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  • 1
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    A revision of Scleria (Cyperaceae) in Madagascar (2019)
    Naturalis Biodiversity Center
    In:  Blumea: Biodiversity, Evolution and Biogeography of Plants vol. 64 no. 3, pp. 195-213
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-12
    Description: A taxonomic revision of the genus Scleria (Cyperoideae, Cyperaceae) in Madagascar is presented. Herbarium specimens have been examined and 422 identified to species level. Our results recognise 25 species of Scleria from Madagascar, plus an additional heterotypic variety. Eight species are endemic to Madagascar, two are near endemic, eight taxa are also found on mainland Africa, and eight are widespread tropical taxa. Scleria achtenii is reported from Madagascar for the first time, and S. rosea is accepted at species level instead of being considered as a synonym of S. trialata. Distribution maps, conservation assessments, and notes on synonymy, ecology and ethnobotany are provided. Fourty-seven names are typified. Three rare endemic species: S. andringitrensis, S. madagascariensis and S. perpusilla, are assessed as threatened; and a recently described species, S. ankaratrensis, is indicated as Data Deficient. The most species-rich infrageneric taxa, sections Hypoporum, Abortivae and Foveolidia include 18 taxa in total, and showed strong differences in habitat preference.
    Keywords: Plant Science ; Ecology ; Evolution ; Behavior and Systematics ; conservation ; Cyperaceae ; endemic species ; identification key ; Madagascar ; revision ; Scleria
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 2
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    The European Macroseismic Scale 1992 : (up-dated MSK-scale) (1993)
    In:  Cahiers du Centre Européen de Géodynamique et de Séismologie ; 7
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-12
    Keywords: 550 - Earth sciences
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/book
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 3
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    Ground-based electromagnetic (EM) and drill-hole ice and snow thickness and melt pond depth measurements during Polarstern cruise ARK-IX/4, ARK-XI/1, and ARK-XII (1997)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Haas, Christian; Gerland, Sebastian; Eicken, Hajo; Miller, Heinz (1997): Comparison of sea-ice thickness measurements under summer and winter conditions in the Arctic using a small electromagnetic induction device. Geophysics, 62(3), 749-757, https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1444184
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-12
    Description: Drillhole-determined sea-ice thickness was compared with values derived remotely using a portable small-offset loop-loop steady state electromagnetic (EM) induction device during expeditions to Fram Strait and the Siberian Arctic, under typical winter and summer conditions. Simple empirical transformation equations are derived to convert measured apparent conductivity into ice thickness. Despite the extreme seasonal differences in sea-ice properties as revealed by ice core analysis, the transformation equations vary little for winter and summer. Thus, the EM induction technique operated on the ice surface in the horizontal dipole mode yields accurate results within 5 to 10% of the drillhole determined thickness over level ice in both seasons. The robustness of the induction method with respect to seasonal extremes is attributed to the low salinity of brine or meltwater filling the extensive pore space in summer. Thus, the average bulk ice conductivity for summer multiyear sea ice derived according to Archie's law amounts to 23 mS/m compared to 3 mS/m for winter conditions. These mean conductivities cause only minor differences in the EM response, as is shown by means of 1-D modeling. However, under summer conditions the range of ice conductivities is wider. Along with the widespread occurrence of surface melt ponds and freshwater lenses underneath the ice, this causes greater scatter in the apparent conductivity/ice thickness relation. This can result in higher deviations between EM-derived and drillhole determined thicknesses in summer than in winter.
    Keywords: Arctic Ocean; Ark11_203p1; Ark11_205p1; Ark11_205p2; Ark11_206p1; Ark11_207p1; Ark11_209p1; Ark11_210p1; Ark11_216p1; Ark11_219p1; Ark11_219p3; Ark11_221p1; Ark11_228p1; Ark11_229p1; Ark11_230p1; Ark11_232p1; Ark11_232p2; Ark11_233p1; Ark11_234p1; Ark11_235p1; Ark11_236p1; Ark11_237p1; Ark11_237p2; Ark11_238p1; Ark11_239p1; Ark11_240p1; Ark11_241p1; Ark11_242p1; Ark11_243p1; Ark11_247p1; Ark12_207p1; Ark12_207p2; Ark12_208p1; Ark12_209p1; Ark12_210p1; Ark12_212p1; Ark12_212p2; Ark12_213p1; Ark12_214p1; Ark12_215p1; Ark12_216p1; Ark12_218p1; Ark12_219p1; Ark12_220p1; Ark12_221p1; Ark12_222p1; Ark12_223p1; Ark12_226p1; Ark12_227p1; Ark12_229p1; Ark12_230p1; Ark12_231p1; Ark12_232p1; Ark12_232p2; Ark12_232p3; Ark12_233p1; Ark12_234p1; Ark12_236p1; Ark12_236p2; Ark12_238p1; Ark12_239p1; Ark12_240p1; Ark12_240p2; Ark12_240p3; Ark12_240p4; Ark12_240p5; Ark12_240p6; Ark12_240p7; Ark12_242p1; Ark12_243p1; Ark12_246p1; Ark12_247p1; Ark12_249p1; Ark9_4_246p1; Ark9_4_251p1; Ark9_4_253p1; Ark9_4_254p1; Ark9_4_255p1; Ark9_4_256p1; Ark9_4_257p1; Ark9_4_258p1; Ark9_4_260p1; Ark9_4_261p1; Ark9_4_264p1; ARK-IX/4; ARK-XI/1; ARK-XII; AWI_SeaIce; East Siberian Sea; FEME; ICEM; Ice measurement; Kara/Laptev Sea/Transpolar Drift; Laptev Sea; Polarstern; PS27; PS36; PS41; Remote Sensing of Sea Ice Properties; Sea Ice Physics @ AWI
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 83 datasets
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  • 4
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    Diatom, ice rafted debris and Neogloboquadrina pachyderma (sinistral) abundance in sediment core OCE326-GGC14 (2015)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-12
    Description: A high-resolution diatom census coupled with other proxy data from Laurentian Fan (LF) provides a detailed description of the last deglaciation, bringing new insight to that period by revealing directly the timing of sea-ice formation and melting. Cold events Heinrich Event 1 (H1) and the Younger Dryas (YD) were multiphase events. H1 (~16.8-15.7 cal kyr BP) was defined by a two-pulse release of icebergs promoting sea-ice formation. Melting of sea-ice after H1 corresponds to a cold and fresh anomaly that may have kept the Bølling colder than the Allerød. At ~13.6 cal kyr BP, a cooling trend culminated with sea-ice formation, marking the YD onset (~12.8 cal kyr BP). The decrease in sea-ice (~12.2 cal kyr BP) led to a YD second phase characterized by very cold winters. However, the contribution of warm water diatoms tends to increase at the same time and the YD gradual end (~11.6 cal kyr BP) contrasts with its abrupt end in Greenland ice cores. The YD cannot be regarded as an event triggered by a fresh water input through the Laurentian Channel since only one weak brief input nearly 1000 yrs after its onset is recorded. Very cold and cool conditions without ice mark the following Preboreal. A northward heat flux between 10.8 and 10.2 cal kyr BP was interrupted by the increased influence of coastal waters likely fed by inland melting. There was no further development of sea-ice or ice-drift then.
    Keywords: GGC; Giant gravity corer; North Atlantic; OCE326-GGC14
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 6 datasets
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  • 5
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    Pollen and spores of sites GeoB8331 and GeoB8323, Namaqualand Mudbelt, Holocene South Africa (2015)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Zhao, X; Dupont, Lydie M; Schefuß, Enno; Meadows, Michael E; Hahn, A; Wefer, Gerold (2016): Holocene vegetation and climate variability in the winter and summer rainfall zones of South Africa. The Holocene, 26(6), 843-857, https://doi.org/10.1177/0959683615622544
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-12
    Description: To better understand Holocene vegetation and hydrological changes in South Africa, we analyzed pollen and microcharcoal records of two marine sites GeoB8331 and GeoB8323 from the Namaqualand mudbelt offshore the west coast of South Africa covering the last 9900 and 2200 years, respectively. Our data corroborate findings from literature that climate developments apparently contrast between the summer rainfall zone (SRZ) and winter rainfall zone (WRZ) over the last 9900 years, especially during the early and middle Holocene. During the early Holocene (9900-7800 cal.yr BP), a minimum of grass pollen suggests low summer rainfall in the SRZ, and the initial presence of Renosterveld vegetation indicates relatively wet conditions in the WRZ. Towards the middle Holocene (7800-2400 cal. yr BP), a rather moist savanna/grassland rich in grasses suggests higher summer rainfall in the SRZ resulting from increased austral summer insolation and a decline of fynbos vegetation accompanied by an increasing Succulent Karoo vegetation in the WRZ possibly suggests a southward shift of the Southern Hemisphere westerlies. During the last 2200 years, a trend towards higher aridity was observed for the SRZ, while the climate in the WRZ remained relatively stable. The Little Ice Age (ca. 700-200 cal. yr BP) was rather cool in both rainfall zones and drier in the SRZ while wetter in the WRZ.
    Keywords: Center for Marine Environmental Sciences; MARUM; RAiN; Regional Archives for Integrated iNvestigations
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 8 datasets
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  • 6
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    Investigations on seagrass at Panarea shallow CO2 seeps (2016)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Guilini, Katja; Weber, Miriam; de Beer, Dirk; Schneider, Matthias; Molari, Massimiliano; Lott, Christian; Bodnar, Wanda; Mascart, Thibaud; De Troch, Marleen; Vanreusel, Ann (2017): Response of Posidonia oceanica seagrass and its epibiont communities to ocean acidification. PLoS ONE, 12(8), e0181531, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0181531
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-12
    Description: The unprecedented rate of CO2 increase in our atmosphere and subsequent ocean acidification (OA) threatens coastal ecosystems. To forecast the functioning of coastal seagrass ecosystems in acidified oceans, more knowledge on the long-term adaptive capacities of seagrass species and their epibionts is needed. Therefore we studied morphological characteristics of Posidonia oceanica and the structure of its epibiont communities at a Mediterranean volcanic CO2 vent off Panarea Island (Italy) and performed a laboratory experiment to test the effect of OA on P. oceanica photosynthesis and its potential buffering capacity. At the study site east of Basiluzzo Islet, venting of CO2 gas was controlled by tides, resulting in an average pH difference of 0.1 between the vent and reference site. P. oceanica shoot and leaf density was unaffected by these levels of OA, although shorter leaves at the vent site suggest increased susceptibility to erosion, potentially by herbivores. The community of sessile epibionts differed in composition and was characterized by a higher species richness at the vent site, though net epiphytic calcium carbonate concentration was similar. These findings suggest a higher ecosystem complexity at the vent site, which may have facilitated the higher diversity of copepods in the otherwise unaffected motile epibiont community. In the laboratory experiment, P. oceanica photosynthesis increased with decreasing pHT (7.6, 6.6, 5.5), which induced an elevated pH at the leaf surfaces of up to 0.5 units compared to the ambient seawater pHT of 6.6. This suggests a temporary pH buffering in the diffusive boundary layer of leaves, which could be favorable for epibiont organisms. The results of this multispecies study contribute to understanding community-level responses and underlying processes in long-term acidified conditions. Increased replication and monitoring of physico-chemical parameters on an annual scale are, however, recommended to assure that the biological responses observed during a short period reflect long-term dynamics of these parameters.
    Keywords: ECO2; Sub-seabed CO2 Storage: Impact on Marine Ecosystems
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 9 datasets
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  • 7
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    Characteristics of samples obtained during the expedition to Bol'shoy Lyakhovsky Island in July/August 2014 (2016)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Schwamborn, Georg; Wetterich, Sebastian (2015): Russian-German cooperation CARBOPERM : field campaigns to Bol'shoy Lyakhovsky Island in 2014. Berichte zur Polar- und Meeresforschung = Reports on Polar and Marine Research, 686, 100 pp, https://doi.org/10.2312/BzPM_0686_2015
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-12
    Description: The German-Russian project CARBOPERM – Carbon in Permafrost, origin, quality, quantity, and degradation and microbial turnover - is devoted to studying soil organic matter history, degradation and turnover in coastal lowlands of Northern Siberia. The multidisciplinary project combines research from various German and Russian institutions and runs from 2013 to 2016. The project aims assessing the recent and the ancient trace gas budget over tundra soils in northern Siberia. Studied field sites are placed in the permafrost of the Lena Delta and on Bol'shoy Lyakhovsky, the southernmost island of the New Siberian Archipelago in the eastern Laptev Sea. Field campaigns to Bol'shoy Lyakhovsky in 2014 (chapter 2) were motivated by research on palaeoenvironmental and palaeoclimate reconstruction, sediment dating, near surface geophysics and microbiological research. In particular the field campaigns focussed on: - coring Quaternary strata with a ages back to ~200.000 years ago as found along the southern coast; they allow tracing microbial communities and organic tracers (i.e. lipids and biomarkers, sedimentary DNA) in the deposits across two climatic cycles (chapter 3), - instrumenting a borehole with a thermistor chain for measuring permafrost temperatures (chapter 3), - sampling Quaternary strata for dating permafrost formation periods based on the optical stimulated luminescence (OSL) technique (chapter 4), - sampling soil and geologic formations for carbon content in order to highlight potential release of CO2 and methane based on incubation experiments (chapter 5), - profiling near surface permafrost using ground-penetrating radar and geoelectrics for defining the spatial depositional context, where the cores are located (chapters 6 + 7).
    Keywords: AWI_PerDyn; CARBOPERM; Formation, turnover and release of carbon in Siberian permafrost landscapes; Permafrost Research (Periglacial Dynamics) @ AWI
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 3 datasets
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  • 8
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    Raw X-ray fluorescence (XRF) scannings and radiocarbon age of sediment cores GeoB8323-2, and GeoB8331-4 (2016)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Hahn, Annette; Compton, John S; Meyer-Jacob, Carsten; Kirsten, Kelly L; Lucassen, Friedrich; Mayo, Manuel Pérez; Schefuß, Enno; Zabel, Matthias (2016): Holocene paleo-climatic record from the South African Namaqualand mudbelt: A source to sink approach. Quaternary International, 404, 121-135, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2015.10.017
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-12
    Description: Variations in the sediment input to the Namaqualand mudbelt during the Holocene are assessed using an integrative terrestrial to marine, source to sink approach. Geochemical and Sr and Nd isotopic signatures are used to distinguish fluvial sediment source areas. Relative to the sediments of the Olifants River, craton outcrops in the northern Orange River catchment have a more radiogenic Sr and a more unradiogenic Nd isotopic signature. Furthermore, upper Orange River sediments are rich in heavier elements such as Ti and Fe derived from the chemical weathering of Drakensberg flood basalt. Suspension load signatures change along the Orange River's westward transit as northern catchments contribute physical weathering products from the Fish and Molopo River catchment area. Marine cores offshore of the Olifants (GeoB8323-2) and Orange (GeoB8331-4) River mouths show pulses of increased contribution of Olifants River and upper Orange River input, respectively. These pulses coincide with intervals of increased terrestrial organic matter flux and increased paleo-production at the respective core sites. We attribute this to an increase in fluvial activity and vegetation cover in the adjacent catchments during more humid climate conditions. The contrast in the timing of these wet phases in the catchment areas reflects the bipolar behavior of the South African summer and winter rainfall zones. While rainfall in the Orange River catchment is related to southward shifts in the ICTZ, rainfall in the Olifants catchment is linked to northward shifts in Southern Hemisphere Westerly storm tracks. The later may also have increased southern Benguela upwelling in the past by reducing the shedding of Agulhas eddies into the Atlantic. The high-resolution records of latitudinal shifts in these atmospheric circulation systems correspond to late Holocene centennial-millennial scale climate variability evident in Antarctic ice core records. The mudbelt cores indicate that phases of high summer rainfall zone and low winter rainfall zone humidity (at ca. 2.8 and 1 ka BP) may be synchronous with Antarctic warming events. On the other hand, dry conditions in the summer rainfall zone along with wet conditions in the winter rainfall zone (at ca 3.3, 2 and 0.5 ka BP) may be associated with Antarctic cooling events.
    Keywords: Center for Marine Environmental Sciences; GeoB; Geosciences, University of Bremen; MARUM; RAiN; Regional Archives for Integrated iNvestigations
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 4 datasets
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  • 9
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    Doppler wind lidar plan position indicator scans and atmospheric measurements at the offshore wind farm "Global Tech I" (2019)
    PANGAEA
    In:  ForWind, Institute of Physics, Carl-von-Ossietzky University Oldenburg | Supplement to: Schneemann, Jörge; Rott, Andreas; Dorenkämper, Martin; Steinfeld, Gerald; Kühn, Martin (2020): Cluster wakes impact on a far-distant offshore wind farm's power. Wind Energy Science, 5(1), 29-49, https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-5-29-2020
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-12
    Description: Scanning Doppler wind lidar scans and atmospheric measurements at the offshore wind farm "Global Tech I" in the German North Sea. Wakes of neighbouring wind farm clusters are present in the data.
    Keywords: Adaptive Betriebsführung und Regelung von Offshore-Windparks auf Basis spezifischer Betriebsstrategien zur Ertrags-, Lasten- und Netzoptimierung; Cluster Wakes; Doppler Wind Lidar; Offshore Wind Energy; RAVE-OWP_Control; Scanning Lidar
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 7 datasets
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  • 10
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    Moored measurements of current, temperature and salinity on the Laptev Sea shelf in 2013-2014 (2019)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-12
    Description: A total of four moorings ("1893", "Taymyr", "Kotelny", "Vilkitsky") was deployed in September 2013 during the Transdrift XXI - expedition and recovered in September 2014 during Transdrift XXII aboard the Viktor Buinitsky. The expeditions were carried out in the framework of the German-Russian "Laptev Sea Systems" partnership, and within the BMBF-funded "Transdrift"-project. The moorings were designed to collect information on the general shelf circulation, to study ice-ocean-atmosphere processes, and to understand the role of the Lena River on the oceanography of the Laptev Sea.
    Keywords: Arctic Ocean; AWI_PhyOce; Laptev Sea; Laptev Sea System; LSS; oceanographic moorings; Physical Oceanography @ AWI; System Laptev-Sea: Transdrift; TRANSDRIFT
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 5 datasets
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