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  • Blackwell Publishing Ltd  (11,620)
  • Copernicus
  • 1960-1964  (6,997)
  • 1955-1959  (5,022)
Collection
Publisher
Years
Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    BOOK REVIEW (1961)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @photogrammetric record 3 (1961), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1477-9730
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: Book reviews in this article:THE CHESA PHOTOGRAMMETRIC EXPERIMENT (Technical Publication
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1477-9730.1961.tb00316.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY AND PROPER LAND UTILISATION (1955)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @photogrammetric record 1 (1955), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1477-9730
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1477-9730.1955.tb01034.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    THE CHATHAM-DUNKIRK ROAD AERIAL TRIANGULATION (1955)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @photogrammetric record 1 (1955), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1477-9730
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1477-9730.1955.tb01038.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    BRAINS TRUST (1964)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @photogrammetric record 4 (1964), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1477-9730
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1477-9730.1964.tb00379.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    PHOTOGRAMMETRY AND ELECTRONIC COMPUTATION TECHNIQUES IN HIGHWAY ENGINEERING (1964)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @photogrammetric record 4 (1964), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1477-9730
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: The author describes conventional methods of highway planning and explains at what points modern methods, involving photogrammetric and electronic computation techniques, can be applied with advantage. Detailed accounts are given of the photogrammetric measurement of cross-sections and of programmes for the computation of masses.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1477-9730.1964.tb00378.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    PHOTOGRAMMETRY ROUND THE WORLD (1964)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @photogrammetric record 4 (1964), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1477-9730
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1477-9730.1964.tb00386.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    PLANE TABLE PHOTOGRAMMETRY WITH A LEICA CAMERA IN THE PUNJAB HIMALAYA (1964)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @photogrammetric record 4 (1964), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1477-9730
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: A Leica camera on an indexing head was used to obtain photographic panoramas from three stations on a mountaineering expedition to Lahul in 1958. The field calibration of the camera presented some problems and various methods of calculating the focal length were investigated; a more convenient form of the Hotine method was derived. A map of the area at a scale of 1:50,000 was plotted from the photographs. The authors conclude that a good 35-mm. camera has some advantages over a plane table for exploration mapping.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1477-9730.1964.tb00365.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    THE THOMPSON-WATTS PLOTTER MODEL 2 (1964)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @photogrammetric record 4 (1964), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1477-9730
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: This paper discusses the principal changes made to the Thompson- Watts plotter Model 1 as a result of experience gained with that instrument under test and in production. Some test results with the new instrument, Model 2, are given at the end of the paper. The opportunity is also taken to describe the variable magnification system of the instrument, not changed from Model 1.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1477-9730.1964.tb00367.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    ANNUAL GENERAL MEETING, 1962 (1963)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @photogrammetric record 4 (1963), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1477-9730
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1477-9730.1963.tb00350.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    XTH INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS OF PHOTOGRAMMETRY (1963)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @photogrammetric record 4 (1963), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1477-9730
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1477-9730.1963.tb00354.x
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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    THE PRESIDENT'S ESSAY PRIZE (1962)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @photogrammetric record 4 (1962), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1477-9730
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1477-9730.1962.tb00338.x
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    PHOTOGRAMMETRY ROUND THE WORLD (1962)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @photogrammetric record 4 (1962), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1477-9730
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1477-9730.1962.tb00339.x
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    DOPPLER NAVIGATION FOR SURVEY FLYING AND CONTROL (1964)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @photogrammetric record 4 (1964), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1477-9730
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: This paper is divided into two parts: the first discusses the practical navigation techniques evolved for air survey, and the second deals with the associated techniques of ground plotting and flight-line recovery. Both parts of the paper have a geophysical bias since it is in this field that most experience has been gained, but the basic principles apply equally to photographic survey.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1477-9730.1964.tb00380.x
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A SLIDE RULE FOR THE COMPUTATION OF PRECISION TURNS IN AIR SURVEY NAVIGATION (1964)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @photogrammetric record 4 (1964), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1477-9730
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: Calculated precision turns can be valuable as an aid to visual navigation at all scales and under all conditions of air survey navigation. The turns can be performed either at a given rate of turn or at a given angle of bank, and a slide rule has been developed at the International Training Centre for Aerial Survey, Delft, on which the necessary calculations for either case can be performed quickly and easily. The accuracy of location aimed at is such that the threshold of the new run presents an angle-off of not more than 3° on the completion of the turn. Examples show that this can be achieved in normal practice.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1477-9730.1964.tb00384.x
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    NOTES (1964)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @photogrammetric record 4 (1964), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1477-9730
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1477-9730.1964.tb00388.x
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    STEREOSCOPY AND PHOTOGRAMMETRY (1964)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @photogrammetric record 4 (1964), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1477-9730
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: Recent developments in stereoscopy are reviewed, and their relevance to photogrammetry discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1477-9730.1964.tb00370.x
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gliding Championships (1964)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @photogrammetric record 4 (1964), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1477-9730
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1477-9730.1964.tb00375.x
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    BOOK REVIEWS (1964)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @photogrammetric record 4 (1964), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1477-9730
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: Book reviews in this article: ELEMENTARY PHOTOGRAMMETRY. By D. R. Crone. INTERNATIONAL YEARBOOK OF CARTOGRAPHY (Vol. III, 1963). Editor, Eduard Imhof.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1477-9730.1964.tb00374.x
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    FORESTRY AND AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHS (1963)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @photogrammetric record 4 (1963), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1477-9730
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: The author describes the responsibilities of the forester both for the production of timber and the preservation of natural resources, and shows how aerial photographs can assist in supplying the information required for organising the management of forest areas. On limited experience with infrared and colour films, the author compares them with panchromatic film for aerial photography of forest country; he considers that in most cases good definition is the most desirable quality in such photographs, although special contrast effects may be useful for particular purposes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1477-9730.1963.tb00357.x
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    INTERNATIONAL BIBLIOGRAPHY OF PHOTOGRAMMETRY (1963)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @photogrammetric record 4 (1963), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1477-9730
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1477-9730.1963.tb00361.x
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  • 21
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    SOME NOTES ON STEREOCOMPARATORS (1963)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @photogrammetric record 4 (1963), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1477-9730
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: A brief description is given of the history of the stereocomparator, followed by a comparison of the major features of five modern instruments: the Wild STK 1, Nistri TA 3 and TA 3/A, S.O.M., Zeiss PSK 1 and Hilger and Watts stereocomparators. Special attention is paid to the production model of the Hilger and Watts stereocomparator, which differs in several important respects from the prototype.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1477-9730.1963.tb00346.x
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  • 22
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    PHOTOGRAMMETRY–A WORM'S EYE VIEW (1963)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @photogrammetric record 4 (1963), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1477-9730
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: Three unrelated matters are discussed. Firstly, the recent rapid advances in the application of precision engineering, electronics and digital computers to photogrammetric surveying operations are shown to be likely to result in a change of emphasis; from the need for great skill in making each particular map, to the need for even greater skill in making machines which, once made, will make many maps, largely automatically. This in turn is likely to have far-reaching effects on the type and training of persons employed in the profession. Secondly, an example is quoted which suggests that the value of photogrammetric methods, as an aid to the work of professions other than land surveying, is not sufficiently recognised by the teaching faculties of some of our universities. Ways and means of improving the situation are considered. Thirdly, after a brief historical survey of the birth and growth of the Photogrammetric Record, arguments for and against some possible changes in editorial policy are stated and certain conclusions reached.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1477-9730.1963.tb00347.x
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  • 23
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    BOOK REVIEWS (1963)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @photogrammetric record 4 (1963), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1477-9730
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: Book reviews in this article:GEODESY. By Brigadier G. Bomford.INTERNATIONAL YEAR BOOK OF CARTOGRAPHY (Vol. II, 1962). Editor, Eduard Imhof.MODERN COMPUTING METHODS. National Physical Laboratory: Notes on Applied Science.SCIENTIFIC PHOTOGRAPHY. Editor, H. Sauvenier.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1477-9730.1963.tb00352.x
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  • 24
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    EDITORIAL (1964)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @photogrammetric record 4 (1964), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1477-9730
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1477-9730.1964.tb00377.x
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  • 25
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    THE B8-STEREOMAT (1964)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @photogrammetric record 4 (1964), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1477-9730
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: The Stereomat System has been adapted to a modified Wild B8 Aviograph Stereoplotter. A brief description is given of the new instrument and the principles employed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1477-9730.1964.tb00382.x
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  • 26
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A NOTE ON PHOTOGRAMMETRY AND SURVEYING IN CHINA AND JAPAN (1964)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @photogrammetric record 4 (1964), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1477-9730
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1477-9730.1964.tb00385.x
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  • 27
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    PHOTOGRAMMETRY ROUND THE WORLD (1962)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @photogrammetric record 4 (1962), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1477-9730
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1477-9730.1962.tb00329.x
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  • 28
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    INTERNATIONAL BIBLIOGRAPHY OF PHOTOGRAMMETRY (1962)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @photogrammetric record 4 (1962), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1477-9730
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1477-9730.1962.tb00331.x
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  • 29
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    ANALYTICAL PROCEDURES IN PHOTOGRAMMETRY (1961)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @photogrammetric record 3 (1961), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1477-9730
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: The salient features of a method of analytical triangulation operating directly on single photographs are described, and the close analogy with geodetic triangulation computation is demonstrated.Any combination of photographs, whether in stereo pairs, stereo triples, strips, sub-blocks or blocks, is handled by forming the set of observation equations for each individual photograph in turn, and then taking all these sets together and solving them simultaneously by the method of least squares.Special procedures for dealing with very large numbers of variables are discussed, and certain applications of the method are indicated.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1477-9730.1961.tb00309.x
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  • 30
    Electronic Resource
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    INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR PHOTOGRAMMETRY (1961)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @photogrammetric record 3 (1961), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1477-9730
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1477-9730.1961.tb00313.x
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  • 31
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    PHOTOGRAMMETRY ROUND THE WORLD (1961)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @photogrammetric record 3 (1961), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1477-9730
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1477-9730.1961.tb00317.x
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  • 32
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    SOME FACTORS AFFECTING THE PHYSICAL QUALITY OF THE IMAGE IN AIR PHOTOGRAPHS (1955)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @photogrammetric record 1 (1955), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1477-9730
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1477-9730.1955.tb01035.x
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  • 33
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    ERRATA (1955)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @photogrammetric record 1 (1955), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1477-9730
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1477-9730.1955.tb01042.x
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  • 34
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    CORRESPONDENCE (1955)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @photogrammetric record 1 (1955), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1477-9730
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1477-9730.1955.tb01027.x
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  • 35
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    CORRESPONDENCE (1955)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @photogrammetric record 1 (1955), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1477-9730
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1477-9730.1955.tb01028.x
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  • 36
    Electronic Resource
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    The Amino Acid Requirements of the Soil Amoeba, Hartmannella rhysodes Singh (1962)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of eukaryotic microbiology 9 (1962), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1550-7408
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: SYNOPSIS. A chemically defined culture medium has been developed for the soil amoeba Hartmannella rhysodes Singh which contains the minimum essential organic requirements for growth. The medium consists of 7 amino acids, 3 vitamins, a carbon source (e.g. glucose) and inorganic salts.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1550-7408.1962.tb02639.x
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  • 37
    Electronic Resource
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    Utilization of Glucose by Astasia longa (1962)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of eukaryotic microbiology 9 (1962), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1550-7408
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: SYNOPSIS. A mutant strain of Astasia longa utilized glucose for growth whereas the parent (J) strain did not. The optimal pH for growth of the mutant with glucose (sole carbon source) was near neutrality; the optimal glucose concentration 0.02 M. Cell-free extracts or cell homogenates produced C14O2 when incubated in the presence of C14-labeled glucose. On the other hand, after incubation with C14-labeled glucose, intact parent cells and their respiratory CO2 showed no radioactivity while the mutant-strain cells and CO2 produced were active. Dissimilation of glucose-1-C14 and glucose-6-C14 yielded the same amount of radioactivity in metabolic CO2 in cell-free extracts of both strains. Of five enzymes assayed, hexokinase, phosphoglucomutase, and lactic dehydrogenase were present whereas glucose-6-PO4 dehydrogenase and glucose dehydrogenase were absent in cell homogenates of both strains. Presumably these two strains of A. longa differ in permeability of the plasma membrane. Further tracer and enzyme studies indicated that the Embden-Meyerhof scheme is the principal pathway of glucose catabolism; the hexose mono-phosphate shunt and the direct oxidative pathway were either not operating or quantitatively insignificant.
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    Electron Microscope Studies on Eimeria perforans (Sporozoa) (1962)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of eukaryotic microbiology 9 (1962), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1550-7408
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: SYNOPSIS. By means of electron microscopy, a study has been made of the fine structure of the macrogametocytes, microgametocytes and oocysts of Eimeria perforans from the intestine of the wild rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus). The parasites lie in a vacuole within the host cell. The surface of the gametocytes is not plain, but displays irregular protrusions. A large intranuclear body can be detected within the macrogametocytes. Similar structures are also found within the cytoplasm. Within the latter there exists a large spread out reticulum, the channels and vesicles of which concentrate especially close to the nuclear membrane. Tubuli are seen in the numerous mitochondria, which often have a dumb-bell shape.In most of the gametocytes irregular, strongly osmiophilic lipid inclusions are observed, which always are surrounded by the endoplasmic reticulum. Strange folded ovoid bodies are found within the cytoplasm of the oocysts. Nothing can be told with certainty of their nature and function. Probably they represent specific storage bodies.
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  • 39
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    Survival of Tritrichomonas foetus Stored at −28 and −95°C After Freezing in the Presence of Glycerol (1962)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of eukaryotic microbiology 9 (1962), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1550-7408
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: SYNOPSIS. Tritrichomonas foetus survived much better on extended storage at -95 than at -28d̀C following slow freezing in the presence of 1.0 M glycerol. There was no significant difference between these temperatures in survival up to 8 days, but thereafter the protozoa continued to die off slowly at -28d̀, whereas their numbers remained essentially constant at -95d̀ for 128 to 256 days. The trichomonads' motility was much better after storage at -95d̀ than after storage at -28d̀, and fresh cultures could be initiated from the former much more readily.Other constituents of the suspending medium besides glycerol affect the survival of the protozoa upon freezing. Survival was much better when the protozoa were frozen in the original Diamond's trypticase-yeast extract-maltose-cysteine-ascorbic acid-serum medium in which they had been grown than when they were frozen in physiological salt solution or in fresh Diamond's medium. There was no significant difference between survival in the latter two suspending media. The speed and time of centrifugation needed to remove the trichomonads from the medium in which they had been grown had no effect on their survival upon subsequent freezing. Presumably some product or products of the trichomonads' metabolism have an additional protective action which supplements that of glycerol.When frozen in the original Diamond's medium in which they had been grown plus 1.0 M glycerol, an average of 15% of the trichomonads were alive after 128 days' storage at -28d̀ and an average of 38% were alive at -95d̀C. When frozen in physiological salt solution plus 1.0 M glycerol, these percentages were 8% and 12% respectively.
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  • 40
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    Sensitivity of Spathidium spathula to Low Doses of X-Radiation (1962)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of eukaryotic microbiology 9 (1962), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1550-7408
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: SYNOPSIS. When Spathidium spathula was exposed to X-ray doses ranging from 1–25 kr this animal was found to be more radiosensitive than any ciliate previously reported. A dose of 1 kr is sufficient to increase the time of the first generation from 5 to about 5 1/2 hours. A dose of 4 kr is enough to approximately double the generation time. Bacteria in the medium during irradiation do not protect the ciliate against injury. Animals irradiated as dry cysts are only slightly more resistant than vegetative forms, requiring 10 kr to double the generation time. One day after exposure, irradiated lines are uniformly poor in growth rate (0–2 daily divisions), but later a bimodal response is noticed, some lines remaining poor and others recovering. Within 24 hours after treatment, a number of irradiated animals show structural abnormalities and are greatly increased in size. The experiments have not determined the reason for the high sensitivity of Spathidium but have made certain alternatives unlikely.
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    Biochemical Studies on Irradiated Protozoa. I. Effect of Metabolites on the Respiration of X-Irradiated Tetrahymena pyriformis (1962)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of eukaryotic microbiology 9 (1962), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1550-7408
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: SYNOPSIS. When Tetrahymena suspended in water were given increasing doses of radiation, oxygen consumption decreased with increasing dose, reaching 60–90% at 600,000 r. Cells irradiated in 0.07 M phosphate buffer, pH 7.4, showed no significant decrease in oxygen consumption even at 600,000 r. The decrease in respiration observed on irradiation of Tetrahymena pyriformis W in water with 300,000 r of X-radiation was prevented by addition of pyruvate or acetate during or immediately after irradiation. Pyruvate stimulated the respiration of the X-irradiated cells, particularly at 10 and 60 min post-irradiation.Lactate markedly stimulated the respiration of control suspensions of Tetrahymena cells and oxidation of lactate by cells irradiated with 300,000 r was increased by 20 to 100%, depending on the concentration of lactate and the time after irradiation. Pyruvate was considerably more effective than lactate in increasing O2 uptake of X-irradiated cells, particularly at 10 min post-irradiation. Thioctic acid affected neither the respiration of control or X-irradiated Tetrahymena nor the oxidation of pyruvate.The growth lag of Tetrahymena increased proportionately with increasing radiation dose; no cells survived 600,000 r. The presence of metabolites during irradiation did not affect the lag period or subsequent growth rates. The effects observed were discussed in terms of an alteration of the permeability of Tetrahymena after irradiation.
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    Observations on the Life-cycle of a New Race of Blepharisma undulans from India (1962)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of eukaryotic microbiology 9 (1962), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1550-7408
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: SYNOPSIS. A full account of the nuclear changes during binary fission and conjugation in a local race of Blepharisma is presented in this paper. The macronucleus consists of 2 nodes connected by a strand. Number of micronuclei varies from 6 to 18. During binary fission, condensation of macronucleus is followed by elongation and thinning of the middle region which finally breaks. Daughter nuclei later attain the typical vegetative form. Notably, during binary fission some micronuclei appear to complete their mitoses by the time the macronucleus attains the condensed form, while others lag behind and exhibit practically every stage of mitosis.During conjugation, from 6 to 10 micronuclei undergo the first pregamic division, the same number through the second division, and two products of the second division take part in the third division. The rest degenerate. Division products of the nuclei in the paraoral region take part in synkaryon formation. The synkaryon undergoes either 2 or 3 divisions. In the former case, of the 4 products, 2 become the macronuclear anlagen, one the micronucleus and the fourth degenerates. In the latter case, of the 8 products, 3 to 4 become the macronuclear anlagen and the rest become micronuclei. Chromatin elimination has been observed during the division of the macronuclear anlage, followed by an extra metagamic fission of the cell.Comparison with two other races from India and an American race indicates considerable diversity in the structure and behaviour of the nuclear apparatus in different races of Blepharisma undulans.
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    The Occurrence of the Protozoan Parasite Histomonas meleagridis in the Adults and Eggs of the Cecal Worm Heterakis gallinae (1962)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of eukaryotic microbiology 9 (1962), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1550-7408
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: SYNOPSIS. Females of Heterakis gallinae were separated on the basis of their capacity to transmit the protozoan parasite Histomonas meleagridis. Sections of worms, capable of transmitting the protozoon, revealed the organism in both males and females as well as in the eggs. Infected male worms contained histomonads in the gut wall and the wall and lumen of the reproductive system. Female worms infected with H. meleagridis showed the organisms throughout the reproductive system. Histomonads, found in uterine eggs possessing shells, had a larger nucleus and reduced cytoplasm.Because of the presence of the protozoon among the sperm in the male reproductive system, it is believed the organism can be transmitted to female worms through copulation. The cycle in the worms also supports the assumption that H. meleagridis was originally a parasite of the worm.
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    The Mode of Transmission of the Acephaline Gregarine Parasites of Earthworms (1962)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of eukaryotic microbiology 9 (1962), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1550-7408
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: SYNOPSIS. Speculations regarding the mode of transmission of monocystid parasites of earthworms over a period of more than 100 years have never been tested experimentally under controlled conditions. In order to do so a stock of infectionfree Eisenia foetida (Sav.) was raised from cocoons and experimental infections were induced in this host using sporocysts of the gregarine parasites Apolocystis elongata Phillips & Mackinnon 1946, and Nematocystis elmassiani (Hesse, 1909). Experimental infections were obtained by feeding to uninfected worms sporocysts obtained directly from infected host worms. This proved that the intervention of a vector is not a necessary condition of infection. Infections could not be induced by injecting sporocysts through the body wall into the body cavity. Infections are thus probably acquired in nature by the ingestion of sporocysts. Sporocysts do not leave the body of the host by being passed from coelom to lumen of the gut, nor do they pass directly to the exterior through apertures of the body wall. There was no evidence of parasitic autotomy. It is therefore concluded that death and decay of the host is the normal method of dissemination of sporocysts. Sporocysts were not infective after drying in air for three weeks. Other sporocysts lost potency after storage in moist conditions for several months. Infections involving the organisms specified were sporadic and unpredictable; modifying factors, such as variations in host susceptibility and latency in infection, appeared to be operating.
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    Influence of Vitamin B12 on the Size and Growth of Euglena gracilis (1962)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of eukaryotic microbiology 9 (1962), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1550-7408
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: SYNOPSIS. By an automatic electronic technique—the Flying Spot Particle Resolver—the effect of a wide range of concentrations of vitamin B12 on the size and growth of the B12-dependent Euglena gracilis was studied. Rate of cell growth was directly proportional, and cell size inversely proportional, to B12 concentration. Gross B12 depletion resulted in gigantism and prolongation of generation times.
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  • 46
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    In vitro Studies of Ablastin, the Reproduction-Inhibiting Antibody to Trypanosoma lewisi (1962)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of eukaryotic microbiology 9 (1962), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1550-7408
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: SYNOPSIS. Previously, the reproduction-inhibiting effects of ablastin could only be shown in vivo. The present report describes techniques for the in vitro demonstration and titration of this antibody. With a medium composed of Hanks' balanced salt solution, rat serum, lactalbumin hydrolysate, yeast extract and rat blood lysate, blood stream forms of Trypanosoma lewisi can be grown for approximately 24 hours at 37d̀C. Starting with the medium containing normal rat serum and inoculated with adult (inhibited) trypanosomes from infected rat blood, 50% or more of the parasites are in various stages of division after incubation overnight. Under similar conditions with ablastic rat serum, the parasites do not reproduce but remain as adults. If the medium is inoculated with reproducing trypanosomes from the blood, parasites in the presence of normal serum continue to reproduce, whereas those exposed to ablastin are almost completely converted to adult, non-reproducing forms. Similar results are obtained when the immune sera used are first adsorbed with living parasites to remove all trypanocidal antibodies. Ablastic serum inactivated at 56d̀C for 20 minutes does not lose its inhibitory activity indicating that ablastin is not complement dependent, and parasites grown on media at room temperature are not affected by the antibody suggesting that basic antigenic differences exist between blood stream forms at 37d̀C and culture forms at room temperature. Studies of the conversion of blood stream forms to culture forms indicate that the critical temperature range for the conversion lies between 28d̀ and 30d̀C. The significance of these results is discussed, and possible applications of the techniques described to studies of the mechanism of ablastic action are considered.
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    Alkaline Earth Elements and the Avoidance Reaction in Paramecium multimicronucleatum (1962)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of eukaryotic microbiology 9 (1962), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1550-7408
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: SYNOPSIS. Normal swimming behavior of Paramecium multimicronucleatum in an essential mineral element solution with 0.0002 M calcium changed into continuous avoidance reactions upon replacement by equimolar strontium; equimolar barium produced a less pronounced similar effect. In equivalent pure SrCl2 and BaCl2 solutions, avoidance reactions were less frequent than in the balanced solutions. P. multimicronucleatum inoculated into autoclaved calcium- or strontium-containing cultures of the alga Protosiphon botryoides (ultimate food source) multiplied greatly and essentially equally, but died in barium. Accelerated avoidance reaction rates were observed in strontium up to and at 32 days after inoculation.
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    The Behavior of Plasmodium berghei Strains Isolated From Relapsed Infections of White Mice (1962)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of eukaryotic microbiology 9 (1962), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1550-7408
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: SYNOPSIS. A previous study of parasites from relapsed P. berghei infections of mice indicated that the behavior of the relapse parasites differed from that of their parent strain. Experiments have been performed comparing the behavior of relapse and parent parasite infections in mice under two sets of conditions. In one group of experiments the behavior after antimalarial treatments, designed to result in chronic or latent states of infection, was tested. In all, 8 relapse strains were tested against their parent strains in six different experiments which employed 536 mice. It was observed that the mice infected with the relapse strains had a statistically significant greater mortality after the treatments than did mice infected with parent strains. This difference was observed regardless of how the relapse strain had been previously treated, or of what treatment was used in the experiments. In a second group of experiments, the behavior of infections with relapse and parent parasites was compared in normal mice. Five relapse strains were compared to their parent strains in a total of 5 experiments using 356 mice. It was observed that the mean survival time of mice infected with relapse strains was significantly greater than that of mice infected with the parent strains. It is not known whether this apparent difference in the behavior of relapse and parent parasites is related to the mechanism for relapse of P. berghei infections, or is merely a characteristic of parasites that had survived in an immune host.
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    Studies on Suctorian Protozoa: The Mechanism of Ingestion of Prey Cytoplasm. (1961)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of eukaryotic microbiology 8 (1961), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1550-7408
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The rate of ingestion of cytoplasm from its prey ciliate by Podophrya collini shows a maximum at 18°C. The rate of ingestion is the same for all active tentacles during the feeding period. Calculation of the amount of cytoplasm ingested from rate measurement and from dimensional alterations of ciliate and suctorian during feeding indicates conformity to the hypothesis that the motive force for ingestion results from integrated activity of the total cell and not from autonomous activity of the tentacles alone. The estimated motive force approximates 0.2 atmosphere. Data is presented to indicate that energy to maintain this motive force is derived from the normal oxidative metabolism of the suctorian.
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    Hepatozoon procyonis, n. sp., from the Raccoon (1961)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of eukaryotic microbiology 8 (1961), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1550-7408
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Hepatozoon procyonis, n. sp., is described from the raccoon Procyon lotor from southwestern Georgia. Mature gametocytes in monocytes in blood smears and schizocysts and developing gametocytes in sections of heart tissue were observed and described. A Hepatozoon was also found in the fox squirrel Sciurus niger.
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    The Mechanism of Ciliary Movement. I. Ciliary Reversal and Activation by Electric Current; the Ludloff Phenomenon in Terms of Core and Volume Conductors. (1961)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of eukaryotic microbiology 8 (1961), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1550-7408
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: In Paramecium there is no known correlation between the direction of electric current through the membrane and of ciliary beat. One reason is that the Ludloff phenomenon, an anodal shift in the limit of the area of reversal with increased current strength, has seemed contradictory to most other data. However, by assuming Paramecium to be a core conductor immersed in a volume conductor and by applying the laws of polarizing currents it is possible to explain all existing data on reversal of normal ciliary action, and also on activation of cilia in immobilized specimens by electrical current. It is assumed that a threshold degree of depolarization of the normal membrane potential or of current density causes reversal. The Ludloff phenomenon is caused by anodal progression of this degree of depolarization with increasing membranecurrent. If it is also assumed that an increase in the membrane potential of immobilized specimens causes activation in the normal direction, one can predict anodal activation, progression of reversal with decrement in velocity, time course of development of excitation, ancdal stimulation upon “break.” stimulation by linearly rising currents, relative refractory and supernormal periods, effect of angle of orientation, and effect of acetylcholine and antiacetylchoiine esterase. Assumption of a neuromotor system is not needed. However, if available data are interpreted in the manner commonly used for nerve it can be concluded that an active accommodative process exists and possibly also a local excitatory state. A recent “dipolar” theory of galvanotaxis is not acceptable because it does not include ciliary reversal.
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    Donnè Structurales et Ultrastructurales Nouvelles sur la Conjugaison de Paramecium caudatum. (1961)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of eukaryotic microbiology 8 (1961), S. 0 
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    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The morphologic phenomena of the conjugation of Paramecium caudatum are analysed by transverse sectioning of couples at the level of the junction zone. This orientation allows exact determination of the adjacent surfaces (which strongly suggests the absence of a paroral cone) and their relation to the ciliary fields. The modifications of the outer pellicle are studied with the electron microscope. It is shown that cytoplasmic communications occur at the top of the ridges which limit the periciliary depressions. The kinetosomes remain apparently intact but cilia and trichocysts disappear. An active role by the latter organelles is suggested for the union of the two conjugants.
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    Initial Development of Infections with Babesia bigeminal (1961)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of eukaryotic microbiology 8 (1961), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1550-7408
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
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    Duration and Reversibility of Sulfonamide-Resistance in Chilomonas Paramecium (1961)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of eukaryotic microbiology 8 (1961), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1550-7408
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Resistance to sulfanilamide has persisted in a strain of Chilomonas Paramecium for 255 transfers (63 months) in a drug-free medium. In attempts to modify resistance, stocks derived from sulfonamide-resistant and normal strains have been acclimatized to and then maintained in media containing p-aminobenzoic acid at 5.0, 10.0, 15.0 and 20.0 mgJ100 ml. Each PABA-acclimatized strain was more susceptible to sulfanilamide than its parent stock. In other words, sulfanil-amide-resistant strains lost their resistance and normal strains became hypersensitive. One strain, adapted first to sulfanilamide, subsequently to PABA (15 mgJ100 ml) and again to sulfanilamide, showed a loss of and finally a restoration of sui-fonamide-resistance (but to a degree somewhat lower than the original level).
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    Some Amino Acid-Folic Acid Interrelationships in Tetrahymena pyriformis (1961)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of eukaryotic microbiology 8 (1961), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1550-7408
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: DL-serine, DL-methionine or DL-serine + DL-methionine in excess inhibited the growth of Tetrahymena pyriformis H. Excess serine was most inhibitory at high concentration of folic acid, whereas the effect of excess methionine or methionine + serine was most pronounced at low levels of folic acid. Inhibition due to excess serine was relieved by raising the level of methionine or by adding pyrimethamine to lower the effective folic acid level, and was intensified by adding Dl.-ethionine or by raising the level of folic acid. Similarly, inhibition due to excess methionine was relieved by supplying more serine or adding DL-ethionine (which reduced the amount of available methionine) and was intensified by adding pyrimethamine. Inhibition by excess methionine + serine was reversed by increasing threonine, provided there was ample guanine present. Low levels of guanine or the presence of 8-azaguanine prevented this reversal. Comparisons are made with the work of others.
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    Autogamy in Frontonia leucas (Ehrbg.) (1961)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of eukaryotic microbiology 8 (1961), S. 0 
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    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Autogamy in Frontonia leucas is described for the first time. The process appears to occur at irregular intervals. From 7 to 10% of the individuals are affected. The beginning of autogamy is marked by a swelling of all the micronuclei which take part in the first two maturation divisions. The third division however affects only one of the second division products. Occasionally two or three may divide. A paroral cone is not prominent. But a small area close to the peristome is distinguishable as the region where the pronuclei fuse. The syn-karyon divides four times. Some of the division products disintegrate, after which 8 to 9 bodies are left which become differentiated into 4 to 5 macronuclear anlagen and 4 micro-nuclei. Mitotic division of the micronuclei results in their increase in number in the daughter individuals after metagamic divisions. Changes in the macronucleus during autogamy consist in its fragmentation and later absorption in the cytoplasm. There is some indirect evidence of a relationship between the dissolution of the old macronucleus and the development of the new.
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    The Role of the Cytoplasm during Reproduction in a Malarial Parasite (Plasmodium lophurae) as Revealed by Electron Microscopy (1961)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of eukaryotic microbiology 8 (1961), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1550-7408
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: An electron microscope study of Plasmodium lophurae maintained in vivo and in vitro provided information concerning the sequence of events during reproduction, and the role of the cytoplasm in this process.Contrary to the generally held opinion that nuclear fissions precede cytoplasmic division, it was found that the last nuclear fission takes place during advanced stages of cytoplasmic segmentation. This study also supplied evidence that in addition to repeated nuclear divisions, a number of changes occur in all major components of the cytoplasm. These changes are considered as preparatory for reproduction. The cytoplasm continues to be active during the formation of merozoites. At this stage a segregation of cytoplasmic components takes place resulting in the incorporation into the offspring of a condensed cytoplasm containing all the organelles. The watery part of the cytoplasm with the lipids and food vacuoles is withheld and at the end of reproduction forms the residual body, a separate structure bound by a membrane.
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    Ophryogleua hypertrophica n.sp. (Giliata Hymenostomatida) (1961)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of eukaryotic microbiology 8 (1961), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1550-7408
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Ophryoglena hypertrophica is distinguished by its tomites and its pyriform theronts; by its elliptical and flattened macronucleus with 2 or 3 coupled micronuclei; by its large trophont; by its tomont covered with a thin mucous layer at the interior of which are formed 4 or 8 tomites closely bound one to another. Its physiological evolution is characteristic; the tomite when it comes out of the tomont undergoes a secondary encystment and then becomes the theront. Sometimes the tomite is rostrated and is not attracted by the tissues; the tomite undergoes as before a secondary encystment, but divides inside the cyst. This type also produces complete or partial particular palintomies and regularly forms resistant cysts.
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    Chemotaxis and Sexual Behavior in Chlamydomonas (1961)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of eukaryotic microbiology 8 (1961), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1550-7408
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Intraspecific chemotaxis between gametes was demonstrated in Chlamydomonas moewusii Gerloff var. rotunda nov. var. which was previously used as C. sp. 24 (Tsubo Y. 1957). a heterothallic isogamous species from Japan. The reaction is unidirectional; the “+” gametes are attracted by the “—” gametes or cell-free supernatant of medium in which the :“-” gametes were suspended. In a study with 4 other isogamous heterothallic Chlamydomonas — C. moewusii Gerloff, C. eugametos Moewus, C. reinhardi Dangeard, and C. morewusii Gerloff var. tenuichloris nov. var. — none of them revealed any intraspecific chemotactic behavior. However, as with the “—” gametes of C. moewusii var. rotunda, both mating types of C. moewusii, C. eugametos, and C. moewusii var. tenuichloris were interspecifically attracted by the supernatant of the “—” culture of C. moewusii var. rotunda. Only C. rein- hardi showed no chemotactic behavior in intra- or interspecific combinations.Although chemotaxis occurred in the above-mentioaed combinations, neither agglutination nor pairing ner zygete formation followed at all in the same combinations. The“;–” cells of C. moewusii var. rotunda killed by osmium vaper and then washed no longer produced the chemotactic agent, but did agglutinate with living “+” cells. Therefore, evidently, chemo-taxis is a separate step from agglutination and zygote-for-mation yet does not seem necessary in the mating of isoga-mous Chlamydomonas. Nonetheless, since this activity appears not in the vegetative but in the gametic stage, it seems to concern the sexual activity of the cells. In preliminary studies the chemotactic agent produced by C. moewusii var. rotunda was shown to be volatile.
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    Infection of Hydra by Microsporidia (1961)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of eukaryotic microbiology 8 (1961), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1550-7408
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: A microsporidian infection in a laboratory clone of Hydra littoralis has been observed, and the parasite has been tentatively identified as a species of Plistophora. Infected hydra continue to bud and regenerate normally and show no significant physiological or morphological changes. Sexual crossing of infected and non-infected animals shows that the infection is transmitted by the ovum but not by the sperm. Continuous exposure of infected hydra to Fumidil B in solution resulted in the disappearance of all Plistophora spores after a five week period of treatment, and the clones of the treated animals have remained parasite-free for more than a year.
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    Amino Acid Composition of Protozoa. Comparative Studies on Tetrahymena (1961)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of eukaryotic microbiology 8 (1961), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1550-7408
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Patterns for free and protein amino acids and related substances were determined for Tetrahymena limacis and 7 strains of T. pyriformis from axenic stationary phase cultures grown at 25° C by means of 2-dimensional chromatography in a butanol-acetic acid and phenol solvent system with ninhydrin and other polychromatic indicators. A uniform protein amino acid (PAA) pattern was observed in all strains. There were 14 color spots indicating 19 amino acids (including cysteic acid), identified as follows: alanine, arginine, aspartic acid, cysteine/cystine, cysteic acid, glutamic acid, glycine, leucine/isoleucine/phenylalanine, lysine/histidine, proline, serine, threonine, tyrosine, valine/methionine.The following free amino acids and related substances (FAAs) were identified with 14 spots (several different from these for PAA patterns) found in all strains: alanine, arginine, asparagine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, glutamine, glycine, leucine/isoleucine/phenylalanine, lysine histidine. proline, serine, threonine, tyrosine, valine/methionine. T. limacis and strains LI and Gf-J of T. pyriformis exhibited these only. Chromatograms of 5 strains of T. pyriformis (PR. F. L3 WH52, HS), however, also contained 1 to 4 spots representing certain of the following substances: Cysteic acid, cysteine/cystine, taurine, and the unknowns X1, X2, and X3, having Rf's of 0.33, 0.79, and 0.72 respectively in 4:1 phenol-H2O system Excepting for F and L3, which were similar, the T. pyriformis strains showed quite different distributional patterns of these substances at 25°C. Other deviations in the distribution of the 6 compounds were noted in the chromatograms of 10° and 35° cultures of WH52 and HS. These findings on FAAs and PAAs are tabulated, along with those of previous investigators, to furnish comparisons on 13 strains of Tetrahymena pyriformis, T. limacis and 9 other species of protozoa.
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    The Biology and Morphology of Crithidia acanthocephali n. sp., Leptomonas leptoglossi n. sp., and Blastocrithidia euschisti n. sp. (1961)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of eukaryotic microbiology 8 (1961), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1550-7408
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Three new species of Trypanosomatidae were isolated from three species of bugs: Leptomonas leptoglossi from Leptoglossus phyllopus, Crithidia acanthocephali from Acanthocephala femorata, and Blastocrithidia euschisti from Euschistus servus. All were cultured axenically and on avian embryo membranes. In addition to differences in morphology the three organisms displayed different growth rates in the chorio-allantoic fluids of duck and chick embryos incubated at 30°C. L. leptoglossi grew most abundantly. B. euschisti barely maintained itself while C. acanthocephali occupied an intermediate position.When the temperature of incubation was raised to 37°C, there was continued multiplication of L. leptoglossi and C. acanthocephali, but there was no growth of B. euschisti in either duck or chick embryos.It is suggested that the criteria of morphology, cultural characteristics in vitro and in vivo, plus physiological characters be used as future aids in classification of the Trypanosomatidae.
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    Anaerobic Metabolism of Crithidia fasciculata (1961)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of eukaryotic microbiology 8 (1961), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1550-7408
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: SYNOPSIS: Crithidia fasciculata was cultured in a modification of the nutrient medium described by Cowperthwaite in 1951. Carbon dioxide, lactic acid, succinic acid and ethyl alcohol were produced by the organisms during anaerobic conditions. Hexokinase, enolase, alcohol dehydrogenase and glucoses-phosphate dehydrogenase were demonstrated in ho-mogenates of the flagellates. Aldolase, phosphohexokinase and lactic acid dehydrogenase could not be demonstrated.
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    Fine Structure of the Silverline and Fibrillar Systems of Three Tetrahymenid Ciliates (1961)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of eukaryotic microbiology 8 (1961), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1550-7408
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Application of fragmentation and thin-sectioning techniques to Tetrakymena pyriformis, Colpidium compiles and Glaucoma chattoni has permitted an analysis of the ultra-structure of their silverline and fibrillar systems. The classical silverline system consists of a mosaic of flat, membrane-bound blisters whose rims represent the sites of selective silver deposition. Cilia and protrichocysts emerge between adjacent blisters. I The pellicle consists of the membranes outlining the blisters, overlain by a continuous outer membrane that covers the whole cell and cilia. Fibrillar structures, which are not argentophilic, include: (1) tapering, striated kinetodesmal fibers arising singly from the kinetosomes, passing to the right and anteriad, and overlapping to form a loose bundle accompanying each kinety; (2) a longitudinal fibril band immediately beneath the pellicle at the right of each kinety, consisting of overlapping individual fibrils; (3) a transverse band of fibrils arising at the left side of each kinetosome and passing to the left under the pellicle; and (4) a set of postciliary fibrils arising at the right posterior edge of each kinetosome and passing posteriad under the pellicle. The fibrils of sets (2), (3), and (4) all are about 20 Mμ in diameter and appear tubular in cross-section; they are very unlike the heavier, solid kinetodesmal fibers. None of the fibril sets directly interconnect, although transverse and postciliary fibrils end in the vicinity of the longitudinal fibril band.
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    The Ciliature and Infraciliature of Nyctotherus ovalis Leidy (1961)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of eukaryotic microbiology 8 (1961), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1550-7408
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The structure of a cilium in Nyctotherus ovalis is that usually found: two single central filaments surrounded peripherally by nine double filaments; the whole is encased in a ciliary membrane continuous with the pellicle. The two central filaments end in a single enlarged bulb just above a septum, located at about the level of the pellicle, whereas the nine double filaments extend inward to form the cylindrical basal body, which is open at its inner end. Inside the basal body are granules àrranged in rows parallel to its sides. These granules may have significance in the origin of new basal bodies as well as in the outgrowth of new cilia. The latter may have been observed in a few instances. Parallel to the pellicle are two series of fibrils, one median and one inner, connecting adjacent basal bodies. Fibrils extend from the inner end of each basal body, these converge and extend deep into the ectoplasm, often becoming lost in a pattern of equilateral triangles, arranged to form hexagons. These features are clearly seen in the peristomial membranelles, where the basal bodies of the four rows of cilia are close together, separated from adjacent membranelles by a protoplasmic shelf and supported by a mass of fibrillar material comprising the peristomial ectoplasmic band. This broad band extends to the inner end of the peristome whence it returns along the opposite wall as a narrow mass of fibrillar ectoplasm without basal bodies. Peripherally the fibrils are condensed into fan-like bundles; internally they often form a network of equilateral triangles arranged to form hexagons, with corpuscles at the intersections. Trichite-like structures are also found in the peristomial groove and tube; these are connected to both the basal bodies and the fibrillar network.The functions, origin and development of this complex infraciliature during fission constitute one of the yet unsolved morphological problems in such complex ciliates.
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    The Inadequacy of Monobacterially-fed Paramecium aurelia as Food for Didinium nasutum (1960)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of eukaryotic microbiology 7 (1960), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1550-7408
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Sterile Didinium nasutum were fed Paramecium Aurelia which had been grown on monofloral cultures of five different species of bacteria and on a wild mixed culture of bacteria. Didinia grown on monoflorally-fed paramenia or starved paramecia maintained a low daily division rate (0.88-2.06), and after 3 or 4 days died, frequently showing structural abnormalities before death. Didinia fed paramecia grown on a wild mixture of bacteria showed a higher division rate (4.96), did not die after 3 or 4 days, and encysted, when the food was exhausted. It is suggested that a diet consisting of monoflorally-fed or starved paramecia is inadequate for Didinium. This may be due to the lack of some substance or substances related to the enzyme system of the predator, possibly proteolytic enzymes elaborated by paramecia. In the experiments of Gause on the destruction of one species by another, his failure to establish population oscillations between Didinium and Paramecium might have been due to an inadequate diet for the didinia which resulted in their lack, of encystment and death.
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    Electron Microscope Study of the Exoerythrocytic Form of Plasmodium gallinaceum in Thin Sections of Infected Tissue Cultures (1960)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of eukaryotic microbiology 7 (1960), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1550-7408
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The exoerythrocytic forms of Plasmodium gallinaceum in thin sections of infected tissue cultures have been examined with the electron microscope. It was seen that important changes occur in the fine structure of the parasite during the various phases of the cycle. The cytoplasm of the merozoites at the beginning and at the end of each cycle shows a great electron density due to a fine granulation. Larger granules are found at one pole of the parasite. The merozoites have a large nucleus in the center, and an oval body of great electron density at one pole, the significance of which is unknown. Short canaliculi can also be seen in the cytoplasm, but no mitochondria have been found.The cytoplasm of the schizonts shows a low electron density. It contains small particles scattered irregularly throughout its whole mass. The nuclei are not well defined; the oval body observed in the merozoites apparently has disappeared. Short canaliculi are present everywhere; however, mitochondria could not be identified with certainty.In the final phase of the cycle, in the rosette formations, the cytoplasm assumes again the fine granular structure. The future merozoites are grouped around a cytoplasmic core, with which they are directly connected. The whole segmenter is situated in a vacuole formation. In cross sections of the merozoites an opening in the central pole has been observed.
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    Conjugation in Blepharisma undulans americanum. (1960)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of eukaryotic microbiology 7 (1960), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1550-7408
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: An account of conjugation in an American species of Blepharisma is given. A comparison is also made with the available knowledge of the two Indian species of this genus. In the conjugating pair, the condensed macronucleus shows Feulgen negative regions. Before the conjugants separate, the macronuclear and micronuclear anlagen become distinguishable.The species is characterized by a number of striking features which become noticeable after syngamy. The synkaryon divides thrice giving rise to 8 bodies. Of these, 3 to 7 become the macronuclear anlagen and the rest, the micronuclei. The resorption of the old macronucleus occurs much later, just before the exconjugant attains the vegetative form. No metagamic fissions occur in this species and each exconjugant becomes a vegetative animal in 5 or 6 days. During this period, the macronuclear anlagen arrange themselves in a series and develop slender connections with one another to produce the moniliform macronucleus of the vegetative animal. The micronuclear anlagen, on the other hand, divide by mitosis to attain the vegetative number. In this species 40% to 45% of the exconjugants are viable and the rest die.
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    Observations sur quelques Ciliés astomes des Oligochétes du lac d'Ohrid (Yougoslavie). II. Families des Hoplitophryidae (Hoplitophryinae et Maupasellinae), des Intoshellinidae et des Anoplophryidae. (1960)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of eukaryotic microbiology 7 (1960), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1550-7408
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Seven species of astomatous Infusoria from the alimentary tract of the Oligochaeta from Ochrida Lake are described. One of them, belonging to Hoplitophrya, shows many transitional characteristics between Juxtaradiophrya and Hoplitophrya and proves the coherence of the group Radio-phryinae-Hoplitophryinae-Mesnilellinae. Two species are Maupasellinae, parasites from Glossoscolecidae. Buchneriella and Maupasella, both parasites from Criodrilus lacuum, a cosmo politan worm, are also present in C. ohridensis, endemic species coexistent with the preceding, at Ohrid. Two other sro belong to Intoshellina. A discussion about the actual systematic state of Intoshellinidae is given, affinities of this family remaining uncertain. The two last species described are a typical Anoplophrya and a representative cf a new genus Corlissiella, having many morphological and biological similarities to the primitive thigmotrichs. Heterogeneity of the Anoplophryidae is discussed.
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    Device for Facilitating the Inoculation of Screw-cap Tubes (1960)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of eukaryotic microbiology 7 (1960), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1550-7408
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: A small reversible A.C. motor is utilized in the construction of a device to tighten and loosen the caps of screw-cap test tubes.
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    A New Species of Coccidia of the Grey Squirrel Sciurtis (Neosciurns) carolinensis (1960)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of eukaryotic microbiology 7 (1960), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1550-7408
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: A new species of Coccidia, Eimeria neosciuri sp. now, has been described from the squirrel host, Sciurns (Neo-sciurus) carolinensis. The oocysts (21.8-28.0 ju X 13.7-18.1) are elliptical in shape without a visible micropyle. The sporo- cysts are oval with protruding nipple. The endogenous stase; of this species occur in the epithelial cells of the villi of the upper ileum. Oocyst production declines in about a fortnight after a rise to its maximum during the first 6-10 days.
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    Isolation of Ergosterol from Euglena gracilis; Distribution Among Mutant Strains (1960)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of eukaryotic microbiology 7 (1960), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1550-7408
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Ergosterol was isolated from the non-saponifiable lipids of Euglena. For this, after saponification of the cells, the petroleum-ether extract was chromatographed on deactivated alumina. Development was achieved by pet. ether and 10% (v/v) benzene in pet. ether, and the sterol fraction was subsequently eluted with 10% (v/v) ethyl acetate in pet. ether. This sterol was identified as ergosterol by a) precipitation with digitonin, b) The Liebermann-Burchard reaction, c) co-chromatography with known ergosterol, d) ultraviolet absorption spectrum, e) conversion to the acetate with determination of the melting and mixed melting points and !” infra-red absorption spectrum of the acetate derivative. By these techniques, ergosterol content was measured in the-following strains of Euglena gracilis under various conditions of nutrition and illumination: bacillaris and Z strains, and several albino and pigment mutants derived from them. A. functional chloroplast seems unnecessary for ergosterol synthesis; the ergosterol content of cells (dry weight basis) was constant regardless of strain and growth conditions.
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    Elektronenmikroskopische Untersuchungen über das Nephridialsystem von Paramaecium. (1960)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of eukaryotic microbiology 7 (1960), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1550-7408
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The structure of the excretory apparatus of Paramecium caudatum and P. aurelia was studied in electro-micrographs of ultrathin sections. The so-called nephridial plasma visible in light microscopy was revealed as a network of fine branching tubules (nephridial tubules), of average diameter about 200 Å, which surround the nephridial canals. The nephridial tubules are connected peripherally directly to branches of the endoplasmic reticulum, which extends throughout the organism. During diastole of the radial canals the nephridial tubules open into the nephridial canals, but this connection is broken during systole. Surrounding the nephridial plasma are bundles of larger tubular elements (about 500 Å diameter).The osmiophile wall of the terminal nephridial canal continues without change in the walls of the ampulla, the injection canal and the contractile vacuole. Contractile fibrillar elements, arranged in fiat band-like bundles and of tubular structure (about 150-250 A diameter) without periodic cross-striations, begin at the top of the ampulla and extend, along the surface facing the pellicle, over the injection canal and contractile vacuole to the excretory canal, which they surround as a spiral envelope.The closing of the contractile vacuole to the excretory canal is effected by a relatively compact membrane without pores, so that the emptying of the vacuole must follow breaking of this membrane. The function of the excretory system is discussed in the light of these new observations.
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    New Colorless Eugleninae (1959)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of eukaryotic microbiology 6 (1959), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1550-7408
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: SYNOPSIS. Ten new species of colorless Eugleninae are described. One of them is the type of a new genus (Calycimonas physaloides nov. gen. nov. sp.). Especially remarkable forms are: Astasia acus, a species related to the green Euglena acus but without chromatophores and stigma and considerably smaller; Astasia edax, a species with animal-like nutrition and peculiar ecological adaptations; Petalomonas striata, a form which is not spirally but transversely striated; and finally Hyalophacus caecus, which was observed already by Klebs and Pochmann but was not sufficiently described. The new genus Calycimonas (ex fam. Peranemacearum) is related to Tropidoscyphus on the one hand (nearly the same shape as e.g. Tr. octocostatus, but possessing only a single flagellum) and to Petalomonas on the other hand (mode of nutrition and of swimming, formation of the reservoir, rigidity: however in transverse section not flattened).The Astasiae with zootrophic nutrition are collected in a new subgenus Astasiae devorantes or Phytophaga which comprises besides A. edax three species already described by Skuja.
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    Malayan Protozoa 2. Hepatozoon Miller (Sporozoa : Coccidia), with an unusual host record for H. canis (James) (1959)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of eukaryotic microbiology 6 (1959), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1550-7408
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: SYNOPSIS. H. canis (James) is reported from three of 36 stray dogs at Singapore and one of 34 palm civets (Paradoxurus hermaphroditus Pallas) from Jeram, Selangor. H. muris (Balfour) was found at Singapore in 10 of 61 examples of Rattus norvegicus (Erxleben) and five of 23 of R. rattus diardi (Jentinck), and is also recorded from six of 139 examples of R. r. jarak (Bonhote) from Pulau Jarak, Straits of Malacca. Neutrophils of P. hermaphroditus containing gametocytes of H. canis exhibit pronounced karyorrhexis, while most of the parasites themselves show signs of pyknosis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1550-7408.1959.tb04375.x
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    Volume, Nucleic Acid and Nitrogen Contents of Strains of Green and i Colorless Englena gracilis and of Astasia longa (1960)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of eukaryotic microbiology 7 (1960), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1550-7408
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Nucleic acid, the nitrogen content per cell, and cell and nuclear volume were determined in 4 green and 2 heat-induced colorless strains of Euglena gracilis and one strain of Astasia longa. All strains of Euglena were identical in cell and nuclear volume. The deoxyribonucleic acid content per cell of the apoplastidic strains was higher than that of the corresponding green strains by I1/, times. Although their nuclei were not enlarged, Feulgen staining of the colorless strains was also more intense. The significance of the increase in DNA in experimentally induced apoplastidy is discussed. As for N total nucleic acid P, and pentosenucleic acid—the dir between the strains reflected previously established morphological and physiological relationships between them. The single strain of Astasia studied was identical in stru: and size with the apoplastidic Euglena stnMH Hownner. it was quite unlike them in all the biochemical characteristic; examined.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1550-7408.1960.tb00711.x
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  • 77
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    Mating Types and their Determination in Stylonychia putrina (1959)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of eukaryotic microbiology 6 (1959), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1550-7408
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: SYNOPSIS. A total of 155 clones of Stylonychia putrina collected in nature were tested for mating type. Two sexually isolated varieties were found among them: Variety I with 12 mating types and Var. II with 11. Five of the clones isolated in the laboratory belonged to 3 additional mating types of Var. I making a total of 15 mating types in this variety.Crosses were made among 6 of the mating types of Var. I, and 114 clones of progeny were raised and tested for mating type. No simple genetic explanation of the results was evident.An abnormal type of conjugation with fusion of the conjugants and subsequent fission was studied. Both parental mating types sometimes segregated during the first two fissions of a fused animal. Mating type determination in the progeny of the fused animals seemed to parallel that of the progeny of the normal conjugants in that in both cases certain mating types tended to be dominant over others.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1550-7408.1959.tb04370.x
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    Addendum to: Effects of metabolic inhibitors on pigments of Euglena. (1959)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of eukaryotic microbiology 6 (1959), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1550-7408
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1550-7408.1959.tb04376.x
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  • 79
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    Cytochemical Evidence for Urease Activity in Tetrahymena (1959)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of eukaryotic microbiology 6 (1959), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1550-7408
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: SYNOPSIS. The cytochemical procedure of Sen was used to demonstrate urease activity in Tetrahymena pyriformis S.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1550-7408.1959.tb04379.x
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  • 80
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    The Susceptibility of the Higher Primates to Piroplasms (1959)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of eukaryotic microbiology 6 (1959), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1550-7408
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: SYNOPSIS. The chimpanzee is shown to behave like man to infection with Babesia divergens or bovis: the intact animal is totally resistant, whereas the splenectomized animal develops a fulminating infection accompanied by blackwater. The splenectomized rhesus monkey reacts in the same way also, but splenectomized rabbits are insusceptible. In the chimpanzee the typical accolé position of the “divergens” organisms (as seen in cattle) is absent, but occurs in the rhesus. It is suggested that latent piroplasmosis in man may exist on a large scale in rural populations in infected localities.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1550-7408.1959.tb04383.x
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  • 81
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    Immobilizing Antigens of Tetrahymena pyriformis (1959)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of eukaryotic microbiology 6 (1959), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1550-7408
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: SYNOPSIS. Studies cf 3 conjugating strains of Tetrahymena pyriformis grown in a bacterized medium indicated the presence of a system of alternative immobilizing surface antigens. Each strain was found to have the potential for the expression of 3 serologically unrelated antigens. These consisted of a “high temperature” antigen (expressed in the range of 20–35d̀C), a “low temperature” antigen (exhibited in cultures at 10d̀), and an antigen induced by growth in the presence of the above-mentioned “high temperature” antiserum. Normally, by the immobilization reaction, only one of these antigens could be detected as present on any one organism at any given time. The “high temperature” antigens of two of the strains were serclogically related while that of the 3rd strain did not cross-react with antisera to the other two. The “low temperature” antigens of the 3 strains were serologically related as were the antigens induced by growth in antiserum.Studies of inbred hybrids of two of the strains indicated a potential for still more alternative antigens as well as for the spontaneous expression of the antigen which in the parental strains could only be induced to appear by the presence of the specific antiserum.Study of the 3 strains in axenic medium indicated the existence of a more complex system and the possibility that two or more immobilizing antigens may be present simultaneously.
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  • 82
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    The Invasion of the Cecal Mucosa by Eimeria tenella sporozoites and their Transport by Macrophages (1959)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of eukaryotic microbiology 6 (1959), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1550-7408
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: SYNOPSIS. The establishment of Eimeria tenella sporozoites in the cecal mucosa of the chicken is described. The invasion process was similar to that reported for E. necatrix by Van Doorninck and Becker. Sporozoites were found to pass through the surface epithelium of the cecal mucosa into the lamina propria. Within the lamina propria the sporozoites were engulfed by macrophages and transported to the cells of the glands of Lieberkühn. Development of the sporozoites ensues within the gland epithelium.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1550-7408.1959.tb04364.x
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  • 83
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    Sexual Isolation in Pandorina morum (1959)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of eukaryotic microbiology 6 (1959), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1550-7408
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: SYNOPSIS. The morphology of the vegetative phase and the sexual process in Pandorina morum have been studied in detail under controlled laboratory conditions. A number of strains from various areas of the United States, all essentially indistinguishable on morphological grounds, were analyzed for sexual compatibility. Forty-seven heterothallic clones were found to represent 15 separate pairs of mating types, or a minimum of 15 syngens (sensu Sonneborn, 1957). Two clones proved to be homothallic. Nine additional clones, which were not observed to mate with any strain, can be classified only after further collecting. The separate heterothallic pairs of mating types are sexually isolated by factors acting at the stage of gamete production; incompatible mating types produce no gametes when they are mixed together. The geographical distribution of the sets of mating types is very incompletely defined as yet, but they are not strictly endemic forms. Thirty heterothallic strains, representing each of the 15 sexually isolated sets of mating types of Pandorina morum, have been deposited with the Culture Collection of Algae maintained at Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, U.S.A.
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    The Relation of the Stage of the Population Growth Curve to the Survival of Tritrichomonas foetus upon Freezing in the Presence of Glycerol (1959)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of eukaryotic microbiology 6 (1959), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1550-7408
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: SYNOPSIS. When grown in CPLM medium or in a similar medium containing glucose instead of maltose as its sugar, Tritrichomonas foetus, Strain O, was much more sensitive to injury when frozen to -21d̀ C. in the presence. of 1 m glycerol during the initial and logarithmic phases of its population growth curve than at its peak and for some time thereafter. In 7 experiments in which the population peak occurred an average of 28.1 hours after inoculation, the average culture age at which the protozoa first survived freezing was 20.3 hours, at which time the population had reached 52.6% of its peak. The optimum culture age for survival after 1 day of freezing averaged 37.7 hours at which time the population averaged 75.6% of its peak. The optimum culture age for survival after 7 to 15 days of freezing averaged 32.3 hours, at which time the population averaged 82.7% of its peak. Better survival upon freezing was obtained in those experiments in which the population peak was reached relatively rapidly.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1550-7408.1959.tb03936.x
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  • 85
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    Macronuclear Changes in a Strain of Blepharisma undulans during the Divisional Cycle (1959)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of eukaryotic microbiology 6 (1959), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1550-7408
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: SYNOPSIS. Specimens of Blepharisma undulans were transferred from young clone cultures to a rotocompressor with 3 mm3 of culture medium. The organisms were slightly compressed and photographed at various intervals with dark field illumination. The sequence of macronuclear and cytoplasmic changes was compared with similarly followed Feulgen preparations.The cycle falls into several phases: (1) an interphase (12–24 hr.) in which the organism increases in size while cytoplasmic and macronuclear appearances remain unchanged. During this phase, the macronucleus consists of 3 to 5 nodes of various sizes connected by strands. (2) a pre-condensation phase (1 hr.) in which a new posterior peristome and cytopyge appear without visible macronuclear change. (3) a condensation phase (10–20 min.) in which the macronuclear nodes coalesce into a round mass without dissolution of the central nodes or strands. (4) a postcondensation phase (1 hr.) characterized by: (a) elongation of the condensed macronucleus into a rod-like shape followed by typical nodal formation; or (b) elongation of the condensed macronucleus into a form resembling the letter “J”, followed by nodal formation, and resulting in a double row of nodes in one daughter and a single row in the other. Separation occurs at this time, initiating the new interphase. The development of the j-form macronucleus. the lack of obliteration of the central nodes, and the characteristic interphase condition distinguish this strain of B. undulans from others described elsewhere.
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    Observations sur Quelques Ciliés Astomes des Oligochètes du lac d'Ohrid (Yougoslavie). I. Famille des Radiophryinae. (1959)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of eukaryotic microbiology 6 (1959), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1550-7408
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: SYNOPSIS. Six species of astomatous Infusoria, 4 new, are described from the alimentary tract of Oligochaeta from Ochrida Lake. Two belong to Ochridanus, characterized by a cytoskeleton whose “V”-shaped basal piece bears on its branches two articulated hooks brought together by a skeletal blade. This genus found in Ochridanous Tubificidae represents the counterpart of Anthonyella in the Lumbriculidae of Lake Baïkal. The presence of Ochridanus in these worms concurs with the almost complete absence of representatives of Radiophrya of which we have found but one species. A species of Metaradiophrya, a genus unknown to date from the Lumbricidae, was noticed in Glossoscolecidae. The different species of Ochridanus, Anthonyella, Metaradiophrya, and Radiophrya compose a very homogeneous group of Radiophryinae. The study of the ciliary rows and the cytoskeleton of 2 species of Juxtaradiophrya, parasitic in the Lumbriculidae of Ochrida, shows that, in the morphology of these ciliates, as well as in the same forms from Lake Baïkal, many transition characteristics exist between the Radiophryinae and Hoplitophryinae or Mesnilellinae. These 3 sub-families, with their undeniable genetic kinship give coherence to the family Hoplitophryidae.
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  • 87
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    Enzyme Systems of Stylonychia pustulata. II. Miscellaneous Systems (Hydrases, Hydrolases, and Dehydrogenases) (1959)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of eukaryotic microbiology 6 (1959), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1550-7408
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: SYNOPSIS. Histochemical techniques were used to demonstrate the intracellular distribution of some hydrases, hydrolases, oxidases, and dehydrogenases in Stylonychia pustulata. The hydrase, aconitase, was confined to the mitochondria. Zymohexase activity occurred in the cytoplasm and probably in the mitochondria. The hydrolases, acid and alkaline phosphatases, lipase, and urease, were localized in the mitochondria. Lactic and glutamic dehydrogenases were confined to the mitochondria. Peroxidase and glycerophosphate dehydrogenase were absent.
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  • 88
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    Genetic Studies of the Pyridoxine Mutant in Variety Two of Tetrahymena pyriformis (1958)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of eukaryotic microbiology 5 (1958), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1550-7408
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: SYNOPSIS. When two strains cf T. pyriformis that do not require exogenous pyridoxine are crossed, all progeny grow without the vitamin. Offspring from crosses of two pyridoxine requiring clones require pyridoxine with the exception of a few which will grow without pyridoxine. The ratio is approximately 3:1 favoring the pyridoxine requiring category. In matings involving the homozygous dominant pyridoxine requiring clones with the double recessive mutant, that is +/+ X p/p, all of the resulting progeny need pyridoxine. Test crossing these heterozygotes (+/p) with the parental pyridoxine non-requiring clones (p/p) gives offspring approximating a 1:1 ratio. Matings between two heterozygotes derived from breeding experiments also yield progeny in approximately 3 pyridoxine requiring: 1 pyridoxine non-requiring. All data indicate selection for the heterozygote in the population and a possible selection against either homozygote. The great abundance of heterozygotes and rarity of recessive homozygotes in natural habitats corroborates these findings. The genetic evidence supports a single gene hypothesis although the possibility of multiple closely linked genes cannot be ignored. There is also the possibility that a dominant suppressor gene may function in blocking the activity of the pyridoxine mutant genes. Moreover, if this gene exists it may be incompletely dominant since the heterozygote grows slightly on deficient media.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1550-7408.1958.tb02559.x
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    A Contribution to the Systematics and Morphology of Endoparasitic Trichodinids from Amphibians, with a Proposal of Uniform Specific Characteristics (1958)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of eukaryotic microbiology 5 (1958), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1550-7408
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: SYNOPSIS. Trichodina urinicola was found in newts, Triturus cristatus and T. taeniatus, in three localities in Czechoslovakia. The ciliate populations showed important differences on the basis of which they were separated as three new forms of this species: T. urinicola f. typica, T. urinicola f. bohemica, both from Triturus cristatus, and T. urinicola f. taeniatus from Triturus taeniatus. The great variability of trichodinids is evident from the literature as well as from our own observations, so that these new forms are to be regarded as provisional ones until it is possible to decide on the basis of a large number of observations the extent of specificity and variation of individual endozoic species of Trichodina. A detailed description of these forms is given as well as a comparison with the known species of trichodinids inhabiting the urinary tract of amphibians. A brief comment on the present taxonomy of the Urceolaridae in general is outlined.The need for a uniform description of these ciliates is emphasized; in connection with this, the taxonomic value of individual body characters is discussed. Special attention is paid to the adhesive disk of Trichodina, the structure of which is of greatest importance in the taxonomy of this group. On the basis of Dogel's and Fauré-Fremiet's descriptive methods employed in study of trichodinids, a proposal of a uniform description of Trichodina is made which involves all the important features of these protozoa.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1550-7408.1958.tb02563.x
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    Carotenoid Distribution in Bleached Substrains of Euglena gracilis (1958)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of eukaryotic microbiology 5 (1958), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1550-7408
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: SYNOPSIS. Several substrains of Euglena gracilis var. bacillaris made chlorotic by treatment with pyribenzamine or streptomycin, or by growth at high temperature (35–36°C.), have been examined for their carotenoid content. They differ from the normal green strain both qualitatively and quantitatively. Some strains produce no detectable carotenoids while the carotenoid concentration in the strains producing most is at best only one-fifth that of the normal strain. In all substrains producing carotenoids, the carotene fraction consists of β-carotene accompanied by some members of the phytofluene series. In only two of these substrains, HB-G and PBZ-G3, are xanthophylls produced in significant amounts. In HB-G, the main pigment is echinenone, and in PBZ-G3 it is zeaxanthin. The significance of these findings is briefly discussed.
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    Development and Dehiscence of Gametocysts of the Gregarine Pyxinia crystalligera Frenzel (1958)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of eukaryotic microbiology 5 (1958), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1550-7408
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: SYNOPSIS. Association of gamonts of Pyxinia crystalligera takes place in the midgut of its beetle host, Dermestes vulpinus. At 25°C. the development of gametocysts to the point of liberation of sporocysts is completed between about 15 hours and 27 hours after the gametocysts are deposited with fecal material. Dehiscence is favored by relative humidities of 0% to 90%, but is not favored by a relative humidity of 100%. During the early development of the gametocysts outside the host, the crystals and paraglycogen granules in the cytoplasm of the associated gamonts become concentrated in large masses. The gametes are formed at the periphery of the gamonts. After fusion of the gametes takes place and the sporoblasts begin to develop, the residual cytoplasm containing the inclusions moves outward to form a continuous layer next to the gametocyst envelope, so that the sporoblasts become crowded into a central core. A few hours before dehiscence is initiated a clear area appears on the upper side of the gametocyst. The contents of the gametocyst begin to shrink away from the envelope except in the region of the clear area. Eventually the sporocysts emerge through the clear area and press against the envelope of the gametocyst, causing formation of a conical papilla in the envelope. With continued pressure from the sporocysts, the papilla ruptures at its tip, and the sporocysts emerge in a continuous thread until dehiscence is completed. The thread of sporocysts may attain a length of about 11 mm.
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    Purine Biosynthesis by the Trypanosomid Flagellate, Strigomonas oncopelti (1958)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of eukaryotic microbiology 5 (1958), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1550-7408
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: SYNOPSIS. The steps leading to purine ring closure were examined in Strigomonas oncopelti. The flagellate has an obligate adenine requirement (hypoxanthine and guanine are inert) when grown without p-aminobenzoic acid. The imidazole counterpart of adenine but not the imidazole counterpart of hypoxanthine was active. A pathway for purine biosynthesis compatible with these results is sketched.
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    A Note on the Transmission of a Nuttallia of Meriones shawi by the Tick Rhipicephalus secundus (1958)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of eukaryotic microbiology 5 (1958), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1550-7408
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: SYNOPSIS. The Nuttallia of the gerbil is transmitted by Rhipicephalus secundus only if the infected meal is taken by the larva, and the subsequent nymphal stage is the only one which is able to infect. There is no transovarial transmission.Infective trophozoites remain in the larval caeca for about 12 hours after gorging. The infective nymph is able to give rise to new infections at various times after it has been allowed to feed, but never later than the third day after disengagement from the host.
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    Studies on Conjugation in Paramecium polycaryum (1958)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of eukaryotic microbiology 5 (1958), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1550-7408
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: SYNOPSIS. The process of autogamy in unassociated individuals of Paramecium polycaryum was reported by the author in 1954. In May, 1955, conjugation was first seen in this species in cultures collected by me at Annamalainagar, South India, thus removing it from the list of non-conjugating species. This appears to be the first instance in which the process of autogamy was detected prior to observation of conjugation in the same species. Autogamy occurs in singles of the Indian race and appears to be similar, cytologically, to that of American races. The details of the micronuclear behavior in conjugation parallel those of autogamy in singles. In fact, the conjugation process seems to be one of double autogamy (cytogamy), rather than of reciprocal gametic interchange. Paroral cones, often of fair size, are formed but breakdown of the cones to permit micronuclear passage has not been observed. In conjugation there are the usual three pregamic divisions; the first shows four characteristic crescents. The resulting nuclei may all participate in the second division. Fertilization occurs in the paroral cone area. Frequently, separation of the conjugants takes place immediately after the first division of the synkaryon. The old macronucleus undergoes very little change prior to the last postzygotic micronuclear division in the ex-conjugant, when it goes into a skein condition. Four macronuclear and four micronuclear anlagen are formed in the ex-conjugants at the completion of reorganization. On occasion giant individuals of P. polycaryum were observed to have ingested numbers of Tetrahymena pyriformis. The presence of an unidentified rod-like organism in the cytoplasm of the paramecia (non-conjugating) was detected in one collection from Bangalore, India.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1550-7408.1958.tb02567.x
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    Mating Types in Paramecium multimicronucleatum (1957)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of eukaryotic microbiology 4 (1957), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1550-7408
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: SUMMARY. The mating behavior of 16 stocks of Paramecium multimicronucleatum from 12 states has been studied. Mating always follows a decline in nutritive conditions. The evidence indicates that there exists one set of four interbreeding mating types. The period of subculture strongly influences the mating reactions, many stocks mating only long after isolation from nature and culture in the laboratory under the restricted conditions employed. Selfing was observed to occur in many races, usually after long periods of subculture. It first occurred in only a small proportion of the population, later in a larger proportion. The similarities and differences between P. multimicronucleatum and other species of protozoa showing multiple mating types are discussed.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1550-7408.1957.tb02496.x
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    Electronic Resource
    Effects of Temperature and Pressure on Oxygen Poisoning of Paramecium (1957)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of eukaryotic microbiology 4 (1957), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1550-7408
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: SUMMARY. A study of the temperature-pressure relationship in oxygen poisoning of Paramecium caudatum was undertaken, as the initial step in defining some of the major factors in in vivo oxygen poisoning. Paramecium was selected because it was relatively simple to culture in a pureline clone, large numbers were readily obtained, and it was large enough to be clearly visible under low magnification. The protozoa were exposed to oxygen pressures of 0 (100%), 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, 90, 105, 120 pounds/inch2 gauge pressure at each of the following temperatures: 1, 5, 10, 15, 20, and 27°C. Exposure was accomplished in a transparent, high-pressure lucite tank which permitted visual observation with aid of a dissecting microscope. It was found at temperatures above 5°C. that oxygen toxicity varied directly with pressure, but below this temperature, with oxygen tensions of 1–2 atmospheres (absolute), oxygen toxicity varied inversely as the temperature. The possibility is advanced that oxygen may be affecting two cellular processes (perhaps enzymatic), one of which is temperature-limited below 5°C. and would, therefore, decrease the death time as the temperature is decreased. Several experiments performed at 3°C. produced a death time intermediate between results obtained at 1° and 5°C.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1550-7408.1957.tb02479.x
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    The Organization of Gullet Organelles in Paramecium bursaria (1957)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of eukaryotic microbiology 4 (1957), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1550-7408
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: SUMMARY. A stock of Paramecium bursaria is described in which the peniculus contains only 8 columns of cilia and associated “granules”. The gullet system is composed of organelle complexes almost exclusively, and incorporates no underlying or transecting extensions of “pellicular fibrillar systems”. A brief discussion is presented on the value of the peniculus as a taxonomic criterion in separating “aurelia” and “bursaria” groups in Paramecium.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1550-7408.1957.tb02485.x
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  • 98
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    BUSINESS MEETING (1957)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of eukaryotic microbiology 4 (1957), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1550-7408
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1550-7408.1957.tb02522.x
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  • 99
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    Electronic Resource
    MEMBERSHIP DIRECTORY (1957)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of eukaryotic microbiology 4 (1957), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1550-7408
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1550-7408.1957.tb02523.x
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  • 100
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    Evidence for the Absence of the Urea Cycle in Tetrahymena (1957)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of eukaryotic microbiology 4 (1957), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1550-7408
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: SUMMARY. Strains E, S and W of Tetrahymena pyriformis were examined for their ability to carry out the reactions of the Krebs-Henseleit urea cycle, using growth and enzyme studies. None of the strains was able to grow on either citruliine or ornithine in place of arginine, and proline was as active as citrulline or ornithine in sparing arginine. So little citrulline or arginine was synthesized by cell-free preparations as to be of no significance in the growth or nitrogen metabolism of the ciliates. Slight arginase activity could be detected in homogenates, but no urea was found in cultures. No urease activity could be detected using urea-C14.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1550-7408.1957.tb02510.x
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