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  • ASTROPHYSICS  (4,662)
  • 1985-1989  (4,662)
  • 11
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    Observations of supernova SN1987a (1988)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-28
    Description: Supernova SN1987a was discovered on February 23, 1987, in the Large Magellanic Cloud, a nearby galaxy that is visible only from the Southern Hemisphere. The NASA program for observations of SN1987a, which was developed rapidly after the discovery of the explosion, was designed to be implemented through a series of coordinated campaigns of gamma-ray, X-ray, ultraviolet, and infrared observations from spacecraft, rockets, balloons, aircraft and the ground. The author summarizes models for supernovae, recent results for SN1987a, and the NASA plans for further observations.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science (ISSN 0018-9499); 35; 516-519
    Format: text
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  • 12
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    Significance of brown dwarfs (1986)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-28
    Description: The significance of brown dwarfs for resolving some major problems in astronomy is discussed. The importance of brown dwarfs for models of star formation by fragmentation of molecular clouds and for obtaining independent measurements of the ages of stars in binary systems is addressed. The relationship of brown dwarfs to planets is considered.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
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  • 13
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    A 3-D computational model for solar wind/magnetosphere interactions - Prediction of polar flattening of Jupiter and Saturn magnetospheres (1987)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-28
    Description: The development of a computational model for determining the solution of the gasdynamic portion of the gasdynamic convected magnetic field model for solar wind flow past three-dimensional magnetoionopauses of nonaxisymmetric shape is described. Results are presented for the shape of the bow wave and the flow properties in magnetosheaths of polar flattened magnetopauses representative of Jupiter and Saturn. Through a parametric study in which the amount of polar flattening is varied, a quantitative determination is obtained of the degree of flattening at both Jupiter and Saturn. These new three-dimensional results are shown to be in good agreement with observations, and account for most of the differences between the observations and the axisymmetric model results.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: AIAA PAPER 87-1411
    Format: text
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  • 14
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    Astroblemes on trapp rock: Structural features and differences from impact structures on other targets (1986)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-28
    Description: The paper briefly characterizes the two known terrestrial meteorite craters on trapp rock: (1) Lonar, India (diameter 1,8 km) and Logancha, USSR (diameter 20 km). The features these craters have in common are identified, and their differences from problems on other types of targets are indicated. The probable reasons for these differences are discussed.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: NASA-TM-88484 , NAS 1.15:88484
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  • 15
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    Zhamanshin meteor crater (1987)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-28
    Description: A historical survey and geographic, geologic and geophysical characteristics, the results of many years of study of the Zhamanshin meteor crater in the Northern Aral region, are reported. From this data the likely initial configuration and cause of formation of the crater are reconstructed. Petrographic and mineralogical analyses are given of the brecciated and remelted rocks, of the zhamanshinites and irgizite tektites in particular. The impact melting, dispersion and quenching processes resulting in tektite formation are discussed.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: NASA-TM-88531 , NAS 1.15:88531
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 16
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    Scattered light in the IUE spectra of Epsilon Aurigae (1986)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-28
    Description: Recent infrared photometry indicates that the alleged disk of particulate matter surrounding the mysterious secondary object in the Epsilon Aur system is cold, around 500 K. IUE spectra, on the other hand, contain significant flux in excess of that expected from an F0 Ia star in the far UV, which if interpreted as a hot secondary star leads to a possible contradiction with the IR data. Other models of the UV excess have been proposed, including the idea that the bulk of the short-wavelength flux is light scattered into the SWP camera from longer wavelengths. With the recent availability of a detailed generalized IUE descattering algorithm it is possible to thoroughly investigate the scattered-light contribution to the short-wavelength continuum. It is found that the IUE spectra are indeed partially contaminated by scattered light, but that even after correction for this instrumental effect a significant time-dependent UV excess is still present.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: Astronomy and Astrophysics Supplement Series (ISSN 0365-0138); 65; 1, Ju
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  • 17
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    Analytical electron microscopy of Mg-SiO smokes - A comparison with infrared and XRD studies (1986)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-28
    Description: Analytical electron microscopy conducted for Mg-SiO smokes (experimentally obtained from samples previously characterized by IR spectroscopy) indicates that the microcrystallinity content of unannealed smokes increases with increased annealing for up to 30 hr. The growth of forsterite microcrystallites in the initially nonstoichiometric smokes may give rise to the contemporaneous growth of the SiO polymorph tridymite and MgO; after 4 hr of annealing, these react to form enstatite. It is suggested that XRD analysis and IR spectroscopy should be conducted in conjunction with detailed analytical electron microscopy for the detection of emerging crystallinity in vapor-phase condensates.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: Icarus (ISSN 0019-1035); 66; 211-222
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  • 18
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    Meteoritic evidence that graphite is rare in the interstellar medium (1985)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-28
    Description: Carbonaceous material from several distinct astrophysical environments that has been identified in primitive meteorites is discussed. Most of this material is not well crystallized graphite, but ranges from kerogenlike macromolecular organic matter to poorly graphitized carbon. Of the small fraction of the carbonaceous material which is graphite, most may have resulted from the graphitization of macromolecular precursors in the solar nebula. Since graphite is more stable than those precursors, preexisting interstellar graphite should have survived in meteorites to at least the same extent as did other forms of carbon. It is concluded from this dearth of graphite that graphitic carbon was not a major component of the interstellar dust at the time of the formation of the solar system.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: Nature (ISSN 0028-0836); 318; 166-168
    Format: text
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  • 19
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    Ultraviolet spectroscopy of meteoric debris: In situ calibration experiments from Earth orbit (1986)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-28
    Description: It is proposed to carry out slitless spectroscopy at ultraviolet wavelengths from orbit of meteoric debris associated with comets. The Eta Aquarid, Orionid/Halley, and the Persied/1962 862 Swift-Tuttle showers would be principal targets. Low light level, ultraviolet video technique will be used during night side of the orbit in a wide field, earthward viewing mode. Data will be stored in compact video cassette recorders. The experiment may be configured as a GAS package or in the HITCHHIKER mode. The latter would allow flexible pointing capability beyond that offered by shuttle orientation of the GAS package, and doubling of the data record. The 1100 to 3200 A spectral region should show emissions of atomic, ionic, and molecular species of interest on cometary and solar system studies.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: NASA. Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center Space Station Planetology Experiments; 2 p
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 20
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    Report on opportunities and/or techniques for high-caliber experimental research (other) proposals for SSPEX (1986)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-28
    Description: Brief discriptions of the following 13 experiments are included: ultrahigh vacuum petrology facility; artificial comet free flyer; artificial comet (tethered); cosmic dust detector; cosmic dust collector; dust collection using tethered satellites; artificial magnetosphere; microgravity petrological studies; slitless ultraviolet spectrometer; orbital determination and capture experiment (ODACE); high velocity sputtering of amorphous silicates; particle release experiments; and calibration of gamma and X-ray remote sensingprobes.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: NASA. Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center Space Station Planetology Experiments (SSPEX); 5 p
    Format: application/pdf
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