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  • 1970-1974  (177,357)
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  • 1
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    Springer
    Publication Date: 2023-11-24
    Description: Calcium carbonate in sediments can greatly effect the engineering properties of those sediments. Factors that may effect engineering properties are: 1) great variation in primary void ratios, (2) inherent strength of carbonate grains, (3) degree of sorting, (4) ratio between grains and matrix, (5) nature and amount of cement, and (6) depth of burial. Deep-sea carbonates appear to be anomalous but do exist in rather large quantities. Their existence must depend upon a combination of physico-chemical and organic-chemical factors that need to be investigated in much more detail.
    Type: Book chapter , NonPeerReviewed
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2022-03-10
    Description: Mineral resources on and beneath the seafloor are briefly reviewed and the present and future economic value of specific mineral resources is discussed. The results obtained from the cruises of the German research vessel "Valdivia" during its first three years of operation are presented.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2020-11-05
    Description: Analyses of bottom trawl samples and feeding experiments in the laboratory revealed a reproduction period ranging from late March to early August in Eledone cirrosa of the Catalonian Sea (Western Mediterranean). The embryonic development, studied for the first time on eggs laid in the laboratory, shows no basic difference from that of other Octopodiae. The newly hatched animals are planctonic; Morphologically, this feature is expressed by a relatively small arm-length.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2020-11-05
    Description: Five species of Sepiola were reared in the laboratory from egg to adult size. Spawning was achieved in 3 species of Sepiola afteer 5 to 7 months. The growth rate of the species reared did not depend upon temperature, which ranged from 12,5° to 20°C. A fairly constant size increase (2,5mm mantle length/month) was observed in Sepiola during the 5 months after hatching. In Sepietta, the same growth rate was observed until the fourth month after hatching, when it increased to the rate of 5 mm mantle length/month.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
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  • 5
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    Springer
    In:  Marine Biology, 19 . pp. 7-12.
    Publication Date: 2020-11-05
    Description: The problems of reproduction of Octopus vulgaris and the seasonal distribution in the sea of planctonic larvae, benthonic juveniles and adults are discussed. The influence of environmental factors on growth is shown by experimental studies in the laboratory, and the difficulties of interpreting field data are emphazised.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
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  • 6
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    Springer
    In:  Marine Biology, 9 (1). pp. 9-25.
    Publication Date: 2020-07-14
    Description: A technique for rearing the loliginid squids Sepioteuthis sepioidea and Doryteuthis plei is reported. Specimens of the former were reared from eggs to sexually mature adults, and maintained for a maximum of 146 days; adult D. plei were maintained for 38 days. Choice and quantity of food was most important for the survival of all sizes, particularly young squid. Newly hatched specimens thrived on Mysidium columbiae. Both species fed at a rate of 30 to 60% of their body weight daily; starvation occurred when intake fell below 10 to 15%. Food conversion efficiency averaged between 10 to 20%. Growth was rapid and steady. S. sepioidea grew to a maximum of 105 mm and 77 g in less than 5 months; D. plei grew an estimated 20 mm/month. Experimental data indicate a lethal minimum salinity for both species at about 27‰. Lethal minimum and maximum temperatures for young S. sepioidea are 17.5° to 18.0°C, and 32.5° to 33.0°C, respectively. Young consume 0.64μl O2/mg wet weight/h. Opaque tanks, with a semi-natural bottom substrate and special ultra-violet (UV) illumination, are advantageous for rearing and maintenance.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
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  • 7
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    Springer
    In:  Water, Air, and Soil Pollution, 1 (4). pp. 452-461.
    Publication Date: 2020-04-28
    Description: The bottom sediments of Sörfjord, West Norway, contain unusually high concentrations of Ag, Ba, Bi, Cd, Cu, In, Pb, Sb, Sn, and Zn. The concentrations of Zn and Pb reach ∼ 10% by weight in some sediments. The concentrations of most of the elements are positively correlated, those of Pb, Cd, and Cu with Zn being particularly well developed; correlations also exist between Sb and Zn, and Ag and Cu. The concentrations of the metals in the bottom sediments decrease southwards and northwards from a locality close to a source of industrial waste.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
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  • 8
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    Springer
    In:  Zeitschrift fuer Morphologie und Oekologie der Tiere, 51 (2). pp. 227-260.
    Publication Date: 2020-04-21
    Description: 1. Es wird eine neue Hydroidenart — Clavopsella quadranularia —aus der Kieler Forte beschrieben, deren wesentliches Merkmal die Tentakelstellung in bis zu vier Kreisen ist, die dicht unter dem Mundkegel zusammengedrängt stehen. 2. Da these Tentakelstellung den Diagnosen der Clavidae sowohl wie der der Bougainvilliidae widerspricht, war es notwendig, fur these Gattung und die Gattung Balella STECHOW 1919 (Synonym: BaleaNutting 1905), die mit zwei Tentakelkränzen versehen ist, die Familie der Cl 3. Bei der Bildung der Kolonien wechseln Gonosom und Trophosom regelmäßig ab, was dadurch zustande kommt, daß die Seitenhydranthen bzw. -zweige an den Stellen entstehen, an denen zuvor ein Gonophor gestanden hat. 4. Die Gonophoren der weiblichen Kolonien Bind heteromedusoid, diejenigen der M ännchen styloid. 5. Auf Grund der Beobachtungen während eines ganzen Jahres werden Biologie und Ökologie von Clavopsella quadranularia beschrieben. Experimente über die Resistenz gegenüber dem Salzgehalt zeigen, daß es sich um ein euryhalines Meerestier handelt, das auch rein marines Gebiet besiedeln kann. 6. Das styloide Gonophor der männlichen Kolonien könnte nach dem Homologiekriterium der Lagegleichheit in vergleichbaren Gefügesystemen (Remane 1952) als ein polypoides Styloid (Kü HN 1913) gedeutet werden. Dem widersprechen aber nach den Homologiekriterien der speziellen Qualität der Struktur und der Verknüpfung lurch Zwischenformen die Verhältnisse bei den weiblichen Kolonien, bei denen die medusoiden Gonophoren zudem noch in ganz entsprechender Weise angeordnet sind. Die männlichen Gonophoren sind demnach auch als Medusoide anzusehen. 7. Die von Kühn (1913) aufgestellten Typen des styloiden Gonophors werden diskutiert, und es wird festgestellt, daß das organoide Styloid eine rein theoretische Möglichkeit darstellt, in der Natur aber bisher nicht beobachtet werden konnte. Am Beispiel von C. quadranularia wind auf Grunt des Geschlechtsdimorphismus gezeigt, daß die fur polypoide Gonophoren sprechenden Merkmale in gleicher Weise in Kombination mit medusoiden Gonophoren auftreten können. Damit entfallen alle Kriterien fur polypoide Gonophoren. Bei den Thecata treten im fertilen Blastostyl polypoide Gonophoren auf, da das Blastostyl einem Hydranthen homolog ist. Um die Vorstellung auszuschließen, daß sich ein Gonophor lurch Einwanderung von Keimzellen aus einem Hydranthen entwickeln könnte, sollte der Begriff „polypoides Gonophor” ganz fortfallen und durch den Begriff „fertiles Blastostyl” ersetzt werden, das als letztes Stadium einer Medusoidreihe anzusehen ist. Von den drei Styloidtypen Kühns bleibt daher nur das medusoide Styloid — einfach „Styloid” genannt — bestehen, dem bei den Thecata als ein weiterer Reduktionsschritt das fertile Blastostyl folgen kann. Daraus ergibt sick, daß alle sessilen Gonophoren der Hydroiden einer Medusenreduktionsreihe angehören! 8. Aus diesem Ergebnis läBt sich ableiten, daB nicht ein Polyp sondern ein Meduse oder eine metagenetische Art als Stammform der Hydrozoen anzusehen ist
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  • 9
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    Springer
    In:  In: Meereskunde der Ostsee. , ed. by Magaard, L. and Rheinheimer, G. Springer, Berlin, pp. 33-41.
    Publication Date: 2019-09-23
    Type: Book chapter , NonPeerReviewed
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2019-01-21
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
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