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  • 1
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    In:  CASI
    Publication Date: 2018-06-09
    Description: Conditions on the perimeter of a forest fire can be obtained by use of airborne remote sensing techniques demonstrated by Ames Research Center. An Ames U-2 high-altitude survey aircraft served as an aerial fire observation system. Equipped with two types of sensors, the U-2 produces real-time infrared images of fireground scenes. Information acquired by the U-2's scanners defines the fire boundary and aids fire management decisions by showing the size, shape and direction of burn and the locations of hot spots in the fire zone. U-2 sends sensor date in digital form to an antenna at Ames Research Center. There the data is computer processed into images which are overlaid on U.S. Geological Survey topographical maps of the fire area. Maps are then transmitted by telecopy machine directly to fire control center. Whole process takes less than 10 minutes and the U-2 can provide information for up to five hours. Ames antenna can pick up signals from the U-2 anywhere within a 300 mile radius from Ames.
    Keywords: Earth Resources and Remote Sensing
    Type: Spinoff 1982; 120
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 2
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    In:  CASI
    Publication Date: 2018-06-09
    Description: Citrus growers have long used aerial photography to inventory the number of groves in production. A new development at Kennedy Space Center, aerial mapping of groves with color infrared (CIR) film, affords an important advance in grove management by detecting and locating unhealthy trees long before they could be detected by ground survey methods. Aerial CIR photography picks up light reflected from foliage-- light not visible to the human eye--and enables differentiation between healthy and "stressed" (diseased) trees of a Florida orange/grapefruit grove. Computer aided photo interpretation techniques permit grading diseased trees lightly, moderately or severely stressed or dead. Method of grove mapping has offered advantage to growers in early disease warning, possible savings through water regulation and provision of a permanent record of grove growth patterns.
    Keywords: Earth Resources and Remote Sensing
    Type: Spinoff 1980; 115
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 3
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    In:  CASI
    Publication Date: 2018-06-09
    Description: Images are prepared from data acquired by the multispectral scanner aboard Landsat, which views Earth in four ranges of the electromagnetic spectrum, two visible bands and two infrared. Scanner picks up radiation from ground objects and converts the radiation signatures to digital signals, which are relayed to Earth and recorded on tape. Each tape contains "pixels" or picture elements covering a ground area; computerized equipment processes the tapes and plots each pixel, line be line to produce the basic image. Image can be further processed to correct sensor errors, to heighten contrast for feature emphasis or to enhance the end product in other ways. Key factor in conversion of digital data to visual form is precision of processing equipment. Jet Propulsion Laboratory prepared a digital mosaic that was plotted and enhanced by Optronics International, Inc. by use of the company's C-4300 Colorwrite, a high precision, high speed system which manipulates and analyzes digital data and presents it in visual form on film. Optronics manufactures a complete family of image enhancement processing systems to meet all users' needs. Enhanced imagery is useful to geologists, hydrologists, land use planners, agricultural specialists geographers and others.
    Keywords: Earth Resources and Remote Sensing
    Type: Spinoff 1982; 104-105
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 4
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    In:  CASI
    Publication Date: 2018-06-09
    Description: ATM (Airborne Thematic Mapper) was developed for NSTL (National Space Technology Companies) by Daedalus Company. It offers expanded capabilities for timely, accurate and cost effective identification of areas with prospecting potential. A related system is TIMS, Thermal Infrared Multispectral Scanner. Originating from Landsat 4, it is also used for agricultural studies, etc.
    Keywords: Earth Resources and Remote Sensing
    Type: Spinoff 1983; 122
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The free-surface model presented is for tidal estuaries and coastal regions where ambient tidal forces play an important role in the dispersal of heated water. The model is time dependent, three dimensional, and can handle irregular bottom topography. The vertical stretching coordinate is adopted for better treatment of kinematic condition at the water surface. The results include surface elevation, velocity, and temperature. The model was verified at the Anclote Anchorage site of Florida Power Company. Two data bases at four tidal stages for winter and summer conditions were used to verify the model. Differences between measured and predicted temperatures are on an average of less than 1 C.
    Keywords: Earth Resources and Remote Sensing
    Type: NASA-CR-165623-VOL-6 , TR-43-4-VOL-6
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 6
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    Unknown
    In:  CASI
    Publication Date: 2019-08-28
    Description: Method and apparatus for making in-situ measurements of flow resistivity on the Earth's ground surface. The novel feature of the invention is two concentric cylinders, 22 and 23, inserted into the ground surface 24 with a measured pressure 21 applied to the surface inside the inner cylinder 22. The outer cylinder 23 vents a plane B-B beneath the surface to the atmosphere through an air space 28. The flow to the inner cylinder is measured (16) thereby indicating the flow from the surface to the plane beneath the surface.
    Keywords: Earth Resources and Remote Sensing
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 7
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    Unknown
    In:  CASI
    Publication Date: 2019-08-16
    Description: General Electric's Space Systems Division, which builds the satellites for NASA's Landsat, also manufactures equipment for ground processing of data, and offers Landsat image analysis to a variety of users. GEOPAK, the most recent service provided by GE's Earth Resources Applications, is a Landsat geologic reconnaissance package that enables exploration geologists to quickly evaluate large areas of Earth for resource potential. Its advantage is that it provides a packaged analysis in six weeks that would otherwise require months and many miles of surface examination to accomplish.
    Keywords: Earth Resources and Remote Sensing
    Type: Spinoff 1982; 102-103
    Format: application/pdf
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