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  • Articles  (43,202)
  • 2000-2004  (39,231)
  • 1940-1944  (1,734)
  • 1935-1939  (2,237)
  • Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology  (43,202)
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  • Articles  (43,202)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Application of the continuous wavelet transform to the fluctuations and electric field analysis in the H-1 heliac : Papers from the thirteenth topical conference on high temperature plasma diagnostics (2001)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 72 (2001), S. 503-505 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: We apply the continuous wavelet transform (CWT) and a CWT spectral technique to the analysis of the time-resolved fluctuation-driven particle flux in the H-1 heliac. The results confirm that in some cases the outward radial flux reverses its direction. In addition, time-resolved frequency spectra of fluctuation signals obtained by CWT show that the dominant frequency component as a function of time closely follows changes in the radial electric field. This suggests that the VE×B drift velocity dominates the poloidal phase velocity of the fluctuations in the laboratory frame, in which case the time-resolved frequency can be used to characterize the radial electric field. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1310583
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Observations of radial wild cables in tokamak plasmas (abstract) : Papers from the thirteenth topical conference on high temperature plasma diagnostics (2001)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 72 (2001), S. 506-506 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: The results of processing the plasma images with the help of the method of multilevel dynamical contrasting (MDC)1 are presented. The images are taken in visible light, with space resolution ∼100 μm and time resolution ∼10 μs, in various tokamaks (TM-2, T-4, T-6, and T-10). The presence of rigid-body filamentary structures is found. They are similar to those structures formerly found in a Z-pinch, whose long life was proven2 in tracing their dynamics. The reliability of results is supported by the rich statistics and considerable similarity of the structures in various facilities and regimes, as well as by the insensitivity of observed structuring to a specific way of imaging (strick camera, fast photography, etc.). Sometimes the structuring may be seen without MDC processing (in such cases, the MDC allows fine resolution of structuring). The most typical structure is a straight cylindrical block varying in length from few centimeters up to a diameter of plasma column. The diameter of such a block varies, respectively, from a few millimeters to several centimeters. The most attention is paid to radially directed filaments which, together with toroidal and poloidal filaments, form a network. Detailed analysis of individual cylindrical blocks of several centimeters in diameter revealed them to be a coaxial tubular structure with an inner rod (which may be of tubular form as well) of a few millimeters diameter. The similarity of the above structures to coaxial cables may appear to not be occasional: according to the hypothesis3 the elementary coaxial block of diameter not exceeding few millimeters, is a "wild cable" in which the propagating high-frequency (HF) electromagnetic wave produces a vacuum channel around the hypothetical microsolid skeleton2 and thus protects the skeleton from the ambient high-temperature plasma. An analysis of measurements of HF electric fields, both inside and outside the plasma column in tokamak T-10, reveals their reasonable agreement with predictions based on the hypothesis.3 © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1323474
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Newly developed double neural network concept for reliable fast plasma position control : Papers from the thirteenth topical conference on high temperature plasma diagnostics (2001)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 72 (2001), S. 513-516 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Neural network is considered as a parameter estimation tool in plasma controls for next generation tokamak such as ITER. The neural network has been reported to be so accurate and fast for plasma equilibrium identification that it may be applied to the control of complex tokamak plasmas. For this application, the reliability of the conventional neural network needs to be improved. In this study, a new idea of double neural network is developed to achieve this. The new idea has been applied to simple plasma position identification of KSTAR tokamak for feasibility test. Characteristics of the concept show higher reliability and fault tolerance even in severe faulty conditions, which may make neural network applicable to plasma control reliably and widely in future tokamaks. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1323251
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of film development on uniformity and modulation transfer function of the gated/fast x-ray imagers data : Papers from the thirteenth topical conference on high temperature plasma diagnostics (2001)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 72 (2001), S. 521-524 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: We have been investigating the different phenomena that affect the modulation transfer function response of the gated x-ray imagers and fast x-ray imagers that we use to record subnanosecond x-ray images at different laser facilities. As part of that investigation, we noticed that there is definite nonuniformity to the recorded images, even when the incident radiation was uniform. After a significant effort to track down that effect we found that the automatic developing processors, which process the film along the length of the roll, cause the effect. Manual development, which depends primarily on transverse agitation in the developer, and automatic processors that do not use a feed mechanism but emulate this agitation, do not introduce such artifacts. We recommend that for absolutely critical missions, such as target symmetry measurements, certain automatic machines should not be used.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1310585
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Accessing TJ-II data with remote procedure call : Papers from the thirteenth topical conference on high temperature plasma diagnostics (2001)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 72 (2001), S. 525-529 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A new software, based on the de facto standard Open Network Computing Remote Procedure Call (ONC RPC) has been developed for TJ-II database access. This software solution replaces a previous development based on Berkeley sockets in which the client implementation had the drawback that was platform dependent. From the user point of view, the access to the TJ-II database can be done from codes running in the central server or from any other computer in the network in exactly the same way. From the development point of view, the ONC RPC tools allow to generate source code for the clients in an easy and flexible manner, thus reducing the work needed to maintain/upgrade the library for different platforms. The access to the database is managed by a concurrent server program, running on the central server, which implements each access routine as a service on the network. This allows controlling the accesses to the database. A client library has been developed to provide connection with the data server. This library implements a client routine per service, that interchanges parameters between client and server programs using External Data Representation. The client library has been installed in different UNIX and UNIX-like platforms, including ALPHA AXP/Digital UNIX, Sparc/SOLARIUS, INTEL/LINUX and CRAY/UNICOS and in Windows (NT/95/98) platforms. The support for Windows platforms allows autonomous PC-based acquisition systems to integrate experimental data into the data base. A basic in-house developed identification system is used to control client connections. An access policy has been defined in order to assign different permissions to different clients. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1316757
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Precision metrology of NSTX surfaces using coherent laser radar ranging : Papers from the thirteenth topical conference on high temperature plasma diagnostics (2001)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 72 (2001), S. 533-536 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A frequency modulated Coherent Laser Radar ranging diagnostic is being used on the National Spherical Torus Experiment (NSTX) for precision metrology. The distance (range) between the 1.5 μm laser source and the target is measured by the shift in frequency of the linearly modulated beam reflected off the target. The range can be measured to a precision of 〈100 μm at distances of up to 22 m. A description is given of the geometry and procedure for measuring NSTX interior and exterior surfaces during open vessel conditions, and the results of measurements are elaborated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1310586
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Design and application of a zone plate monochromator for laboratory soft x-ray sources (2001)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 72 (2001), S. 53-57 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: In this article we describe the test of a zone plate monochromator for a laboratory soft x-ray source which is a laser produced plasma on a liquid jet target. The monochromator consists of a zone plate and a pinhole. Due to the special zone plate used (condensor zone plate KZP7) the monochromator is particularly suitable for laboratory sources since it collects a relatively large solid angle in the present setup. Depending upon the diameter of the pinhole a monochromaticity of up to λ/Δλ=600 can be achieved. The usefulness of the linear monochromator was proven on the basis of a filter transmission measurement. The monochromator can be used for several applications. In particular it is suitable for time-resolved x-ray absorption spectroscopy and pump and probe experiments. The use for such investigations is discussed. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1329901
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Optical characterization of plasma facing mirrors for a Thomson scattering system of a burning plasma experiment : Papers from the thirteenth topical conference on high temperature plasma diagnostics (2001)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 72 (2001), S. 540-544 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: The general requirements for a plasma facing mirror (PFM) of a Thomson scattering system (TS) for a burning plasma experiment are (i) high and approximately constant reflectivity in the wavelength spectral range 400–800 nm; (ii) low sputtering yield and low erosion; (iii) high power damage threshold; (iv) good thermo-mechanical properties to preserve quality imaging. Rhodium-coated mirrors are chosen because they meet these requirements. Rhodium coated mirror were realized with substrates of copper and vanadium. The detailed optical characterization of these mirrors is presented: i.e., surface planarity measurements as well as roughness and reflectivity figures are presented. These data can be used for the choice of the PFM of a TS system for international thermonuclear experimental reactor. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1316759
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Diagnostic requirements for high power auxiliary heating on NSTX (abstract) : Papers from the thirteenth topical conference on high temperature plasma diagnostics (2001)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 72 (2001), S. 551-551 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: National Spherical Torus Experiment (NSTX) has recently completed its first phase of operation. The primary objective for the baseline diagnostic1 set during this phase has been to aid in plasma control and machine operation, which successfully led to attainment of 1 MA of plasma current and some encouraging initial results with coaxial helicity injection (CHI). This first set of diagnostics relied on techniques previously established on tokamaks and related plasma devices. In the next phase of operation, strong auxiliary heating will become available in the form of rf heating through high harmonic fast waves (HHFWs) and neutral beam injection (NBI) for a combined total power of 11 MW. With intense auxiliary heating, accurate and reliable measurements of the plasma parameters for both machine operation and characterization of the plasma performance over a wide range of conditions will require an extended set of diagnostics. Profile diagnostics will be particularly important in this phase, and in some cases this capability can be achieved by upgrading existing diagnostics. However, many new diagnostic approaches must be implemented which take into account the constraints of a spherical torus device. An overview of the full complement of diagnostics planned for NSTX will be presented, and issues related to implementing each diagnostic will be discussed. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1323478
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Plasma diagnostics for the sustained spheromak physics experiment : Papers from the thirteenth topical conference on high temperature plasma diagnostics (2001)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 72 (2001), S. 556-561 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: In this article we present an overview of the plasma diagnostics operating or planned for the sustained spheromak physics experiment device now operating at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. A set of 46 wall-mounted magnetic probes provide the essential data necessary for magnetic reconstruction of the Taylor relaxed state. Rogowski coils measure currents induced in the flux conserver. A CO2 laser interferometer is used to measure electron line density. Spectroscopic measurements include an absolutely-calibrated spectrometer recording extended domain spectrometer for obtaining time-integrated visible ultraviolet spectra and two time-resolved vacuum monochrometers for studying the time evolution of two separate emission lines. Another time-integrated spectrometer records spectra in the visible range. Filtered silicon photodiode bolometers provide total power measurements, and a 16 channel photodiode spatial array gives radial emission profiles. Two-dimensional imaging of the plasma and helicity injector is provided by gated television cameras and associated image-processing software. An array of fiber-coupled photodetectors with H alpha filters view across the midplane and in the injector region to measure neutral hydrogen concentrations. Several novel diagnostics are being fielded including a transient internal probe (TIP) and an ultrashort-pulse reflectometer (USPR) microwave reflectometer. The TIP probe fires a very high velocity optical bullet through the plasma and will provide fairly nonpertabative internal magnetic field and current measurements to compare with an equilibrium code model fitted to wall-mounted probes. The USPR is being designed to study edge density and turbulent fluctuations. A multipoint Thomson scattering system is currently being installed to give radial temperature and density profiles. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1318246
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