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  • Articles  (4)
  • Air ions  (3)
  • earthquake
  • 1985-1989  (4)
  • Geography  (4)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Growth and certain chemical constituents of tobacco plants exposed to air ions (1988)
    Springer
    International journal of biometeorology 32 (1988), S. 78-80 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1254
    Keywords: Air ions ; Tobacco ; Chemical analysis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geography , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Controlled experiments were performed in Faraday cages on the effects of positive and negative air ions on flue-cured tobacco plants. Continuous exposures for 15 days to air ions showed no significant differences in any plant growth characteristic between the treated and control plants. Standard errors in the measurement of the growth parameters for ion exposed plants were, however, consistently higher than those of control plants. Spatial variation in concentration gradients of air ions produced by corona discharge might have contributed to masking of the relatively small effects of air ions on biological organisms observed in previous experiments in this laboratory. No significant difference was observed between the experimental and control plants in nicotine, total alkaloid, and reducing sugar contents. Total nitrogen content was slightly higher for treated than control plants.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01044897
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Impact of air ions of both polarity on evaporation of certain organic and inorganic liquids (1989)
    Springer
    International journal of biometeorology 33 (1989), S. 136-141 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1254
    Keywords: Air ions ; Evaporation ; Beta-ray Gauge
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geography , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Air ions of both polarity, produced by corona electrodes, were used to evaporate to dryness liquid samples of ethyl alcohol (EA), water (W), and carbon tetrachloride (CTC). Drying times were determined with a beta-ray gauge. Ion exposed samples of EA, W, and CTC dried, respectively, 2.3, 3.2, and 5.4 times faster than the corresponding control samples when exposed simultaneously to 0.94×1012 positive and 1.83×1012 negative air ions cm−2s−1 under the same laboratory conditions. Drying by corona discharge could be explained by three different mechanisms. Electric wind caused by the ionic drag is proposed as the principal driving force for the observed enhancement of evaporation. The decrease in free energy of a dielectric in the presence of an electric field compared to its absence may have increased the escaping tendency of the molecules of the treated liquids. The turbulence in the liquids created by the rotational effect on the dielectric molecules by the electric field may also be a factor in further enhancing the mass transfer rates from the samples.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01686291
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Enhancement of evaporation rates from thin layers of liquids exposed to air ions (1988)
    Springer
    International journal of biometeorology 32 (1988), S. 163-167 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1254
    Keywords: Air ions ; Evaporation ; Radiogauge
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geography , Physics
    Notes: Abstract A beta-ray gauge system was used to study evaporation rates and drying times of liquids exposed to relatively high fluxes of air ions of either polarity produced by a corona discharge. Evaporation rates from thin layers of water, ethyl alcohol, and carbon tetrachloride increased considerably when exposed to air ions, compared to untreated liquids under constant environmental conditions. Drying times of liquid layers exposed to air ions were shortened by a factor of at least two over liquids that had not been exposed to ions. The drying time of a liquid layer was found to increase with the decrease of ion fluxes at the liquid surface. Threshold values of 1.9×1011 positive ions and 2.7×1011 negative ions cm−2 s−1 were established below which no increase in the evaporation rates were observed for ethyl alcohol and carbon tetrachloride. The evaporation rate of water at these same ion fluxes was significantly higher than that of the control. The present experiments indicate that a stream of air ions could play a major role in the observed enhancement of evaporation rates.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01045274
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The connection of geodynamics with seismicity patterns (1988)
    Springer
    Natural hazards 1 (1988), S. 5-13 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0840
    Keywords: Geodynamics ; seismicity ; earthquake ; geomorphology ; China ; Colombia
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Geography , Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract When a study is to be made of seismic risks, the present-day geodynamic conditions are of fundamental importance: Earthquakes do not happen by themselves, they do have a cause. The cause of earthquakes is that the tectonic stresses exceed a critical limit. The build-up of these stresses is conditioned by the geodynamic processes occurring in the region in question. A knowledge of the geodynamics characteristic of a region is therefore fundamental for seismic risk studies. The general methodology for making such a geodynamic study is based on the entire set of manifestations of the plate-tectonic conditions of that region: these include the mechanism of earthquakes, the stresses observed in mines, the orientation of surface joints and even the direction of river valleys. Examples of geodynamic studies and their bearing on seismic risks are shown from various areas of the world, notably from China, India, and Colombia.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00168218
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