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  • RAPD  (288)
  • Springer  (288)
  • MDPI Publishing
  • 1995-1999  (288)
  • 1980-1984
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  • Springer  (288)
  • MDPI Publishing
Years
Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Molecular markers to differentiate two morphologically-close species of the genus Sitobion (1999)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 92 (1999), S. 217-225 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: Sitobion avenae ; Sitobion fragariae ; RAPD ; PCR ; microsatellites ; mtDNA
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A set of molecular markers to differentiate the aphid (Hemiptera: Aphidoidea) species Sitobion avenae (Fabricius) from Sitobion fragariae (Walker), is presented. These markers correspond to (1) a region of the mitochondrial DNA, (2) five species-specific RAPD banding patterns and (3) four microsatellite loci. Each of the markers was able to clearly distinguish between the species. The utility of each molecular marker is discussed. Mitochondrial DNA is best applicable to species determination and relative abundance, RAPDs to the evaluation of genetic diversity, and microsatellites to the assessment of the population genetic structure; the combined use of mtDNA with the other techniques can be of importance when the presence of hybrids is suspected, and RAPDs with microsatellites are best used together in population genetics and host preference studies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1003855919065
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Strain typing of ectomycorrhizal basidiomycetes from subalpine Tyrolean forest areas by random amplified polymorphic DNA analysis (1995)
    Springer
    Mycorrhiza 6 (1995), S. 35-41 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1890
    Keywords: Key words Ectomycorrhiza ; Boletus ; Amanita ; Lactarius ; Russula ; Picea abies ; RAPD ; Intra- and infraspecific variability
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  The application of random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis for the identifcation of ectomycorrhizal symbionts of spruce (Picea abies) belonging to the genera Boletus, Amanita and Lactarius at and below the species level was investigated. Using both fingerprinting [M13, (GTG)5, (GACA)4] as well as random oligonucleotide primers (V1 and V5), a high degree of variability of amplified DNA fragments (band-sharing index 65–80%) was detected between different strains of the same species, hence enabling the identification of individual strains within the same species. The band-sharing index between different species of the same genus (Boletus, Russula and Amanita) was in the range of 20–30%, and similar values were obtained when strains from different taxa were compared. Thus RAPD is too sensitive at this level of relatonship and cannot be used to align an unknown symbiont to a given taxon. We therefore conclude that RAPD is a promising tool for the identification of individual strains, and could thus be used to distinguish indigenous and introduced mycorrhizal strains from the same species in natural ecosystems.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s005720050103
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic diversity of the ectomycorrhizal fungus Pisolithus tinctorius based on RAPD-PCR analysis (1998)
    Springer
    Mycorrhiza 7 (1998), S. 243-248 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1890
    Keywords: Key words DNA polymorphism ; Ectomycorrhizal fungi ; Genetic diversity ; Pisolithus tinctorius ; RAPD
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  Twenty Pisolithus tinctorius isolates from different geographic locations and different hosts were characterized by the random amplified polymorphic DNA technique. Thirteen arbitrary primers generated 87 DNA fragments, all of them polymorphic. These data were used to calculate genetic distances among the isolates. The pairwise genetic distances ranged from 1 to 100%, with an average of 58.7%. Cluster analysis based on the amplified fragments grouped the isolates according to their host and geographical origins. Group I contained isolates collected in Brazil and group II those collected in the Northern Hemisphere. In addition to the diversity seen at the molecular level, the isolates also showed host specificity. Greenhouse experiments demonstrated that isolates from the Northern Hemisphere colonized mainly Pinus whereas isolates from Brazil colonized only Eucalyptus. The molecular data suggest that the Pisolithus tinctorius isolates analyzed belong to two distinct groups. The data also suggest new guidelines for future investigations on the taxonomy and systematic of this important fungus species. Furthermore, these results support future experiments aimed at the selection and development of improved isolates of P. tinctorius.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s005720050187
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sex in Escherichia coli does not disrupt the clonal structure of the population: evidence from random amplified polymorphic DNA and restriction-fragment-length polymorphism (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular evolution 41 (1995), S. 440-448 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1432
    Keywords: Escherichia coli ; RAPD ; RFLP ; Clonal theory ; Recombination
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Analysis of the Escherichia coli population by multilocus enzyme electrophoresis (MLEE) has established its clonal organization, but there is increasing evidence that horizontal DNA transfer occurs in E. coli. We have assessed the genetic structure of the species E. coli and determined the extent to which recombination can affect the clonal structure of bacteria. A panel of 72 E. coli strains from the ECOR collection was characterized by random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and restriction-fragment-length polymorphism (RFLP) of the ribosomal RNA gene (rrn) regions. These strains have been characterized by MLEE and are assumed to reflect the range of genotypic variation in the species as a whole. Statistical analysis, including factorial analysis of correspondence (FAC) and hierarchical classifications, established that the data obtained with the three genetic markers are mutually corroborative, thus providing compelling evidence that horizontal transfer does not disrupt the clonal organization of the population. However, there is a gradient of correlation between the different classifications which ranges from the highly clonal structure of 132 group strains causing extraintestinal infections in humans to the less-stringent structure of B1 group strains that came mainly from nonprimate mammals. This group (B1) appears to be the framework from which the remaining non-A group strains have emerged. These results indicate that RAPD analysis is well suited to intraspecies characterization of E. coli. Lastly, treating the RAPD data by FAC allowed description of subgroup-specific DNA fragments which can be used, in a strategy comparable to positional cloning, to isolate virulence genes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00160315
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The genetic heterogeneity of deer mouse populations (Peromyscus maniculatus) in an insular landscape (1999)
    Springer
    Population ecology 41 (1999), S. 263-268 
    Details
    ISSN: 1437-5613
    Keywords: Key words AMOVA ; Dispersion ; Gene flow ; Genetic distance ; HOMOVA ; RAPD
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A survey of the genetic variability in deer mouse populations was performed using specimens collected from six different islands on a lake covering approximately 50 km2. Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) was used to measure the extent of the genetic differences in this insular system. An analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) revealed that populations are clearly separated at this microgeographic scale (F st = 0.13863; P 〈 0.001). The homogeneity of molecular variance test (HOMOVA) indicated that within-population levels vary greatly (B p = 0.76831; P 〈 0.001). The within-population molecular variance was found to be mainly correlated with the accessibility of the islands, computed as the inverse of the geographic distance separating an island from the lakeshore (r = 0.916; P 〈 0.003).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s101440050030
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Error Rates and Polymorphism Frequencies for Three RAPD Protocols (1998)
    Springer
    Plant molecular biology reporter 16 (1998), S. 139-139 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9818
    Keywords: competition ; DNA mixture ; RAPD
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Three amplification protocols were analyzed for error rate and generation of polymorphisms during RAPD analysis. Using a set of 240 primers, the protocols detected similar frequencies of polymorphisms in two inbred sugar beet lines. The error rate was investigated by including a 1:1 mixture of DNA from the two lines in all analyses. Similar error rates, approximately 18%, were detected by the three protocols. Thus, altered amplification conditions did not substantially affect the error rate during RAPD analysis. For each of the three possible pairs of protocols, a positive correlation was obtained for primer and number of polymorphisms. Thus, a set of highly polymorphic RAPD primers can be used effectively, without prior screening, to detect polymorphisms for each protocol.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1007485919390
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic Mapping of Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] Using Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) (1997)
    Springer
    Plant molecular biology reporter 15 (1997), S. 335-354 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9818
    Keywords: RAPD ; PCR ; Soybean ; Linkage Mapping ; Restriction Enzymes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) is based on DNA amplification by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of random DNA segments using single arbitrary nucleotide sequences. We have adapted the assay to soybeans by using Stoffel Fragment DNA polymerase and by optimizing the reaction conditions. To increase the percentage of RAPD polymorphisms, the DNA template was digested with restriction enzymes before amplification. The combination of twenty-four primers and five DNA template treatments (Undigested, DraI, EcoRI, HindIII, and TaqI digested) revealed 94 polymorphic DNA fragments differing between soybean lines PI437654 and BSR101. Many polymorphic DNA bands were found unreliable or non-scoreable after re-screening of primers and verification of marker-allele segregation with 20 recombinant inbred lines (RILs). However, 28 RAPD markers were consistently polymorphic between the parental lines and followed Mendelian expectations. The use of DNA templates digested with DraI, EcoRI, HindIII or TaqI increased three times the number of RAPD markers compared to undigested DNA template alone. The 28 RAPD markers obtained were further screened with 72 RILs and placed on an existing RFLP map.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1007474913960
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    DNA Isolation and AFLP™ Genetic Fingerprinting of shape Theobroma cacao (L.) (1998)
    Springer
    Plant molecular biology reporter 16 (1998), S. 49-59 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9818
    Keywords: amplified fragment length polymorphism ; cocoa ; RAPD ; woody plant
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Accurate identification of parental plants and their hybrids is essential for an effective breeding programme. Traditional classification of cocoa varieties relies on the characterisation of agricultural traits at plant maturity. A rapid and reliable method is described, based on genotypic analysis. An efficient DNA isolation procedure was developed, yielding unsheared DNA of high purity. Two genetic fingerprinting techniques, RAPD and AFLP™, were evaluated for their suitability in distinguishing cocoa varieties. RAPD analysis was unsatisfactory due to the low frequency of polymorphisms and poor reproducibility. AFLP™ was reliable in distinguishing phenotypically identical, known varieties of cocoa. Importantly, AFLP™ also revealed intra- and inter-varietal variation. Abbreviations: AFLP™, amplified fragment length polymorphism; APS, ammonium persulphate; CTAB, hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide; DEB, DNA extraction buffer; f.wt., fresh weight; NEB, nuclei extraction buffer; PMSF, phenylmethanesulphonyl fluoride; RAPD, random amplified polymorphic DNA; T4 PNK, Bacteriophage T4 polynucleotide kinase; Taq, Thermus aquaticus; TBE, tris-borate-EDTA; TEMED, NNN′N′ tetramethylethylenediamine.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1007468624596
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A Simple and Rapid Procedure for Isolation of Total DNA Suitable for Fingerprint Analysis from shape Amaranthus (1998)
    Springer
    Plant molecular biology reporter 16 (1998), S. 91-91 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9818
    Keywords: Amaranthus ; DNA fingerprinting ; PCR ; polysaccharides ; RAPD ; total DNA
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A simple, efficient and reliable method is described for isolation of total DNA from young leaves of Amaranthus species. This procedure yields a high amount (600–800 µg DNA/g fresh leaf tissue) of good quality DNA free from contaminating proteins, polysaccharides, and coloured pigments. The DNA is suitable for digestion with several restriction endonucleases, preparation of Southern blots, and PCR amplification. The DNA has been successfully used for generating DNA fingerprint profiles and RAPD banding patterns in two species of Amaranthus. The procedure is suitable for processing of a large number of samples simultaneously.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1007414505189
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Rapid Construction of a Random Genomic Library from Date-Palm (Phoenix Dactylifera L.) (1999)
    Springer
    Plant molecular biology reporter 17 (1999), S. 409-409 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9818
    Keywords: Date-palm ; DNA library ; RAPD
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A random genomic library of Tunisian date-palm varieties has been built from total cellular DNA, previously amplified according to an RAPD procedure. The resultant recombinant DNA is characterised by a size ranging from 200 to 1600 bp inserts. This DNA would constitute a large number of anonymous probes useful in Southern hybridisation experiments. It would also provide potential markers aimed at the molecular characterisation of date-palm varieties, aid the search of those associated with bayoud disease and suggest a sex determination of trees.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1007631420875
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