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  • ASTRONOMY  (1,188)
  • 1975-1979  (1,188)
  • 1940-1944
  • 1
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    Absorption lines in the spectra of distant objects (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-01-16
    Description: Studies that can be carried out with the Space Telescope of absorption line systems which may be expected to occur in the spectra of distant objects are discussed. The phenomenology of quasar absorption line systems is described and the principal suggested explanations are summarized. It is proposed that the numerous Ly-alpha systems are caused by 'extremely large hydrogenic halos around galaxies or clusters of galaxies. Two tests are also described for the origins of known absorption systems, the results of which will favor either the cosmological or intrinsic hypothesis. Absorption lines that are likely to be strongest are listed and a sample observing program is presented.
    Keywords: ASTRONOMY
    Type: NASA. Marshall Space Flight Center Sci. Res. with the Space Telescope; p 215-240
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  • 2
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    Space telescope observations of normal galaxies (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-01-16
    Description: Observations of the stellar content of galaxies are discussed. Specific emphasis is placed on the following two types of observation: (1) those objects near enough to observe individual stars; and (2) those so distant that only their integrated light can be observed.
    Keywords: ASTRONOMY
    Type: NASA. Marshall Space Flight Center Sci. Res. with the Space Telescope; p 165-180
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  • 3
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    Population statistics of faint stellar and non-stellar objects (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-01-16
    Description: A disc and halo population model is constructed to fit star counts and color data down to V approximately 23 at absolute value of b = 90 deg. This model is used to predict star counts and colors down to V approximately 30. Deviations from these extrapolated relationships provide constraints on the number of faint quasars and black dwarf stars. It is shown that extra-galactic globular clusters start contributing significantly to star counts at V approximately 25 and are more numerous than stars for V 31. Morphological studies of galaxies with approximately 0.5, were made with the space telescope. Significant constraints on theoretical models that describe the evolution of clusters of galaxies are provided.
    Keywords: ASTRONOMY
    Type: NASA. Marshall Space Flight Center Sci. Res. with the Space Telescope; p 151-164
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  • 4
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    The space telescope observatory (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-01-16
    Description: A guide to the expected characteristics of the space telescope (ST) observatory is presented. The general objectives of the ST observatory are summarized. The plans for the development of the observatory are described with a brief history of the scientific activities; an account of the scope of the present program; a summary of the major responsibilities of the contractors; and a list of the project milestones are included. The performance characteristics of the observatory are provided including the imaging and stray light characteristics, pointing capability, and operational access. The expected performance characteristics of all six of the first generation science instruments are summarized. The mode of operations is described which includes a discussion of program options, guide star selection, methods of acquisition, and quick look data capabilities.
    Keywords: ASTRONOMY
    Type: Sci. Res. with the Space Telescope; p 5-46
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  • 5
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    Radio astronomers, X-ray astronomers and the space telescope (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-01-16
    Description: The use of the Space Telescope and the study of objects in the radio and X-ray wavebands, particularly extragalactic objects, are discussed. The scientific objectives of a number of projects which involve observations with the Space Telescope are described.
    Keywords: ASTRONOMY
    Type: NASA. Marshall Space Flight Center Sci. Res. with the Space Telescope; p 241-262
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  • 6
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    Planetary astronomy with the space telescope (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-01-16
    Description: Experimental methods in planetary astronomy are discussed using a comparison of the advantages and disadvantages in the astronomical methods of ground based, Earth-orbit, and deep space missions. Problem areas in planetary astronomy which demonstrate the utility and power of the space telescope (ST) over other methods are delineated. These include utilizing the ST for studying the atmospheric dynamics, stratospheric and upper atmospheric processes, and circumplanetary nebulae of the planets. The capability of the ST for solar system observations is summarized with a discussion of the increases in resolution and sensitivity of the ST over other Earth-orbiting telescopes highlighted.
    Keywords: ASTRONOMY
    Type: NASA. Marshall Space Flight Center Sci. Res. with the Space Telescope; p 47-75
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  • 7
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    Direct determination of asteroid diameters from occultation observations (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: Of the available earth-based techniques for determining asteroid diameters, observation of stellar occultations involving asteroids is clearly the most direct. The high degree of accuracy achievable by this method has already been demonstrated in the case of Pallas, whose mean diameter has been measured with a standard error of plus or minus 2%. In this paper the problems, results and prospects of the stellar occultation technique are reviewed. It is shown that, with the use of a network of small, portable telescopes, the method is currently applicable to a large number of asteroids. The best results can be expected for asteroids of large angular diameter and regular shape. The potential of lunar occultation observations for asteroid diameter measurements is also briefly discussed.
    Keywords: ASTRONOMY
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  • 8
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    Proper elements and family memberships of the asteroids (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: The proper elements tabulated are calculated according to the secular perturbation theory of Williams (1969); the free oscillations are referred to a zero value for the proper argument of perihelion. The secular theory for the planets is taken from Brouwer and van Woerkom (1950). Families with numbers smaller than 100 are reasonably close matches to families found by previous investigators. Families with numbers greater than 100 are new to this work. Guidelines for use of the table are given.
    Keywords: ASTRONOMY
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  • 9
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    Colorimetry and magnitudes of asteroids (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: In the present paper, 1500 UBV observations are analyzed by a new rather general multiple scattering theory which provided clear insight into previously poorly-recognized optical nature of asteroid surfaces. Thus, phase curves are shown to consist of a surface-texture controlled component, due to singly scattered light, and a component due to multiple scattering. Phase curve shapes can be characterized by a single parameter, the multiple scattering factor, Q. As Q increases, the relative importance of the opposition effect diminishes. Asteroid surfaces are particulate and strikingly similar to texture, being moderately porous and moderately rough on a scale greater than the wavelength of light. In concequence, Q (and also the phase coefficient) correlate well with geometric albedo, and there exists a purely photometric means of determining albedos and diameters.
    Keywords: ASTRONOMY
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  • 10
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    Families of minor planets (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: Physical studies of individual family members show that at least the Themis, Eos, Koronis, Nysa/Hertha, and Budrosa families of minor planets are the result of the breakup of discrete parent bodies. Only a few families have been studied in detail, and even in those few cases, the full force of observational techniques has not been applied. Crucial for the understanding of families and their parent bodies are detailed physical studies of family members; precise mineralogical interpretation of observational data to identify the geochemistry of the parent bodies; and studies of the collisional evolution of family members.
    Keywords: ASTRONOMY
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