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  • thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology  (1,535)
  • 2020-2024  (1,535)
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  • 11
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    Der lange Weg zum Internet (2024)
    transcript Verlag | transcript Verlag
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-16
    Description: Vernetzte Computer sind das wichtigste Kommunikationsmedium unserer Zeit. Die Verschmelzung von Datenverarbeitung und Telekommunikation war allerdings kein gradliniger Prozess. Das neuartige »Medium Computer« entwickelte sich vielmehr in einem komplexen Wechselverhältnis von technologischen Innovationen, dem Wandel von Wirtschafts- und Wettbewerbspolitik sowie gegenkulturellen Strömungen. In seiner zeithistorischen Studie analysiert Matthias Röhr diesen durchwachsenen Verlauf und zeigt auf, wie die Bundespost in den 1970er und 1980er Jahren mit Bildschirmtext und ISDN auf diese Entwicklung reagierte, und warum Hackerkulturen als Reaktion hierauf für ein »Menschenrecht auf freien Datenaustausch« eintraten.
    Keywords: Computer ; Telekommunikation ; Internet ; Geschichte ; Bundespost ; Technik ; Innovation ; Datenverarbeitung ; Industriepolitik ; Globalisierung ; Kulturgeschichte ; Zeitgeschichte ; Technikgeschichte ; Wirtschaftsgeschichte ; Globalgeschichte ; Geschichtswissenschaft ; Digitalisierung ; History ; Federal Post Office ; Technology ; Data Processing ; Industrial Policy ; Globalization ; Cultural History ; Contemporary History ; History of Technology ; Economic History ; Global History ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology ; thema EDItEUR::3 Time period qualifiers::3M c 1500 onwards to present day::3MP 20th century, c 1900 to c 1999::3MPQ Later 20th century c 1950 to c 1999 ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology ; thema EDItEUR::K Economics, Finance, Business and Management::KC Economics::KCZ Economic history
    Language: German
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  • 12
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    Chapter Bayes Theory as a Methodological Approach to Assess the Impact of Location Variables of Hyperscale Data Centres: Testing a Concept (2024)
    Firenze University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: The theme of ’The Impact of Engineering Practices on a Sustainable Built Environment’ emphasises the importance of considering various dimensions of resilient infrastructure. Selecting the location for a Hyperscale Data Centre is a crucial process that involves assessing the impact of various location variables. To determine the viability of a location, it is essential to identify the potential risks associated with each variable. This paper presents a proprietary methodological approach that includes a Delphi study to identify risks, a Likert scoring system to assess prior probabilities, and a Bayesian theory-based decision tree to assess the impact through risk prediction. The paper's contributions are significant, and the proposed methodology makes it possible to predict the risk level of each location variable by identifying the appropriate contingency percentage. The study's findings indicate that the paper's proposed approach is an effective way to mitigate the risks associated with selecting a location for a Hyperscale Data Centre. Embracing this knowledge allows us to align research and practise with the conference’s call to studying the resilience of buildings and infrastructure to natural disasters and climate change, and developing strategies for adaptation and mitigation, ensuring that these practises become integral to shaping the future of Data Centres
    Keywords: Bayes Theorem ; Delphi ; Data Centre ; Location Variables ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology
    Language: English
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  • 13
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    Chapter 4 Nursing a plague: nurses’ perspectives on their work during the United Kingdom HIV/ AIDS crisis, 1981– 96 (2023)
    Manchester University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: As part of the United Kingdom’s response to the escalating HIV/AIDS crisis during the 1980s, special wards and community-based services were established to care for people living with HIV/AIDS (PWHA).  Much of the pioneering and innovative care developed at these centres can be attributed to nurses. However, UK nursing history has hitherto neglected to tell their stories. This chapter rectifies this omission by drawing on a wealth of source material including previously unseen, enlightening, and frequently moving oral histories, as well as archival and news media sources, to explore the actions and perceptions of the UK nurses who cared for PWHA, alongside the reflections of PWHA and their loved ones who received this care. 〈br /〉This chapter reveals how assertive PWHA took control of their own care, often becoming experts on their condition – a phenomenon that challenged ideas of medical paternalism by reclaiming decision-making power in the name of the patient.  We explore questions of ethics and socialisation by analysing how nurses were similarly tasked with deciding what actions were permissible in times of crisis – decisions made along the frequently blurred lines that this crisis drew between private and professional lives. Appreciating the personal draw that HIV/AIDS care had to nurses who identified as queer in particular, and the sense of duty this often evoked, offered a meaningful way of interpreting the research gathered for this chapter.  Last, this makes an important contribution to the documented history of nurses’ experiences and constructions of the care of individuals belonging to stigmatised groups.
    Keywords: nurses; HIV/AIDS; expert by experience; nursing history; responsible subversion; stigma; courtesy stigma; oral history; activism; queer ; thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing::MB Medicine: general issues::MBX History of medicine ; thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing::MJ Clinical and internal medicine::MJC Diseases and disorders::MJCJ Infectious and contagious diseases::MJCJ2 Medicine: HIV/AIDS, retroviral diseases ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology ; thema EDItEUR::3 Time period qualifiers::3M c 1500 onwards to present day::3MP 20th century, c 1900 to c 1999::3MPQ Later 20th century c 1950 to c 1999 ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHD European history
    Language: English
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  • 14
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    The Spectral Arctic (2021)
    UCL Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Visitors to the Arctic enter places that have been traditionally imagined as otherworldly. This strangeness fascinated audiences in nineteenth-century Britain when the idea of the heroic explorer voyaging through unmapped zones reached its zenith. The Spectral Arctic re-thinks our understanding of Arctic exploration by paying attention to the importance of dreams and ghosts in the quest for the Northwest Passage. The narratives of Arctic exploration that we are all familiar with today are just the tip of the iceberg: they disguise a great mass of mysterious and dimly lit stories beneath the surface. In contrast to oft-told tales of heroism and disaster, this book reveals the hidden stories of dreaming and haunted explorers, of frozen mummies, of rescue balloons, visits to Inuit shamans, and of the entranced female clairvoyants who travelled to the Arctic in search of John Franklin’s lost expedition. Through new readings of archival documents, exploration narratives, and fictional texts, these spectral stories reflect the complex ways that men and women actually thought about the far North in the past. This revisionist historical account allows us to make sense of current cultural and political concerns in the Canadian Arctic about the location of Franklin’s ships.
    Keywords: arctic exploration ; spectral arctic ; dreams ; ghosts ; Clairvoyance ; Franklin's lost expedition ; Inuit ; Jane Franklin ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHT History: specific events and topics::NHTB Social and cultural history ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHT History: specific events and topics::NHTD Oral history ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHT History: specific events and topics::NHTM Maritime history ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JB Society and culture: general::JBG Popular beliefs and controversial knowledge::JBGB Folklore studies / Study of myth (mythology) ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JH Sociology and anthropology::JHM Anthropology ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JH Sociology and anthropology::JHM Anthropology::JHMC Social and cultural anthropology ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHB General and world history ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHK History of the Americas ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHQ History of other geographical groupings and regions ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology ; thema EDItEUR::3 Time period qualifiers::3M c 1500 onwards to present day ; thema EDItEUR::3 Time period qualifiers::3M c 1500 onwards to present day::3MP 20th century, c 1900 to c 1999 ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHT History: specific events and topics
    Language: English
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  • 15
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    Whatever Happened to Tory Liverpool? (2023)
    Liverpool University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: In the 1968 local elections the Liverpool Conservatives won 62 percent of the vote and 78 percent of the seats on Liverpool City Council. By 1972 the party had held a majority on Liverpool’s municipal government for 85 of the previous 100 years. But in 1983 they lost their last two MPs, and in 1998 they lost their final councillor. The Conservatives have not won an electoral contest in the city since. Whatever happened to Tory Liverpool? Success, decline and irrelevance since 1945 explores the history of Conservative electoral performance in Liverpool from the end of the Second World War to the present day, and challenges a number of myths regarding the city’s political history: Conservative post-war success was not due to sectarian tensions or false consciousness, and neither was Conservative decline due to Margaret Thatcher. The book takes a multi-method approach to the study of Conservative Party history in Liverpool. It proposes a tripartite framework, which separates the periods of success (1945–1972), decline (1973–1986), and irrelevance (1987 onwards), and argues that each period should be explained by recourse to different phenomena. Only in this way can the complex post-war history of the Conservative Party in Liverpool truly be understood.
    Keywords: Conservative Party; Liverpool; Scouse; Identity; Margaret Thatcher; Sectarianism; Protestant; Politics; Religion; Socialisation ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government ; thema EDItEUR::1 Place qualifiers::1D Europe::1DD Western Europe::1DDU United Kingdom, Great Britain ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology ; thema EDItEUR::3 Time period qualifiers::3M c 1500 onwards to present day::3MP 20th century, c 1900 to c 1999::3MPQ Later 20th century c 1950 to c 1999
    Language: English
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  • 16
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    Literary Hispanophobia and Hispanophilia in Britain and the Low Countries (1550-1850) (2021)
    Amsterdam University Press | Pallas Publications
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Spain has been a fruitful locus for the European imagination for centuries, and it has been most often perceived in black-and-white oppositions -- either as a tyrannical and fanatical force in the early modern period or as an imaginary geography of a ‘Romantic’ Spain in later centuries. However, the image of Spain, its culture and its inhabitants did not evolve inexorably from negative to positive. From the early modern period onwards, it responded to an ambiguous matrix of conflicting Hispanophobic and Hispanophilic representations. Just as in the nineteenth century latent negative stereotypes continued to resurface, even in the Romantic heyday, in the early modern period appreciation for Spain was equally undeniable. When Spain was a political and military superpower, it also enjoyed cultural hegemony with a literary Golden Age producing internationally hailed masterpieces. Literary Hispanophobia and Hispanophilia in Britain and the Low Countries (1550-1850) explores the protracted interest in Spain and its culture, and it exposes the co-existent ambiguity between scorn and fascination that characterizes Western historical perceptions, in particular in Britain and the Low Countries, two geographical spaces with a shared sense of historical connectedness and an overlapping, sometimes complicated, history with Spain.
    Keywords: Literary ; hispanophobia ; Spain ; Britain ; Low countries ; thema EDItEUR::1 Place qualifiers::1D Europe::1DS Southern Europe::1DSE Spain ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology ; thema EDItEUR::3 Time period qualifiers::3M c 1500 onwards to present day
    Language: English
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  • 17
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    Chapter 3 Responding to HIV/ AIDS in European prisons, 1980s– 2000s (2023)
    Manchester University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-08
    Description: As part of the United Kingdom’s response to the escalating HIV/AIDS crisis during the 1980s, special wards and community-based services were established to care for people living with HIV/AIDS (PWHA).  Much of the pioneering and innovative care developed at these centres can be attributed to nurses. However, UK nursing history has hitherto neglected to tell their stories. This chapter rectifies this omission by drawing on a wealth of source material including previously unseen, enlightening, and frequently moving oral histories, as well as archival and news media sources, to explore the actions and perceptions of the UK nurses who cared for PWHA, alongside the reflections of PWHA and their loved ones who received this care. 〈br /〉This chapter reveals how assertive PWHA took control of their own care, often becoming experts on their condition – a phenomenon that challenged ideas of medical paternalism by reclaiming decision-making power in the name of the patient.  We explore questions of ethics and socialisation by analysing how nurses were similarly tasked with deciding what actions were permissible in times of crisis – decisions made along the frequently blurred lines that this crisis drew between private and professional lives. Appreciating the personal draw that HIV/AIDS care had to nurses who identified as queer in particular, and the sense of duty this often evoked, offered a meaningful way of interpreting the research gathered for this chapter.  Last, this makes an important contribution to the documented history of nurses’ experiences and constructions of the care of individuals belonging to stigmatised groups.
    Keywords: nurses; HIV/AIDS; expert by experience; nursing history; responsible subversion; stigma; courtesy stigma; oral history; activism; queer ; thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing::MB Medicine: general issues::MBX History of medicine ; thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing::MJ Clinical and internal medicine::MJC Diseases and disorders::MJCJ Infectious and contagious diseases::MJCJ2 Medicine: HIV/AIDS, retroviral diseases ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology ; thema EDItEUR::3 Time period qualifiers::3M c 1500 onwards to present day::3MP 20th century, c 1900 to c 1999::3MPQ Later 20th century c 1950 to c 1999 ; thema EDItEUR::3 Time period qualifiers::3M c 1500 onwards to present day::3MR 21st century, c 2000 to c 2100 ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHD European history
    Language: English
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  • 18
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    Religious Enlightenment in the eighteenth-century Nordic countries (2024)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-08
    Description: This volume explores how changes that we tend to associate with the Enlightenment were intertwined with practices and rationales within Lutheran confessional culture in the two Nordic states during the long eighteenth century. It does so by examining several well-rehearsed topics of Enlightenment studies. Scientific novelties, realized policies, and reading as well as printing practices are all themes that return in this book; here they are understood in relation to the various modes and rationales of confessional culture. More precisely, all the contributions to the present volume deal with ideas related to three ‘R’s: reason, rationalism and reform. The eighteenth century encountered in this volume is not only a story of clashes and conflicts. Reason is not necessarily seen as replacing religious belief, nor is rationalism viewed as opposed to reasonings occurring within religious policies or institutions. Evidence of reform may in some cases be interpreted as expressions of Enlightenment; but there is a recurring echo of previous religious transformations and measures promoting renewal, not least in relation to the historical experience of the Lutheran Reformation. Therefore, the writers have chosen to place the notion of ‘religious Enlightenment’ at the core of this book. All the various chapters proceed from this fundamental conception in their explorations of ideas and practices that were embedded in a landscape shaped by both reason and orthodoxy.
    Keywords: religious Enlightenment ; confessional culture ; Lutheranism ; early modern history ; historiography ; cameralism ; Pietism ; eighteenth-century Denmark–Norway ; Kingdom of Sweden ; thema EDItEUR::Q Philosophy and Religion::QR Religion and beliefs::QRA Religion: general::QRAX History of religion ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHT History: specific events and topics::NHTB Social and cultural history ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology ; thema EDItEUR::3 Time period qualifiers::3M c 1500 onwards to present day ; thema EDItEUR::1 Place qualifiers::1D Europe::1DN Northern Europe, Scandinavia ; thema EDItEUR::Q Philosophy and Religion::QR Religion and beliefs::QRA Religion: general::QRAX History of religion ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHT History: specific events and topics::NHTB Social and cultural history ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology ; thema EDItEUR::3 Time period qualifiers::3M c 1500 onwards to present day ; thema EDItEUR::1 Place qualifiers::1D Europe::1DN Northern Europe, Scandinavia
    Language: English
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  • 19
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    Rebel with a Cause (2023)
    Waxmann Verlag
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-08
    Description: Published
    Description: Diese Arbeit widmet sich dem in den Niederlanden tätigen religiösen Nonkonformisten Friedrich Breckling (1629–1711). Breckling lehnte sich gegen festgefahrene gesellschaftliche Strukturen auf und wollte seine Ansichten über ein neues Menschen- und Weltbild nach Deutschland transferieren. Er wollte durch eine Reform des Menschen nicht weniger als ein ‚Paradies auf Erden‘ verbreiten. Es sollte seiner Meinung nach jedem möglich sein, seine Auffassungen auf einem offenen religiösen Marktplatz darzubieten. Dadurch half er den „Halleschen Pietismus“ mit vorzubereiten. Sein Leben und Wirken, seine Motivation und Ideen werden in einem niederländischen und einem deutschen Kontext eingeordnet. Außerdem werden die symbolischen „Netze der Bedeutung“, in denen er eingebunden war, einer näheren Untersuchung unterzogen. Die Arbeit versucht zu zeigen, dass es eine Verbindung zwischen Breckling und der niederländischen Frühaufklärung gegeben hat.
    Keywords: Niederlande ; 17. Jahrhundert ; Aufklärung ; Kirchengeschichte ; Kulturtransfer ; bic Book Industry Communication::H Humanities::HR Religion & beliefs::HRC Christianity ; bic Book Industry Communication::H Humanities::HB History::HBL History: earliest times to present day::HBLH Early modern history: c 1450/1500 to c 1700 ; thema EDItEUR::Q Philosophy and Religion::QR Religion and beliefs::QRM Christianity ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology ; thema EDItEUR::3 Time period qualifiers::3M c 1500 onwards to present day
    Language: German
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  • 20
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    People, Texts and Artefacts (2021)
    University of London Press | University of London Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-08
    Description: This volume is based on two international conferences held in 2013 and 2014 at Ariano Irpino, and at Emmanuel College, Cambridge. It contains essays by leading scholars in the field. Like the conferences, the volume seeks to enhance interdisciplinary and international dialogue between those who work on the Normans and their conquests in northern and southern Europe in an original way. This collection has as its central theme issues related to cultural transfer, treated as being of a pan-European kind across the societies that the Normans conquered and as occurring within the distinct societies of the northern and southern conquests. These issues are also shown to be an aspect of the interaction between the Normans and the peoples they subjugated, among whom many then settled.
    Keywords: Early history: c 500 to c 1450/1500 ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology ; thema EDItEUR::3 Time period qualifiers::3K CE period up to c 1500
    Language: English
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