\x99une halt\xc3\xa8re, a son origine dans une nappe d\xe2\x80\x99eau eutrophe, d\xc3\xa9ja pr\xc3\xa9sente lors de la premi\xc3\xa8re phase du tardiglaciaire. Dans les commencements s\xe2\x80\x99y forma un s\xc3\xa9diment (sable humeux), qui se composait, outre de restes v\xc3\xa9g\xc3\xa9taux, de sable apport\xc3\xa9 par le vent. Il est impossible qu\xe2\x80\x99un bras du Rhin ait coul\xc3\xa9 l\xc3\xa0 en ces temps. La tourbe se compose de mati\xc3\xa8res successivement eutrophes et m\xc3\xa9sotrophes. Une grande partie du profil (depuis le d\xc3\xa9but de l\xe2\x80\x99Atlanticum), est compos\xc3\xa9e de tourbe de marais bois\xc3\xa9 (Broekveen). Dans les sondages les plus m\xc3\xa9ridionaux on trouve de l\xe2\x80\x99argile dans les couches sup\xc3\xa9rieures (provenant probablement d\xe2\x80\x99inondations venant du c\xc3\xb4t\xc3\xa9 du Rhin). A mesure qu\xe2\x80\x99on s\xe2\x80\x99approche du Sud, l\xe2\x80\x99argile occupe une place de plus en plus importante dans le profil. Il n\xe2\x80\x99est trace de mati\xc3\xa8res oligotrophes (tourbe de Sphagnum), ni m\xc3\xaame dans le sondage VK (Veenkampen), o\xc3\xb9 cependant la carte g\xc3\xa9ologique mentionne une couche d\xe2\x80\x99argile recouvrant la haute tourbi\xc3\xa8re. La tourbe oligotrophe a sans doute \xc3\xa9t\xc3\xa9 compl\xc3\xa8tement enlev\xc3\xa9e par une extraction commenc\xc3\xa9e d\xc3\xa8s le moyen-\xc3\xa2ge. Il apert que l\xe2\x80\x99histoire des for\xc3\xaats que l\xe2\x80\x99on peut constater dans la tourbe, depuis la premi\xc3\xa8re phase du tardiglaciaire jusqu\xe2\x80\x99\xc3\xa0 la fin de l\xe2\x80\x99Atlanticum (premi\xc3\xa8re apparition de Fagus), est conforme aux r\xc3\xa9sultats acquis pour des tourbi\xc3\xa8res environnantes de cette m\xc3\xaame \xc3\xa9poque, par d\xe2\x80\x99autres investigateurs. Seulement un maximum prononc\xc3\xa9 de Corylus manque dans notre tourbi\xc3\xa8re. Les couches sup\xc3\xa9rieures de la tourbi\xc3\xa8re ne pr\xc3\xa9sentent pas de spectres polliniques r\xc3\xa9cents, mais les spectres qu\xe2\x80\x99on y trouve ferment un ensemble harmonieux avec ceux des couches plus profondes. Nous avons constat\xc3\xa9 que la couche de mousse vivante, dans le Bennekommer Meent offre un spectre pollinique qui repr\xc3\xa9sente assez bien la v\xc3\xa9g\xc3\xa9tation foresti\xc3\xa8re actuelle. Nous avons d\xc3\xa9crit un sondage dans une petite tourbi\xc3\xa8re isol\xc3\xa9e a l\xe2\x80\x99Est du Emmikhuizerberg, qui offre enti\xc3\xa8rement un caract\xc3\xa8re tardiglaciaire. Au cas o\xc3\xb9 l\xe2\x80\x99examen de GL et de AH III et \xc3\xa9ventuellement d\xe2\x80\x99autres sondages (encore en projet), nous ouvriraient de nouveaux horizons, nous donnerons en temps et lieu des informations a ce sujet.\nNous avons accompli cette \xc3\xa9tude au Mus\xc3\xa9e et Herbier Botanique d\xe2\x80\x99Utrecht (Directeur M. le Professeur A. A. PULLE). Je tiens a remercier ici M. F. FLORSCH\xc3\x9cTZ pour ses pr\xc3\xa9cieux conseils et pour la mani\xc3\xa8re enthousiaste avec laquelle il a bien voulu guider ce travail. En m\xc3\xaame temps je veux exprimer ma gratitude affectueuse envers Mlle A. M. J. VAN BERESTEYN pour la traduction dont elle s\xe2\x80\x99est charg\xc3\xa9e.

Description: All botanists acquainted with the family Rubiaceae will agree that the present subdivision is far from satisfactory and that more than one of its tribes are either artificial or ill-defined or both. The genera dealt with in this paper are said to belong to the Mussaendeae, but the distinction between this tribe and the Hedyotideae as defined by BENTHAM and Hooker f. (Oldenlandieae K. SCh.) rests merely on the succulence or non-succulence of the fruit and must therefore be regarded as both artificial and ill-defined: artificial, because from a morphological point of view the difference between dry and fleshy fruits is certainly not more important than that between the capsular and schizococcous fruits brought together in the first group and not more weighty than that between the various kinds of berries and drupes referred to the second; ill-defined, because the baccate fruits are sometimes dehiscent and the schizococcous ones more or less fleshy.\nThe absence of a sharp line of demarcation separating the dry from the fleshy fruits doubtless explains the fact that the distinction has never been rigorously applied: Mussaenda L., the standard genus of the tribe with fleshy fruits, at present comprises several species provided with capsules, and plants with drupaceous fruits, by BLUME rightly referred to a genus of their own, Metabolos, have been included by BENTHAM and Hooker f. in Hedyotis L. and by K. SCHUMANN in Oldenlandia L. RIDLEY\xe2\x80\x99S genus Pomazota was referred to the Hedyotideae, because the fruit, though soft and succulent, opens at last, but it is, as I will show elsewhere, identical with Coptophyllum KORTH. non GARDN., which on account of its baccate fruit was put in the Mussaendeae. Other examples might be adduced, but these will suffice to show that the distinction is a source of confusion and should be given up as soon as possible.

Description: Though an excellent, critical monograph of the genus Cassipourea was published some years ago by ALSTON (in Kew Bulletin, 1925, p. 241\xe2\x80\x94276), I should like to make a few remarks on the South-American species of this genus as my revision for PULLE\xe2\x80\x99s Flora of Suriname III.2 has brought to light a few new facts. It will also give me an opportunity to refer to a publication of BRIQUET on some American representatives of this genus (in Candollea IV, 1931, p. 342\xe2\x80\x94350), which disagrees with regard to a number of species with ALSTON\xe2\x80\x99s interpretations.\nThe species which covers the largest area is the chiefly West-Indian C. elliptica (Sw.) Poir. Formerly also a number of West- Brazilian and Peruvian specimens were referred to it, but ALSTON pointed out that these plants belonged to another species for which he introduced the name C. peruviana. A new West-Indian species, based on Broadway nr. 3841 and 4631, both from Tobago, was described by BRIQUET under the name C. Broadwayi. This species is, in my opinion, conspecific with C. elliptica. BRIQUET amply discussed the differences with C. latifolia Alston from Trinidad, but does not mention its relationship to C. elliptica. , though, in view of the latter\xe2\x80\x99s area of distribution, this would have been more to the point. That ALSTON had already referred Broadway nr. 3841 to C. elliptica was apparently overlooked by BRIQUET. In opposition to BRIQUET I agree with ALSTON that no value should be set on the varieties of C. elliptica described by GRISEBACH (Fl. Br. W. Ind. Isl., I860, p. 274).

Description: Het Hurener Veld is gelegen in de provincie Overijssel, ten Noorden van de spoorlijn Almelo-Zwolle; tussen Wierden en Nijverdal (zie kaart, fig. 1). Het maakt deel uit van een klein veen van ongeveer 13,5 km\xc2\xb2, dat nu practisch geheel ontgonnen is. Dit veen ligt in een dal, dat in het Oosten en Westen begrensd wordt door heuvelruggen, die ontstaan zijn door stuwing van de Riss-gletschers.\nAan de Westkant zorgt de Regge voor de afwatering van dit dal. Deze afwatering moet echter zeer onvoldoende zijn geweest, waardoor in het dal veenvorming mogelijk was. Het ontstaan van het aangrenzende moerasveen (lagg) in het Noorden kan ook het gevolg zijn geweest van deze onvoldoende afwatering; ongelukkig genoeg is dit moerasveen geheel ontgonnen, zodat een onderzoek naar het verband met het veen van het Hurener Veld onmogelijk is.

Description: The genera Mina and Lepistemon belong to the Ipomoeeae Hall, f., Stictocardia and Argyreia to the Argyreieae Hall. f.

Description: Macrosolen urceolatus DANSER, n. sp. \xe2\x80\x94 Omnis glabra. Caules (2 suppetunt) graciles, ad 55 cm longi et ultra (supra basin decerpti), internodiis teretibus, inferioribus 2.5\xe2\x80\x946 cm longis, ad 4 mm diametro, superioribus plerumque paulo brevioribus, gradatim tenuioribus, ad 1.5 mm diametro, nodis vetustioribus incrassatis nonnihil applanatis, ad sesquiplo crassioribus quam internodia, iunioribus applanatis et dilatatis. Folia opposita vel subopposita; petiolus 3\xe2\x80\x948 mm longus, basi subteres, 1.5\xe2\x80\x941.75 mm latus, versus laminam paulum dilalatus et applanatus, subtus rotundatus, supra fere planus; lamina ovato-lanceolata, 5\xe2\x80\x9412 cm longa, 1.5\xe2\x80\x944 cm lata, sub basi cuneata in petiolum contracta, apicem obtusum vel subobtusum versus leviter acuminata, margine saepe irregularis, nonnihil flavida (in herbario), utrinque opaca vel facie superiore nonnihil lucida, inferiore punctulis minimis atris numerosis, nervatura pinnata, costa facie superiore distincta usque ad apicem, plana sed saepe nonnihil prominula, facie inferiore a basi ad apicem gradatim minus prominens, saepe subcarinata, nervis lateralibus et venis utrinque visibilibus, facie inferiore distinctioribus quam superiore. Inflorescentiae racemosae pedunculatae, singulae vel binae vel ternae in axillis foliorum adultorum (nunquam in axillis foliorum rudimentariorum quae passim inveniuntur inter folia normalia); axes in scrobiculis corticis inserti, involucris nullis, basi nonnihil incrassati, caeterum subteretes, a basi circiter 1 mm crassa ad apicem c. 0.3 mm crassum sensim attenuati, 10\xe2\x80\x9425 mm longi, pedunculo 3\xe2\x80\x9410 mm longo, saepe nonnullis insertionibus et bractea singula sterilibus, parte florifera paribus florum 2 ad 5, nodis paulum dilatatis; pedicelli teretes, plerumque 2\xe2\x80\x943 mm longi, 0.25 mm crassi, basi in annulum incrassati; bracteae, ut bracteolae paulo minores, ellipticae, 0.75\xe2\x80\x941 mm longae, obtusae vel acutae, basi paulum connatae vel liberae, leviter concavae. Calyx urceolatus, supra partem inferiorem ellipsoidem circiter 1.5 mm longam 1 mm latam distincte contractus, deinde in partem superiorem infundibuliformem circiter 0.5 mm longam integerrimam ampliatus, parte libera autem brevissima. Corolla statu alabastri adulti ad 33 mm longa, supra basin rotundatam partibus 2/3 inferioribus late tubulosa vel magis inflata, ad 4 mm lata, ad apicem partis ampliatae alis 6, deinde contracta in collum 6-angulum lateribus cavis, 1.5 mm diametro, apice incrassata in clavam obovatam 6-angulam lateribus cavis costisque obtusis; denique divisa in lacinias 6 recurvas usque ad medias alas. Filamenta circiter 7 mm longa, antherae c. 2 mm longae, obtusae. Stylus corollae subaequilongus, circiter 1 mm supra basin articulatus, parte basali persistente versus basin cum disco 6-tuberculato connata supra 6-angula, deinde teres usque ad partem in collum inclusam ibique ad dimidiam crassitudinem attenuatus, in 2 mm superioribus iterum incrassatus, apice stigmate subgloboso, c. 0.8 mm diametro. Fructus ignotus.\nThis Macrosolen is perhaps conspecific with M. tenuiflorus DANSER, which is likewise from East Borneo (Kong Kemoel), but the specimen described here differs by longer corollas and stamens, non-oviformous style-base, and narrow leaves. According to the description it is ap parently also very near M. javanus, but it is distinct by different shape, colour, and consistency of the leaves, the lack of black parts on the corolla, smaller bracts, and urceolate calyx.

Description: In recent years Baehni has provided us with some elaborate studies on the Sapotaceae (1, 2) and we understand that it is his intention to continue the series of generic monographs.\nAs I pointed out in a criticism (8) concerning the first of his papers, this seemed not a very successful beginning, be it only because one usually does not start a series of generic monographs by giving a survey of the whole family with the nature of a conclusion, without risking the judgment of prematurity. As might have been expected this paper contains a number of incorrectnesses, which may largely be ascribed to an insufficient knowledge of this intricate and difficult family.

Description: In a former article 1) many new combinations and critical observations were published on various grasses all over the world. New investigations in critical genera together with the study of the existing literature made it necessary to accept various other arrangements in this important family. The old system of Bentham, once the basis for a total review, is now more and more modified and many tribes are purified and more exactly limited. The most recent system we have at the moment, is Hubbard\xe2\x80\x99s treatment of this family in the work of Hutchinson: The families of flowering plants. Vol. II. Monocotyledons. The grasses are divided there into 26 tribes. We have here the great advantage that aberrant genera, which are not easy to place into one of the formerly accepted tribes, are given as representatives of distinct new tribes. The curious tropical genus Streptochaeta f.i. constitutes the tribe of the Streptochaeteae. It is quite acceptable that tribes may consist of but one genus, especially when such a genus is a totally deviating one and cannot be inserted into one of the already existing ones. Such tribes are f.i. the Nardeae with the only northern genus Nardus, and the Mediterranean tribe of the Lygeeae with the only genus Lygeum, one of the Esparto grasses. It is therefore no wonder that Hubbard creates a new tribe, the Anomochloeae, for one of the most curious tropical grasses of the world. This tribe is represented by only one species, the Anomochloa marantoidea Brongn., with a very curious habit and no evident affinities with any other grass. The same can be said of the aberrant genus Pariana, the only member of the tribe of the Parianeae. The most valuable advance is the creation by Hubbard of the tribe of the Thysanolaeneae with as the only member our well-known tropical and subtropical East-Asiatic genus Thysanolaena.\nAlthough this new subdivision of the family of the grasses gives us a great satisfaction, it does not mean that the system is complete and certainly many changes are to be given before we will have a totally correct and acceptable classification of the grasses.

Description: Lorsque, il y a une ann\xc3\xa9e \xc3\xa0 peu pr\xc3\xa8s, ma collaboratrice Mlle Jos\xc3\xa9phine Koster vint me trouver en sugg\xc3\xa9rant l\xe2\x80\x99id\xc3\xa9e d\xe2\x80\x99\xc3\xa9diter un volume d\xc3\xa9di\xc3\xa9 au jubil\xc3\xa9 de votre quatre-vingt-dixi\xc3\xa8me anniversaire, j\xe2\x80\x99acceptai sans h\xc3\xa9sitation. Cette id\xc3\xa9e m\xe2\x80\x99\xc3\xa9tait en effet d\xe2\x80\x99autant plus sympathique que j\xe2\x80\x99avais cherch\xc3\xa9 depuis longtemps une occasion pour vous exprimer en public notre admiration tant pour votre personne que pour votre oeuvre.\nSi nous ne nous \xc3\xa9tions pas trouv\xc3\xa9s dans un temps o\xc3\xb9 les contacts internationaux sont interrompus, si pr\xc3\xa9cieux et si indispensables pour nous autres, travailleurs scientifiques, il aurait \xc3\xa9t\xc3\xa9 certainement possible d\xe2\x80\x99organiser une collaboration de plusieurs pays d\xe2\x80\x99outre mer. Car nous savons que vos nombreux amis auraient \xc3\xa9t\xc3\xa9 heureux de pouvoir contribuer \xc3\xa0 cet humble t\xc3\xa9moignage de notre amiti\xc3\xa9 et de notre v\xc3\xa9n\xc3\xa9ration. Ils sont nombreux en effet, vos amis, et parmi eux se trouvent les coryf\xc3\xa9es de votre science, l\xe2\x80\x99algologie. H\xc3\xa9las cette grande guerre, qui s\xe2\x80\x99\xc3\xa9tend sur tout notre monde et qui a temporairement rompu tant de liens, nous a forc\xc3\xa9 de limiter nos invitations \xc3\xa0 quelques repr\xc3\xa9sentants de votre science, vivant dans notre petit continent. Ils se sont d\xc3\xa9clar\xc3\xa9s heureux de pouvoir offrir des articles en votre honneur, articles que vous trouverez publi\xc3\xa9s dans ce petit volume, suppl\xc3\xa9ment de notre journal \xe2\x80\x9cBlumea\xe2\x80\x9d.