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  • Life and Medical Sciences  (4,025)
  • 1980-1984  (3,416)
  • 1940-1944  (609)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    12-0-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetatea and concanavalin a enhance glucose uptake in thymocytes by different mechanisms (1983)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 117 (1983), S. 183-188 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The effects of the tumor promoter 12-0-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) and the plant lectin concanavalin A (Con A) on glucose uptake in murine thymocytes were studied. TPA induces a rapid dose-dependent increase in the uptake of 2-deoxyglucose and in the transport of 3-0-methylglucose. Con A also elicits a time- and dose-dependent enhancement of 2-deoxyglucose uptake. The effect of Con A, however, is less pronounced. The effect of combined treatment of thymocytes with Con A and TPA is not additive. Cytochalasin B completely inhibits the basal, as well as TPA- and Con A-enhanced, 2-deoxyglucose uptake. Dexamethasone markedly inhibits basal 2-deoxyglucose uptake, but is less inhibitory to enhanced 2-deoxyglucose uptake induced by TPA and Con A. The effect of TPA on 2-deoxyglucose uptake and 3-0-methylglucose transport is refractory to inhibition by isobutyl methylxanthine, dibutyryl cyclic AMP, and ethyleneglycol tetraacetic acid. These agents markedly inhibit the enhancement of 2-deoxyglucose (2-DOG) uptake by Con A. p-Bromophenacyl bromide, an inhibitor of phospholipase A2, also selectively inhibits Con A enhancement of 2-DOG uptake. Taken together, the results suggest that Con A and TPA exert their stimulatory effect on glucose uptake by different activating mechanisms, but they may share a final common transport pathway.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1041170208
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [125I]EGF binding ability is stable throughout the replicative life-span of WI-38 cells (1983)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 114 (1983), S. 311-316 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Using a serum-free medium supplemented with hormones and growth factors, which included epidermal growth factor (EGF), we investigated the binding and processing-degradation of [125I]EGF in WI-38 cells of various in vitro ages. The binding and processing-degradation systems of these cells remained esentially unchanged throughout their lifespan. The number of specific [125I]EGF binding sites per cell increased as the cultures senesced, thought the number of specific binding sites per μm2(surface area) remained constant. The kinetics of ligand degradation as well as the qualitative and quantitative nature of the degradation products also remained essentially unchanged throughout the life-span. The only consistent alteration in any of the binding parameters measured was the slight decrease in the apparent kd of the ligand-receptor complex, independent of temperature. Quantitation of EGF-stimulated DNA synthesis revealed a decrease in the percentage of cells incorporating [3H]thymidine ([3H]TdR) during a 30-h exposure from 45% in young cells to 0.25% in senescent cells, although [125I]EGF binding or processing-degradation did not differ significantly in yong and old cells. Thus, EGF binding does not decrease in senescence.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1041140309
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin: Examination of biochemical effects involved in the proliferation and differentiation of XB cells (1984)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 121 (1984), S. 143-151 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: XB, a cell line derived from a mouse teratoma, differentiates into stratified squamous epithelium when incubated with 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD). To examine the possible biochemical mediators of this response, we compared the effects produced by TCDD to those elicited by other compounds which stimulate epidermal proliferation and/or differentiation in mice. XB/3T3 cultures keratinize when incubated with cholera toxin, epidermal growth factor (EGF), or TCDD, but not 12-0-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA). Incubation of XB cells with TCDD (10-9M) for 48 hours produces a 20% increase in thymidine incorporation, a response which is neither as large nor as rapid as that produced by cholera toxin, TPA, or EGF. Although both cholera toxin and TCDD stimulate differentiation and thymidine incorporation in XB/3T3 cultures, cholera toxin increases cAMP 30-fold in these cells, while TCDD does not affect cAMP accumulation at any of the times studies (15 min to 120 hours). Inhibitors of arachidonic acid metabolism, which block epidermal proliferative responses to TPA in vivo, do not prevent the differentiation of XB cell in response to TCDD. In XB/3T3 cultures, TPA stimulates arachidonic acid release at all times tested (1, 6, and 24 hours) and increases the incorporation of 32Pi into total phospholipids and phosphatidylcholine after 3 hours. In contrast, TCDD affects neither arachidonic acid release nor the turnover of phosphatidylinositol or phosphatidylcholine at any of the times tested. Although we examined biochemical effects which have been suggested as part of the mechanism of TCDD and which are produced by other epidermal proliferative compounds in XB cells, no mediator of the TCDD-produced differentiation of XB/3T3 cultures was observed.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1041210118
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    22Na+ and 86Rb+ fluxes in spermatozoa and oocytes of arbacia punctulata (1982)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Gamete Research 6 (1982), S. 135-143 
    Details
    ISSN: 0148-7280
    Keywords: sperm ; oocyte ; 22Na+ ; 86Rb+ ; fluxes ; Arbacia ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The fluxes of 22Na+ and 86Rb+ in Arbacia sperm and oocytes were studied in order to determine how these cells carry out cation exchange with the sea environment. The uptake of these ions by serum followed a pattern of early rapid influx (initial 0.5 min) and subsequent efflux (1-3 min) followed by a gradual uptake (after 3 min). Neither the uptake nor the efflux of these cations by Arbacia sperm were affected by ouabain, suggesting that influx and efflux of 22Na+ and 86Rb+ in Arbacia sperm occur predominantly by passive transport. The 22Na+ uptake by Arbacia oocytes showed a steady increase after an initial rapid uptake. A slight but significant inhibition of 22Na+ uptake was observed with ouabain. However, 86Rb+ uptake by the oocytes reached an early equilibrium and was not affected by ouabain. The uptake of Rb+ by Arbacia oocyte is by passive transport while that of Na+ is both by passive and active transport.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrd.1120060207
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    25-Hydroxycholesterol-induced elevation in 45Ca uptake: Correlation with depressed DNA synthesis (1984)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 120 (1984), S. 151-156 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The mechanism whereby 25-hydroxycholesterol, an inhibitor of the synthesis of cholesterol, depresses DNA synthesis in cycling P815 mastocytoma cells was investigated. The uptake of 45Ca into P815 cells treated with 1 μg/ml 25-hydroxycholesterol began to rise above control levels by 6 hours after initiation of treatment and was increased tenfold by 15 hours. Kinetic data of calcium uptake indicated the presence of at least two components of calcium uptake, fast and slow. The fast phase of calcium exchange at the cell surface was changed little by treatment with 25-hydroxycholesterol. The slow phase of calcium exchange with the intracellular compartment was markedly affected by treatment with the inhibitor, there being a large increase in the flux and half-time of uptake, and a fall in the rate constant. This resulted in a large elevation of the intracellular compartment size. Incorporation of [3H]thymidine into DNA began to decline between 9 and 12 hours posttreatment in these cultures. Uptake of calcium and depression of DNA synthesis were shown to be directly reiated to the dose of 25-hydroxycholesterol used. The changes in 45Ca uptake and DNA synthesis due to 25-hydroxycholesterol treatment were abolished by addition of exogenous cholesterol to the incubation medium. The results are consistent with the hypothesis that 25-hydroxycholesterol, by inhibiting cholesterol production, depresses DNA synthesis via an elevation in the uptake of calcium into the cell to a level incompatible with continued DNA replication.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1041200207
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    3-Aminobenzamide is lethal to MMS-damaged human fibroblasts primarily during s phase (1984)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 120 (1984), S. 345-353 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: 3-Aminobenzamide (3-AB) interferes with DNA repair and enhances lethality in growing MMS (methyl methane sulfonate)-treated human fibroblasts. This sensitivity to 3-AB disappears slowly; MMS-treated cells are sensitive to 3-AB for up to 36 hours (Boorstein and Pardee, 1984). Evidence is now presented that 3-AB potentiates the effects of MMS primarily during S phase. When cells were synchronized at the G1/S boundary, released, and then treated with MMS, 3-AB caused very substantial lethality in only 4 hours, and a 12-hour treatment gave maximum lethality. These cells also lost sensitivity to 3-AB within 12 hours of growth minus 3-AB. In contrast, MMS-treated quiescent (G0) cells did not lose sensitivity to 3-AB nor did 3-AB cause lethality during G0. Enhanced lethality occurred when damaged G0-arrested cells were subsequently allowed to proceed through S phase in the presence of 3-AB; this 3-AB sensitivity was removed only during growth in the absence of 3-AB. The lethality of 3-AB to a population of asynchronously cycling cells treated with MMS is thus the summation of effects on the cells as they traverse S phase. Aphidicolin prevenced lethality of 3-AB to cells released from G1/S and treated with MMS. It also inhibited the loss of sensitivity to added 3-AB later. Correlation with the inhibition of DNA synthesis by this drug suggests that DNA synthesis is essential for the lethality enhancement by 3-AB. Cells treated first with MMS and then with 3-AB accumulated in G2. This G2 arrest depended on S-phase events and correlated with cell lethality. Cells treated with a nonlethal dose of MMS at the G1/S boundary were delayed briefly (3 hours) in their passage through S and G2. These cells, when also exposed to 3-AB, were delayed 6-9 hours in S and they became arrested in G2. There was no G2 arrest when 3-AB was added only after these cells had reached G2. Treatment with 3-AB during S phase thus resulted in both enhanced lethality and G2 arrest. 3-AB inhibited repair of DNA single-strand damage, shown by alkaline elution analysis, in both S-phase and quiescent cells. Aphidicolin inhibited disappearance of breaks and eliminated the difference between 3-AB-treated and untreated cells. Lethality did not correlate well with the measured single-strand damage. We propose that there is a class of MMS-induced lesions whose repair occurs during normal replicative DNA synthesis. When this repair is interrupted by 3-AB, during S phase, sublethal damage is converted to lesions which arrest the cells in G2 phase and prevent them from forming colonies. DNA synthesis is required to reach the step in DNA repair at which 3-AB causes lethality.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1041200313
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    6-Deoxy-D-glucose and D-xylose: Analogs for the study of D-glucose transport by mouse 3T3 cells (1982)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 111 (1982), S. 77-82 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: 6-Deoxy-D-glucose and D-xylose, structural homomorphs of D-glucose that lack a 6-hydroxyl group or a 6-hydroxymethyl group, respectively, are transported efficiently by mouse 3T3 cells, with good affinity and high specificity for the D-glucose transport system. Since these analogs lack the 6-hydroxyl group, which is the site of phosphorylation of glucose by hexokinase, they are taken up and are recoverable from cells in an unchanged state. Thus, 6-deoxy-D-glucose and D-xylose offer advantages as transport substrates over 2-deoxy-D-glucose, which is phosphorylated by intercellular hexokinases, and 3-O-methyl-D-glucose, which shows a lower specificity for the D-glucose transport system.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1041110112
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A 200-kd protein isolated from the fascia adherens membrane domains of chicken cardiac muscle cells is detected immunologically in fibroblast focal adhesions (1983)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Motility and the Cytoskeleton 3 (1983), S. 419-429 
    Details
    ISSN: 0886-1544
    Keywords: microfilament-membrane attachments ; cell-cell contacts ; fascia adherens ; immunofluorescence microscopy ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: On the premise that the fascia adherens of cardiac muscle cell intercalated disk membranes is a structure that is closely homologous to the focal adhesions formed by fibroblasts, a fascia adherens preparation was isolated from chicken cardiac muscle, and was analyzed for its protein composition. A prominent 200-kilodalton (kd) protein was purified from the fascia preparation and shown to be antigenically unrelated to several previously characterized cytoskeletal proteins, including cardiac myosin and vinculin. With monospecific antibodies to the 200-kd protein, an identical or closely similar intracellular protein was shown to be associated with the focal adhesion plaques of fibroblasts.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cm.970030510
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A basement membrane-associated glycoprotein from skeletal muscle (1982)
    New York, N.Y. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 19 (1982), S. 363-381 
    Details
    ISSN: 0730-2312
    Keywords: basement membrane ; extracellular matrix ; muscle ; structural glycoprotein ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: We have isolated a major glycoprotein that appears to be associated with rat skeletal muscle basement membrane. We determined that the glycoprotein was part of the muscle cell surface complex when we found it to be enriched in preparations of muscle ghosts. We isolate the glycoprotein from homogenized muscle preextracted with 4 M and 8 M urea. It elutes as a major component in the presence of 8 M urea/50 mM 2-mercaptoethanol. Its apparent molecular weight on sodium dodecyl sulfate gels is 130,000. Amino acid analysis indicates that it is not a collagen but that it does contain small amounts of hydroxyproline and hydroxylysine. There may be collagenous domains in the glycoprotein molecule, for it is cleaved into three fragments by purified bacterial collagenase. Immunoperoxidase staining confirms that the 130,000-dalton protein is localized at the surface of adult skeletal muscle cells. It is probably a general basement membrane-associated glycoprotein because we found material immunologically cross-reactive with the muscle glycoprotein in basement membrane regions of kidney, liver, brain, and small intestine. We have shown the glycoprotein to be distinct from fibronectin, laminin, and types I, III, IV, and V collagens in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcb.240190406
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A behavioral response of swine to a 60-Hz electric field (1982)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Bioelectromagnetics 3 (1982), S. 443-451 
    Details
    ISSN: 0197-8462
    Keywords: miniature swine ; ELF ; 60-Hz electric field ; behavior ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Occupational Health and Environmental Toxicology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Notes: It has been shown that rats, given the choice, will spend more time out of a 60-Hz electric field than in it at field strengths ≥ 75 kV/m. This paper describes research to examine the relevance of these data to a different species, the pig. Miniature pigs that had been exposed to a 60-Hz electric field at 30 kV/m for 20 h/day, 7 days/week for as long as 6 months, were tested for their preference for the presence or absence of the field during a 23.5-h period. Similar to earlier results with rats, miniature pigs spent more time out of the electric field than in it during the sleeping period.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bem.2250030407
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