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  • Journals
  • Other Sources  (2,441)
  • INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY  (1,423)
  • ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL)  (1,012)
  • Meteorology and Climatology
  • 1985-1989  (2,441)
Collection
  • Journals
  • Other Sources  (2,441)
Source
Keywords
Years
Year
  • 1
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    Seafloor hydrothermal activity and spreading rates: the Eocene carbon dioxide greenhouse revisted (1985)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-24
    Description: A suggestion has been made that enhanced rates of hydrothermal activity during the Eocene could have caused a global warming by adding calcium to the ocean and pumping CO2 into the atmosphere (Owen and Rea, 1984). This phenomenon was purported to be consistent with the predictions of the CO2 geochemical cycle model of Berner, Lasaga and Garrels (1983) (henceforth BLAG). In fact, however, the BLAG model predicts only a weak connection between hydrothermal activity and atmospheric CO2 levels. By contrast, it predicts a strong correlation between seafloor spreading rates and pCO2, since the release rate of CO2 from carbonate metamorphism is assumed to be proportional to the mean spreading rate. The Ecocene warming can be conveniently explained if the BLAG model is extended by assuming that the rate of carbonate metamorphism is also proportional to the total length of the midocean ridges from which the spreading originates.
    Keywords: Meteorology and Climatology
    Type: Geochimica et cosmochimica acta (ISSN 0016-7037); Volume 49; 2541-4
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 2
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    Wisconsin's study of manned Mars missions (1987)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2004-12-04
    Description: The design group focused on three topics: (1) Extravehicular Activities, (2) Sample Return Missions, and (3) Structural and Construction Considerations of a Manned Mars Habitat. Extravehicular Activities permit a Mars based astronaut to exit the habitat and perform mission activities in the harsh Mars environment. Today's spacesuit gloves are bulky, hard to manipulate and fatiguing. A mechanical assistance mechanism has been developed for the glove that will reduce user fatigue and increase the duration of EVA's. Oxygen supply systems are also being developed for the EVA astronaut. A scuba type system of tanked breathing air proves to be the most efficient system for short duration EVA's. A system that extracts the oxygen from atmospheric carbon dioxide can provide oxygen for long duration FVA's. Sample Return Missions require that samples be taken from several sites. Transportation considerations are addressed and two transportation schemes are proposed. The first scheme involves a lighter than air balloon. This system provides excellent range. The second design is a rover that uses tracks rather than wheels. Track rovers perform well in soft, sandy conditions. Engineering aspects of a habitat and domed greenhouse were investigated and plans for the habitat have been made. A configuration has been established and construction details have been made.
    Keywords: ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL)
    Type: USRA, Agenda of the Third Annual Summer Conference, NASA(USRA University Advanced Design Program; p 39
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 3
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    The development of a cislunar space infrastructure (1988)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-07-19
    Description: The primary objective of the University of Colorado Advanced Mission Design Program is to define the characteristics and evolution of a near-Earth space infrastructure. The envisioned foundation includes a permanently manned, self-sustaining base on the lunar surface, an L1 space station, and a transportation system that anchors these elements to a low Earth orbit (LEO) station. The motivation of this project was based on the idea that a near-Earth space infrastructure is not an end but an important step in a larger plan to expand man's capabilities in space science and technology. The presence of a cislunar space infrastructure would greatly facilitate the staging of future planetary missions, as well as facilitating the full exploration of the potential for science and industry on the lunar surface. This paper will provide a sound rationale and a detailed scenario in support of the cislunar infrastructure design.
    Keywords: ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL)
    Type: USRA, NASA(USRA University Advanced Design Program Fourth Annual Summer Conference; p 75-83
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  • 4
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    The solar vector magnetograph of the Okayama Astrophysical Observatory (1985)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2009-11-16
    Description: The vector magnetograph of the Okayama Astrophysical Observatory is fed to the 65 cm solar coude telescope with a 10 m Littrow spectrograph. The polarimeter put at the telescope focus analyzes the incident polarization. Photomultipliers (PMT) at the exit of the spectrograph pick up the modulated light signals and send them to the electronic controller. The controller analyzes frequency and phase of the signal. The analyzer of the polarimeter is a combination of a single wave plate rotating at 40 Hz and a Wallaston prism. Incident linear and circular polarizations are modified at four times and twice the rotation frequency, respectively. Two compensators minimize the instrumental polarization, mainly caused by the two tilt mirrors in the optical path of the telescope. The four photomultipliers placed on the wings of the FeI 5250A line give maps of intensity, longitudinal field and transverse field. The main outputs, maps of intensity, and net linear and circular polarizations in the neighboring continuum are obtained by the other two monitor PMTs.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: NASA. Marshall Space Flight Center Meas. of Solar Vector Magnetic Fields; p 173-182
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  • 5
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    Lessons learnt from 11 GAS payloads flown on 5 shuttle missions (1986)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-06-12
    Description: Selected hints derived from 5 years experience in experiment hardware design, hardware qualification, safety provisions, experiment testing, payload integration, flight preparation, battery transport, and postmission checkout are presented.
    Keywords: ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL)
    Type: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center The 1985 Get Away Special Experimenter's Symposium; p 255-265
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  • 6
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    Halogen lamp experiment, HALEX (1986)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-06-12
    Description: The main purpose of the Halogen Lamp Experiment (HALEX) was to investigate the operation of a halogen lamp during an extended period in a microgravity environment and to prove its behavior in space. The Mirror Heating Facilities for Crystal Growth and Material Science Experiments in space relies on one or two halogen lamps as a furnace to melt the specimens. The HALEX aim is to verify: full power operation of a halogen lamp for a period of about 60 hours; achievement of about 10% of its terrestrial life span; and operation of the halogen lamp under conditions similar to furnace operation.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center The 1985 Get Away Special Experimenter's Symposium; p 141-149
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  • 7
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    Response of GAS payload (G345 and G347) temperatures to various orbiter flight attitudes (1986)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-06-12
    Description: At the beginning of the Get-Away Special (GAS) flight program, the GAS Project flew a Flight Verification Payload on STS-3 to make measurements of the vibrations, acoustic and magnetic environments of the canister, and to obtain thermal profiles of internal and external components of the GAS system. Two types of GAS canister end caps (insulated end cap and silverized teflon covered end cap) were used on the two flights (STS-7 and STS-8) so that a direct comparison of the thermal performance was obtained. These observations were compared with a simple thermal model of the instrument in the GAS canister in order to assess whether such simple models can be useful to experimenters in predicting the thermal response of their payloads.
    Keywords: ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL)
    Type: The 1985 Get Away Special Experimenter's Symposium; p 151-164
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  • 8
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    Material sciences experiments under microgravity conditions with MAUS (1986)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-06-12
    Description: Project MAUS is a part of the German material sciences program and provides autonomous payloads for the Space Shuttle. These payloads are housed in canisters which are identical with those of NASA's Get Away Special program. The main components of the hardware are: a standard system consisting of power supply, experiment control, data acquisition and the experiment modules containing experiment specific hardware. So far, three MAUS modules with experiments from the area of material sciences have been flown as GAS payloads. They deal with the effects of reduced sedimentation, convection phenomena caused by temperature gradients and the behavior of dispersed particles ahead of a solid/liquid interface.
    Keywords: ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL)
    Type: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center The 1985 Get Away Special Experimenter's Symposium; p 101-108
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  • 9
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    G-38, G-39 and G-40: Art in space, a divergent exploration (1986)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-06-12
    Description: The results of the Get Away Special (GAS) Arts-Science payload G-38, processed in orbit on board the Space Shuttle Challenger during mission 41-G STS 17, October 5 to 13, l984 are explained. The payload G-38 was created as a unified Arts-Science payload that simultaneously explored the process of vapor deposition in the vacuum and weightlessness of the shuttle environment and created a series of space sculptures utilizing this process. The purpose of the experiment was to test the sputter deposition process in space and to create five subtle spherical sculptures with metallic coatings of gold, silver, platinum and chrome.
    Keywords: ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL)
    Type: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center The 1985 Get Away Special Experimenter's Symposium; p 267-273
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  • 10
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    Design considerations for a gas microcontroller (1986)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-06-12
    Description: Some of the design problems that are now being addressed in consideration of a microcontroller for the upcoming GAS payload are discussed. Microcontrollers will be used to run the experiments and to collect and store the data from those experiments. Some of the requirements for a microcontroller are to be small, lightweight, have low power consumption, and high reliability. Some of the solutions that were developed to meet these design requirements are discussed. At present, the experiment is still in the design stage and the final design may change from what is presented here. The search for new integrated circuits which will do all that is needed all in one package continues.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center The 1985 Get Away Special Experimenter's Symposium; p 117-124
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