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  • Physical Chemistry  (593)
  • Biochemistry  (373)
  • Wiley-Blackwell  (960)
  • Springer  (6)
  • 1980-1984  (966)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chemical analysis of the wall of the yeast form of Taphrina deformans (1983)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 135 (1983), S. 141-146 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Biochemistry ; Chimiotaxonomy ; Fungus wall ; Taphrina deformans
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Glucose is the main component of the cell wall of the yeast form of Taphrina deformans. On the other hand the glucosamine content is very low (less than 1%). Other sugars are mannose, galactose and rhamnose; their content depends on the age of the cultures. The protein content is less than 5% and lipids less than 2%. Most of the isolated cell wall is alkalisoluble: the insoluble fraction is less than 8% of the total wall. Three polysaccharides have been detected: an α-glucan containing mostly α(1→3) and perhaps a few α(1→4) glycosidic linkages, a β-glucan containing β(1→3) and β(1→6) linkages, and a heteropolysaccharide fraction containing mannose, galactose and rhamnose. Chitin, if present, forms no more than 2‰ of the total wall. The biochemical characteristics of the cell wall of the yeast form of T. deformans distinguish it from that of filamentous Ascomycetes and Basidiomycetes and also of most of the yeasts. It is with the Schizosaccharomyces wall that they have the most features in common.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00408024
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cytochemical and biochemical observations on the cell wall of the spore ofGlomus epigaeum (1984)
    Springer
    Protoplasma 123 (1984), S. 140-151 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Keywords: Biochemistry ; Cell wall ; Chitin ; Cytochemistry ; Glomus epigaeum ; Spore
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The cell wall of the spore ofGlomus epigaeum Daniels and Trappe, which has fibrillar subunits regularly arranged in arcs, was studied ultrastructurally and biochemically. The periodic acid/thiocarbohydrazide/silver proteinate (PATAg) reaction for polysaccharide location (Thiéry 1967) and the silver methenamine reaction for protein location (Swift 1968) were performed on whole spores, progressively alkaline-extracted and autoclaved spores, and untreated and alkaline-extracted cell wall fractions. The cytochemical results and those obtained from frozen sections indicated that the fibrils forming the main structure of the outer and inner wall consist of chitin. Quantitative determinations showed that chitin is the most important component (47%) of the alkali-insoluble residue and represents 27.2% of the whole cell wall fraction. It occurs predominantly as the acetylated form. Cytochemical and biochemical observations showed that the matrix surrounding the fibrils is made of alkali-soluble, PATAg positive polysaccharides (4.98% of the whole cell wall fraction). Monomers were identified by gas liquid chromatography as being γ-lactone of glucuronic acid, and glucose, rhamnose and mannose. Alkali-soluble proteins are an important part of the matrix, being spread mostly throughout the inner wall and constituting a large portion (55.1 %) of the alkali-soluble fraction. From the results we derive a model in which the chemical components are interconnected to build up a macromolecular network, in agreement with electron-microscopic observations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01283584
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Absorption of dietary triacylglycerol by lipolysis and lipid resynthesis in the mesenteron of larvalAeshna cyanea (insecta, odonata) (1984)
    Springer
    Protoplasma 123 (1984), S. 57-69 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Keywords: Insect midgut ; Lipid absorption ; Cytology ; Biochemistry ; Radioactive oleic acid
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Voluntary uptake of triolein, margarine, and lipid-rich natural food (Tubifex) by fasting dragonfly larvae (Aeshna cyanea) led to heavy accumulations of lipid absorption droplets in the enterocytes within 2 days, while subsequent lipid clearance of the midgut epithelium took several weeks depending on the ingested lipid load. No endocytotic lipid uptake was observed after application of a molecular-dispersed fat dye. The smallest lipid droplets first appeared in the subapical groundplasm of the enterocytes and showed a reversible increase in size on their way towards the base. Lipid droplets were also observed at appropriate intervals after oral administration of oleic acid, after feeding margarine in the cold, and after injection of triolein into the isolated midgut. Comparative biochemical analysis after triolein feeding evidenced release of lipase and hydrolytic liberation of FA from TG in the midgut lumen, as well as time-dependent accumulations of TG in the midgut epithelium and of DG in the hemolymph. Oral injection of [14C] oleic acid was followed by its rapid absorption into the midgut epithelium, where it was utilized for the synthesis of MG and esterification to DG and TG. Discharge of radioactive lipid into the hemolymph occurred in the form of FA and DG, while the rectal fat body showed approximately equal labeling of the FA, DG, and TG fractions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01283182
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Biochemical composition of microfilarial and adult stages ofSetaria cervi (1980)
    Springer
    Parasitology research 62 (1980), S. 85-93 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1955
    Keywords: Biochemistry ; Nematodes ; Filariae ; Setaria cervi
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The microfilariae and adults ofSetaria cervi, a filarial parasite of Indian water-buffalo (Bubalus bubalis Linn.) and of other ruminants were analysed for various biochemical constituents. Both stages of the parasite were rich in protein, carbohydrate, and lipids while nucleic acids were detectable in only small amounts. Microfilariae and adults contained 10 and 25% dry matter, 57.4 and 63.0% protein, 8.9 and 14.8% carbohydrate, and 12.8 and 9.2% lipid, respectively. Reducing sugars accounted for 52 and 67% respectively of the total carbohydrate in these two stages. Glycogen accounted for 95% of total carbohydrate in the cold PCA soluble fraction of adult worms while its concentration in microfilariae was very low. Glucose was the main constitutent of reducing sugars while concentrations of fructose were very low. Microfilariae contained more lipids, nucleic acids, mucopolysaccharides, and total phosphorus than adults. The phospholipid percentage was higher in microfilariae than in adults. The amino acid pattern of both stages was very similar.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00925369
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of colchicine on the intracellular transport of 3H-fucose-labelled glycoproteins in the absorptive cells of cultured human small-intestinal tissue (1981)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 215 (1981), S. 1-12 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Colchicine ; Human enterocyte ; Glycoprotein transport ; Autoradiography ; Biochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The effect of colchicine on the intracellular transport of 3H-fucose-labelled glycoproteins in the absorptive cells of cultured biopsy specimens of the human intestine was investigated by light- and electron-microscopical autoradiography and by biochemical methods. The results showed a decrease in the radioactivity of the cell coat on the microvilli and an increase in the Golgi apparatus and in the apical vesicles and tubules. This divergence is attributed to a colchicine-induced impairment of the normal transport of cell-coat glycoproteins from the Golgi apparatus, via the apical vesicles and tubules, to the apex of the cell. The radioactivity of the lysosome-like bodies in the absorptive cells cultured with colchicine also increased. This finding supports a crinophagic function of these organelles in the degradation of excess cell-coat material. The investigations were supported in part by the Foundation for Medical Research (FUNGO), which is subsidized by the Netherlands Organisation for the Advancement of Pure Research
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00236244
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    p-Chlorophenylalanine-induced proliferation of the seminal vesicle epithelium (1981)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 219 (1981), S. 159-172 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Seminal vesicles ; Proliferation ; Autoradiography ; Biochemistry ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Intraperitoneal injection of p-chlorophenylalanine (pCPA) methylester (100 mg/kg body weight) results in an activation of the lysosomal system of the secretory cells in the rat seminal vesicle and an elevation of the activities of lysosomal enzymes within 15 min following the injection. Large autophagic vacuoles are formed, sequestering rough endoplasmic reticulum and part of the Golgi apparatus within 2 h. Shortly after the activation of the lysosomal system an elevation of both DNA and protein synthesis is measured biochemically. 6 h subsequent to the injection a wave of mitoses of the secretory cells begins, reaching a maximum 6 h later and then declining within 3 h. About 12 h following the injection a second rise in lysosomal activity begins, declining within 24 h. The entire sequence of lysosomal and proliferative activities is inhibited in antiandrogen-pretreated rats. Deduced from these findings the following hypothesis of growth regulation of the accessory sex glands is advanced: enhanced loss of intracellular material during autophagocytosis diminishes the intracellular concentration of a substance curtailing cell division below its effective threshold resulting in division of the secretory cells. The prerequisites of this mechanism are (i) a sufficient distributive capacity of the stroma for hormones (androgens) and metabolic precursors, and (ii) sufficient capacity of the basal cells for transporting the precursors to the secretory cells. Sloughing of the secretory cells separates them from these auxiliary structures (stroma and basal cells) and enables the basal cells to divide.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00210025
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Biochemistry of the polyamines (1983)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 1 (1983), S. 131-140 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Biochemistry ; polyamines ; putrescine ; spermidine ; spermine ; ornithine decarboxylase ; biosynthesis ; cell proliferation ; oxidized polyamines ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The naturally-occurring polyamines exist in the free form, as N-acetyl derivatives and bound to protein. Their biosynthesis is subject to sensitive control, particularly of ornithine decarboxylase. This enzyme may be multifunctional and a key regulatory protein. Studies, principally with selective inhibitors, have elucidated the roles of polyamines in cell proliferation. Oxidized polyamines, in contrast, can be potent mitotic inhibitors. These effects are reviewed in terms of their chemistry and biochemistry. Their principal distinctions are that they can be made or degraded intracellularly, they can associate electrostatically with macromolecules by means of their spaced cationic groups, and these can be readily converted to covalent bonds.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cbf.290010302
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The C4H4CO potential surface. Reactions involving bicyclo[2.1.0]pentenone (1980)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Computational Chemistry 1 (1980), S. 129-133 
    Details
    ISSN: 0192-8651
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Biochemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science
    Notes: MNDO and MINDO/3 calculations were used to study the photochemical formation, thermal rearrangements, and dissociation of bicyclo[2.1.0]pentenone. The “forbidden” thermal conversion to cyclopentadienone requires little activation, which accounts for the low kinetic stability of bicyclo[2.1.0]pentenone. The theoretical results seem to be compatible with the available experimental evidence for the tri-tert-butyl-substituted systems and suggest an explanation for observed differences in reactivity.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcc.540010204
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On the relative importance of core and valence shell representations in the calculation of conformational energies using small Gaussian basis sets (1980)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Computational Chemistry 1 (1980), S. 134-140 
    Details
    ISSN: 0192-8651
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Biochemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science
    Notes: Several “core-deficient” small Gaussian basis sets were constructed and analyzed in terms of the balance requirements of functions that contribute predominantly to the core. Variations in the conformational energy barriers and geometrical parameters for ammonia and ethane, calculated with these basis sets, were analyzed with a gradient technique. A scheme for the reduction of the size of molecular basis sets is proposed.
    Additional Material: 4 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcc.540010205
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A note on density matrix extrapolation and multiple solutions of the unrestricted Hartree-Fock equations (1980)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Computational Chemistry 1 (1980), S. 178-180 
    Details
    ISSN: 0192-8651
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Biochemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science
    Notes: Unrestricted Hartree-Fock (UHF) SCF-MO calculations on the doublet reaction surface for the addition of methylidyne (CH) to ethylene (C2H4) using the standard extrapolation techniques of the GAUSSIAN 70 program show erratic behavior. On the other hand, the potential energy surface calculated without extrapolation of the density matrix and by using the final density matrix of a neighboring point as the initial guess for the density matrix for the new point gave a smooth potential curve without any kinks or erratic pattern. Therefore, the density extrapolation technique should be used with particular caution in UHF calculations.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcc.540010210
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