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  • 1
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    Breakthrough of the year. The runners-up (2004)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2004-01-01
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2003 Dec 19;302(5653):2039-45.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14700029" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Angiogenesis Inhibitors/therapeutic use ; Animals ; Astronomical Phenomena ; Astronomy ; Climate ; Germ Cells/cytology/physiology ; Humans ; Mental Disorders/etiology/genetics ; Neoplasms/blood supply/drug therapy ; Physical Phenomena ; Physics ; RNA, Antisense ; *Science/trends ; Stem Cells/physiology ; Y Chromosome/genetics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    PAPER CURRENT
  • 2
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    On the Nature of the Bright Short-Period X-Ray Source in the Circinus Galaxy Field (2004)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-24
    Description: The spectrum and light curve of the bright X-ray source CG X-1 in the field of the Circinus galaxy are reexamined. Previous analyses have concluded that the source is an accreting black hole of mass 〉 or approx. 50 solar masses although it has been noted that the light curve resembles that of an AM Herculis system. Here we show that the short period and an assumed main-sequence companion constrain the mass of the companion to less than 1 solar mass. Furthermore, a possible eclipse seen during one of the Chandra observations and a subsequent XMM-Newton observation constrain the mass of the compact object to less than 60 solar masses. If such a system lies in the Circinus galaxy, then the accreting object must either radiate anisotropically or strongly violate the Eddington limit. Even if the emission is beamed, then the companion star that intercepts this flux during eclipse will be driven out of thermal equilibrium and evaporate within approx. 10(exp 3) yr. We find that the observations cannot rule out an AM Herculis system in the Milky Way and that such a system can account for the variations seen in the light curve.
    Keywords: Astronomy
    Type: The Astrophysical Journal; Vol. 605; 360-367
    Format: text
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  • 3
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    Large Aperture Systems: 2000-2004 (2004)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-08-31
    Description: This custom bibliography from the NASA Scientific and Technical Information Program lists a sampling of records found in the NASA Aeronautics and Space Database. The scope of this topic includes technologies for next generation astronomical telescopes and detectors. This area of focus is one of the enabling technologies as defined by NASA s Report of the President s Commission on Implementation of United States Space Exploration Policy, published in June 2004.
    Keywords: Astronomy
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 4
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    Microcrystals and Amorphous Material in Comets and Primitive Meteorites: Keys to Understanding Processes in the Early Solar System (2004)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-10-02
    Description: Comets, fine-grained matrices of chondrites, and chondritic interplanetary dust particles (IDPs) are each composed of both crystalline and amorphous silicates. The primitive solar nebula, in which comets and asteroids accreted, was formed from the collapsed core of a Giant Molecular Cloud, that, in turn, condensed from materials present in the interstellar medium (ISM). Despite observations that reveal the presence of crystalline magnesium silicate minerals in the shells of very high mass-loss-rate stars [1,2], typical silicate grains in the ISM are most likely to be amorphous, given their relatively long residence time in such a high radiation environment. An upper limit of ~3% crystalline grains can be derived from their non-detection in spectra of ISM solids [3]. If the vast majority of grains that enter the primitive solar nebula are amorphous, then the observation of crystalline dust in comets and primitive chondrite matrices indicates the action of specific processes required to transform the amorphous starting materials into the crystals that are observed.
    Keywords: Astronomy
    Type: Chondrites and the Protoplanetary Disk, Part 3; LPI-Contrib-1218-Pt-3
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  • 5
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    Spotlight on SIM: stellar astrophysics, planet detection, galactic astronomy, extragalactic astrophysics, rotational synthesis, reference frames and grid (2004)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-06-08
    Keywords: Astronomy
    Type: American Astronomical Society; Atlanta, GA; United States
    Format: text
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  • 6
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    Astrometric Discovery of GJ 164B (2004)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-06-11
    Description: We discovered a low-mass companion to the M dwarf GJ 164 with the CCD-based imaging system of the Stellar Planet Survey astrometric program. The existence of GJ 164B was confirmed with Hubble Space Telescope NICMOS imaging observations. A high-dispersion spectral observation in V sets a lower limit of Deltam 〉 2.2 mag between the two components of the system. Based on our parallax value of 82 +/- 8 mas, we derive the following orbital parameters: P = 2.04 +/- 0.03 yr, a = 103 +/- 0.03, and M-total 0.265 +/- 0.020 M-circle dot. The component masses are M-A = 0.170 +/- 0.015 M-circle dot and M-B = 0.095 +/- 0/015 M-circle dot. Based on its mass, colors, and spectral properties, GJ 164B has spectral type M6-M8 V.
    Keywords: Astronomy
    Type: The Astrophysical Journal; Volume 617; 1323-1329
    Format: text
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  • 7
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    Stardust Encounters Comet 81P/Wild 2 (2004)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-06-11
    Description: Stardust successfully encountered comet 81P/Wild 2 on 2 January 2004 at a distance of 236.4 +/- 1 km. All encounter investigations acquired valuable new and surprising findings. The time-of-flight spectrometer registered 29 spectra during flyby and measured the first negative ion mass spectra of cometary particles. The dust detectors recorded particles over a broad mass range, 10(exp -11) to 10(exp -4) g. Unexpectedly, the dust distribution along Stardust's flight path was far from uniform, but instead occurred in short 'bursts', suggesting in-flight breakup of fragments ejected from the nucleus. High-resolution, stunning images of the Wild 2 surface show a diverse and complex variety of landforms not seen from comets 1P/Halley and 19P/Borrelly or icy satellites of the outer solar system. Longer-exposure images reveal large numbers of jets projected nearly around the entire perimeter of the nucleus, many of which appear to be highly collimated. A triaxial ellipsoidal fit of the Wild 2 nucleus images yields the principal nucleus radii of 1.65 X 2.00 X2.75 km (+/- 0.05 km). The orientations and source locations on the nucleus surface of 20 highly collimated and partially overlapping jets have been traced. There is every indication that the expected samples were successfully collected from the Wild 2 coma and are poised for a return to Earth on 15 January 2006.
    Keywords: Astronomy
    Type: Journal Of Geophysical Research; Volume 109
    Format: text
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  • 8
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    Terrestrial Planet Finder Coronagraph Optical Modeling (2004)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-06-11
    Description: The Terrestrial Planet Finder Coronagraph will rely heavily on modeling and analysis throughout its mission lifecycle. Optical modeling is especially important, since the tolerances on the optics as well as scattered light suppression are critical for the mission's success. The high contrast imaging necessary to observe a planet orbiting a distant star requires new and innovative technologies to be developed and tested, and detailed optical modeling provides predictions for evaluating design decisions. It also provides a means to develop and test algorithms designed to actively suppress scattered light via deformable mirrors and other techniques. The optical models are used in conjunction with structural and thermal models to create fully integrated optical/structural/thermal models that are used to evaluate dynamic effects of disturbances on the overall performance of the coronagraph. The optical models we have developed have been verified on the High Contrast Imaging Testbed. Results of the optical modeling verification and the methods used to perform full three-dimensional near-field diffraction analysis are presented.
    Keywords: Astronomy
    Type: Proceedings of SPIE. Space Systems Engineering and Optical Alignment Mechanisms (ISSN 0277-786X/04); Volume 5528
    Format: text
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  • 9
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    The Keck Interferometer Nuller: System Architecture and Laboratory Performance (2004)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-06-11
    Description: The first high-dynamic-range interferometric mode planned to come on line at the Keck Observatory is mid-infrared nulling. This observational mode, which is based on the cancellation of the on-axis starlight arriving at the win Keck telescopes, will be used to examine nearby stellar systems for the presence of circumstellar exozodiacal emission. This paper describes the system level layout of the Keck Interferometer Nuller (KIN), as well as the final performance levels demonstrated in the laboratory integration and test phase at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory prior to shipment of the nuller hardware to the Keck Observatory in mid-June 2004. On-sky testing and observation with the mid-infrared nuller are slated to begin in August 2004.
    Keywords: Astronomy
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  • 10
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    Insight into Primordial Solar System Oxygen Reservoirs from Returned Cometary Samples (2004)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-06-11
    Description: The recent successful rendezvous of the Stardust spacecraft with comet Wild-2 will be followed by its return of cometary dust to Earth in January 2006. Results from two separate dust impact detectors suggest that the spacecraft collected approximately the nominal fluence of at least 1,000 particles larger than 15 micrometers in size. While constituting only about one microgram total, these samples will be sufficient to answer many outstanding questions about the nature of cometary materials. More than two decades of laboratory studies of stratospherically collected interplanetary dust particles (IDPs) of similar size have established the necessary microparticle handling and analytical techniques necessary to study them. It is likely that some IDPs are in fact derived from comets, although complex orbital histories of individual particles have made these assignments difficult to prove. Analysis of bona fide cometary samples will be essential for answering some fundamental outstanding questions in cosmochemistry, such as (1) the proportion of interstellar and processed materials that comprise comets and (2) whether the Solar System had a O-16-rich reservoir. Abundant silicate stardust grains have recently been discovered in anhydrous IDPs, in far greater abundances (200 5,500 ppm) than those in meteorites (25 ppm). Insight into the more subtle O isotopic variations among chondrites and refractory phases will require significantly higher precision isotopic measurements on micrometer-sized samples than are currently available.
    Keywords: Astronomy
    Type: Lunar and Planetary Science XXXV: Special Session: Oxygen in the Solar System, I; LPI-Contrib-1197
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