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  • General Chemistry  (4,740)
  • ASTROPHYSICS
  • 1970-1974  (4,906)
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  • 1
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    Changes in zodiacal light with heliocentric distance - Preliminary results from Pioneer 10 (1974)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-27
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 2
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    Results of the asteroid/meteoroid particle experiment on Pioneer 10 /1.0-3.3 AU/ (1974)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-27
    Description: The asteroid/meteoroid detector (Sisyphus), an optical array to measure particle size and orbit, has been performing successfully on Pioneer 10 since it was initially activated on 9 March 1972. During the first ten months of operation over 200 meteoroid and asteroid events were detected between 1.0 and 3.3 AU. These events are being analyzed to determine the spatial concentration as a function of heliocentric distance. The early results of these analyses are presented with particular emphasis on the distribution in the asteroid belt. Preliminary orbital parameters for some particles which have been analyzed are presented with a discussion of instrumental limitations.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
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  • 3
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    The radial dependence of the zodiacal light (1974)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-07-27
    Description: The asteroid/meteoroid detector (Sisyphus) has, in addition to its primary role of detecting and analyzing individual meteoroids, been used for measuring the brightness of the night sky from its platform on board the Pioneer 10 spacecraft. This spacecraft has traversed the asteroid belt and will fly by Jupiter in December 1973. It was quickly found that the brightness of the night sky in the antisolar hemisphere decreased rapidly with increasing distance from the sun. This decrease is due solely to the decrease in the brightness of the zodiacal light. The heliocentric dependence of the zodiacal light has been deduced from several months of data. Some data are shown to illustrate the sensitivity of the instrument to features in the night sky and the technique used for subtracting out the integrated brightness due to starlight is described. Preliminary results showing the decrease of the zodiacal light with solar distance is not inconsistent with an inverse square dependence.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
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  • 4
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    Mariner 4 - A study of the cumulative flux of dust particles over a heliocentric range of 1-1.56 AU 1964-1967 (1974)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-07-27
    Description: Between December 1964 and December 1967, the Mariner 4 dust particle experiment obtained data concerning the distribution of minute zodiacal dust cloud particles over a heliocentric range of 1-1.56 AU. The first measurement was over the complete heliocentric range, while the two additional measurements were made between 1.1 and 1.25 AU in 1966, and between 1.2 and 1.5 AU in 1967. The initial results of these measurements presented the mean cumulative flux for the respective data periods. The results of a detailed study and comparison of the three measurements are presented, with particular emphasis on the variation of the flux as a function of heliocentric range. A small, but statistically significant, increase in the flux is observed between 1.15 and 1.4 AU. The initial reports showed a lower cumulative flux for the latter two measurements. However, a detailed analysis containing corrections for spacecraft attitude indicate that all three measurements yield similar results, and that the particles detected were in low inclination orbits.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
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  • 5
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    Analysis of Skylab/Apollo Telescope Mount S-056 observations based on a force-free magnetic field model (1974)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-07-27
    Description: Data obtained from the S-056 X-ray experiment on Skylab/ATM have been analyzed based on the assumption that the magnetic fields in the chromosphere and lower corona are force-free. Underlying the analysis is the hypothesis that the observed X-ray filaments coincide with magnetic field lines. The photographic recording of the filaments can then be compared with the projection along the line of sight of the computed magnetic field lines of the model. Ground-based observations of the longitudinal magnetic field component complement the X-ray data and are used in the theoretical interpretation.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: AIAA PAPER 74-1235
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  • 6
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    Near-earth cosmic dust results from S-149 (1974)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-07-27
    Description: Three space exposures (34, 46 and 33 days) of thin films and polished metal plates with a total area of 0.12 sq m per exposure were carried out during Skylab via the S-149 experiment. Study of the materials recovered indicates that the S-149 experiment contains important information concerning cosmic dust in the near-earth vicinity. Craters and penetration holes have been found ranging from 135 micron diameter to less than 0.5 micron. A cosmic dust flux curve in the mass range from 10 to the minus 16th to 10 to the minus 7th grams is presented. Evidence is given concerning the directional characteristics of the particles and their breakup in near-earth space is presented.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: AIAA PAPER 74-1226
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  • 7
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    Physical properties of giant planets (1974)
    In:  CASI
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    Publication Date: 2019-07-20
    Description: The chemical identification and physical nature of giant planets are discussed. The phase equilibria of H2-He mixture is briefly described for these large planets.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: NASA-CR-142163
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 8
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    Spectrophotometry of supernovae (1974)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Studies were made of a type II supernova (SN 1970g in M 101) and a type I supernova (SN 1972e in NGC 5253) covering the wavelength range from 3200 to 10,000 A. The absolute spectral energy distributions show that both types have a continuum that varies slowly and uniformly with time and carries the bulk of the radiated flux at early epochs. Some lines in both types have P Cygni profiles: broad emissions with broad absorptions at their violet edges. Some lines are common to both types and persist throughout the evolution of the spectrum.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: Highlights of astronomy. Volume 3; Aug 21, 1973 - Aug 30, 1973; Sydney; Australia
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  • 9
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    Medium resolution stellar spectra in the two-micron region (1974)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: The astrophysical implications of available medium resolution spectra in the limited wavelength range from 1.9 to 2.5 microns are considered. Observational techniques are discussed along with features observable at medium resolution. Attention is given to molecular bands of carbon monoxide, water, and cyanogen. Identified atomic features are related to hydrogen, helium, silicon, magnesium, and titanium. Empirical band strength-color relationships are examined, taking into account carbon monoxide in G5-M8 giants and supergiants, the isotopic C-12/C-13 abundance ratio, and water vapor band strengths in late-type stars.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: Highlights of astronomy. Volume 3; Aug 21, 1973 - Aug 30, 1973; Sydney; Australia
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  • 10
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    The relationship between velocity gradients and magnetic turbulence in the solar wind (1974)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: The correlations among the time derivative of the solar-wind velocity, the magnitude of the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF), and the IMF turbulence level are examined to test the idea that interaction between two colliding solar-wind streams can generate turbulence in the solar wind and the IMF. Data obtained by Explorer 33 on the solar wind and IMF are described, and the analysis techniques are outlined. The results indicate that the IMF turbulence level, as measured by the variance, is correlated with the existence of positive velocity gradients in the solar wind. It is noted that while the variance is an increasing function of the field magnitude, it is also independently correlated with the solar-wind velocity gradient.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: Solar wind three; Third Conference; Mar 25, 1974 - Mar 29, 1974; Pacific Grove, CA
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