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  • T1-995  (1,132)
  • 2020-2024  (1,132)
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  • 2020-2024  (1,132)
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  • 101
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Soft material-enabled electronics offer distinct advantage, over conventional rigid and bulky devices, for numerous wearable and implantable applications. Soft materials allow for seamless integration with skin and tissues due to enhanced mechanical flexibility and stretchability. Wearable devices, such as sensors, offer continuous, real-time monitoring of biosignals and movements, which can be applied in rehabilitation and diagnostics, among other applications. Soft implantable electronics offer similar functionalities, but with improved compatibility with human tissues. Biodegradable soft implantable electronics are also being developed for transient monitoring, such as in the weeks following surgery. To further advance soft electronics, materials, integration strategies, and fabrication techniques are being developed. This paper reviews recent progress in these areas, toward the development of soft material-enabled electronics for medicine, healthcare, and human-machine interfaces.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; graphene oxide ; biodegradable ; swallowing ; liquid-metal ; freeze–thaw method ; low-profile bioelectronics ; biodegradable electronics ; conductive textile ; capacitive pressure sensor ; soft biomedical electronics ; soft materials ; hybrid transparent conductive electrode ; implantable electronics ; hardening sponge ; superelastic ; stretchable electronics ; RMIS (robot-assisted minimally invasive surgery) ; stretchable ; polydimethylsiloxane ; dysphagia ; miniaturization ; biocompatible ; electroactive hydrogel ; human-machine interfaces ; monitoring ; phase coordination index ; MR sponge ; flexible hybrid electronics ; 6 degrees-of-freedom (6-DOF) MR haptic master ; bioresorbable electronics ; smartphone-based biosensor ; conductive inks ; gait ; micro/nanofabrication ; prosthesis ; implantable materials ; actuation ; wearable electronics ; point-of-care testing ; chromogenic biochemical assay ; implantable devices ; health monitoring ; tongue ; optical fibers ; transient electronics ; healthcare ; carbon-based nano-materials ; silver nanowire ; PDMS optical filter ; bio-integrated electronics ; soft material-based channel ; flexible electronics ; medicine ; optical waveguides ; capacitor ; smart window ; biodegradable materials ; diagnostics ; naked-eye detection ; medical devices ; polyvinyl alcohol ; nitinol ; printing electronics techniques ; polymer-dispersed liquid crystal ; cellulose nanocrystals ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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  • 102
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: The Special Issue Machining—Recent Advances, Applications and Challenges is intended as a humble collection of some of the hottest topics in machining. The manufacturing industry is a varying and challenging environment where new advances emerge from one day to another. In recent years, new manufacturing procedures have retained increasing attention from the industrial and scientific community. However, machining still remains the key operation to achieve high productivity and precision for high-added value parts. Continuous research is performed, and new ideas are constantly considered. This Special Issue summarizes selected high-quality papers which were submitted, peer-reviewed, and recommended by experts. It covers some (but not only) of the following topics: High performance operations for difficult-to-cut alloys, wrought and cast materials, light alloys, ceramics, etc.; Cutting tools, grades, substrates and coatings. Wear damage; Advanced cooling in machining: Minimum quantity of lubricant, dry or cryogenics; Modelling, focused on the reduction of risks, the process outcome, and to maintain surface integrity; Vibration problems in machines: Active and passive/predictive methods, sources, diagnosis and avoidance; Influence of machining in new concepts of machine–tool, and machine static and dynamic behaviors; Machinability of new composites, brittle and emerging materials; Assisted machining processes by high-pressure, laser, US, and others; Introduction of new analytics and decision making into machining programming. We wish to thank the reviewers and staff from Materials for their comments, advice, suggestions and invaluable support during the development of this Special Issue.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; in situ estimation ; modeling ; simulation ; variable pitch ; X-ray diffraction ; cutting edge preparation ; plastic zone ; flank milling ; surface roughness ; power consumption ; cutting tool ; fatigue ; additive manufacturing ; optimization ; trochoidal step ; surface topography ; sinusoidal grid ; milling ; desirability approach ; electrochemical discharge machining ; fast simulation ; Inconel 718 ; secondary adhesion wear ; machinability ; hybrid stacks drilling ; cooling rate ; shape memory alloy ; residual stress ; diameter variation ; turning ; computer vision ; workholding ; on-machine monitoring ; chip morphology ; dry-cutting ; turning machine tools ; SACE-drilled hole depth ; residual stresses ; cryogenic machining ; prime machining costs ; PVD Ti0.41Al0.59N/Ti0.55Al0.45N coating ; single point incremental sheet forming ; butt weld joint ; dish angle ; machining characteristic ; DSC test ; segmented diamond blade ; cutting tool wear ; ultra-precision machining ; ceramics ; shape memory effect ; current density ; fractal dimension ; crack growth rate ; drilling ; force–temperature correlation through analytical modeling ; finite element model ; analytic solution ; aluminium ; taguchi method ; multi-objective optimization ; real-time prediction ; Gamma-TiAl ; cutting temperature ; EN 31 steel ; superalloys ; material-removal rate ; glass machining ; corner radius ; thin-wall machining ; vibration ; GPU ; titanium aluminides ; minimum quantity lubrication ; machining temperatures at two deformation zones ; finite element method ; roughness ; slight materials ; high computational efficiency ; dynamic ; adhesive ; heat transfer analysis ; connections ; stability ; vibrations ; trochoidal milling ; magnesium alloys ; specific cutting energy ; laser-assisted machining ; artificial neutral network ; microscopic analysis ; Milling stability ; topography ; weight loss ; modal testing ; sustainable machining ; dry ; damping ; ductile machining ; Inconel® 718 ; modelling ; cutting edge microgeometry ; electropulsing ; PCD ; cutting geometry ; fixture ; artificial neural networks ; spark-assisted chemical engraving ; machining ; specific energy consumption ; heat transfer search algorithm ; material removal rate ; prediction ; CFRP/UNS A92024 ; tool wear ; titanium alloy ; multi-beam laser ; chip compression ratio ; design of experiments ; concrete ; ANN ; titanium ; chatter ; response surface methodology ; machine tool ; superelastic nitinol ; optimal machining conditions ; machine vision ; steel sheet ; cutting process ; fracture mechanism ; self-excitation ; tool insert condition ; induction assisted milling ; hole quality ; GA ; titanium alloys ; microlens array ; parameter identification ; Taguchi method ; weld reinforcement ; slow tool servo ; cutting parameters ; flank super abrasive machining (SAM) ; stiffness properties ; grey relational analysis ; deflection ; computer numerical control ; grain density ; surface grinding ; the cutting force components ; Huber–Mises stress ; WEDM ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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  • 103
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: The rapid growth of global energy consumption and simultaneous waste discharge requires more sustainable energy production and waste disposal/recovery technology. In this respect, microbial fuel cell and bioelectrochemical systems have been highlighted to provide a platform for waste-to-energy and cost-efficient treatment. Microbial fuel cell technology has also contributed to both academia and industry through the development of breakthrough sustainable technologies, enabling cross- and multi-disciplinary approaches in microbiology, biotechnology, electrochemistry, and bioprocess engineering. To further spread these technologies and to help the implementation of microbial fuel cells, this Special Issue, entitled “Microbial Fuel Cells 2018”, was proposed for the international journal Energies. This Special Issue mainly covers original research and studies related to the above-mentioned topic, including, but not limited to, bioelectricity generation, microbial electrochemistry, useful resource recovery, system and process design, and the implementation of microbial fuel cells.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; TA170-171 ; biogenic conversion ; power density ; treatment efficiency ; microbial fuel cell (MFC) ; flow rate ; hydrogen production ; bioelectrochemical system ; C1 gas ; acetate ; bioelectrochemical reactor ; TiO2 nanotube ; environmental engineering ; lignite ; dye decolorization ; electrodialysis ; Ni–Co alloy ; dilution rate ; substrate supply rate ; carbon monoxide ; inhibition ; microbial fuel cell ; acetosyringone ; anodic volume ; microbial electrolysis cell ; syringaldehyde ; laccase ; methane ; anode distance ; coal ; power generation ; yeast wastewater ; cathode ; renewable energy source ; natural redox mediators ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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  • 104
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: This Special Issue provides an opportunity for researchers in the area of side-channel attacks (SCAs) to highlight the most recent exciting technologies. The research papers published in this Special Issue represent recent progress in the field, including research on power analysis attacks, cache-based timing attacks, system-level countermeasures, and so on.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; n/a ; binary Huff curve ; FPGA ; post quantum cryptography ; data loss ; side-channel cache attacks ; rsa cryptosystem ; first-order analysis ; chaotic circuit ; integrity ; ad libraries ; power-analysis attack ; single trace analysis ; side-channel authentication ; provable security ; ad lib ; cache misses ; cache side-channel attack ; leakage model ; NTRU ; graph ; AES ; hardware security ; recovery of secret exponent by triangular trace analysis ; side-channel attacks ; information leakage ; data outsourcing ; CPLD ; scatter-gather implementation ; modular exponentiation ; lattice-based cryptography ; elliptic curve cryptography ; Gaussian sampling ; post-quantum cryptography ; reliability ; unified point addition ; ad networks ; graph similarity ; mobile ads ; physically unclonable function ; tweakable block cipher ; Merkle (hash) tree ; machine-learning classification ; side channel attack ; online authentication ; side channel analysis ; financial IC card ; side-channel attack ; re-keying ; cloud computing ; cryptographic keys ; chaos theory ; horizontal collision correlation analysis ; countermeasure ; embedded system security ; cache attack ; single-trace attack ; software development kit (SDK) ; CDT sampling ; key bit-dependent attack ; side-channel analysis ; second-order analysis ; constant-time cryptographic algorithm ; android package (APK) ; challenge-response authentication ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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  • 105
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: This collection of 25 research papers comprised of 22 original articles and 3 reviews is brought together from international leaders in bioinformatics and biostatistics. The collection highlights recent computational advances that improve the ability to analyze highly complex data sets to identify factors critical to cancer biology. Novel deep learning algorithms represent an emerging and highly valuable approach for collecting, characterizing and predicting clinical outcomes data. The collection highlights several of these approaches that are likely to become the foundation of research and clinical practice in the future. In fact, many of these technologies reveal new insights about basic cancer mechanisms by integrating data sets and structures that were previously immiscible.
    Keywords: TP248.13-248.65 ; T1-995 ; cancer treatment ; extreme learning ; independent prognostic power ; AID/APOBEC ; HP ; gene inactivation biomarkers ; biomarker discovery ; chemotherapy ; artificial intelligence ; epigenetics ; comorbidity score ; denoising autoencoders ; protein ; single-biomarkers ; gene signature extraction ; high-throughput analysis ; concatenated deep feature ; feature selection ; differential gene expression analysis ; colorectal cancer ; ovarian cancer ; multiple-biomarkers ; gefitinib ; cancer biomarkers ; classification ; cancer biomarker ; mutation ; hierarchical clustering analysis ; HNSCC ; cell-free DNA ; network analysis ; drug resistance ; hTERT ; variable selection ; KRAS mutation ; single-cell sequencing ; network target ; skin cutaneous melanoma ; telomeres ; Neoantigen Prediction ; datasets ; clinical/environmental factors ; StAR ; PD-L1 ; miRNA ; circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) ; false discovery rate ; predictive model ; Computational Immunology ; brain metastases ; observed survival interval ; next generation sequencing ; brain ; machine learning ; cancer prognosis ; copy number aberration ; mutable motif ; steroidogenic enzymes ; tumor ; mortality ; tumor microenvironment ; somatic mutation ; transcriptional signatures ; omics profiles ; mitochondrial metabolism ; Bufadienolide-like chemicals ; cancer-related pathways ; intratumor heterogeneity ; estrogen ; locoregionally advanced ; RNA ; feature extraction and interpretation ; treatment de-escalation ; activation induced deaminase ; knockoffs ; R package ; copy number variation ; gene loss biomarkers ; cancer CRISPR ; overall survival ; histopathological imaging ; self-organizing map ; Network Analysis ; oral cancer ; biostatistics ; firehose ; Bioinformatics tool ; alternative splicing ; biomarkers ; diseases genes ; histopathological imaging features ; imaging ; TCGA ; decision support systems ; The Cancer Genome Atlas ; molecular subtypes ; molecular mechanism ; omics ; curative surgery ; network pharmacology ; methylation ; bioinformatics ; neurological disorders ; precision medicine ; cancer modeling ; miRNAs ; breast cancer detection ; functional analysis ; biomarker signature ; anti-cancer ; hormone sensitive cancers ; deep learning ; DNA sequence profile ; pancreatic cancer ; telomerase ; Monte Carlo ; mixture of normal distributions ; survival analysis ; tumor infiltrating lymphocytes ; curation ; pathophysiology ; GEO DataSets ; head and neck cancer ; gene expression analysis ; erlotinib ; meta-analysis ; traditional Chinese medicine ; breast cancer ; TCGA mining ; breast cancer prognosis ; microarray ; DNA ; interaction ; health strengthening herb ; cancer ; genomic instability ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TC Biochemical engineering::TCB Biotechnology
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  • 106
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Power electronics technology is still an emerging technology, and it has found its way into many applications, from renewable energy generation (i.e., wind power and solar power) to electrical vehicles (EVs), biomedical devices, and small appliances, such as laptop chargers. In the near future, electrical energy will be provided and handled by power electronics and consumed through power electronics; this not only will intensify the role of power electronics technology in power conversion processes, but also implies that power systems are undergoing a paradigm shift, from centralized distribution to distributed generation. Today, more than 1000 GW of renewable energy generation sources (photovoltaic (PV) and wind) have been installed, all of which are handled by power electronics technology. The main aim of this book is to highlight and address recent breakthroughs in the range of emerging applications in power electronics and in harmonic and electromagnetic interference (EMI) issues at device and system levels as discussed in ?robust and reliable power electronics technologies, including fault prognosis and diagnosis technique stability of grid-connected converters and ?smart control of power electronics in devices, microgrids, and at system levels.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; Q-factor ; lithium-ion power battery pack ; electromagnetic field (EMF) ; expert systems ; total harmonic distortion (THD) ; current-fed inverter ; rotor design ; class-D amplifier ; LCL-S topology ; current switching ripple ; system in package ; energy storage modelling ; smart micro-grid ; embedded systems ; equivalent inductance ; SHIL ; permanent magnet ; static var generator (SVG) ; permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) ; control strategy and algorithm ; digital control ; zero-voltage switching (ZVS) ; SOC estimator ; electric power ; optimal design ; electromagnetic field interference (EMI) ; line frequency instability ; analog phase control ; five-phase permanent magnet synchronous machine ; distribution generation ; leakage inductance ; adjacent two-phase open circuit fault (A2-Ph) ; chaotic PWM ; electric vehicles ; CMOS chaotic circuit ; series active filter ; cascaded topology ; total demand distortion ; efficiency motor ; triangular ramp generator ; 4T analog MOS control ; inductive coupling ; induction machines ; nanocrystalline core ; semi-active bridge ; multi-level control ; simulation models ; voltage source inverters (VSI) ; battery management system BMS ; voltage source converter ; current control loops ; droop control ; particle swarm optimization ; variable control gain ; state of charge SoC ; extended Kalman filter ; transient control ; multi-objective optimization ; composite equalizer ; converter ; DHIL ; five-leg voltage source inverter ; axial flux machines ; bifurcation ; active receivers ; field programmable gate array ; Nyquist stability analysis ; electric vehicle ; static compensator ; stability ; common-mode inductor ; DC–DC converters ; support vector machines ; electromagnetic compatibility ; real-time simulation ; passive equalization ; matrix converters ; wireless power transfer ; digital phase control ; compensation topology ; volt-per-hertz control (scalar control) ; switching losses ; voltage control ; hybrid converter ; bidirectional converter ; coupling factor ; selective harmonic elimination method ; power electronics ; soft switching ; optimization design ; multilevel inverter ; five-phase machine ; phase-shift control ; lithium-ion battery ; voltage boost ; VPI active damping control ; parameter identification ; electrical engineering communications ; current control ; DC–DC conversion ; battery management system ; GaN cascode ; single-switch ; high-frequency modeling ; synchronous motor ; power quality ; water purification ; power factor correction (PFC) ; composite active vectors modulation (CVM) ; digital signal controller ; line start ; power density ; hardware in loop ; n/a ; fault diagnosis ; multi-level converter (MLC) ; induction motor ; dual three-phase (DTP) permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs) ; neural networks ; electromagnetic interference filter ; battery chargers ; power converter ; harmonics ; multiphase space vector modulation ; torque ripple ; power factor correction ; electrical drives ; modular multilevel converter (MMC) ; active power filter ; double layer capacitor (DLC) models ; PMSG ; response time ; resonator structure ; floating-point ; effect factors ; DC-link voltage control ; sliding mode control ; phasor model technique ; wireless power transfer (WPT) ; slim DC-link drive ; fault-tolerant control ; lithium-ion batteries ; DC-AC power converters ; conducting angle determination (CAD) techniques ; variable speed pumped storage system ; impedance-based model ; one cycle control ; renewable energy sources ; series-series compensation ; cogging torque ; active rectifiers ; three-level boost converter (TLBC) ; DC-link cascade H-bridge (DCLCHB) inverter ; battery energy storage systems ; filter ; power management system ; improved extended Kalman filter ; dead-time compensation ; disturbance observer ; reference phase calibration ; frequency locking ; space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM) ; predictive controllers ; nine switch converter ; transmission line ; spread-spectrum technique ; energy storage ; electromagnetic interference ; renewable energy resources control ; harmonic linearization ; misalignment ; plug-in hybrid electric vehicles ; high level programing ; nearest level modulation (NLM) ; magnetic equivalent circuit ; EMI filter ; permanent-magnet machines ; real-time emulation ; switched capacitor ; back EMF ; fixed-point ; HF-link MPPT converter ; condition monitoring ; WPT standards ; switching frequency ; switching frequency modelling ; high frequency switching power supply ; field-programmable gate array ; three-phase bridgeless rectifier ; ice melting ; AC–DC power converters ; hybrid power filter ; PSpice ; microgrid control ; total harmonic distortion ; grid-connected inverter ; dynamic PV model ; fuzzy ; boost converter ; SiC PV Supply ; voltage doubling ; nonlinear control ; distributed control ; power system operation and control ; one phase open circuit fault (1-Ph) ; direct torque control (DTC) ; battery modeling ; non-linear phenomena ; frequency-domain analysis ; advanced controllers ; vector control ; fixed-frequency double integral sliding-mode (FFDISM) ; power converters ; modulation index ; DC-DC buck converter ; small signal stability analysis ; active equalization ; voltage source inverter ; hardware-in-the-loop ; current source ; synchronization ; grid-connected VSI ; synchronous generator ; fault tolerant control ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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  • 107
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: With the growing emphasis on enhancing the sustainability and efficiency of industrial plants, process integration and intensification are gaining additional interest throughout the chemical engineering community. Some of the hallmarks of process integration and intensification include a holistic perspective in design, and the enhancement of material and energy intensity. The techniques are applicable for individual unit operations, multiple units, a whole industrial facility, or even a cluster of industrial plants. This book aims to cover recent advances in the development and application of process integration and intensification. Specific applications are reported for hydraulic fracturing, palm oil milling processes, desalination, reactive distillation, reaction network, adsorption processes, herbal medicine extraction, as well as process control.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; input shaping ; n/a ; integrating ; flexibility index ; breakthrough ; mixing ; membrane distillation ; regulatory ; utilisation index ; experimental ; underdamped ; PMPS particles ; EDCs ; phytomedicines ; natural products ; reactive distillation ; optimisation ; optimization ; multiple steady state ; steady state simulation ; design ; CFD-simulation ; manufacturing ; compartmental modeling ; energy ; surrogate-based optimization ; adsorption ; feasible operating range analysis ; model order reduction ; competing reaction system ; desalination ; extraction ; water ; mathematical programming ; graphical approach ; hydraulic fracturing ; unstable ; humidification ; reaction conversion ; dehumidification ; TAME synthesis ; fixed-bed column ; predictive control ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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  • 108
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Construction materials are the most widely used materials for civil infrastructure in our daily lives. However, from an environmental point of view, they consume a huge amount of natural resources and generate the majority of greenhouse gasses. Therefore, many new and novel technologies for designing environmentally friendly construction materials have been developed recently. This Special Issue, “Environment-Friendly Construction Materials”, has been proposed and organized as a means to present recent developments in the field of construction materials. It covers a wide range of selected topics on construction materials.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; fluorescence spectrum ; microstructure ; regeneration ; sensitivity analysis ; asphalt mixes ; limestone aggregates ; bio-oil ; plateau value of dissipated strain energy ratio ; diatomite ; water-leaching pretreatment ; fatigue performance ; ultra-thin wearing course ; recycling aggregate ; design optimization ; induction heating ; vibration noise consumption ; bitumen ; relaxation ; viscous-elastic temperature ; field evaluation ; healing agents ; transmittance ; Ca-alginate microcapsules ; artificially aged asphalt mixture ; sequencing batch Chlorella reactor ; waste concrete ; plant ash lixivium ; steel fiber ; ultra-high performance concrete ; titanate coupling agent ; SEM ; self-healing ; physical properties ; porous pumice ; thermal–mechanical properties ; aggregate morphology ; asphalt mortar ; adhesion energy ; styrene–butadiene–styrene (SBS) modified bitumen ; water solute exposure ; emulsified asphalt ; demulsification speed ; mineral-asphalt mixtures ; aging processes ; phase change materials ; surface texture ; long-term drying shrinkage ; contact angle ; aging depth ; asphalt ; calcium alginate capsules ; nitrogen and phosphorus removal ; micro-morphology ; rice husk ash ; low-temperature ; cement ; hydrophobic nanosilica ; asphalt mixture ; thickness combinations ; layered double hydroxide ; initial self-healing temperature ; environmentally friendly construction materials ; epoxidized soybean oil ; limestone ; chemical evolutions ; temperature sensitivity characteristics ; micro-surfacing ; cement emulsified asphalt mixture ; dynamic characteristics ; high-strength concrete ; flame retardant ; durability ; creep ; damping ; damage constitutive model ; Ultra-High Performance Concrete (UHPC) ; granite aggregate ; diatomite-modified asphalt mixture ; healing model ; asphalt combustion ; freeze-thaw cycle ; SBS-modified bitumen ; workability ; graphene ; flow behavior index ; fluidity ; parametrization ; fatigue property ; rankinite ; railway application ; crystallization sensitivity ; aqueous solute compositions ; pozzolanic reaction ; self-healing asphalt ; recycled material ; artificial neural network ; rheological properties ; molecular dynamic simulation ; building envelopes ; aluminum hydroxide ; crumb rubber ; optimization ; viscoelasticity ; building energy conservation ; diffusing ; anti-rutting agent ; molecular bridge ; engineered cementitious composites (ECC) ; pavement performance ; morphology ; colloidal structure ; hydrophilic nanosilica ; construction materials ; road engineering ; laboratory evaluation ; rejuvenator ; fatigue equation ; aggregates ; three-point bending fatigue test ; energy-based approach ; aggregate from sanitary ceramic wastes ; polyacrylic acid ; mastic ; CO2 ; specific surface area ; aggregate image measurement system ; solubilizer ; flexibility ; simplex lattice design ; SBS/CRP-modified bitumen ; water stability ; fatigue life ; rejuvenating systems ; skid-resistance ; reclaimed asphalt pavement ; rheology ; hydration characteristic ; surface energy ; modified asphalt materials ; asphalt pavement ; stripping test ; SOD ; tensile stresses ; ultraviolet radiation ; basalt fiber ; “blue-shift” ; polyvinyl alcohol ; sanitary ceramics ; dynamic moduli ; aggregate characteristics ; compound modify ; expanded graphite ; steel slag ; induced healing ; thermal property ; effective heating depth ; dissipated strain energy ; MDA ; mechanical behavior ; plateau value of permanent deformation ratio ; long-term field service ; crack healing ; desulphurization gypsum residues ; pavement failure ; rejuvenation ; interfacial transition zone ; combination ; polyethylene glycol ; adsorption ; tensile strains ; cold recycled asphalt mixture ; resistance to deformations ; asphalt-aggregate adhesion ; viscoelastic properties ; damage evolution ; carbonation ; microwave heating ; amorphous silica ; high-modulus asphalt mixture (HMAM) ; hot mix asphalt containing recycled concrete aggregate ; microfluidic ; dynamic responses ; concrete ; asphalt mastic ; crumb rubber powder ; response surface methodology ; nanomaterial ; self-compacting concrete (SCC) ; rutting factor ; X-ray computed tomography ; fiber modification ; overlay tester ; rubber modified asphalt ; ageing ; aged bitumen ; aged asphalt ; recycling ; damage characteristics ; dynamic tests ; permeation ; ageing resistance ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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  • 109
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Nanocelluloses: Synthesis, Modification and Applications is a book that provides some recent enhancements of various types of nanocellulose, mainly bacterial nanocellulose, cellulose nanocrystals and nanofibrils, and their nanocomposites. Bioactive bacterial nanocellulose finds applications in biomedical applications, https://doi.org/10.3390/nano9101352. Grafting and cross-linking bacterial nanocellulose modification emerges as a good choice for improving the potential of bacterial nanocellulose in such biomedical applications as topical wound dressings and tissue-engineering scaffolds, https://doi.org/10.3390/nano9121668. On the other hand, bacterial nanocellulose can be used as paper additive for fluorescent paper, https://doi.org/10.3390/nano9091322, and for the reinforcement of paper made from recycled fibers, https://doi.org/10.3390/nano9010058. Nanocellulose membranes are used for up-to-date carbon capture applications, https://doi.org/10.3390/nano9060877. Nanocellulose has been applied as a novel component of membranes designed to address a large spectrum of filtration problems, https://doi.org/10.3390/nano9060867. Poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) in random composite mats prepared using the electrospinning method are widely characterized in a large range of physical chemical aspects, https://doi.org/10.3390/nano9050805. Similarly, physical chemical aspects are emphasized for carboxylated cellulose nanofibrils produced by ammonium persulfate oxidation combined with ultrasonic and mechanical treatment, https://doi.org/10.3390/nano8090640. It is extraordinary how nanocellulose can find application in such different fields. Along the same lines, the contributions in this book come from numerous different countries, confirming the great interest of the scientific community for nanocellulose.
    Keywords: TP248.13-248.65 ; T1-995 ; tensile strength ; amino acid ; poly (vinyl alcohol) ; Eu ion ; recycled fiber ; bacterial nanocellulose ; Fenton reagent ; cross-linking ; electrospinning ; biomedical applications ; complex ; fluorescent paper ; nanocomposite ; vancomycin ; reinforcement ; carbon source ; in situ modification ; facilitated transport ; water application ; scanning electron microscopy ; nanocellulose ; cellulosic fiber ; rheology ; polymer nanocomposites ; selective separation ; durability ; oxidation ; thermogravimetric analysis ; ex situ modification ; methacrylate ; nanofibrils ; bacterial cellulose ; ammonium persulfate ; high shear mixer ; ionic liquid ; tensile properties ; bioactive bacterial nanocellulose ; gas separation membranes ; CO2 separation ; dispersion ; cellulose nanocrystals ; ciprofloxacin ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TC Biochemical engineering::TCB Biotechnology
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  • 110
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: This volume provides unique views of combustion from many technical and international research perspectives.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; hydrate ignition ; lean flames ; Atkinson cycle ; heavy metals ; iso-octane ; quantitative reaction pathway diagrams ; watery flames ; CeO2 doping ; hydrogen yield ; climate change ; mitigation ; computational fluid dynamics ; solid fuel ; cleaner combustion ; GRI-Mech 3.0 ; steam methane reformer ; emission characteristics ; flue gas mercury removal ; chemical analysis ; combustion ; Lewis number ; powder coke ; methane ; hydrate flame spectrum ; oxidizer ratio ; fluidized bed ; swirling burner ; CFD ; methane clathrate ; fuel rich/lean combustion ; general correlations ; control system efficiency ; MP-PIC method ; wall shear stress ; activated carbon sorbent ; density functional theory(DFT) calculations ; energy management ; self-similar spherical flame propagation ; bioethanol ; biofuel burner ; ultra-lean methane flame ; NO emissions ; tubular diffusion flame ; flaring angle ; methane–air combustion ; methane/air ; low load ; short stroke engine ; porous plate reactor ; combustion adjustment ; ecological fuels ; field study ; air-pollution control ; methane hydrate ; gas hydrate ; battery recycling ; hydrate combustion ; oxy-fuel combustion ; high-pressure turbulent burning velocity ; tube surface temperature ; PIV ; cooking stove ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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  • 111
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: In the industrial manufacturing of metals, the achievement of products featuring desired characteristics always requires the control of process parameters in order to obtain a suitable microstructure. The strict relationship among process parameters, microstructure, and mechanical properties is a matter of interest in different areas, such as foundry, plastic forming, sintering, welding, etc., and regards both well-established and innovative processes. Nowadays, circular economy and sustainable technological development are dominant paradigms and impose an optimized use of resources, a lower energetic impact of industrial processes and new tasks for materials and products. In this frame, this Special Issue covers a broad range of research works and contains research and review papers.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; high speed steel ; n/a ; tempering ; microstructure. ; microstructure ; severe plastic deformation ; aging treatment ; indentation hardness ; Nb tube ; secondary recrystallization ; static mechanical behavior ; image analysis ; nanostructured coatings ; thin aluminum sheet ; precipitation behavior ; additive manufacturing ; Ti-6Al-4V alloy ; grain boundary ; property-microstructure-process relationship ; aeronautic applications ; inductive hot pressing ; fracture surface ; indentation modulus ; alloys ; intermetallic ; ultrafine grain ; columnar microstructure ; titanium composites ; multimodal ; steering knuckles ; ultra-fine grain ; damping ; process monitoring ; Al alloys ; tribology ; retained austenite ; mechanical properties ; texture inhomogeneity ; metal posts ; FEGSEM ; ?-platelet thickness ; anelasticity ; warm working ; dental materials ; computer-aided design (CAD) ; SEM ; high strength ; SEBM ; non-monotonic simple shear strains ; cavitation erosion ; aluminum film ; impact toughness ; wear ; mechanical property ; in situ secondary phases ; bainite rail ; corrosion resistance ; macro-instrumented indentation test ; EBM ; cryorolling ; aluminum alloy ; equal channel angular pressing ; microstructure inhomogeneity ; casting ; electron backscatter diffraction ; prediction model ; grain boundaries ; porosity ; texture ; high pressure die casting ; shear strain reversal ; finite element analysis ; thin films ; AZ91 alloy ; tensile properties ; tensile property ; Al 6061 alloys ; aging ; reduction ; Mg-10Y-6Gd-1.5Zn-0.5Zr ; caliber-rolling ; shrinkage ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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  • 112
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: The Special Issue “Refrigeration Systems and Applications” aims to encourage researchers to address the concerns associated with climate change and the sustainability of artificial cold production systems, and to further the transition to the more sustainable technologies and methodologies of tomorrow through theoretical, experimental, and review research on the different applications of refrigeration and associated topics.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; artificial neural network ; P-? indicator diagram ; r1234ze(e) ; experimental ; ethylene-glycol nanofluids ; HFO ; magneto-caloric effect ; thermodynamic analysis ; HVAC ; refrigerant reclamation ; domestic refrigeration system ; distillation ; R-410A ; energy efficiency ; energy consumption ; LiCl-H2O ; acetoxy silicone rubber ; exergy analysis ; two-phase ejector ; modelling ; Cu nanofluids ; off-design behaviors ; eddy currents ; heat transfer ; phase change material ; r1234yf ; superheating ; irreversibility ; gadolinium ; CFD ; artificial neural network (ANN) ; CO2 ; chiller energy consumption ; vapor compression system ; thermal energy storage ; heat pump ; nanofluids ; thermodynamic performance ; transiting exergy ; caloric cooling ; solid-state cooling ; LiBr-H2O ; parasitic heat load ; hydraulic turbine ; calculation model ; magnetic refrigeration ; coefficient of performance ; transcritical system ; magnetocaloric effect ; LaFe13 ? x ? yCoxSiy ; twin-screw refrigeration compressor ; absorption refrigeration system ; thermal load ; ejector refrigeration technology ; barocaloric ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Humidity detection has deep significance for the scientific research surrounding medical care and human performance, and the industrial development of agriculture, geography and automated instruments. This special issue aims to showcase some of the advancements in humidity sensor design and calibration, and its applications. The selected papers cover a variety of humidity sensor-related topics including material science, chemistry and industrial engineering. Through dedicated contributions from peer reviewers and the editorial team, this book aims to offers reader some insight into the field of humidity sensor development and use.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; emissivity ; transient response ; Trace moisture ; user interaction ; IDE ; SHT75 ; random shocks ; humidity sensor ; calibration points ; measurement uncertainty ; humidity ; porous materials ; building materials ; Monte Carlo method ; relative humidity ; capacitive sensors ; reliability model ; microwave resonator ; remote sensing ; body-seat interface ; low pressure ; moisture ; low temperature ; bio fuel ; three-dimensional graphene foams ; moisture measurement ; dual temperature-humidity sensor ; humidity sensors ; FD ; consumer grade weather stations ; CO2 ; fast response ; frequency domain ; dependent competing failure ; dielectric constant ; time domain reflectometry ; agriculture ; saturated salt solutions ; winter fire risk ; Mars in-situ measurements ; experimental simulation chambers ; paper mill ; capacitive ; sitting rate ; infrared radiant source ; calibration ; capacitive humidity sensors ; self-recovery ; carbon dioxide ; TDR ; ball SAW sensor ; Martian atmosphere ; surface acoustic wave ; permeation tube ; thermal impact ; SIDE ; surface soil water content ; PI ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Five papers were selected for this Special Issue, with three relating to solar energy applications in houses, smart cities, and microgrids; one studying the relationship between the smart city model and the concept of energy sustainability; and one addressing the following two topics: the lack of effectiveness of detection algorithms based on the voltage/frequency displacement concept under voltage-controlled inverters and the applicability limits of others based on the impedance measurement (IM).
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; voltage source converters ; thermal performance ; carbon-acetone nanofluid ; solar cooling ; n-pentane ; graphene ; renewable energy ; environmental sustainability ; impedance measurement ; microgrids ; energy security ; Thermal performance ; isolated community ; tilt angle ; TRNSYS ; filling ratio ; Energy Trilemma Index ; thermosyphon ; anti-islanding ; energy sustainability ; evacuated tube ; PV self-consumption ; solar collector ; smart cities ; absorption chiller ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Kinetics and reactor modeling for heterogeneous catalytic reactions are prominent tools for investigating and understanding catalyst functionalities at nanoscale and the related rates of complex reaction networks. This book illustrates some examples related to the transformation of simple to more complex feedstocks, including different types of reactor designs, i.e., steady-state, transient plug flow reactors, and TAP reactors for which there is sometimes a strong gap in the operating conditions from ultra-high-vacuum to high-pressure conditions. In conjunction, new methodologies have emerged, giving rise to more robust microkinetics models. As exemplified, they include the kinetics and the dynamics of the reactors and span a large range of length and time scales. The objective of this Special Issue is to provide contributions that can illustrate recent advances and novel methodologies for elucidating the kinetics of heterogeneous reactions and the necessary multiscale approach for optimizing the reactor design. This book is dedicated to postgraduate and scientific researchers, and experts in heterogeneous catalysis. It may also serve as a source of original information for the elaboration of lessons on catalysis for Master students.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; microkinetics ; n/a ; internal effectiveness factor ; FTIR spectroscopy ; automation ; power-law ; AEIR method ; promoter ; TAP reactor ; rhodium ; Temkin model ; mechanism analysis ; H2S ; N2O ; catalytic decomposition ; cracking ; 1 ; 2 ; methanol-to-olefins (MTO) ; zeolite ; ZSM-23 ; kinetic model ; pilot-scale fixed-bed reactor ; methane ; effective diffusion coefficient ; SAPO-18 ; kinetics ; alkali metal ; ZSM-5 ; digitalization ; gas-phase oxidation ; kinetic modeling ; temporal analysis of products ; selective oxidation ; Methyl Ethyl Ketone ; amorphous calcium phosphate ; reactor modeling ; HNO3 ; 3-Butadiene ; transient kinetics ; catalytic combustion ; cobalt mixed oxide ; 3-Butanediol dehydration ; ammonia decomposition ; heats of adsorption ; Pd/?-Al2O3 ; SAPO-34 ; Langmuir–Hinshelwood ; hierarchical graphite felts ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: MEDER 2018, the IFToMM International Symposium on Mechanism Design for Robotics, was the fourth event in a series that was started in 2010 as a specific conference activity on mechanisms for robots. The aim of the MEDER Symposium is to bring researchers, industry professionals, and students together from a broad range of disciplines dealing with mechanisms for robots, in an intimate, collegial, and stimulating environment. In the 2018 MEDER event, we received significant attention regarding this initiative, as can be seen by the fact that the Proceedings contain contributions by authors from all around the world.The Proceedings of the MEDER 2018 Symposium have been published within the Springer book series on MMS, and the book contains 52 papers that have been selected after review for oral presentation. These papers cover several aspects of the wide field of robotics dealing with mechanism aspects in theory, design, numerical evaluations, and applications.This Special Issue of Robotics (https://www.mdpi.com/journal/robotics/special_issues/MDR) has been obtained as a result of a second review process and selection, but all the papers that have been accepted for MEDER 2018 are of very good quality with interesting contents that are suitable for journal publication, and the selection process has been difficult.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; n/a ; robot control ; cylindrical ; V2SOM ; 3-UPU parallel mechanism ; McKibben muscle ; compliance control ; gait planning ; grasp stability ; robot singularity ; safety mechanism ; robot ; exercising device ; hexapod walking robot ; inadvertent braking ; energy efficiency ; robotic cell ; humanoid robots ; collaborative robot ; robot wrists ; humanoid robotic hands ; stability ; cable-driven robots ; image processing ; fail-safe operation ; VSA ; graphical user interface ; computer-aided design ; robotic legs ; human-robot-interaction ; shape changing ; painting robot ; shape memory alloy ; velocity control ; underactuated fingers ; safe physical human–robot interaction (pHRI) ; human-machine interaction ; compliant mechanism ; iCub ; robot-assisted Doppler sonography ; pHRI ; spherical parallel mechanism ; mobile manipulation ; economic locomotion ; haptic glove ; learning by demonstration ; robot kinematics ; variable stiffness actuator (VSA) ; workspace analysis ; singularity analysis ; collaborative robots ; parallel mechanisms ; rolling ; SMA actuator ; elliptical ; cable-driven parallel robots ; non-photorealistic rendering ; redundancy ; kinematic redundancy ; variable stiffness actuator ; trajectory planning ; kinematics ; pneumatic artificial muscle ; artistic rendering ; force reflection ; safe physical human–robot interaction ; orientational mechanisms ; teleoperation ; actuation burden ; cobot ; hand exoskeleton ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Climate change, urban air quality, and dependency on crude oil are important societal challenges. In the transportation sector especially, clean and energy efficient technologies must be developed. Electric vehicles (EVs) and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) have gained a growing interest in the vehicle industry. Nowadays, the commercialization of EVs and PHEVs has been possible in different applications (i.e., light duty, medium duty, and heavy duty vehicles) thanks to the advances in energy storage systems, power electronics converters (including DC/DC converters, DC/AC inverters, and battery charging systems), electric machines, and energy efficient power flow control strategies. This book is based on the Special Issue of the journal Applied Sciences on “Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEVs)”. This collection of research articles includes topics such as novel propulsion systems, emerging power electronics and their control algorithms, emerging electric machines and control techniques, energy storage systems, including BMS, and efficient energy management strategies for hybrid propulsion, vehicle-to-grid (V2G), vehicle-to-home (V2H), grid-to-vehicle (G2V) technologies, and wireless power transfer (WPT) systems.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; hybrid energy storage system ; plug-in hybrid electric vehicle ; Li-ion battery ; emerging electric machines ; lithium-ion capacitor ; electric vehicles (EVs) ; efficient energy management strategies for hybrid propulsion systems ; plug-in hybrid ; attributional ; electric vehicle ; energy system ; energy efficiency ; modified one-state hysteresis model ; air quality ; adaptive neuron-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) ; Markov decision process (MDP) ; simulated annealing ; Paris Agreement ; mobility needs ; interleaved multiport converte ; dynamic programming ; state of health estimation ; strong track filter ; LCA ; modelling ; consequential ; losses model ; voltage vector distribution ; parallel hybrid electric vehicle ; electricity mix ; time-delay input ; convex optimization ; lifetime model ; artificial neural network (ANN) ; Li(Ni1/3Co1/3Mn1/3)O2 battery ; battery power ; CO2 ; capacity degradation ; regenerative braking ; open-end winding ; novel propulsion systems ; group method of data handling (GMDH) ; state of charge ; Well-to-Wheel ; energy storage systems ; including wide bandgap (WBG) technology ; wide bandgap (WBG) technologies ; marginal ; lithium polymer battery ; life-cycle assessment (LCA) ; energy management ; dual inverter ; lithium-ion battery ; measurements ; plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) ; emerging power electronics ; Q-learning (QL) ; fuel consumption characteristics ; Plugin Hybrid electric vehicle ; Energy Storage systems ; meta-analysis ; range-extender ; engine-on power ; reinforcement learning (RL) ; multi-objective genetic algorithm ; power sharing ; energy management strategy ; power distribution ; hybrid electric vehicles ; system modelling ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: The mitigation of oil spills is an important facet of environmental protection. Understanding oil spills is a first step toward preventing and minimizing their damage to the environment. This compilation presents several of the current studies related to such an understanding of oil spills and the environment.〈false,>This book is a compilation of 14 papers presenting new developments in the field of oil spills, giving insight into the rapidly changing world of oil spill studies and technology. The 14 papers included cover topics varying from risk analysis to oil spill remote sensing. Broadly categorized, included are six papers on modeling, four papers on remote sensing, three papers on risk assessment, and one paper on oil spill countermeasures. Each paper presents a unique insight into a facet of oil spill research and technology. The authors of these papers represent many different countries and affiliations around the world.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; TA170-171 ; n/a ; environmental monitoring ; Italian seas ; simulation ; Kotor bay ; RANS ; oil spill ; reflection coefficient ; Lagrangian particle dispersion ; dispersion effectiveness (DE) ; M/V Marathassa oil spill ; wave tank ; environmental resources ; emergency management ; statistical region-based classification ; trajectory model ; proactive systems ; OSCAR ; oil slicks characterization ; synthetic aperture radar ; multi-frequency detector ; Salish Sea ; coastal protection ; Outer Continental Shelf ; man-made oil spills ; non-breaking ocean waves ; methods of vulnerability mapping to oil ; Campeche Bay ; oil-slick discrimination algorithm ; arithmetic operations with rank values ; oil spill pollution ; petrogenic oil-slick category ; coastal flow ; numerical simulation ; probability density function ; polarimetric SAR data (PolSAR) ; the English Bay ; PROMETHEE methodology ; ordinal values ; oil spill accidents ; Western Canadian Select (condensate mixed with synthetic crude/bitumen-dilsynbit) ; RADARSAT ; hindcast ; Princeton Ocean Model ; contingency plan ; statistical analysis ; ocean trajectory ; the problems of vulnerability maps development ; Heidrun ; Foss Barge ; marine information systems ; polarized SAR data ; oil spill mitigation plans ; probability of detection ; contingency planning ; oil spill model ; FVCOM ; Synthetic Bitumen (synthetic crude/bitumen-Synbit) ; electromagnetic roughness ; windage ; Access Western Blend (condensate/bitumen-dilbit) ; dispersant ; naturally-occurring oil seeps ; oil spills ; Point Wells ; model comparison ; remote sensing ; decision support systems ; oil spill response ; exploratory data analysis ; random walk method ; signal integration ; impact modeling ; low atmosphere ; numerical forecasting tool ; multiple observations ; uncertainty maps ; risk modelling ; oil spill risk analysis ; Gulf of Mexico ; trajectory analysis ; Vancouver Harbour ; sea-coastal zones ; marine pollution ; GNOME ; oil thickness ; UAVSAR ; LES ; BLOSOM ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Energy storage systems have been recognized as viable solutions for implementing the smart grid paradigm, but have created challenges in terms of load levelling, integrating renewable and intermittent sources, voltage and frequency regulation, grid resiliency, improving power quality and reliability, reducing energy import during peak demand periods, and so on. In particular, distributed energy storage addresses a wide range of the above potential issues, and it is gaining attention from customers, utilities, and regulators. Distributed energy storage has considerable potential for reducing costs and improving the quality of electric services. However, installation costs and lifespan are the main drawbacks to the wide diffusion of this technology. In this context, a serious challenge is the adoption of new techniques and strategies for the optimal planning, control, and management of grids that include distributed energy storage devices. Regulatory guidance and proactive policies are urgently needed to ensure a smooth rollout of this technology. This book collects recent contributions of methodologies applied to the integration of distributed energy storage devices in smart power systems. Several areas of research (optimal siting and sizing of energy storage systems, adaption of energy storage systems to load leveling and harmonic compensation, integration for electric vehicles, and optimal control systems) are investigated in the contributions collected in this book.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; decision theory ; voltage dips ; robust optimization ; Multiport Converter (MPC) ; storage ; uncertainty ; harmonics ; battery energy storage systems (BESS) ; second life batteries ; optimization ; stationary storage ; charging station ; scheduling ; Energy Storage Device (ESD) ; Grid Connected Photovoltaic Systems (GCPVS) ; plug-in ; electricity market ; economic analysis ; batteries ; distribution system ; distribution network planning ; Electric Vehicle (EV) ; active harmonic filter ; Intelligent Energy Management System (iEMS) ; battery electric vehicle ; fast charge ; microgrid planning ; EV ; planning ; BEV ; energy storage system ; decision-making ; power quality ; electrical energy storage systems ; load leveling ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: This Special Issue of Minerals presents recent, select studies that highlight advances in the fields of hydro- and biohydrometallurgy. It aims to attract the interest of readers and especially of young scientists and students in this fascinating scientific discipline.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; n/a ; counter-current leaching ; metal extraction ; slag ; low-grade saprolitic laterite ; agglomeration ; bioleaching ; white metal ; precipitation ; iodide ; seawater ; reducing agent ; chloride ; chalcopyrite ; pyrite–arsenopyrite galvanic pair ; frontier orbital methods ; acid media ; bottom ash ; phosphorus ; manganese nodules ; waste reuse ; galvanic effect ; gold diiodide ; municipal solid waste incineration ; jarosite ; column leaching ; secondary mining ; iodide-oxidizing bacteria ; leaching ; primary sulfide copper ; heap leaching ; electrochemical ; optimization of parameters ; chloride ion ; reductive mineral dissolution ; tailings ; curing ; acid leaching ; secondary products ; uranium ; ferric ion ; Acidithiobacillus ; limonitic laterites ; iron reduction ; fluorapatite ; nitrate ; gold ; phosphate mineral ; purification ; iodine ; nickel ; sodium sulfite ; pregnant leach solution ; copper sulfide ; sulphuric acid ; laterites ; REE ; pretreatment ; triiodide ; laterite ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Computational intelligence is a general term for a class of algorithms designed by nature's wisdom and human intelligence. Computer scientists have proposed many computational intelligence algorithms with heuristic features. These algorithms either mimic the evolutionary processes of the biological world, mimic the physiological structure and bodily functions of the organism,
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; individual updating strategy ; integrated design ; global optimum ; flexible job shop scheduling problem ; whale optimization algorithm ; EHO ; bat algorithm with multiple strategy coupling (mixBA) ; multi-objective DV-Hop localization algorithm ; optimization ; rock types ; variable neighborhood search ; biology ; average iteration times ; CEC2013 benchmarks ; slicing tree structure ; firefly algorithm (FA) ; benchmark ; single loop ; evolutionary computation ; memetic algorithm ; normal cloud model ; 0-1 knapsack problems ; elite strategy ; diversity maintenance ; material handling path ; artificial bee colony algorithm (ABC) ; urban design ; entropy ; evolutionary algorithms (EAs) ; monarch butterfly optimization ; numerical simulation ; architecture ; set-union knapsack problem ; Wilcoxon test ; convolutional neural network ; global position updating operator ; particle swarm optimization ; computation ; minimum load coloring ; topology structure ; adaptive multi-swarm ; minimum total dominating set ; mutation operation ; shape grammar ; greedy optimization algorithm ; ?-Hilbert space ; genetic algorithm ; large scale optimization ; large-scale optimization ; NSGA-II-DV-Hop ; constrained optimization problems (COPs) ; first-arrival picking ; transfer function ; SPEA 2 ; stochastic ranking (SR) ; wireless sensor networks (WSNs) ; acceleration search ; convergence point ; fuzzy c-means ; evolutionary algorithm ; success rates ; Artificial bee colony ; particle swarm optimizer ; random weight ; range detection ; adaptive weight ; large-scale ; automatic identification ; cloud model ; swarm intelligence ; evolutionary multi-objective optimization ; DV-Hop algorithm ; bat algorithm (BA) ; Friedman test ; quantum uncertainty property ; facility layout design ; local search ; deep learning ; Y conditional cloud generator ; benchmark functions ; discrete algorithm ; dispatching rule ; DE algorithm ; nonlinear convergence factor ; energy-efficient job shop scheduling ; t-test ; evolution ; dimension learning ; global optimization ; confidence term ; elephant herding optimization ; moth search algorithm ; evolutionary ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: We are pleased to present this book, which is a reprint of articles from the Special Issue entitled “Extraction Strategies to Recover Bioactive Compounds, Incorporation into Food, and Health Benefits” published online in the open access journal Foods (ISSN 2304-8158) from 2019 to 2020 (available at: https://www.mdpi.com/journal/foods/special_issues/extraction). Firstly, this book gathers studies addressing several strategies applied to obtain bioactive products and extracts, not only from food matrices but also from agri-food byproducts, which can serve as new natural additives, nutraceuticals, and functional ingredients for pharmaceutical, cosmetics, and food industries. In particular, free and bound phenolic compounds are explored in buckwheat, sesame, and olive leafy byproducts. Overall, these studies outline new valorization methods and offer new opportunities for alternative practices in the agro-industrial sector that help to migrate toward a circular bioeconomy model. This book also presents studies that predict bioactive components in fruits through mathematical tools and support the formulation of a novel beverage rich in resveratrol, a phenolic compound whose bioactivity is well recognized.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; biorefinery ; rice wine ; n/a ; color ; phenolic compounds ; Polygonum cuspidatum ; antioxidant activity ; ultrafiltration ; naranjilla ; Sesamum indicum L. ; buckwheat flours ; milling fractions ; HPLC–MS ; chemometrics ; olive leaves ; vegetable protein ; Andean blueberry ; phenolic acids ; agri-food residues ; resveratrol ; RP-HPLC–DAD–QTOF-MS ; piceid ; goldenberry ; free and bound phenolic compounds ; clarification ; metaheuristic techniques ; tamarillo ; lignans ; ultrasound ; blackberry ; sesame cake ; mathematical model ; bioactive compounds ; araza ; oleuropein ; flavonoids ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: The Special Issue ‘Physical Metallurgy of High Manganese Steels’ addresses the highly fascinating class of manganese-alloyed steels with manganese contents well above 3 mass%. The book gathers manuscripts from internationally recognized researchers with stimulating new ideas and original results. It consists of fifteen original research papers. Seven contributions focus on steels with manganese contents above 12 mass%. These contributions cover fundamental aspects of process-microstrcuture-properties relationships with processes ranging from cold and warm rolling over deep rolling to heat treatment. Novel findings regarding the fatigue and fracture behavior, deformation mechanisms, and computer-aided design are presented. Additionally, the Special Issue also reflects the current trend of reduced Mn content (3-12 mass%) in advanced high strength steels (AHSS). Eight contributions were dedicated to these alloys, which are often referred to as 3rd generation AHSS, medium manganese steels or quenching and partitioning (Q&P/Q+P) steels. The interplay between advanced processing, mainly novel annealing variants, and microstructure evolution has been addressed using computational and experimental approaches. A deeper understanding of strain-rate sensitivity, hydrogen embrittlement, phase transformations, and the consequences for the materials’ properties has been developed. Hence, the topics included are manifold, fundamental-science oriented and, at the same time, relevant to industrial application.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; TN1-997 ; n/a ; TRIP ; microstructure ; medium-manganese steel ; dislocation density ; V alloying ; ultrafine grains ; intercritical annealing ; medium manganese steel ; fracture ; precipitations ; twinning induced plasticity ; deformation behavior ; fatigue ; austenite-reversed-transformation ; medium-manganese ; Lüders band ; medium-Mn steel ; fatigue behavior ; alloy design ; austenitic high nitrogen steel (HNS) ; high-entropy alloys ; mechanical properties ; retained austenite ; high-manganese steel ; localized deformation ; phase transformation ; austenite stability ; processing ; strain-hardening behavior ; TWIP steel ; recrystallization annealing ; damage ; strengthening ; cold rolling ; ultrafine-grained microstructure ; serrated flow ; multiscale simulation ; deformation twinning ; annealing ; high-Mn steels ; corrosion resistance ; TWIP ; quenching and partitioning ; high manganese steel ; lightweight ; residual stresses ; in-situ DIC tensile tests ; crash box ; deep rolling ; high strength steel ; plastic deformation ; MMn steel X20CrNiMnVN18-5-10 ; neutron diffraction ; phase field simulation ; dynamic strain aging ; cold deformation ; near surface properties ; P steel ; continuous annealing ; texture ; hydrogen embrittlement ; hot-stamping ; warm rolling ; strain-rate sensitivity ; austenite reversion ; D&amp ; forging ; high-manganese steels ; grain refinement ; double soaking ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: The aim of this Special Issue is to present the latest theoretical and experimental achievements concerning the mechanisms of microstructural change in metallic materials subject to different processing methods, and their effect on mechanical properties. It is my pleasure to present a series of compelling scientific papers written by scientists from the community of transition group metals, alloys, and intermetallic compounds.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; TA401-492 ; delamination ; laser metal deposition ; metal matrix composites (MMCs) ; magnesium alloy ; laminate ; microstructure ; CoCrMoSi alloy coatings ; high-pressure torsion ; twin roll casting ; mechanical characterization ; AZ91 ; solidification thermal parameters ; deformation behavior ; additive manufacturing ; fatigue ; Ti-6Al-4V ; composite ; laser engineered net shaping ; tribaloy-type alloy ; spark plasma sintering ; cross-channel extrusion (CCE) ; magnesium alloys ; Z-pin reinforcement ; creep ; metal matrix composites ; z-pinning ; Ti3SiC2 ; mechanical properties ; ultrafine microstructure ; hardness ; Cu-Al-Ni-Fe bronze alloys ; z-pin reinforcement ; high pressure torsion ; high energy ball milling ; phase dissolution ; carbon fiber ; MAX phase ; honeycomb structure ; Ti6Al4V alloy ; energy absorption ; laser processing ; physical modeling technique (PMT) ; Mg-Zn-Al-Ca alloy ; metal–matrix composites (MMCs) ; processing map ; titanium alloys ; AA2519 ; LENS ; T-800 alloy ; numerical simulation (FEM) ; Cu–Ag alloy ; specific intermetallics ; calcium ; back pressure (BP) ; texture ; high pressure die casting ; fractography ; microhardness ; heat treatment ; structure ; flow curve ; dynamic tests ; strengthening mechanisms ; electron microscopy (in situ SEM) ; friction stir welding ; Laves phase ; Laser Engineered Net Shaping (LENSTM) ; Inconel 625 ; severe plastic deformation (SPD) ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: We are immersed in the so-called digital energy network, continuously introducing new technological advances for a better way of life. Numerous emerging words are in the spotlight, namely: Internet of Things (IoT), Big Data, Smart Cities, Smart Grid, Industry 4.0, etc. To achieve this formidable goal, systems should work more efficiently, and this fact inevitably leads to power quality (PQ) assurance. Apart from its economic losses, a bad PQ implies serious risks for machines, and consequently for people. Many researchers are endeavoring to develop new analysis techniques, instruments, measurement methods, and new indices and norms that match and fulfil the requirements regarding the current operation of the electrical network. This book offers a compilation of the some recent advances in this field. The chapters range from computing issues to technological implementations, going through event detection strategies and new indices and measurement methods that contribute significantly to the advancement of PQ analysis. Experiments have been developed within the frames of research units and projects, and deal with real data from industry and public buildings. Human beings have an unavoidable commitment with sustainability, which implies adapting PQ monitoring techniques to our dynamic world, defining a digital and smart concept of quality for electricity.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; modulation ; FPGA ; flicker ; DC power quality indices ; limited resources hardware ; low cost monitor ; dynamic phasor estimation ; harmonics ; RMS voltage estimation ; islanding operation ; embedded system ; signal waveform compression ; big data ; digital signal processing ; data scalability ; data compression ; wind-grid distribution ; voltage fluctuations ; smart grid (SG) applications ; power event detection ; modelling ; voltage ripple ; power quality monitoring ; higher-order statistics (HOS) ; power distribution systems ; power quality disturbances ; reconfigurable computing ; operation analysis ; sensor node ; power quality (PQ) ; distribution networks ; wireless sensor network ; reliability ; power system measurements ; embedded microcontroller ; phasor measurement units ; IoT ; soft computing ; smart grids ; power quality monitor ; induction machines ; sensors and instruments for PQ ; Kalman filters ; low-voltage DC networks ; convolution neural network ; spectral kurtosis ; municipal distribution network ; statistical signal processing ; detection ; power quality disturbance ; smart grid ; energizing warning ; dense-mesh topology ; low computational cost ; fourth-order statistics ; PQ indices and thresholds ; machine learning ; voltage sags ; power quality ; computational solutions for advanced metering infrastructure (AMI) ; constant amplitude trend ; phasor measurement ; improved principal component analysis ; long-term ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: The term ‘biomedical engineering’ refers to the application of the principles and problem-solving techniques of engineering to biology and medicine. Biomedical engineering is an interdisciplinary branch, as many of the problems health professionals are confronted with have traditionally been of interest to engineers because they involve processes that are fundamental to engineering practice. Biomedical engineers employ common engineering methods to comprehend, modify, or control biological systems, and to design and manufacture devices that can assist in the diagnosis and therapy of human diseases. This Special Issue of Fluids aims to be a forum for scientists and engineers from academia and industry to present and discuss recent developments in the field of biomedical engineering. It contains papers that tackle, both numerically (Computational Fluid Dynamics studies) and experimentally, biomedical engineering problems, with a diverse range of studies focusing on the fundamental understanding of fluid flows in biological systems, modelling studies on complex rheological phenomena and molecular dynamics, design and improvement of lab-on-a-chip devices, modelling of processes inside the human body as well as drug delivery applications. Contributions have focused on problems associated with subjects that include hemodynamical flows, arterial wall shear stress, targeted drug delivery, FSI/CFD and Multiphysics simulations, molecular dynamics modelling and physiology-based biokinetic models.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; risk assessment ; n/a ; stability study ; inclined ?-channel ; lab-on-a-chip ; pipette Petri dish single-cell trapping (PP-SCT) ; Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm ; drug delivery ; human biomonitoring ; abdominal aortic aneurysm ; shikonin ; hyaluronic ; Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) ; exposure reconstruction ; doxorubicin ; biokinetics ; blood flow ; gelation ; hyperbranched polyester ; single cell analysis ; capillary ; liposomes ; meniscus ; small vessel ; spreading ; alkannin ; hydrogel ; single-cell trapping ; drug delivery system ; microfluidics ; viscoelastic ; CFD ; FFMR ; computational fluid dynamics simulations ; biochemical processes ; hematocrit ; pressure drop ; passive trapping ; dipalmitoylphosphatidylglycerol (DPPG) ; arterial wall shear stress ; cell capture ; free-flowing film ; falling film microreactor ; non-Newtonian ; pulsatile flow ; tilt trapping ; haematocrit ; ?-PIV ; viscous ; hydrodynamics ; gravitational ; fluid–structure interaction ; blood ; physiology-based biokinetics ; simulations ; droplet spreading ; human bio-monitoring ; shear thinning ; Fluid-Structure Interaction (FSI) ; cancer ; bisphenol A ; Casson fluid ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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  • 127
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Advances in the knowledge of the tangible components (position, size, shape) and intangible components (identity, habits) of an historic building or site involves fundamental and complex tasks in any project related to the conservation of cultural heritage (CH). In recent years, new geotechnologies have proven their usefulness and added value to the field of cultural heritage (CH) in the tasks of recording, modeling, conserving, and visualizing. In addition, current developments in building information modeling (HBIM), allow integration and simulation of different sources of information, generating a digital twin of any complex CH construction. As a result, experts in the area have increased the number of available sensors and methodologies. However, the quick evolution of geospatial technologies makes it necessary to revise their use, integration, and application in CH. This process is difficult to adopt, due to the new options which are opened for the study, analysis, management, and valorization of CH. Therefore, the aim of the present Special Issue is to cover the latest relevant topics, trends, and best practices in geospatial technologies and processing methodologies for CH sites and scenarios as well as to introduce the new tendencies. This book originates from the Special Issue “Data Acquisition and Processing in Cultural Heritage”, focusing primarily on data and sensor integration for CH; documentation/restoration in CH; heritage 3D documentation and modeling of complex CH sites; drone inspections in CH; software development in CH; and augmented reality in CH. It is hoped that this book will provide the advice and guidance required for any CH professional, making the best possible use of these sensors and methods in CH.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; laser-scanning ; visualization ; cylinder fitting ; replica ; regression analysis ; augmented reality ; CATCHA ; Dazu Thousand-Hand Bodhisattva statue ; geomatics ; thermal dynamics ; terrestrial laser scanning ; navigation ; 3D reconstruction ; real-time ; digital documentation ; terraces ; laser scanning ; point clouds ; cultural heritage site ; multi-scale ; spatial geometric features ; vernacular ; instant tracking ; heritage ; community ; monitoring ; planar representation of vault ; cultural heritage ; integrated three-dimensional modeling ; cultural heritage documentation ; open-source software ; computer graphics ; MMS ; multi-sensor ; 4D modeling ; Arches-HIP ; multiscale ; data integration ; skeleton line ; data fusion ; close range photogrammetry ; drones ; UNESCO ; web-based GIS ; photogrammetry ; UAV ; thermal imaging ; lost heritage ; cultural heritage preservation ; virtual restoration ; out of plumb ; SLAM ; camera tracking ; LiDAR ; unmanned aerial vehicle photogrammetry ; point cloud ; tropical ; dry-stone walls ; multisensor ; heritage resources management ; frescoed vault ; 3D models ; landscape ; 3D printing ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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  • 128
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: This Special Issue with 35 published articles shows the significance of the topic “Signal Processing and Analysis of Electrical Circuit”. This topic has been gaining increasing attention in recent times. The presented articles can be categorized into four different areas: signal processing and analysis methods of electrical circuits; electrical measurement technology; applications of signal processing of electrical equipment; fault diagnosis of electrical circuits. It is a fact that the development of electrical systems, signal processing methods, and circuits has been accelerating. Electronics applications related to electrical circuits and signal processing methods have gained noticeable attention in recent times. The methods of signal processing and electrical circuits are widely used by engineers and scientists all over the world. The constituent papers represent a significant contribution to electronics and present applications that can be used in industry. Further improvements to the presented approaches are required for realizing their full potential.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; n/a ; fault diagnosis ; FPGA ; induction motor ; SAR ADC ; accuracy ; spectral analysis ; multi-sensor fusion ; tilt sensor ; least squares solution ; method of images ; wasps ; spatially adapted regularization parameter ; noise reduction ; phase angle ; fault injection ; direct sampling ; ADMM ; transmitter ; hardware ; frequency characteristic ; reconstruction probability ; array signal processing ; bees ; multigroup scan ; tuning ; method ; receiver ; underwater acoustic signal ; channel-selection-embedded bootstrap ; demodulation ; low noise ; time delay ; low-cost ; insects ; Resistance-to-Period converter ; frequency standard comparator ; system errors ; microcontroller ; ICEEMD ; phase-locked loop ; broadband ; loop delay circuit ; CMOS technology ; hierarchical heterogeneous multi-DAG workflow ; electrochemical impedance spectroscopy ; compressed sensing ; induced current ; pole-frequency ; e-traps ; rod electrode ; Support Vector Machines ; ratiometric technique ; differential capacitive sensor ; feature extraction ; night vision ; intention of movement classification ; chebyshev polynomial ; RDL ; time-interleaved ; binary search ; current buffer ; power management integrated circuit ; induced charge ; direct digital synthesizer (DDS) ; dynamic comparator ; chirality ; high speed ; SIMON ; duffing chaotic oscillator (DCO) ; DAC ; digital image ; VMD ; short-circuit fault ; comparator ; commutator motor ; fruit flies ; power randomization ; Shannon entropy ; secret image sharing ; interconnect line ; ADC ; automatic calibration ; signal processing ; image fusion ; EMG-Signals ; LiDAR odometry ; 3D-IC design ; phase difference ; matrix eigen-perturbation theory ; delay cell ; analog-to-digital converter ; brick-wall filter ; current mirror ; DC–DC converter ; measurement noise suppression ; class AB operation ; Cramér–Rao bound ; impulse noise ; chain matrix ; frequency tuning word (FTW) ; stability ; colluder attack ; range sensing ; resolver ; IMF ; NILT ; acoustic ; sensor data fusion ; multichannel acquisition ; simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) ; successive approximation register ; passive resistor ; ripple voltage measurement ; capacitance-to-time conversion ; switched capacitor ; heterogeneous earliest finish time ; variational mode decomposition (VMD) ; offset calibration ; color palette ; low power ; segmented pre-quantization and bypass ; quasi floating gate ; Fresnel lens ; LVDS ; peak-ripple estimation ; electrostatic induction ; correlation function ; ship-radiated noise ; attenuation ; PM/PWM ; impedance spectrometry ; TSV noise coupling ; ultrasonic phased array ; Chebyshev filter ; true-time-delay ; technique ; permutation entropy (PE) ; CMOS ; stochastic gradient ; image restoration ; double rate ; asynchronous ; complementary filters ; Inner and outer product ; optoelectronics ; singular value decomposition ; signal analysis ; robust read-out circuits ; low-power ; HOCTVL1 ; overlap-add processing ; fuzzy logic ; differential power analysis (DPA) ; random noise ; wingbeat ; discrete wavelet transform ; tensor ; intelligent vehicles ; estimated sparsity ; Doppler shifts ; FRA ; direct position determination ; dual Mixing Time difference ; all-pass filter ; APF ; n-out-of-n scheme ; high-speed serial interface ; CNFET ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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  • 129
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: The focus of this Special Issue is aimed at enhancing the discussion of Engineering Education, particularly related to technological and professional learning. In the 21st century, students face a challenging demand: they are expected to have the best scientific expertise, but also highly developed social skills and qualities like teamwork, creativity, communication, or leadership. Even though students and teachers are becoming more aware of this necessity, there is still a gap between academic life and the professional world. In this Special Edition Book, the reader can find works tackling interesting topics such as educational resources addressing students’ development of competencies, the importance of final year projects linked to professional environments, and multicultural or interdisciplinary challenges.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; thick target yield ; 52Mn ; radioisotope production ; magnetron sputtering ; thorium ; theranostics ; molecular sieve desiccant ; medical radioisotope production ; vortex target ; radioisotope target processing ; gamma spectroscopy ; solid ; azeotropic mixtures ; disposable kit ; filament ; targetry ; radiopharmaceuticals ; medical cyclotrons ; unconventional radionuclides ; radioisotope targetry ; thermal study ; recycling of [18O]-water ; medical radioisotopes ; powder target ; metal 3D-printing ; medical cyclotron ; cyclotron ; stacked-foils ; copper-64 ; stack-foil ; targets ; SPECT ; monitor reaction ; purification ; numerical analysis ; carbon-11 ; copper-61 ; boron nitride nanotubes ; radiometals ; radioactive impurities ; solid target system ; Ga-68 ; BNNTs ; spallation ; recoil escape ; cyclotron target ; target stations ; 70 MeV cyclotron ; irradiation ; liquid targets ; target temperature ; separation ; solid target ; enrichment grade ; Molybdenum-100 ; cyclotron solid target ; radionuclides ; ion accelerator ; heavy Rare Earth Elements (hREE) ; molybdenum material recovery ; beam energy ; cyclotrons ; resin ; medical isotopes ; target chemistry ; solid radioisotope targets ; 165Er ; targeted alpha therapy ; gallium-68 ; radionuclide production ; titanium-45 ; medical Sc radioisotopes ; radioisotopes ; liquid and gas targets ; ion source ; actinium-225 ; ANSYS ; cross-section reconstruction ; thick target yield measurements ; cross-section ; Technetium-99m ; fractional distillation ; Radionuclide Yield Calculator ; Gallium-68 ; proton target ; PET ; thick film deposition ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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  • 130
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: The role that combustion plays in the world’s energy systems will continue to evolve with the changes in technological demands. For example, the challenges that we face today are more focused on the conservation of energy and addressing environmental concerns, which together necessitate cleaner and more efficient combustion processes using a range of fuel sources. This book includes contributions to highlight the recent progress in theory and experiments, development, and demonstration of technologies and systems involving combustion processes, for the production, storage, use, and conservation of energy.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; steam ejector ; vortex ; detonation combustion ; engine valve system control ; canola oil (Co) ; eddy-generation mechanism ; critical back pressure ; hydrogen ; internal combustion engine ; combustion modelling ; frequency ; stationary wavelet packet transform ; numerical investigations ; gasoline engine ; experiment ; flame length ; vehicle dynamic model ; micro-scale combustion ; operating parameter ; high pressure gas jet ; entrainment ratio ; hot jet detonation initiation technique ; Mahalanobis distance ; tunable diode laser absorption tomography ; diffusion flames ; flame acceleration ; wet steam model ; computational fluid dynamics ; biofuel ; NOx emission index ; micro power generation ; acoustic ; gasoline vehicles ; turbulence ; CO2 emission ; fire suppression system ; shock wave ; engine valve systems ; combustion ; driving cycles ; diesel fuel (Df) ; fire whirl ; dual-fuel engine ; combustion optimization ; CI engine ; electric vehicles ; flow structure ; PPCI diesel engine ; ignition position ; exhaust gas ; alternative fuel ; fuel injector ; large eddy simulation ; pilot injection ; flame-front ; similarity analysis ; fuel combustion ; jet penetration ; temperature ; combustion waste heat ; pumping performance ; compression ignition ; planer laser tomography ; n-hexane ; condensation effect ; root mean square error ; High speed PIV ; diesel engine ; common rail ; detailed chemistry ; stationary wavelet transform ; shock-mixing layer ; flame propagation ; continuously variable valve systems ; flow-field ; direct injection ; combustion noise ; injection ; global residence time ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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  • 131
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Modern power systems are affected by many sources of uncertainty, driven by the spread of renewable generation, by the development of liberalized energy market systems and by the intrinsic random behavior of the final energy customers. Forecasting is, therefore, a crucial task in planning and managing modern power systems at any level: from transmission to distribution networks, and in also the new context of smart grids. Recent trends suggest the suitability of ensemble approaches in order to increase the versatility and robustness of forecasting systems. Stacking, boosting, and bagging techniques have recently started to attract the interest of power system practitioners. This book addresses the development of new, advanced, ensemble forecasting methods applied to power systems, collecting recent contributions to the development of accurate forecasts of energy-related variables by some of the most qualified experts in energy forecasting. Typical areas of research (renewable energy forecasting, load forecasting, energy price forecasting) are investigated, with relevant applications to the use of forecasts in energy management systems.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; forecast combination ; solar energy ; electricity price forecasting ; calibration window ; heuristic algorithm ; deep learning ; electric load forecasting ; smart grids ; hierarchical load forecasting ; predictive distribution ; solar PV ; solar farm ; microgrid ; energy management ; lower and upper bound estimation ; solar power prediction ; interval prediction ; kernel density estimation ; average probability forecast ; probabilistic forecasting ; forecasting ; distributed energy resources ; photovoltaic power ; conditional predictive ability ; clearness index ; Fourier series ; combining forecasts ; weather station combination ; distributed generation ; clear sky index ; extreme learning machine ; ensemble methods ; pinball score ; autoregression ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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  • 132
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: There is growing interest in the use of physical plasmas (ionized gases) for biomedical applications, especially in the framework of so-called “plasma medicine”, which exploits the action of low-power, atmospheric pressure plasmas for therapeutic purposes. Such plasmas are “cold plasmas”, in the sense that only electrons have a high temperature, whereas ions and the neutral gas particles are at or near room temperature. As a consequence, the “plasma flame” can be directly applied to living matter without appreciable thermal load. Reactive chemical species, charged particles, visible and UV radiation, and electric fields are interaction channels of the plasma with pathogens, cells, and tissues, which can trigger a variety of different responses. Possible applications include disinfection, wound healing, cancer treatment, non-thermal blood coagulation, just to mention some. The understanding of the mechanisms of plasma action on living matter requires a strongly interdisciplinary approach, with competencies ranging from plasma physics and technology to chemistry, to biology and finally to medicine. This book is a collection of work that explores recent advances in this field.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; n/a ; decontamination ; plasma-treated water ; tissue damage ; regeneration ; Escherichia coli ; water treatment ; kINPen ; biofilm ; dielectric barrier discharge ; metamorphosis ; non-thermal plasma ; lymphocytes ; low-current arc ; keratinocytes ; ultrastructure ; tap water ; bio-target ; head and neck squamous cell carcinoma ; infection ; oxygen plasma ; tadpoles ; dentistry ; apoptosis ; fear-free dentistry ; plasma-surface interaction ; plasma medicine ; macrophages ; plasma-activated medium ; reactive oxygen species ; developmental plasticity ; reactive species ; atmospheric pressure plasma jet (APPJ) ; cold atmospheric plasmas ; jet plasma ; cold atmospheric plasma jet ; bio-decontamination ; atmospheric pressure plasma ; cold argon plasma ; RONS ; plasma device ; blood coagulation ; mitochondria ; antimicrobial activity ; tooth whitening ; cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) ; plasma ; inductively-limited discharge ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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  • 133
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: The content of this Special Issue will highlight papers exploring non-commutative Fourier harmonic analysis, spectral properties of aperiodic order, the hypoelliptic heat equation, and the relativistic heat equation in the context of Information Theory and Geometric Science of Information.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; glucose-dependent dielectric properties ; bioradar ; dielectric measurements ; dielectric spectroscopy ; snare ; RF sensing ; microwave breast imaging ; stress detection ; microwave resonators ; dielectric properties ; equipment-related confounders ; EMR ; monitoring ; phantom ; tissue-related confounders ; microwave imaging ; automated breast diagnosis ; breast cancer detection ; dielectric characterization ; blood glucose levels ; breast cancer diagnosis ; numerical calculation ; breast phantoms ; tomography ; image-guided ; on-site validation ; microwave tomography ; microwave ; non-invasive measurement ; on-body antennas ; psychophysiological state monitoring ; thermal ablation ; microwave ablation ; biological tissues ; breast cancer ; open-ended coaxial probe ; brain stroke monitoring ; machine learning ; patient study ; UWB diagnostics ; reconstruction ; medical radar ; unobtrusive monitoring ; medical imaging ; microwave spectroscopy ; UWB breast and head phantoms ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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  • 134
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: This book contains 37 papers by 73 renowned experts from 13 countries around the world, on following topics: neutrosophic set; neutrosophic rings; neutrosophic quadruple rings; idempotents; neutrosophic extended triplet group; hypergroup; semihypergroup; neutrosophic extended triplet group; neutrosophic extended triplet semihypergroup and hypergroup; neutrosophic offset; uninorm; neutrosophic offuninorm and offnorm; neutrosophic offconorm; implicator; prospector; n-person cooperative game; ordinary single-valued neutrosophic (co)topology; ordinary single-valued neutrosophic subspace; ?-level; ordinary single-valued neutrosophic neighborhood system; ordinary single-valued neutrosophic base and subbase; fuzzy numbers; neutrosophic numbers; neutrosophic symmetric scenarios; performance indicators; financial assets; neutrosophic extended triplet group; neutrosophic quadruple numbers; refined neutrosophic numbers; refined neutrosophic quadruple numbers; multigranulation neutrosophic rough set; nondual; two universes; multiattribute group decision making; nonstandard analysis; extended nonstandard analysis; monad; binad; left monad closed to the right; right monad closed to the left; pierced binad; unpierced binad; nonstandard neutrosophic mobinad set; neutrosophic topology; nonstandard neutrosophic topology; visual tracking; neutrosophic weight; objectness; weighted multiple instance learning; neutrosophic triangular norms; residuated lattices; representable neutrosophic t-norms; De Morgan neutrosophic triples; neutrosophic residual implications; infinitely ?-distributive; probabilistic neutrosophic hesitant fuzzy set; decision-making; Choquet integral; e-marketing; Internet of Things; neutrosophic set; multicriteria decision making techniques; uncertainty modeling; neutrosophic goal programming approach; shale gas water management system.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; nonstandard neutrosophic supremum ; classical statistics ; complex neutrosophic set ; neutrosophic offnorm ; neutrosophic extended triplet group ; multi-attribute decision-making (MADM) ; neutrosophic time series ; refined neutrosophic quadruple numbers ; BNHHA aggregation operator ; neutrosophic offconorm ; monad ; matrix representation ; left monad closed to the right ; implicator ; neutrsophic set ; neutrosophic correlation ; neutrosophic cubic sets ; decision-making ; MoBiNad set ; open and closed monads to the left/right ; distance measure ; De Morgan neutrosophic triples ; group decision making ; financial assets ; soft expert set ; uninorm ; multi-attribute group decision making ; sampling plan ; cubic sets ; neutrosophic cubic ordered weighted geometric operator (NCOWG) ; shale gas water management system ; weighted average operator ; aggregation operations ; quality function deployment ; Einstein t-norm ; neutrosophic rings ; non-standard neutrosophic topology ; BNHWA aggregation operator ; hypergroup ; triangular neutrosophic cubic fuzzy number ; pierced and unpierced binads ; numerical application ; neutrosophic cubic weighted geometric operator (NCWG) ; relations ; extended nonstandard analysis ; arithmetic averaging operator ; nonstandard reals ; Choquet integral ; Function approximation ; neutrosophic triangular norms ; weighted geometric operator ; neutrosophic regression ; optimization solution ; ordinary single valued neutrosophic neighborhood system ; smart port ; neutrosophic topology ; multi-criteria decision making techniques ; low-carbon supplier selection ; producer’s risk ; quasi-completely regular semigroup ; score function ; MAGDM ; multicriteria decision-making ; neutrosophic soft rough ; NET-hypergroup ; refined neutrosophic numbers ; neutrosophic logical relationship groups ; combined weighted average ; TOPSIS ; neutrosophic logical relationship ; logarithmic aggregation operators ; non-standard analysis ; multi-attribute decision-making ; neutrosophic extended triplet semihypergroup (NET-semihypergroup) ; aggregation ; nonstandard neutrosophic logic ; symmetric relation ; uncertainty modeling ; single valued neutrosophic sets ; BNHOWA aggregation operator ; ordinary single valued neutrosophic subspace ; generalized neutrosophic extended triplet group ; multi-attribute decision making ; ordinary single valued neutrosophic base ; nonstandard arithmetic operations ; pierced binad ; MCGDM problems ; simplified neutrosophic set ; residuated lattices ; Neutrosophic compound orthogonal neural network ; rough set approximation ; single-valued neutrosophic linguistic set ; binad ; multi-granulation neutrosophic rough set ; single valued neutrosophic set ; infinitesimals ; standard reals ; soft set ; non-standard neutrosophic mobinad set ; certainty function ; neutrosophic weight ; two universes ; sample size ; n-person cooperative game ; paper defect diagnosis ; performance indicators ; semihypergroup ; logarithmic operational laws ; right monad closed to the left ; idempotents ; unpierced binad ; neutrosophic cubic hybrid weighted arithmetic and geometric aggregation operator (NCHWAGA) ; neutrosophic symmetric scenarios ; extended nonstandard neutrosophic logic ; neutrosophic statistics ; neutrosophic goal programming approach ; neutrosophic offset ; neutrosophic statistical interval method ; weighted multiple instance learning ; neutrosophic cubic Einstein ordered weighted geometric operator (NCEOWG) ; fuzzy parameterized single valued neutrosophic soft expert set ; single-valued neutrosophic soft number and its operations ; Internet of Things ; extended non-standard analysis ; dietary fat level ; soft sets ; visual tracking ; neutrosophic offuninorm ; neutrosophic cubic Einstein weighted geometric operator (NCEWG) ; ordinary single valued neutrosophic subbase ; membership function ; non-dual ; SVN soft weighted arithmetic averaging operator ; Q-neutrosophic set ; neutrosophic sets ; fuzzy numbers ; intuitionistic fuzzy parameters ; producer’s risk’ ; graph representation ; exponential similarity measure ; infinities ; maximizing deviation ; Multi-attribute decision making ; SVN soft weighted geometric averaging operator ; objectness ; Q-neutrosophic soft set ; accuracy function ; consumer’s risk ; decision making ; Neutrosophic number ; clifford semigroup ; neutrosophic numbers ; neutrosophic residual implications ; nonstandard neutrosophic lattices of first type (as poset) and second type (as algebraic structure) ; covering ; e-marketing ; nonstandard analysis ; neutrosophic quadruple rings ; complex neutrosophic soft expert set ; single-valued neutrosophic set ; neutrosophic cubic soft expert system ; neutrosophic cubic soft sets ; triangular neutrosophic number ; supply chain sustainability metrics ; neutrosophic quadruple numbers ; ?-level ; nonstandard neutrosophic infimum ; infinitely ?-distributive ; plithogeny ; neutrosophic set ; fuzzy logic ; prospector ; Neutrosophic function ; representable neutrosophic t-norms ; probabilistic neutrosophic hesitant fuzzy set (PNHFS) ; prostate cancer ; nonstandard unit interval ; port evaluation ; simplified neutrosophic hesitant fuzzy set ; ordinary single valued neutrosophic (co)topology ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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  • 135
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: With the growing interest in the use of technology in daily life, the potential for using wearable wireless devices across multiple segments, e.g., healthcare, sports, child monitoring, military, emergency, consumer electronics, etc., is rapidly increasing. Multibillion wearable sensors are predicted to be in use by 2025, with over 30% of them being new types of sensors that are only beginning to emerge. This book will focus on wireless wearable and implantable systems, flexible textile-based electronics, bio-electromagnetics, antennas and propagation, radio frequency (RF) circuits, sensors, security of wearables and implantable systems, nano-bio communication, and electromagnetic sensing
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; n/a ; S-Band sensing ; telerehabilitation ; wavelet transform ; WBAN ; reservoir computing ; rehabilitation ; medical wearable wireless devices ; energy efficiency ; multiuser ; wireless body area networks ; echo state networks ; electrocardiography (ECG) ; inertial sensor ; heart beat classification ; S-band sensing ; patch ECG monitor ; IMU ; Unity ; Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) ; cryptanalysis ; ankle sprain ; medical internet of things ; wireless VR ; Arduino ; wireless channel information ; bio signals ; security ; wearable electronic device ; accelerometer ; energy-balanced model ; diversity combining ; anonymity ; OFDMA ; bio sensors ; hyperthyreosis/sleep apnea disease monitoring ; SDPPG ; medium access control ; Internet of Things ; Quality of Service ; gyroscope ; C-Band ; movement noise ; smart devices ; wearable sensors ; wireless LAN ; Virtual Reality ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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  • 136
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: As sessile organisms, plants have to cope with a multitude of natural and anthropogenic forms of stress in their environment. Due to their longevity, this is of particular significance for trees. As a consequence, trees develop an orchestra of resilience and resistance mechanisms to biotic and abiotic stresses in order to support their growth and development in a constantly changing atmospheric and pedospheric environment. The objective of this Special Issue of Forests is to summarize state-of-art knowledge and report the current progress on the processes that determine the resilience and resistance of trees from different zonobiomes as well as all forms of biotic and abiotic stress from the molecular to the whole tree level.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; TA170-171 ; pure stands ; n/a ; ion relation ; Heterobasidion annosum ; salicylic acid ; antioxidant enzymes ; antioxidant activity ; Luquasorb ; intrinsic water-use efficiency ; Greece ; Pinus koraiensis Sieb. et Zucc. ; ion homeostasis ; photosynthesis ; Pinus massoniana ; Stockosorb ; water relations ; Norway spruce ; rubber tree ; hydrophilic polymers ; drought stress ; ion relationships ; Carpinus betulus ; tree rings ; N nutrition ; disturbance ; Populus simonii Carr. (poplar) ; infection ; subcellular localization ; basal area increment ; mixed stands ; photosynthetic responses ; Aleppo pine ; water potential ; elevation gradient ; living cell ; physiological response ; antioxidant enzyme activity ; ion contents ; signal network ; expression ; soil N ; GA-signaling pathway ; differentially expressed genes ; Ca2+ signal ; climate ; ecophysiology ; Robinia pseudoacacia L. ; Heterobasidion parviporum ; mid-term ; plant tolerance ; canopy conductance ; DELLA ; tapping panel dryness ; osmotic adjustment substances ; abiotic stress ; wood formation ; malondialdehyde ; salinity treatments ; organic osmolytes ; bamboo forest ; non-structural carbohydrate ; Abies alba Mill. ; tree ; salt stress ; Populus euphratica ; proline ; nutrition ; Carpinus turczaninowii ; plasma membrane Ca2+ channels ; gene regulation ; pathogen ; TCP ; forest type ; functional analysis ; Fraxinus mandshurica Rupr. ; long-term drought ; defense response ; cold stress ; silicon fertilization ; gas exchange ; Fagus sylvatica L. ; glutaredoxin ; water availability ; 24-epiBL application ; Konjac glucomannan ; leaf properties ; reactive oxygen species ; sap flow ; ?13C ; salinity ; morphological indices ; chloroplast ultrastructure ; Moso Bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis) ; drought ; soluble sugar ; molecular cloning ; starch ; growth ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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  • 137
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Entropies and entropy-like quantities play an increasing role in modern non-linear data analysis. Fields that benefit from this application range from biosignal analysis to econophysics and engineering. This issue is a collection of papers touching on different aspects of entropy measures in data analysis, as well as theoretical and computational analyses. The relevant topics include the difficulty to achieve adequate application of entropy measures and the acceptable parameter choices for those entropy measures, entropy-based coupling, and similarity analysis, along with the utilization of entropy measures as features in automatic learning and classification. Various real data applications are given.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; TA170-171 ; fault diagnosis ; empirical mode decomposition ; auditory attention ; Dempster-Shafer evidence theory ; simulation ; uncertainty of basic probability assignment ; center of pressure displacement ; particle size distribution ; multivariate analysis ; symbolic analysis ; permutation entropy ; short time records ; co-evolution ; plausibility transformation ; experiment of design ; cross-entropy method ; weighted Hartley entropy ; firefly algorithm ; embedded dimension ; entropy measure ; effective transfer entropy ; treadmill walking ; ordinal patterns ; complex fuzzy set ; entropy visualization ; belief entropy ; signal classification ; machine learning evaluation ; novelty detection ; selfsimilar measure ; Permutation entropy ; automatic learning ; cross wavelet transform ; cross-visibility graphs ; Kolmogorov-Sinai entropy ; distance ; Shannon-type relations ; Tsallis entropy ; market crash ; support vector machine (SVM) ; conditional entropy of ordinal patterns ; sample entropy ; learning ; electroencephalography (EEG) ; meta-heuristic ; entropy ; data transformation ; information entropy ; signal analysis ; synchronization analysis ; similarity indices ; data analysis ; geodesic distance ; auditory attention classifier ; entropy measures ; distance induced vague entropy ; analog circuit ; vague entropy ; complex vague soft set ; entropy balance equation ; parametric t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding ; global optimization ; learning systems ; image entropy ; algorithmic complexity ; support vector machine ; system coupling ; relevance analysis ; Chinese stock sectors ; Shannon entropy ; linear discriminant analysis (LDA) ; information ; information transfer ; dual-tasking ; non-probabilistic entropy ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: A topic of utmost importance in civil engineering is finding optimal solutions throughout the life cycle of buildings and infrastructural objects, including their design, manufacturing, use, and maintenance. Operational research, management science, and optimization methods provide a consistent and applicable groundwork for engineering decision-making. These topics have received the interest of researchers and, after a rigorous peer-review process, eight papers have been published in this Special Issue. The articles in this Printed Edition demonstrate how solutions in civil engineering, which bring economic, social, and environmental benefits, are obtained through a variety of methodologies and tools. Usually, decision-makers need to take into account not just a single criterion, but several different criteria and, therefore, multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) approaches have been suggested for application in five of the published papers; the rest of the papers apply other research methods. Most approaches suggested decision models under uncertainty, proposing hybrid MCDM methods in combination with fuzzy or rough set theory, as well as D-numbers. The application areas of the proposed MCDM techniques mainly cover production/manufacturing engineering, logistics and transportation, and construction engineering and management. We hope that a summary of the Special Issue as provided here will encourage a detailed analysis of the papers included in the Printed Edition.〈false,〉
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; railway wagon ; rough sets ; Additive Ratio Assessment (ARAS) ; neural network ; cost estimation ; boarding/deboarding strategies ; optimisation ; multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) ; Step-Wise Weight Assessment Ratio Analysis (SWARA) ; ruled surface ; seat preference ; image processing ; risk management ; fuzzy sets ; supply chain ; Grasshopper ; experimental test ; parametric design ; rough Best–Worst Method (BWM) ; EDAS ; artificial neural networks ; 3D modelling ; civil engineering ; shovel machine ; interval-valued fuzzy Additive Ratio Assessment ; airplane turn time ; oil and gas well drilling projects ; MCDM ; roof shell ; consistent fuzzy preference relation (CFPR) ; DEMATEL ; tool-flank-wear monitoring ; analytical network process (ANP) ; logistics ; multi criteria decision making ; internal transport ; conceptual design ; hybrid MCDM ; structural analysis ; D number ; construction ; architecture ; multiple-criteria decision-making (MCDM) ; performance evaluation ; rough number ; construction project risk ; multi-attributive border approximation area comparison (MABAC) ; finite element method (FEM) ; manufacturing engineering ; transportation ; experimental testing ; hybrid model ; flexible manufacturing ; rough Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) ; D numbers ; multivariate regression ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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  • 139
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Advanced Glasses, Composites and Ceramics for High-Growth Industries (CoACH) was a European Training Network (ETN) project (http://www.coach-etn.eu/) funded by the Horizon 2020 program. CoACH involved multiple actors in the innovation ecosystem for advanced materials, composed of five universities and ten enterprises in seven different European countries. The project studied the next generation of materials that could bring innovation in the healthcare, construction, and energy sectors, among others, from new bioactive glasses for bone implants to eco-friendly cements and new environmentally friendly thermoelectrics for energy conversion. The novel materials developed in the CoACH project pave the way for innovative products, improved cost competitiveness, and positive environmental impact. The present Special Issue contains 14 papers resulting from the CoACH project, showcasing the breadth of materials and processes developed during the project.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; TA401-492 ; shear strength ; chitosan ; inorganic gel casting ; glass–ceramic foams ; fly ash ; cellulose fibers ; antibacterial ; solid-liquid interdiffusion (SLID) bonding ; bioactive glass-ceramic ; seawater exposure ; Er3+ luminescence property ; wastes incorporation ; transient-liquid phase bonding (TLPB) ; cellulose modification ; biocompatibility ; glass–ceramic ; GeTe ; lowered zT ; accelerated testing ; elastic modulus ; PCL ; silver ; glass fiber-reinforced polymers ; oxidation resistance ; SOFC ; GFRPs ; high-temperature thermoelectric material ; joining ; waste glass ; diffusion ; hybrid-coating ; glass recycling ; phosphate glass ; dip coating ; graphitization ; geopolymer composite ; direct particle doping ; Thermoelectrics ; flexural biaxial test ; Ba-doping ; residual stresses ; silver-doped mesoporous glass ; ball-on-3-balls test ; glass foams ; Vicryl Plus suture ; DMA ; SOEC ; gravimetric ; skutterudite ; wood-derived biocarbon ; evanescent wave optical fiber sensors ; ageing ; oxyfluoride phosphate glass ; SOC ; PMCs ; fractography ; gel casting ; Zinc ; alkali activation ; mechanical strength ; coatings ; Al-doping ; polydopamine ; testing and aging ; loss of band convergence ; thermal conductivity ; Er2O3-doped particles ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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  • 140
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Nowadays, the sustainable built environment planning in most cities has come to a turning point as the growth in traffic and population has become a serious concern and put tremendous pressure on both the environment and people in these cities. It is therefore important to find new ways or lifestyles—such as compact city, transit-oriented development (TOD) formulations—that are more flexible, inclusive, and sustainable. Furthermore, for the sustainable built environment and urban growth management, not only should the growth management principles—which include smart growth, sustainable growth, and inclusive growth—be taken into account but innovative/smart planning strategies—such as mixed use design, green transport, and new urbanism—are also utilized in planning sustainable built environments in order to prevent the urban sprawl development that has occurred.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; rural residents ; urban growth management ; major building material ; resource use ; decision support ; commercial activities ; price:value ratio ; renovation extent ; urban growth ; environmentally responsible interior design ; Artificial Neural Networks ; integrated carbon policy ; embodied environmental impact ; big data ; tenure ; land cover ; social bonding ; climate change ; air quality ; interactive strategy ; energy retrofitting ; quality of life (QoL) ; social performance ; driving factors ; Maximum Likelihood Classification ; apartment building ; environmental activation of interior elements ; interior space utilization ; construction materials ; sharing ; sustainability ; low carbon ; resilience engineering ; intention ; rent affordability ; GIS ; life-cycle assessment ; spatial spectrum ; conservation ; sustainable use ; sustainable built environment ; buildings ; resilience quantification ; sustainable interior design ; energy performance certificate ; multiple threat assessment ; built environment ; farmland price-value distortion ; urban residents ; urban design ; indoor environment quality ; digitalization ; Support Vector Machines ; social performance evaluation ; green belt ; significant transitions ; energy use ; China ; rural-urban land conversion ; smart city &amp ; green supply chain ; behavior ; fuzzy analytical hierarchy process ; urban block ; place attachment ; empirical study ; transport ; Nayarit (Mexico) ; ecological well-being changes ; urban form ; atmospheric concentration ; CO2 emissions ; surface temperature ; transformation factors ; commercial types ; quantile regression ; green tourism ; physical activities ; urban living environment ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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  • 141
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: This Special Issue contains selected papers from works presented at the 8th EASN–CEAS (European Aeronautics Science Network–Council of European Aerospace Societies) Workshop on Manufacturing for Growth and Innovation, which was held in Glasgow, UK, 4–7 September 2018. About 150 participants contributed to a high-level scientific gathering providing some of the latest research results on the topic, as well as some of the latest relevant technological advancements. ?ine interesting articles, which cover a wide range of topics including characterization, analysis and design, as well as numerical simulation, are contained in this Special Issue.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; TL1-4050 ; T1-995 ; n/a ; dynamic force analysis ; ditching simulation ; crashworthiness ; morphing wings ; pressurized fuselage ; scissor-like elements ; design of advanced power systems ; manufacturing ; nanomechanical properties ; composite materials ; multifunctionality ; electrical properties ; computational fluid dynamics ; aeronautic component ; nanomaterials ; circulation control ; multiscale damage model ; modelling and simulation ; unmanned aircraft ; kinematic analysis ; threshold concentration ; life cycle analysis ; autoclave ; blended wing-body aircraft ; incompressible flow ; low-curvature panels ; aircraft design ; composites structures ; carbon nanotubes ; vacuum assisted resin infusion ; active flow control ; building-block approach ; flight testing ; VTOL-UAV ; aerodynamic analysis ; suction and oscillatory blowing actuator ; technology readiness level ; scaling ; kinematic synthesis ; polymer nanocomposites ; thermal stability ; electrification ; cold diaphragm forming ; resin transfer molding ; fluid-structure interaction ; technology demonstrator ; light sport aircraft ; multi-objective optimization ; cost analysis ; scissor-structural mechanisms ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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  • 142
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: This book collects 14 articles from the Special Issue entitled “Deep Learning Applications with Practical Measured Results in Electronics Industries” of Electronics. Topics covered in this Issue include four main parts: (1) environmental information analyses and predictions, (2) unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) and object tracking applications, (3) measurement and denoising techniques, and (4) recommendation systems and education systems. These authors used and improved deep learning techniques (e.g., ResNet (deep residual network), Faster-RCNN (faster regions with convolutional neural network), LSTM (long short term memory), ConvLSTM (convolutional LSTM), GAN (generative adversarial network), etc.) to analyze and denoise measured data in a variety of applications and services (e.g., wind speed prediction, air quality prediction, underground mine applications, neural audio caption, etc.). Several practical experiments were conducted, and the results indicate that the performance of the presented deep learning methods is improved compared with the performance of conventional machine learning methods.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; faster region-based CNN ; visual tracking ; intelligent tire manufacturing ; eye-tracking device ; neural networks ; A* ; information measure ; oral evaluation ; GSA-BP ; tire quality assessment ; humidity sensor ; rigid body kinematics ; intelligent surveillance ; residual networks ; imaging confocal microscope ; update mechanism ; multiple linear regression ; geometric errors correction ; data partition ; Imaging Confocal Microscope ; image inpainting ; lateral stage errors ; dot grid target ; K-means clustering ; unsupervised learning ; recommender system ; underground mines ; digital shearography ; optimization techniques ; saliency information ; gated recurrent unit ; multivariate time series forecasting ; multivariate temporal convolutional network ; foreign object ; data fusion ; update occasion ; generative adversarial network ; CNN ; compressed sensing ; background model ; image compression ; supervised learning ; geometric errors ; UAV ; nonlinear optimization ; reinforcement learning ; convolutional network ; neuro-fuzzy systems ; deep learning ; image restoration ; neural audio caption ; hyperspectral image classification ; neighborhood noise reduction ; GA ; MCM uncertainty evaluation ; binary classification ; content reconstruction ; kinematic modelling ; long short-term memory ; transfer learning ; network layer contribution ; instance segmentation ; smart grid ; unmanned aerial vehicle ; forecasting ; trajectory planning ; discrete wavelet transform ; machine learning ; computational intelligence ; tire bubble defects ; offshore wind ; multiple constraints ; human computer interaction ; Least Squares method ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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  • 143
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Since the 1980s, attention has increased in the research of fluid mechanics due to its wide application in industry and phycology. Major advances have occurred in the modeling of key topics such Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids, nanoparticles, thermal management, and physiological fluid phenomena in biological systems, which have been published in this Special Issue on symmetry and fluid mechanics for Symmetry. Although, this book is not a formal textbook, it will be useful for university teachers, research students, and industrial researchers and for overcoming the difficulties that occur when considering the nonlinear governing equations. For such types of equations, obtaining an analytic or even a numerical solution is often more difficult. This book addresses this challenging job by outlining the latest techniques. In addition, the findings of the simulation are logically realistic and meet the standard of sufficient scientific value.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids ; Magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) ; Darcy–Brinkman porous medium ; Oil/MWCNT nanofluid ; molecular diameter ; MHD ; thermodynamics ; laminar flow ; stretched surface ; classical and fractional order problems ; nanoparticles ; smart pumping for hemodialysis ; suction/injection ; magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) ; laminar g-Jitter flow ; nonlinear thermal radiation ; steady and unsteady flow problems ; nanofuid ; SWCNTs ; nanoparticle ; slip conditions ; Jeffrey fluid ; kernel gradient free ; Jefferey ; heat transfer ; microchannel ; magnetic field ; inclined stretching sheet ; fractional order differential equations ; oscillating shear stress ; symmetric linear equations ; Maxwell and Oldroyd-B fluids ; solitary waves ; nanofluids and particle shape effects ; FDE-12 numerical method ; generalized finite difference scheme ; Lagrangian approach ; thin elastic plate ; homogeneous–heterogeneous reactions ; Marangoni convection ; peristalsis ; arched surface ; SWCNT/MWCNT nanofluid ; uniform current ; nonlinear hydroelastic waves ; homogeneous-heterogeneous reactions ; unsteady rotating flow ; viscous dissipation effect ; heat source/sink ; Numerical technique ; particle swarm optimization ; CNTs (MWCNTs and SWCNTs) ; convective heat and mass transfer ; slip coefficient ; multiphase flow simulations ; thin needle ; HAM ; slip ; nanofluid ; aqueous suspensions of CNT’s ; stagnation point flow ; compressible viscous flow ; Casson fluid ; temperature dependent thermal conductivity ; viscous fluid ; forced convection ; Caputo–Fabrizio time-fractional derivative ; tapered channel ; couple stress fluid ; porous dissipation ; APCM technique ; mixed convection ; PLK method ; Laplace and Fourier transformations ; analytical technique ; chemical reaction ; homogeneous/heterogeneous reactions ; isotherms ; artificial neural networks ; stretchable rotating disk ; activation energy ; rotating rigid disk ; Casson fluid model ; MWCNTs ; Al2O3 nanoparticles ; microducts ; convective boundary condition ; Permeable walls ; rotating system ; Couette–Poiseuille flow ; velocity slip ; porous medium ; stability analysis ; Cattaneo–Christov heat flux ; Magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) ; Cattaneo–Christov heat flux model ; streamlines ; side walls ; integer and non-integer order derivatives ; physiological fluid phenomena in biological systems ; nanofluids ; Carreau fluid ; GO-W/GO-EG nanofluids ; nonlinear stretching cylinder ; heat generation ; dual solution ; RK scheme ; OHAM ; convective heat boundary condition ; Nusselt number ; exponential sheet ; viscous dissipation ; Keller-box method ; finite volume method ; peristaltic transport ; steady laminar flow ; numerical solution ; shooting method ; Knudsen number ; cylinder ; Newtonian heating ; Darcy Forchheimer model ; permeable sheet ; stretching sheet ; thermal radiation ; Hafnium particles ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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  • 144
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Energy Systems Engineering is one of the most exciting and fastest growing fields in engineering. Modeling and simulation plays a key role in Energy Systems Engineering because it is the primary basis on which energy system design, control, optimization, and analysis are based. This book contains a specially curated collection of recent research articles on the modeling and simulation of energy systems written by top experts around the world from universities and research labs, such as Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Yale University, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, National Energy Technology Laboratory of the US Department of Energy, University of Technology Sydney, McMaster University, Queens University, Purdue University, the University of Connecticut, Technical University of Denmark, the University of Toronto, Technische Universität Berlin, Texas A&M, the University of Pennsylvania, and many more. The key research themes covered include energy systems design, control systems, flexible operations, operational strategies, and systems analysis. The addressed areas of application include electric power generation, refrigeration cycles, natural gas liquefaction, shale gas treatment, concentrated solar power, waste-to-energy systems, micro-gas turbines, carbon dioxide capture systems, energy storage, petroleum refinery unit operations, Brayton cycles, to name but a few.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; FCMP ; modeling and simulation ; multiphase equilibrium ; modeling ; polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) ; dynamic simulation ; simulation ; multi-scale systems engineering ; process simulation ; cycling ; time-delay ; exergy loss ; gas path analysis ; oil and gas ; solar PV ; optimization ; second law efficiency ; auto thermal reformer ; friction factor ; optimal battery operation ; biodiesel ; energy ; time-varying operation ; efficiency ; process synthesis and design ; nonsmooth modeling ; mixture ratio ; supercritical CO2 ; dynamic optimization ; technoeconomic analysis ; work and heat integration ; compressibility factor ; multi-objective optimisation ; circulating fluidized bed boiler ; wind power ; naphtha recovery unit ; cost optimization ; recompression cycle ; hybrid Life Cycle Assessment ; post-combustion CO2 capture ; piecewise-linear function generation ; solar energy ; industrial process heat ; kriging ; statistical model ; supercritical pulverized coal (SCPC) ; parabolic trough ; combined cycle ; H2O-LiBr working pair ; linearization ; process integration ; smith predictor ; process design ; analysis by synthesis ; MINLP ; methyl-oleate ; diagnostics ; offshore wind ; double-effect system ; shale gas condensate ; geothermal energy ; multi-loop control ; R123 ; waste to energy ; hybrid system ; cogeneration ; energy storage ; energy efficiency ; nonlinear mathematical programming ; superstructure ; concentrating solar thermal ; desalination ; modelling ; binary cycle ; organic Rankine cycle ; refuse derived fuel ; power plants ; WHENS ; process control ; compressor modeling ; energy systems ; PTC ; life cycle analysis ; natural gas transportation ; isentropic exponent ; top-down models ; thermal storage ; supercritical carbon dioxide ; operations ; sustainable process design ; hybrid solar ; energy management ; R245fa ; building blocks ; energy economics ; micro gas turbine ; CSP ; fuel cost minimization problem ; CST ; palladium membrane hydrogen separation ; battery degradation ; optimal control ; RK-ASPEN ; process systems engineering ; supervisory control ; absorption refrigeration ; concentrating solar power ; shale gas condensate-to-heavier liquids ; Dieng ; DMR liquefaction processes ; dynamic modeling ; Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) ; load-following ; demand response ; Indonesia ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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  • 145
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: This Special Issue scrutinizes the use of ultrasonic-cavitation melt treatment in technology of high-quality metallic alloys with improved mechanical properties, and assesses the driving mechanisms of cavitation-induced effects, such as grain refinement, degassing, wetting, and particle distribution. In this context, the research published in this Special Issue considers the interaction between the cavitation field and acoustic streaming with the melt flow and the suspended solid/liquid phases, the characterization and mapping of cavitation activity in a melt volume, and the possibility of achieving high efficiency in processing large melt volumes through technological approaches for the commercial implementation of ultrasonic processing technology.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; mushy zone ; ultrasonic treatment ; ingot solidification ; ultrasonic melt treatment ; unsteady flow phenomena ; contactless sonotrode ; sump evolution ; aluminum alloy ; experimental verification ; ultrasonic DC casting ; zinc ; acoustic cavitation ; magnesium alloys ; ultrasonic bubble clouds ; interdependence model ; L-shaped ceramic sonotrode ; metal solidification ; sonoprocessing ; acoustic streaming ; numerical modelling ; induction processing ; ultrasound melt processing ; aluminium ; mathematical model ; grain refinement ; aluminium alloys ; non-linear bubble dynamics ; synchrotron X-ray imaging ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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  • 146
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: The utilization of bio-resourced macromolecules for polymer applications has been the subject of increasing interest, mainly for sustainability and functionality reasons. This Special Issue of Processes brings together nine papers from leading scientists and researchers active in the area of “Sustainable and Renewable Polymers, Processing, and Chemical Modifications”. The collected papers include seven original research and two review articles related to renewable feedstock for polymer applications, processes for the fabrication of renewable polymer-based nanomaterials, the design and modification of renewable polymers, and applications of renewable polymers. The journal Processes will continue to nurture progress in this field through its position as an open access platform.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; ramie fabric ; nitroxide mediated polymerization ; polymerization ; chitosan ; n/a ; itaconate esters ; graft ; polysaccharide ; dust suppressant ; bio-filler ; recycled polyol ; specified risk materials ; glutaraldehyde ; lignin ; used printed circuit board ; pelletization ; soybean protein isolate modification ; functional materials ; viscoelasticity ; emulsion ; optimal concentration ; binder ; superhydrophobicity ; copolymerization ; Starch ; glycolysis ; analysis of dust suppression mechanism ; bioenergy ; rigid polyurethane foam ; modification ; hydroxymethylation ; rubber composite ; performance characterization ; torrefied wood ; wood pellets ; barrier properties ; antimicrobicity ; citric acid ; chemical recycling ; crosslinking ; heterogeneous crosslinking ; properties ; cellulose nanocrystals ; anionic polyamide-6 ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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  • 147
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: CAD/CAM/CAE technologies find more and more applications in today’s industries, e.g., in the automotive, aerospace, and naval sectors. These technologies increase the productivity of engineers and researchers to a great extent, while at the same time allowing their research activities to achieve higher levels of performance. A number of difficult-to-perform design and manufacturing processes can be simulated using more methodologies available, i.e., experimental work combined with statistical tools (regression analysis, analysis of variance, Taguchi methodology, deep learning), finite element analysis applied early enough at the design cycle, CAD-based tools for design optimizations, CAM-based tools for machining optimizations.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; topology management optimization ; radial basis function neural network ; polyester coating ; wear ; cutting torque ; graphite ; disk to disk test ; friction behavior ; SOLIDWORKS ; fatigue ; ball burnishing ; surface topography ; radial impeller ; analysis of variance (ANOVA) ; induction hardening ; numerical simulation ; milling ; Taguchi method ; CAD teaching ; gear reducer housings ; mechanical post-treatment ; multi-layer perceptron ; power transmission ; drilling ; thrust force ; finite element analysis ; open-source CAD software ; teaching/learning strategies ; friction ; solid lubricants particles ; Al6082-T6 ; licensed CAD ; adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system ; computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) ; molybdenum disulfide ; CNC machining ; multiple regression ; Grey analysis ; pattern design ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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  • 148
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Construction materials are the most widely used materials for civil infrastructure in our daily lives. However, from an environmental point of view, they consume a huge amount of natural resources and generate the majority of greenhouse gasses. Therefore, many new and novel technologies for designing environmentally friendly construction materials have been developed recently. This Special Issue, “Environment-Friendly Construction Materials”, has been proposed and organized as a means to present recent developments in the field of construction materials. It covers a wide range of selected topics on construction materials.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; fluorescence spectrum ; microstructure ; regeneration ; sensitivity analysis ; asphalt mixes ; limestone aggregates ; bio-oil ; plateau value of dissipated strain energy ratio ; diatomite ; water-leaching pretreatment ; fatigue performance ; ultra-thin wearing course ; recycling aggregate ; design optimization ; induction heating ; vibration noise consumption ; bitumen ; relaxation ; viscous-elastic temperature ; field evaluation ; healing agents ; transmittance ; Ca-alginate microcapsules ; artificially aged asphalt mixture ; sequencing batch Chlorella reactor ; waste concrete ; plant ash lixivium ; steel fiber ; ultra-high performance concrete ; titanate coupling agent ; SEM ; self-healing ; physical properties ; porous pumice ; thermal–mechanical properties ; aggregate morphology ; asphalt mortar ; adhesion energy ; styrene–butadiene–styrene (SBS) modified bitumen ; water solute exposure ; emulsified asphalt ; demulsification speed ; mineral-asphalt mixtures ; aging processes ; phase change materials ; surface texture ; long-term drying shrinkage ; contact angle ; aging depth ; asphalt ; calcium alginate capsules ; nitrogen and phosphorus removal ; micro-morphology ; rice husk ash ; low-temperature ; cement ; hydrophobic nanosilica ; asphalt mixture ; thickness combinations ; layered double hydroxide ; initial self-healing temperature ; environmentally friendly construction materials ; epoxidized soybean oil ; limestone ; chemical evolutions ; temperature sensitivity characteristics ; micro-surfacing ; cement emulsified asphalt mixture ; dynamic characteristics ; high-strength concrete ; flame retardant ; durability ; creep ; damping ; damage constitutive model ; Ultra-High Performance Concrete (UHPC) ; granite aggregate ; diatomite-modified asphalt mixture ; healing model ; asphalt combustion ; freeze-thaw cycle ; SBS-modified bitumen ; workability ; graphene ; flow behavior index ; fluidity ; parametrization ; fatigue property ; rankinite ; railway application ; crystallization sensitivity ; aqueous solute compositions ; pozzolanic reaction ; self-healing asphalt ; recycled material ; artificial neural network ; rheological properties ; molecular dynamic simulation ; building envelopes ; aluminum hydroxide ; crumb rubber ; optimization ; viscoelasticity ; building energy conservation ; diffusing ; anti-rutting agent ; molecular bridge ; engineered cementitious composites (ECC) ; pavement performance ; morphology ; colloidal structure ; hydrophilic nanosilica ; construction materials ; road engineering ; laboratory evaluation ; rejuvenator ; fatigue equation ; aggregates ; three-point bending fatigue test ; energy-based approach ; aggregate from sanitary ceramic wastes ; polyacrylic acid ; mastic ; CO2 ; specific surface area ; aggregate image measurement system ; solubilizer ; flexibility ; simplex lattice design ; SBS/CRP-modified bitumen ; water stability ; fatigue life ; rejuvenating systems ; skid-resistance ; reclaimed asphalt pavement ; rheology ; hydration characteristic ; surface energy ; modified asphalt materials ; asphalt pavement ; stripping test ; SOD ; tensile stresses ; ultraviolet radiation ; basalt fiber ; “blue-shift” ; polyvinyl alcohol ; sanitary ceramics ; dynamic moduli ; aggregate characteristics ; compound modify ; expanded graphite ; steel slag ; induced healing ; thermal property ; effective heating depth ; dissipated strain energy ; MDA ; mechanical behavior ; plateau value of permanent deformation ratio ; long-term field service ; crack healing ; desulphurization gypsum residues ; pavement failure ; rejuvenation ; interfacial transition zone ; combination ; polyethylene glycol ; adsorption ; tensile strains ; cold recycled asphalt mixture ; resistance to deformations ; asphalt-aggregate adhesion ; viscoelastic properties ; damage evolution ; carbonation ; microwave heating ; amorphous silica ; high-modulus asphalt mixture (HMAM) ; hot mix asphalt containing recycled concrete aggregate ; microfluidic ; dynamic responses ; concrete ; asphalt mastic ; crumb rubber powder ; response surface methodology ; nanomaterial ; self-compacting concrete (SCC) ; rutting factor ; X-ray computed tomography ; fiber modification ; overlay tester ; rubber modified asphalt ; ageing ; aged bitumen ; aged asphalt ; recycling ; damage characteristics ; dynamic tests ; permeation ; ageing resistance ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Building on advances in miniaturization and soft matter, surface tension effects are a major key to the development of soft/fluidic microrobotics. Benefiting from scaling laws, surface tension and capillary effects can enable sensing, actuation, adhesion, confinement, compliance, and other structural and functional properties necessary in micro- and nanosystems. Various applications are under development: microfluidic and lab-on-chip devices, soft gripping and manipulation of particles, colloidal and interfacial assemblies, fluidic/droplet mechatronics. The capillary action is ubiquitous in drops, bubbles and menisci, opening a broad spectrum of technological solutions and scientific investigations. Identified grand challenges to the establishment of fluidic microrobotics include mastering the dynamics of capillary effects, controlling the hysteresis arising from wetting and evaporation, improving the dispensing and handling of tiny droplets, and developing a mechatronic approach for the control and programming of surface tension effects. In this Special Issue of Micromachines, we invite contributions covering all aspects of microscale engineering relying on surface tension. Particularly, we welcome contributions on fundamentals or applications related to:Drop-botics: fluidic or surface tension-based micro/nanorobotics: capillary manipulation, gripping, and actuation, sensing, folding, propulsion and bio-inspired solutions; Control of surface tension effects: surface tension gradients, active surfactants, thermocapillarity, electrowetting, elastocapillarity; Handling of droplets, bubbles and liquid bridges: dispensing, confinement, displacement, stretching, rupture, evaporation; Capillary forces: modelling, measurement, simulation; Interfacial engineering: smart liquids, surface treatments; Interfacial fluidic and capillary assembly of colloids and devices; Biological applications of surface tension, including lab-on-chip and organ-on-chip systems. We expect novel as well as review contributions on all aspects of surface tension-based micro/nanoengineering. In line with Micromachines' policy, we also invite research proposals that introduce ideas for new applications, devices, or technologies.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; electrodynamic screen ; soft tissue ; microstructure ; mist capillary self-alignment ; droplet ; lab-on-a-chip ; mixing ; nanoprecipitation ; asymmetric surfaces ; gecko setae ; oil-water interface ; non-invasive control ; self-cleaning surface ; corrosive resistance ; micropipette-technique ; hydrophobic ; wettability gradient ; lung-surfactants ; hydrophilic ; dynamic ; vibrations ; superhydrophobic ; microasssembly ; adsorption ; wetting ; photochemical reaction ; contact line oscillation ; 355 nm UV laser ; capillary ; computational fluid dynamics ; bearing ; solutal Marangoni effect ; relaxation oscillations ; superhydrophilic ; microtexture melting ; rigid gas permeable contact lenses ; hydrophilic/superhydrophobic patterned surfaces ; polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) replication ; microfabrication ; actuation ; droplet transport ; “droplet-interface-bilayers” ; microfluidics ; electrosurgical scalpels ; continuous-flow reactor ; air-water surface ; micromanufacturing ; surface treatment ; liquid bridge ; stereolithography ; super-hydrophobic ; two-phase flow ; hot drop ; durable ; insoluble lipids ; anti-sticking ; smart superhydrophobic surface ; droplet manipulation ; “black lipid films” ; condensation ; pick-and-place ; wettability ; gas-microbubbles ; soft robotics ; capillary pressure ; superomniphobic ; self-lubricating slippery surface ; electrowetting ; soluble surfactant ; anisotropic ratchet conveyor ; Nasturtium leaf ; droplets ; photoresponsible surfactant ; two-photon polymerization ; contact angle ; adhesion ; transport ; pick and place ; surface tension ; oil-microdroplets ; micromanipulation ; laser die transfer ; capillary gripper ; equilibrium ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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  • 150
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: The numerical simulation of sheet metal forming processes has become an indispensable tool for the design of components and their forming processes. This role was attained due to the huge impact in reducing time to market and the cost of developing new components in industries ranging from automotive to packing, as well as enabling an improved understanding of the deformation mechanisms and their interaction with process parameters. Despite being a consolidated tool, its potential for application continues to be discovered with the continuous need to simulate more complex processes, including the integration of the various processes involved in the production of a sheet metal component and the analysis of in-service behavior. The quest for more robust and sustainable processes has also changed its deterministic character into stochastic to be able to consider the scatter in mechanical properties induced by previous manufacturing processes. Faced with these challenges, this Special Issue presents scientific advances in the development of numerical tools that improve the prediction results for conventional forming process, enable the development of new forming processes, or contribute to the integration of several manufacturing processes, highlighting the growing multidisciplinary characteristic of this field.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; n/a ; hardening ; modeling ; direct forming ; forming limit curve ; depth-sensing indentation ; stamping ; finite element method ; similitude ; the bathtub model ; boron steel ; plastic anisotropy ; physical experiment ; robustness evaluation ; cold deep drawing ; hardening law ; formability ; magnetic-pulse forming ; hot deep drawing ; metallic bipolar plate ; parameters identification ; finite element simulation ; mechanical properties ; hardness ; deformation characteristics ; continuum damage mechanics ; yield function ; Knoop indenter ; Young’s modulus ; damage ; 3D adaptive remeshing ; springback ; bake hardening ; Johnson–Cook material model ; anisotropy ; indirect forming ; ductile damage ; steel sheet ; mechanical modeling ; fracture behavior ; fuel cells ; dent resistance ; numerical simulation ; mixed hardening ; M-K theory ; uniform deformation ; non-proportional loading paths ; high-frequency oscillation ; gas detonation forming ; yield locus ; sheet metal forming ; inhomogeneity ; TA32 titanium alloy ; aluminium alloy formability ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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  • 151
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    Unknown
    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Mobile robotics is a challenging field with great potential. It covers disciplines including electrical engineering, mechanical engineering, computer science, cognitive science, and social science. It is essential to the design of automated robots, in combination with artificial intelligence, vision, and sensor technologies. Mobile robots are widely used for surveillance, guidance, transportation and entertainment tasks, as well as medical applications. This Special Issue intends to concentrate on recent developments concerning mobile robots and the research surrounding them to enhance studies on the fundamental problems observed in the robots. Various multidisciplinary approaches and integrative contributions including navigation, learning and adaptation, networked system, biologically inspired robots and cognitive methods are welcome contributions to this Special Issue, both from a research and an application perspective.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; similarity measure ; swarm-robotics ; drag-based system ; PID algorithm ; human–robot interaction ; behaviour dynamics ; state constraints ; fair optimisation ; micro mobile robot ; robot ; actuators ; high-gain observer ; turning model LIP ; space robot ; manipulation action sequences ; subgoal graphs ; remotely operated vehicle ; constrained motion ; joint limit avoidance ; curvilinear obstacle ; rehabilitation system ; stability criterion ; system design ; quad-tilt rotor ; iterative learning ; spiral curve ; cable detection ; SEA ; douglas–peuker polygonal approximation ; predictable trajectory planning ; ATEX ; obstacle avoidance system ; kinematic singularity ; collision avoidance ; biologically-inspired ; jumping robot ; differential wheeled robot ; design and modeling ; control efficacy ; robotics ; extremum-seeking ; object-oriented ; non-holonomic mobile robot ; magneto-rheological fluids ; rendezvous consensus ; altitude controller ; master-slave ; switching control ; deep reinforcement learning ; mechanism ; expansion logic strategy ; negative buoyancy ; action generation ; radial basis function neural networks ; unmanned aerial vehicles ; extend procedure ; glass façade cleaning robot ; convolutional neural network ; climbing robot ; micro air vehicle ; car-like kinematics ; variable speed ; machine learning ; dynamical model ; transportation ; geodesic ; unmanned surface vessel ; medical devices ; stopper ; extended state observer (ESO) ; high efficiency ; object mapping ; multi-objective optimization ; hybrid robot ; robot learning ; auto-tuning ; cable disturbance modeling ; manipulation planning ; pesticide application ; high-speed target ; sparse pose adjustment (SPA) ; service robot ; lumped parameter method ; Geometric Algebra ; dynamic coupling analysis ; Thau observer ; tri-tilt-rotor ; industrial robotic manipulator ; hardware-in-the-loop simulation ; robotic drilling ; muscle activities ; small size ; chameleon ; continuous hopping ; wall climbing robot ; hover mode ; 3D-SLAM ; curvature constraints ; PSO ; drilling end-effector ; Rodrigues parameters ; gait adaptation ; static environments ; position/force cooperative control ; snake-like robot ; shape-fitting ; powered exoskeleton ; input saturation ; kinematic identification ; methane ; human–machine interactive navigation ; q-learning ; path following ; hopping robot ; mobile manipulation ; high step-up ratio ; actuatorless ; monocular vision ; stability analysis ; compact driving unit ; snake robot ; non-holonomic robot ; curvature constraint ; phase-shifting ; dialytic elimination ; gesture recognition ; snake robots ; series elastic actuator ; flapping ; servo valve ; motion camouflage control ; biomimetic robot ; minimally invasive surgery robot ; centralized architecture ; trajectory planning ; computing time ; adaptive control law ; kinematics ; facial and gender recognition ; single actuator ; victim-detection ; shape memory alloys ; undiscovered sensor values ; discomfort ; Differential Evolution ; numerical evaluation ; quadruped robot ; coverage path planning ; localization ; MPC ; n/a ; fault diagnosis ; neural networks ; disturbance-rejection control ; sample gathering problem ; cart ; bio-inspired robot ; opposite angle-based exact cell decomposition ; optimization ; safety ; goal exchange ; hierarchical planning ; ocean current ; robot motion ; nonlinear differentiator ; mapping ; finite-time currents observer ; Newton iteration ; inverse kinematics ; deposition uniformity ; spatial pyramid pooling ; hierarchical path planning ; end effector ; head-raising ; fault recovery ; LOS ; path tracking ; non-inertial reference frame ; step climbing ; obstacle avoidance ; sliding mode control ; symmetrical adaptive variable impedance ; lane change ; quadcopter UAV ; singularity analysis ; biped mechanism ; fault-tolerant control ; dynamic neural networks ; mobile robots ; data association ; UAV ; enemy avoidance ; reinforcement learning ; grip optimization ; safety recovery mechanism ; exoskeleton ; dynamic environment ; uncertain environments ; hybrid bionic robot ; potential field ; robot navigation ; cleaning robot ; unmanned aerial vehicle ; non-singular fast-terminal sliding-mode control ; contact planning ; Lyapunov-like function ; piezoelectric actuator ; transition mode ; non-prehensile manipulation ; multiple mobile robots ; Tetris-inspired ; real-time action recognition ; integral line-of-sight ; topological map ; alpine ski ; target tracking ; closed-loop detection ; working efficiency ; mathematical modeling ; curve fitting ; force control ; biped robots ; NSGA-II ; mobile robot ; load carriage ; prescription map translation ; artificial fish swarm algorithm ; Q-networks ; self-reconfigurable robot ; G3-continuity ; autonomous vehicle ; loop closure detection ; excellent driver model ; robots ; graph representation ; regional growth ; target assignment ; evolutionary operators ; intelligent mobile robot ; motion sensor ; exploration ; droplets penetrability ; dynamic uncertainty ; simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) ; area decomposition ; multi-criteria decision making ; 4WS4WD vehicle ; biped climbing robots ; skiing robot ; ROS ; decision making ; smart materials ; centrifugal force ; missile control system ; formation of robots ; electro-rheological fluids ; pneumatics ; variable spray ; inertial measurement unit (IMU) ; Robot Operating System ; trajectory interpolation ; formation control ; immersion and invariance ; dragonfly ; parallel navigation ; harmonic potential field ; pallet transportation ; mobile robot navigation ; negative-buoyancy ; grip planning ; manipulator ; position control ; external disturbance ; legged robot ; passive skiing turn ; autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) ; gait cycle ; path planning ; sliding mode observer ; dynamic gait ; self-learning ; polyomino tiling theory ; coalmine ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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  • 152
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Mobile robotics is a challenging field with great potential. It covers disciplines including electrical engineering, mechanical engineering, computer science, cognitive science, and social science. It is essential to the design of automated robots, in combination with artificial intelligence, vision, and sensor technologies. Mobile robots are widely used for surveillance, guidance, transportation and entertainment tasks, as well as medical applications. This Special Issue intends to concentrate on recent developments concerning mobile robots and the research surrounding them to enhance studies on the fundamental problems observed in the robots. Various multidisciplinary approaches and integrative contributions including navigation, learning and adaptation, networked system, biologically inspired robots and cognitive methods are welcome contributions to this Special Issue, both from a research and an application perspective.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; similarity measure ; swarm-robotics ; drag-based system ; PID algorithm ; human–robot interaction ; behaviour dynamics ; state constraints ; fair optimisation ; micro mobile robot ; robot ; actuators ; high-gain observer ; turning model LIP ; space robot ; manipulation action sequences ; subgoal graphs ; remotely operated vehicle ; constrained motion ; joint limit avoidance ; curvilinear obstacle ; rehabilitation system ; stability criterion ; system design ; quad-tilt rotor ; iterative learning ; spiral curve ; cable detection ; SEA ; douglas–peuker polygonal approximation ; predictable trajectory planning ; ATEX ; obstacle avoidance system ; kinematic singularity ; collision avoidance ; biologically-inspired ; jumping robot ; differential wheeled robot ; design and modeling ; control efficacy ; robotics ; extremum-seeking ; object-oriented ; non-holonomic mobile robot ; magneto-rheological fluids ; rendezvous consensus ; altitude controller ; master-slave ; switching control ; deep reinforcement learning ; mechanism ; expansion logic strategy ; negative buoyancy ; action generation ; radial basis function neural networks ; unmanned aerial vehicles ; extend procedure ; glass façade cleaning robot ; convolutional neural network ; climbing robot ; micro air vehicle ; car-like kinematics ; variable speed ; machine learning ; dynamical model ; transportation ; geodesic ; unmanned surface vessel ; medical devices ; stopper ; extended state observer (ESO) ; high efficiency ; object mapping ; multi-objective optimization ; hybrid robot ; robot learning ; auto-tuning ; cable disturbance modeling ; manipulation planning ; pesticide application ; high-speed target ; sparse pose adjustment (SPA) ; service robot ; lumped parameter method ; Geometric Algebra ; dynamic coupling analysis ; Thau observer ; tri-tilt-rotor ; industrial robotic manipulator ; hardware-in-the-loop simulation ; robotic drilling ; muscle activities ; small size ; chameleon ; continuous hopping ; wall climbing robot ; hover mode ; 3D-SLAM ; curvature constraints ; PSO ; drilling end-effector ; Rodrigues parameters ; gait adaptation ; static environments ; position/force cooperative control ; snake-like robot ; shape-fitting ; powered exoskeleton ; input saturation ; kinematic identification ; methane ; human–machine interactive navigation ; q-learning ; path following ; hopping robot ; mobile manipulation ; high step-up ratio ; actuatorless ; monocular vision ; stability analysis ; compact driving unit ; snake robot ; non-holonomic robot ; curvature constraint ; phase-shifting ; dialytic elimination ; gesture recognition ; snake robots ; series elastic actuator ; flapping ; servo valve ; motion camouflage control ; biomimetic robot ; minimally invasive surgery robot ; centralized architecture ; trajectory planning ; computing time ; adaptive control law ; kinematics ; facial and gender recognition ; single actuator ; victim-detection ; shape memory alloys ; undiscovered sensor values ; discomfort ; Differential Evolution ; numerical evaluation ; quadruped robot ; coverage path planning ; localization ; MPC ; n/a ; fault diagnosis ; neural networks ; disturbance-rejection control ; sample gathering problem ; cart ; bio-inspired robot ; opposite angle-based exact cell decomposition ; optimization ; safety ; goal exchange ; hierarchical planning ; ocean current ; robot motion ; nonlinear differentiator ; mapping ; finite-time currents observer ; Newton iteration ; inverse kinematics ; deposition uniformity ; spatial pyramid pooling ; hierarchical path planning ; end effector ; head-raising ; fault recovery ; LOS ; path tracking ; non-inertial reference frame ; step climbing ; obstacle avoidance ; sliding mode control ; symmetrical adaptive variable impedance ; lane change ; quadcopter UAV ; singularity analysis ; biped mechanism ; fault-tolerant control ; dynamic neural networks ; mobile robots ; data association ; UAV ; enemy avoidance ; reinforcement learning ; grip optimization ; safety recovery mechanism ; exoskeleton ; dynamic environment ; uncertain environments ; hybrid bionic robot ; potential field ; robot navigation ; cleaning robot ; unmanned aerial vehicle ; non-singular fast-terminal sliding-mode control ; contact planning ; Lyapunov-like function ; piezoelectric actuator ; transition mode ; non-prehensile manipulation ; multiple mobile robots ; Tetris-inspired ; real-time action recognition ; integral line-of-sight ; topological map ; alpine ski ; target tracking ; closed-loop detection ; working efficiency ; mathematical modeling ; curve fitting ; force control ; biped robots ; NSGA-II ; mobile robot ; load carriage ; prescription map translation ; artificial fish swarm algorithm ; Q-networks ; self-reconfigurable robot ; G3-continuity ; autonomous vehicle ; loop closure detection ; excellent driver model ; robots ; graph representation ; regional growth ; target assignment ; evolutionary operators ; intelligent mobile robot ; motion sensor ; exploration ; droplets penetrability ; dynamic uncertainty ; simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) ; area decomposition ; multi-criteria decision making ; 4WS4WD vehicle ; biped climbing robots ; skiing robot ; ROS ; decision making ; smart materials ; centrifugal force ; missile control system ; formation of robots ; electro-rheological fluids ; pneumatics ; variable spray ; inertial measurement unit (IMU) ; Robot Operating System ; trajectory interpolation ; formation control ; immersion and invariance ; dragonfly ; parallel navigation ; harmonic potential field ; pallet transportation ; mobile robot navigation ; negative-buoyancy ; grip planning ; manipulator ; position control ; external disturbance ; legged robot ; passive skiing turn ; autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) ; gait cycle ; path planning ; sliding mode observer ; dynamic gait ; self-learning ; polyomino tiling theory ; coalmine ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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  • 153
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    Unknown
    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: River catchments and reservoirs play a central role in water security, food supply, flood risk management, hydropower generation, and ecosystem services; however, they are now under increasing pressure from population growth, economic activities, and changing climate means and extremes in many parts of the world. Adaptive management of river catchments and reservoirs requires an in-depth understanding of the impacts of future uncertainties and thus the development of robust, sustainable solutions to meet the needs of various stakeholders and the environment. To tackle the huge challenges in moving towards adaptive catchment management, this book presents the latest developments in cutting-edge knowledge, novel methodologies, innovative management strategies, and case studies, focusing on the following themes: reservoir dynamics and impact analysis of dam construction, optimal reservoir operation, climate change impacts on hydrological processes and water management, and integrated catchment management.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; downscaling ; suspended sediment concentration ; modeling ; South-to-North Water Transfer Project ; sensitivity analysis ; simulation ; protection zone ; reservoirs ; mussel ; sediment regime ; resilience and robustness ; optimal flood control operation ; multi-objective model ; optimization ; scenario analysis ; floodplain vertical shape index ; aftereffect ; lentic habitats ; energy ; stochastic linear programming ; ?-constrained method ; Tekeze basin ; runoff ; cascade reservoirs ; costs and benefits ; sediment flushing efficiency ; vulnerability ; Heihe River Basin ; TB-MPC ; heating impact ; flushing efficiency ; system dynamics ; Indian Monsoon ; shaft spillway pipe ; integrated supply system modeling ; seasonal rainfall ; sediment management ; design and operation of the multipurpose reservoir ; Kappa distribution ; CO2 ; reliability ; uncertainty ; Yangtze River ; Markov chain ; the Yangtze River ; Environmental Fluid Dynamics Code (EFDC) model ; land and water resources ; integrated surface water-groundwater model ; Heilongjiang ; Kurobe River ; flow regime ; numerical simulation ; long distance water diversion ; tropical reservoir ; multi-stage stochastic optimization ; direct policy search ; inverted siphon ; environmental flow ; parameterization ; accompanying progressive optimality algorithm ; integrated management ; hydropower stations ; differential evolution algorithm ; sediment flushing of empty storage ; back propagation neural network ; NSGA-II ; two-dimensional bed evolution model ; real-time control ; upper Chao Phraya River Basin ; CMIP5 ; genetic algorithm ; dam ; irrigation ; CMIP3 ; water energy ; discharge ; the Jingjiang River Reach ; water environmental capacity (WEC) ; climate change ; shortage ratio: Vulnerability ; optimal scheduling ; hydrology ; Siemianówka ; ungauged basin ; game theory ; power function ; SWAT ; Dokan Dam ; natural flow regime ; bitterling ; reservoir flushing ; vertical profiles of concentration ; ratio curve ; partial gauged basin ; sediment load ; adaptive management ; water deficit ; the upper Yangtze River Basin ; Miyun Reservoir ; parameter relation ; stochastic dynamic programming ; NPP ; runoff response ; Narew River ; coupling model ; Langcang-Mekong River ; drinking water resources ; the Huangshi Reservoir ; reverse regulation ; nutrient uptake ; water resources allocation ; multi-agent of river basin ; HEC-ResPRM ; dynamic programming with progressive optimality algorithm (DP-POA) ; reservoir operation ; sea surface temperatures ; reservoir simulation model ; SWAT model ; El Niño/Southern Oscillation ; CORDEX-Africa ; hedging policy ; multi-objective optimization NSGA II ; reservoir ; general regression neural network ; flood control ; Jingjiang River Reach ; catchment modelling ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
    Language: English
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  • 154
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    Unknown
    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: The millimeter-wave frequency band (30–300 GHz) is considered a potential candidate to host very high data rate communications. First used for high capacity radio links and then for broadband indoor wireless networks, the interest in this frequency band has increased as it is proposed to accommodate future 5G mobile communication systems. The large bandwidth available will enable a number of new uses for 5G. In addition, due to the large propagation attenuation, this frequency band may provide some additional advantages regarding frequency reuse and communication security. However, a number of issues have to be addressed to make mm-wave communications viable. This book collects a number of contributions that present solutions to these challenges.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; n/a ; OFDM ; FPGA ; high-efficiency ; hybrid analog–digital multi-user equalizer ; recovery times ; millimeter-wave ; macrodiversity ; mmWave ; additive manufactuing ; testbed ; sub-connected architectures ; low noise amplifier ; varactor diodes ; channel measurements ; SDR ; permittivity ; package ; coherence bandwidth ; radio channel ; beam steering antenna system ; millimeter wave ; 5G ; beam scanning ; link blockage ; 3D-printed antenna ; undoped silicon ; variable phase shifter ; planar lens ; massive MIMO ; indoor ; path loss ; millimeter wave communications ; analog precoder ; GaAs pHEMT ; diode compensation ; parabolic ; K-band ; temperature ; Yagi antenna ; waveguide ; quasi-optics ; measurements ; power amplifier ; UHD stream ; discrete lens ; 3D-printing ; 3-D printing ; SIW technology ; time-dispersion ; transition ; free space method ; correlated blocking ; multi-beam ; delay-spread ; tapered matching ; linearity enhancement ; wideband ; RF frontends ; line-of-sight ; transmitarray antenna ; analog beamforming ; beam recovery ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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  • 155
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    Unknown
    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: This Special Issue ""Multi-Agent Systems"" gathers original research articles reporting results on the steadily growing area of agent-oriented computing and multi-agent systems technologies. After more than 20 years of academic research on multi-agent systems (MASs), in fact, agent-oriented models and technologies have been promoted as the most suitable candidates for the design and development of distributed and intelligent applications in complex and dynamic environments. With respect to both their quality and range, the papers in this Special Issue already represent a meaningful sample of the most recent advancements in the field of agent-oriented models and technologies. In particular, the 17 contributions cover agent-based modeling and simulation, situated multi-agent systems, socio-technical multi-agent systems, and semantic technologies applied to multi-agent systems. In fact, it is surprising to witness how such a limited portion of MAS research already highlights the most relevant usage of agent-based models and technologies, as well as their most appreciated characteristics. We are thus confident that the readers of Applied Sciences will be able to appreciate the growing role that MASs will play in the design and development of the next generation of complex intelligent systems. This Special Issue has been converted into a yearly series, for which a new call for papers is already available at the Applied Sciences journal’s website: https://www.mdpi.com/journal/applsci/special_issues/Multi-Agent_Systems_2019.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; multi-agent systems ; agent development framework ; semantic web ; online double auction ; agent development methodology ; intelligent agents ; travel behavior ; computational accountability ; coordinated control ; directed graph ; agent methodologies ; surface vehicle ; SEA_ML ; sociogram ; formation tracking ; socio-technical systems ; agreement technologies ; electronic bartering system ; delay ; social commitments ; human-machine interaction ; regression models ; collision avoidance ; electric vehicles ; mechanism design ; model-driven development ; agent technology ; multi agent systems ; computer science ; 3D representation ; multiagent systems ; scaled consensus ; multi-agent simulation ; multiple passive agents ; type-2 fuzzy inference system ; Artificial Intelligence ; bike sharing systems (BSS) ; trajectory mining ; Mobile Robot Navigation ; open data ; RBFNNs ; agent-based programming ; methodologies for agent-based systems ; socio–technical systems ; underactuated vehicle ; BDI agents ; autonomous agents ; Behavior Trees (BTs) ; coordination models ; pedestrian environment ; person tracking ; cognitive disabilities ; coordination ; commuting ; genetic algorithm ; ontology ; Genetic Programming (GP) ; user interaction levels ; intelligent hybrid systems ; complex network ; agent-oriented technologies ; agent-based modeling ; network management ; behavior modeling ; semantic web service ; mobile communication ; smart cities ; mobile device agent ; organizational model ; [-5]agent-based simulation ; agent-based social simulation ; agent-based simulation ; data visualization ; linked data ; ambient intelligence ; orientation ; velocity obstacle ; multi-agent system ; kinodynamic planning ; agent-based modelling ; charging stations ; organizations and institutions ; agent behavior ; tree mining ; agent-oriented software engineering ; carpooling ; perishable goods ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
    Language: English
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  • 156
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    Unknown
    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: This book describes recent advances in geomechanics for energy and the sustainable environment. Four research articles, related to high-level radioactive nuclear waste disposal stability, geological effect and wellbore stability considerations for methane gas hydrate production, and artificial soil freezing, are presented in this book. In addition, a comprehensive state-of-the-art review verifies the strong correlation between global climate change and the occurrence of geotechnical engineering hazards. The review also summarizes recent attempts to reduce CO2 emissions from civil and geotechnical engineering practices. Readers will gain ideas as to how we can deal with conventional and renewable energy sources and environment-related geotechnical engineering issues.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; HLW disposal ; strength criterion ; dilation angle ; mechanical property ; shear shrinkage ; clay content ; constitutive model ; hydrate mining ; temperature field ; greenhouse gas ; disaster ; plastic strain ; phase change ; extreme precipitation ; geotechnical engineering hazard ; slippage at the interface ; plastic shear strain ; soil stabilization ; shear/normal coupling stiffness ; temperature ; triaxial shear ; numerical simulation ; depressurization method ; CWFS ; climate change ; carbon dioxide ; wellbore stability analysis ; direct shear experiment ; damage process ; global warming ; methane hydrate ; normal stress ; ground improvement ; yield condition ; granite ; lattice Boltzmann method ; artificial frozen soil wall ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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  • 157
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: The evolution of industrial development since the 18th century is now experiencing the fourth industrial revolution. The effect of the development has propagated into almost every sector of the industry. From inventory to the circular economy, the effectiveness of technology has been fruitful for industry. The recent trends in research, with new ideas and methodologies, are included in this book. Several new ideas and business strategies are developed in the area of the supply chain management, logistics, optimization, and forecasting for the improvement of the economy of the society and the environment. The proposed technologies and ideas are either novel or help modify several other new ideas. Different real life problems with different dimensions are discussed in the book so that readers may connect with the recent issues in society and industry. The collection of the articles provides a glimpse into the new research trends in technology, business, and the environment.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; Supply chain management ; benchmarking ; simulation ; mathematical analytic tools and techniques ; system reliability ; Trade-credit financing ; order allocation ; decomposition principle ; efficiency and scatter plots ; sustainable healthcare system ; workplace stress ; optimization ; defective rate ; electric power distribution ; newsvendor ; inspection ; energy ; air quality ; triangular fuzzy number ; quality control ; supplier selection ; multi-stage production system ; robustness ; offline inspection ; workers’ efficiency ; transshipments ; imperfect products ; process imperfection ; Bayesian approach ; imperfect production ; inventory modelling and optimization ; information asymmetry ; supply chain management ; framework for agile distributed development ; human-based production system ; lead-time reduction ; staff absenteeism ; inventory control ; fuzzy analytical hierarchy process (FAHP) ; sustainable ; develop strategies ; fuzzy optimization ; preventive maintenance ; imperfect quality ; refrigerated trucks ; petrochemical industries ; economic order quantity (EOQ) ; defectives ; substitute and complimentary items ; production modelling ; stochastic-petri net modeling ; supply chain inventory ; defective products ; transport infrastructure ; data envelopment analysis ; advertisement ; e-commerce ; price discounts ; recurrent states ; variable demand ; machine breakdown ; industry 4.0 ; rough interval ; partial trade credit ; business performance ; mixed integer nonlinear programming ; fixed charge ; preservation technology investment ; repairable system ; multicriteria decision making (MCDM) ; managerial considerations and managerial decisions ; four-dimensional transportation problem ; time series analysis ; permissible delays in payments ; integer linear programming ; process mean ; backordering ; stochastic-price dependent demand ; controllable probabilistic deterioration rate ; budget constraint ; likelihood ratio test ; radio frequency identification ; rework ; supplier selection process ; deteriorating items ; smart production ; scheduling ; green data envelopment analysis (GDEA) ; Cash discounts ; learning behavior ; imperfect manufacturing system ; inspection cost ; airborne particulate matter ; reworking ; fuzzy demand ; optimal algorithms ; distributed development ; sustainability ; distribution-free approach ; decision support systems ; evolutionary algorithm ; backorder ; inspection errors ; waste reduction ; resilient supply chain ; space constraint ; hybrid manufacturing- remanufacturing strategy ; edible oil ; complementary products ; CLSC management ; carbon emission ; change point detection ; revenue sharing ; production ; random defective rate ; pricing policy ; agile development ; inventory ; mathematical solution procedure ; reliability threshold ; outgoing quality ; disruption risks ; multi-objective ; strict quasi-concavity ; optimized limits ; uncertain information ; full trade credit ; customer acquisition cost ; Lean manufacturing ; imperfect repair ; substitutable products ; dynamic job-shop scheduling ; patient’s queue ; application program interfaces in agile distributed projects ; internet of things ; deterioration ; O2O channel ; targeting model ; lean manufacturing ; multidimensional scaling ; technical and super-efficiencies ; pricing ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
    Language: English
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  • 158
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Global concern about climate change caused by the exploitation of fossil fuels is encouraging the use of renewable energies. For instance, the European Union aims to be climate neutral by 2050. Biogas is an interesting renewable energy source due to its high calorific value. Today, biogas is mainly used for the production of electricity and heat by a combined heat and power engine. However, before its valorization, biogas needs to be desulfurized (H2S removal) to avoid corrosion and sulfur oxides emissions during its combustion. Biogas can be upgraded (CO2 removal) and used as vehicle fuel or injected into the natural gas grid. In the last 15 years, significant advances have occurred in the development of biological desulfurization processes. In this book with five chapters, the reader can find some of the latest advances in the biogas desulfurization and an overview of the state-of-the-art research. Three of them are research studies and two are reviews concerning the current state of biogas desulfurization technologies, economic analysis of alternatives, and the microbial ecology in biofiltration units. Biogas desulfurization is considered to be essential by many stakeholders (biogas producers, suppliers of biogas upgrading devices, gas traders, researchers, etc.) all around the world.
    Keywords: TP248.13-248.65 ; T1-995 ; biotrickling filters ; in-situ biogas desulphurisation ; response surface methodology ; microbial ecology ; anoxic biotrickling filter ; desulfurization ; molecular techniques ; open-pore polyurethane foam ; anaerobic digestion ; autotrophic denitrification ; anoxic biofiltration ; Teflon ; biotrickling filter ; biogas ; desulphurisation ; H2S ; post-biogas desulphurisation ; hydrogen sulfide elimination ; removal process ; Ottengraf’s model ; packing material ; hydrogen sulfide ; open polyurethane foam ; sulfur-oxidizing bacteria ; anoxic ; PVC ; biofiltration ; PET ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TC Biochemical engineering::TCB Biotechnology
    Language: English
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  • 159
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Attention in the AI safety community has increasingly started to include strategic considerations of coordination between relevant actors in the field of AI and AI safety, in addition to the steadily growing work on the technical considerations of building safe AI systems. This shift has several reasons: Multiplier effects, pragmatism, and urgency. Given the benefits of coordination between those working towards safe superintelligence, this book surveys promising research in this emerging field regarding AI safety. On a meta-level, the hope is that this book can serve as a map to inform those working in the field of AI coordination about other promising efforts. While this book focuses on AI safety coordination, coordination is important to most other known existential risks (e.g., biotechnology risks), and future, human-made existential risks. Thus, while most coordination strategies in this book are specific to superintelligence, we hope that some insights yield “collateral benefits” for the reduction of other existential risks, by creating an overall civilizational framework that increases robustness, resiliency, and antifragility.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; strategic oversight ; multi-agent systems ; autonomous distributed system ; artificial superintelligence ; safe for design ; adaptive learning systems ; explainable AI ; ethics ; scenario mapping ; typologies of AI policy ; artificial intelligence ; design for values ; distributed goals management ; scenario analysis ; Goodhart’s Law ; specification gaming ; AI Thinking ; VSD ; AI ; human-in-the-loop ; value sensitive design ; future-ready ; forecasting AI behavior ; AI arms race ; AI alignment ; blockchain ; artilects ; policy making on AI ; distributed ledger ; AI risk ; Bayesian networks ; artificial intelligence safety ; conflict ; AI welfare science ; moral and ethical behavior ; scenario network mapping ; policymaking process ; human-centric reasoning ; antispeciesism ; AI forecasting ; transformative AI ; ASILOMAR ; judgmental distillation mapping ; terraforming ; pedagogical motif ; AI welfare policies ; superintelligence ; artificial general intelligence ; supermorality ; AI value alignment ; AGI ; predictive optimization ; AI safety ; technological singularity ; machine learning ; holistic forecasting framework ; simulations ; existential risk ; technology forecasting ; AI governance ; sentiocentrism ; AI containment ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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  • 160
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Irrigation is becoming an activity of precision, where combining information collected from various sources is necessary to optimally manage resources. New management strategies, such as big data techniques, sensors, artificial intelligence, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV), and new technologies in general, are becoming more relevant every day. As such, modeling techniques, both at the water distribution network and the farm levels, will be essential to gather information from various sources and offer useful recommendations for decision-making processes. In this book, 10 high quality papers were selected that cover a wide range of issues that are relevant to the different aspects related to irrigation management: water source and distribution network, plot irrigation systems, and crop water management.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; TC1-978 ; T1-995 ; Calathea ; irrigation demands ; variable topography ; water need index (WNI) ; rotator spray sprinkler ; olive orchard ; evapotranspiration ; modified drag model ; center pivot system ; hydraulic model ; optimization ; energy consumption ; the stable carbon isotope technique ; pump-as-turbine ; irrigation DSS ; Stromanthe ; ballistic simulation ; water resources management ; weed algorithm ; low-pressure ; modelling ; decision support systems ; water depth ; payback period ; irrigation networks ; water productivity ; fertigation scheduling ; container-grown plants ; irrigation water allocation ; actual evapotranspiration (ETA) ; sugar beet ; precision irrigation ; combinatorial analysis ; lined irrigation open-canal ; calibration ; soil-water-plant-atmosphere models ; daily water requirements ; hydraulic modelling ; AquaCrop ; reclaimed water ; hydropower ; crop transpiration ; water-energy nexus ; variable speed ; summer maize ; ornamental foliage plants ; Aswan High Dam ; energy losses ; well ; drip irrigation ; statistical analysis ; unmeasured discharges estimation ; irrigation network ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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  • 161
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Wind turbine aerodynamics is one of the central subjects of wind turbine technology. To reduce the levelized cost of energy (LCOE), the size of a single wind turbine has been increased to 12 MW at present, with further increases expected in the near future. Big wind turbines and their associated wind farms have many advantages but also challenges. The typical effects are mainly related to the increase in Reynolds number and blade flexibility. This Special Issue is a collection of 21 important research works addressing the aerodynamic challenges appearing in such developments. The 21 research papers cover a wide range of problems related to wind turbine aerodynamics, which includes atmospheric turbulent flow modeling, wind turbine flow modeling, wind turbine design, wind turbine control, wind farm flow modeling in complex terrain, wind turbine noise modeling, vertical axis wind turbine, and offshore wind energy. Readers from all over the globe are expected to greatly benefit from this Special Issue collection regarding their own work and the goal of enabling the technological development of new environmentally friendly and cost-effective wind energy systems in order to reach the target of 100% energy use from renewable sources, worldwide, by 2050
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; simplified free vortex wake ; n/a ; H-type VAWT ; variable pitch ; wind tunnel experiment ; rotor blade optimization ; Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm (NSGA-II) ; wake effect ; wind turbine noise propagation ; RANS ; axial steady condition ; wind turbine blades ; optimization ; computational fluid dynamic ; straight blade ; typhoon ; gradient-based ; image processing ; actuator line method ; piezo-electric flow sensor ; stall ; turbulence ; airfoil design ; vortex ring ; defects ; DMST model ; wind turbine design ; S809 airfoil ; dynamic fluid body interaction ; Computational Fluid Dynamics ; ABL stability ; semi-submersible platform ; random search ; floating offshore wind turbine ; blade length ; adjoint approach ; Fatigue Loads ; wind turbine optimization ; wind turbine airfoil ; particle swarm optimization ; rotational augmentation ; NREL Phase VI ; mechanical performance ; coupling of aerodynamics and hydrodynamics ; tip speed ratio ; aerodynamics ; oscillating freestream ; super-statistics ; blade element momentum theory ; wind turbine ; wind energy ; boundary layer separation ; wind turbine blade optimization ; actuator disc ; dynamic stall ; complex terrain ; laminar-turbulent transition ; SCADA ; OpenFOAM ; atmospheric stability ; computational fluid dynamics ; economic analysis ; OC5 DeepCWind ; wind tunnel ; actuator disk ; meso/microscale ; cost of energy ; power coefficient ; pitch oscillation ; condition monitoring ; aerodynamic characteristics ; blade parametrization ; wind turbine wakes ; truss Spar floating foundation ; wind resource assessment ; wind shear ; wind turbine noise source ; design ; low wind speed areas ; aerodynamic ; wind farm ; met mast measurements ; turbulent inflow ; VAWTs (Vertical axis wind turbines) ; thermography ; wind speed extrapolation ; MEXICO ; wind turbine wake ; aerodynamic force ; layout optimization ; H-type floating VAWT ; LES ; NACA0012 ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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  • 162
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: As computer and space technologies have been developed, geoscience information systems (GIS) and remote sensing (RS) technologies, which deal with the geospatial information, have been rapidly maturing. Moreover, over the last few decades, machine learning techniques including artificial neural network (ANN), deep learning, decision tree, and support vector machine (SVM) have been successfully applied to geospatial science and engineering research fields. The machine learning techniques have been widely applied to GIS and RS research fields and have recently produced valuable results in the areas of geoscience, environment, natural hazards, and natural resources. This book is a collection representing novel contributions detailing machine learning techniques as applied to geoscience information systems and remote sensing.
    Keywords: TJ1-1570 ; TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; artificial neural network ; n/a ; model switching ; sensitivity analysis ; neural networks ; logit boost ; Qaidam Basin ; land subsidence ; land use/land cover (LULC) ; naïve Bayes ; multilayer perceptron ; convolutional neural networks ; single-class data descriptors ; logistic regression ; feature selection ; mapping ; particulate matter 10 (PM10) ; Bayes net ; gray-level co-occurrence matrix ; multi-scale ; Logistic Model Trees ; classification ; Panax notoginseng ; large scene ; coarse particle ; grayscale aerial image ; Gaofen-2 ; environmental variables ; variable selection ; spatial predictive models ; weights of evidence ; landslide prediction ; random forest ; boosted regression tree ; convolutional network ; Vietnam ; model validation ; colorization ; data mining techniques ; spatial predictions ; SCAI ; unmanned aerial vehicle ; high-resolution ; texture ; spatial sparse recovery ; landslide susceptibility map ; machine learning ; reproducible research ; constrained spatial smoothing ; support vector machine ; random forest regression ; model assessment ; information gain ; ALS point cloud ; bagging ensemble ; one-class classifiers ; leaf area index (LAI) ; landslide susceptibility ; landsat image ; ionospheric delay constraints ; spatial spline regression ; remote sensing image segmentation ; panchromatic ; Sentinel-2 ; remote sensing ; optical remote sensing ; materia medica resource ; GIS ; precise weighting ; change detection ; TRMM ; traffic CO ; crop ; training sample size ; convergence time ; object detection ; gully erosion ; deep learning ; classification-based learning ; transfer learning ; landslide ; traffic CO prediction ; hybrid model ; winter wheat spatial distribution ; logistic ; alternating direction method of multipliers ; hybrid structure convolutional neural networks ; geoherb ; predictive accuracy ; real-time precise point positioning ; spectral bands ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TD Industrial chemistry and manufacturing technologies::TDC Industrial chemistry and chemical engineering::TDCW Pharmaceutical chemistry and technology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Construction materials are the most widely used materials for civil infrastructure in our daily lives. However, from an environmental point of view, they consume a huge amount of natural resources and generate the majority of greenhouse gasses. Therefore, many new and novel technologies for designing environmentally friendly construction materials have been developed recently. This Special Issue, “Environment-Friendly Construction Materials”, has been proposed and organized as a means to present recent developments in the field of construction materials. It covers a wide range of selected topics on construction materials.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; fluorescence spectrum ; microstructure ; regeneration ; sensitivity analysis ; asphalt mixes ; limestone aggregates ; bio-oil ; plateau value of dissipated strain energy ratio ; diatomite ; water-leaching pretreatment ; fatigue performance ; ultra-thin wearing course ; recycling aggregate ; design optimization ; induction heating ; vibration noise consumption ; bitumen ; relaxation ; viscous-elastic temperature ; field evaluation ; healing agents ; transmittance ; Ca-alginate microcapsules ; artificially aged asphalt mixture ; sequencing batch Chlorella reactor ; waste concrete ; plant ash lixivium ; steel fiber ; ultra-high performance concrete ; titanate coupling agent ; SEM ; self-healing ; physical properties ; porous pumice ; thermal–mechanical properties ; aggregate morphology ; asphalt mortar ; adhesion energy ; styrene–butadiene–styrene (SBS) modified bitumen ; water solute exposure ; emulsified asphalt ; demulsification speed ; mineral-asphalt mixtures ; aging processes ; phase change materials ; surface texture ; long-term drying shrinkage ; contact angle ; aging depth ; asphalt ; calcium alginate capsules ; nitrogen and phosphorus removal ; micro-morphology ; rice husk ash ; low-temperature ; cement ; hydrophobic nanosilica ; asphalt mixture ; thickness combinations ; layered double hydroxide ; initial self-healing temperature ; environmentally friendly construction materials ; epoxidized soybean oil ; limestone ; chemical evolutions ; temperature sensitivity characteristics ; micro-surfacing ; cement emulsified asphalt mixture ; dynamic characteristics ; high-strength concrete ; flame retardant ; durability ; creep ; damping ; damage constitutive model ; Ultra-High Performance Concrete (UHPC) ; granite aggregate ; diatomite-modified asphalt mixture ; healing model ; asphalt combustion ; freeze-thaw cycle ; SBS-modified bitumen ; workability ; graphene ; flow behavior index ; fluidity ; parametrization ; fatigue property ; rankinite ; railway application ; crystallization sensitivity ; aqueous solute compositions ; pozzolanic reaction ; self-healing asphalt ; recycled material ; artificial neural network ; rheological properties ; molecular dynamic simulation ; building envelopes ; aluminum hydroxide ; crumb rubber ; optimization ; viscoelasticity ; building energy conservation ; diffusing ; anti-rutting agent ; molecular bridge ; engineered cementitious composites (ECC) ; pavement performance ; morphology ; colloidal structure ; hydrophilic nanosilica ; construction materials ; road engineering ; laboratory evaluation ; rejuvenator ; fatigue equation ; aggregates ; three-point bending fatigue test ; energy-based approach ; aggregate from sanitary ceramic wastes ; polyacrylic acid ; mastic ; CO2 ; specific surface area ; aggregate image measurement system ; solubilizer ; flexibility ; simplex lattice design ; SBS/CRP-modified bitumen ; water stability ; fatigue life ; rejuvenating systems ; skid-resistance ; reclaimed asphalt pavement ; rheology ; hydration characteristic ; surface energy ; modified asphalt materials ; asphalt pavement ; stripping test ; SOD ; tensile stresses ; ultraviolet radiation ; basalt fiber ; “blue-shift” ; polyvinyl alcohol ; sanitary ceramics ; dynamic moduli ; aggregate characteristics ; compound modify ; expanded graphite ; steel slag ; induced healing ; thermal property ; effective heating depth ; dissipated strain energy ; MDA ; mechanical behavior ; plateau value of permanent deformation ratio ; long-term field service ; crack healing ; desulphurization gypsum residues ; pavement failure ; rejuvenation ; interfacial transition zone ; combination ; polyethylene glycol ; adsorption ; tensile strains ; cold recycled asphalt mixture ; resistance to deformations ; asphalt-aggregate adhesion ; viscoelastic properties ; damage evolution ; carbonation ; microwave heating ; amorphous silica ; high-modulus asphalt mixture (HMAM) ; hot mix asphalt containing recycled concrete aggregate ; microfluidic ; dynamic responses ; concrete ; asphalt mastic ; crumb rubber powder ; response surface methodology ; nanomaterial ; self-compacting concrete (SCC) ; rutting factor ; X-ray computed tomography ; fiber modification ; overlay tester ; rubber modified asphalt ; ageing ; aged bitumen ; aged asphalt ; recycling ; damage characteristics ; dynamic tests ; permeation ; ageing resistance ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Additive manufacturing (AM) is one of the manufacturing processes that warrants the attention of industrialists, researchers and scientists, because of its ability to produce materials with a complex shape without theoretical restrictions and with added functionalities. There are several advantages to employing additive manufacturing as the primary additive manufacturing process. However, there exist several challenges that need to be addressed systematically. A couple such issues are alloy design and process development. Traditionally alloys designed for conventional cast/powder metallurgical processes were fabricated using advanced AM processes. This is the wrong approach considering that the alloys should be coined based on the process characteristics and meta-stable nature of the process. Hence, we must focus on alloy design and development for AM that suits the AM processes. The AM processes, however, improve almost every day, either in terms of processing capabilities or processing conditions. Hence, the processing part warrants a section that is devoted to these advancements and innovations. Accordingly, the present Special Issue (book) focuses on two aspects of alloy development and process innovations. Here, 45 articles are presented covering different AM processes including selective laser melting, electron beam melting, laser cladding, direct metal laser sintering, ultrasonic consolidation, wire arc additive manufacturing, and hybrid manufacturing. I believe that this Special Issue bears is vital to the field of AM and will be a valuable addition.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; microstructure ; slag ; crystallographic texture ; epoxy solder ; additive manufacturing ; substrate preheating ; thermosetting epoxy resin ; AlSi10Mg alloy ; impact ; residual stress ; stability lobe diagram ; laves phase ; vanadium ; selective laser melting (SLM) ; molten pool dynamic behavior ; scanning strategy ; pulse frequency ; thin-walled weak rigidity parts ; scanning ; aluminum ; elastic abrasive ; 2219 aluminum alloy ; Powder bed ; ABS ; laser energy density ; equivalent processing model ; composition ; numerical analysis ; scanning electron microscopy (SEM) ; Hastelloy X alloy ; regular mixing ; texture evolution ; graphene nano-sheets (GNSs) ; Electron Beam Melting ; powder bed fusion ; microstructural evolution ; Mg content ; cement ; bulk metallic glasses ; grain refinement ; Taguchi ; intermediate thermo-mechanical treatment ; valorization ; microstructure and properties ; arc current ; high computational efficiency ; powder properties ; dynamic characteristics ; composite materials ; CuAl2 phase ; rapid solidification ; magnetizer ; M300 mold steel ; circular economy ; titanium alloy ; Al–5Si alloy ; Al–Mg–Si alloy ; ultrasonic bonding ; water absorption ; disc brake ; support strategy ; inoculation ; arc additive manufacture ; 3D metal printing ; ultrafast laser ; Hot Isostatic Pressure ; arc additive manufacturing ; continuous carbon fiber ; performance characteristics ; process-damping ; intermetallic compound (IMC) ; interfaces ; direct metal laser sintering ; porosity ; nickel-based superalloy ; element segregation ; hydrophobicity ; H13 tool steel ; Cu50Zr43Al7 ; metal powders ; parameter optimization ; side spatters ; powder packing ; 3D printing ; precipitates ; n/a ; simulation ; laser cladding deposition ; melt pool size ; quenching rate ; Al–Mg alloy ; tailored properties ; workpiece scale ; fatigue ; laser cladding ; Ti-6Al-4V ; deformation ; quality of the as-built parts ; model ; milling ; wire feeding additive manufacturing ; martensitic transformation ; ball milling ; Inconel 718 ; ablation ; in-process temperature in MPBAM ; subgranular dendrites ; porosity reduction ; femtosecond ; paint bake-hardening ; Al6061 ; defects ; continuous dynamic recrystallization ; wear ; Additive manufacturing ; volumetric heat source ; Ti6Al4V alloy ; AlSi10Mg ; radial grooves ; GH4169 ; temperature and stress fields ; laser powder bed fusion ; metallic glasses ; numerical simulation ; latent heat ; divisional scanning ; wire lateral feeding ; laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) ; heat treatment ; thermal behaviour ; fused filament fabrication ; microstructures ; thermal conductivity ; 12CrNi2 alloy steel powder ; tensile strength ; hot stamping steel blanks ; multi-laser manufacturing ; aluminum alloys ; additive surface structuring ; parts design ; process parameters ; thermal stress analysis ; SLM process parameters ; nickel alloys ; Al–Si ; powder flowability ; laser power absorption ; refractory high-entropy alloy ; localized inductive heating ; mechanical properties ; selective laser melting ; storage energy ; concrete ; mechanical property ; gray cast iron ; constitutive model ; analytical modeling ; hot deformation ; epitaxial growth ; design ; flowability ; amorphous alloy ; PSO-BP neural network algorithm ; molten pool evolution ; microhardness measurement ; macro defects ; thermal capillary effects ; finite element analysis ; dynamic properties ; WxNbMoTa ; properties ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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  • 165
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Climate change is one of the main threats to modern society. This phenomenon is associated with an increase in greenhouse gas (GHGs, mainly carbon dioxide—CO2) emissions due to anthropogenic activities. The main causes are the burning of fossil fuels and land use change (deforestation). Climate change impacts are associated with risks to basic needs (health, food security, and clean water), as well as risks to development (jobs, economic growth, and the cost of living). The processes involving CO2 capture and storage are gaining attention in the scientific community as an alternative for decreasing CO2 emissions, reducing its concentration in ambient air. The carbon capture and storage (CCS) methodologies comprise three steps: CO2 capture, CO2 transportation, and CO2 storage. Despite the high research activity within this topic, several technological, economic, and environmental issues as well as safety problems remain to be solved, such as the following needs: increase of CO2 capture efficiency, reduction of process costs, and verification of the environmental sustainability of CO2 storage.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) ; techno-economic analysis ; the Loess Plateau ; power-to-methane ; GHG mitigation ; CO2 capture and utilization ; cement production with CO2 capture ; oxyfuel ; knowledge mapping ; technological evolution ; CO2 capture ; CO2 capture in industry ; IGCC ; InVEST ; electricity production ; life cycle assessment ; carbon storage ; carbon capture and storage ; CO2 capture retrofitability ; TBAB ; supercritical CO2 ; hydrate ; membrane-assisted CO2 liquefaction ; micromorphology ; synthetic natural gas ; stability map ; carbon capture and storage (CCS) ; renewable power ; carbon density ; fossil fuels ; chilled ammonia ; CCS ; cement ; MEA-based absorption ; carbon capture ; energy dependence ; calcium looping ; CO2 separation ; CO2 pipeline ; flow instability ; CiteSpace ; anti-agglomerant ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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  • 166
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Electronic engineering and design innovation are both academic and practical engineering fields that involve systematic technological materialization through scientific principles and engineering designs. Technological innovation via electronic engineering includes electrical circuits and devices, computer science and engineering, communications and information processing, and electrical engineering communications. The Special Issue selected excellent papers presented at the International Conference on Knowledge Innovation and Invention 2018 (IEEE ICKII 2018) on the topic of electronics and their applications. This conference was held on Jeju Island, South Korea, 23–27 July 2018, and it provided a unified communication platform for researchers from all over the world. The main goal of this Special Issue titled “Selected papers from IEEE ICKII 2018” is to discover new scientific knowledge relevant to the topic of electronics and their applications.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; n/a ; bandpass filter ; total harmonic distortion (THD) ; long short term memory (LSTM) ; integrated passive device ; intertwined spiral inductor ; global navigation satellite system (GNSS) ; hardware in the loop (HIL) ; interdigital capacitor ; inertial navigation system (INS) ; finite-time convergence control (FTCC) ; digital speckle correlation measurement method ; discrete grey prediction model (DGPM) ; interior permanent magnet synchronous motor ; fuzzy logic ; full pixel search algorithm ; maximum torque per voltage (MTPV) ; spiral capacitor ; gated recurrent unit (GRU) ; chattering ; microelectronics system (MEMS) ; field weakening ; maximum torque per ampere (MTPA) ; hardware implementation ; AC power supply ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Driven by new regulations, new market structures, and new energy resources, the smart grid has been the trigger for profound changes in the way that electricity is generated, distributed, managed, and consumed. The smart grid has raised the traditional power grid by using a two-way electricity and information flow to create an advanced, automated power supply network. However, these pioneering smart grid technologies must grow to adapt to the demands of the current digital society. In today’s digital landscape, we can access feasible data and knowledge that were merely inconceivable. This Special Issue aims to address the landscape in which smart grids are progressing, due to the advent of pervasive technologies like the Internet of Things (IoT). It will be the advanced exploitation of the massive amounts of data generated from (low-cost) IoT sensors that will become the main driver to evolve the concept of the smart grid, currently focused on infrastructure, towards the digital energy network paradigm, focused on service. Furthermore, collective intelligence will improve the processes of decision making and empower citizens. Original manuscripts focusing on state-of-the-art IoT networking and communications, M2M communications, cyberphysical system architectures, big data analytics or cloud computing applied to digital energy platforms, including design methodologies and practical implementation aspects, are welcome.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; energy management system ; n/a ; home energy management system ; nanogrids ; electric energy storage ; genetic algorithm ; voltage unbalance ; harmonics ; self-consumption ; prosumer ; power system reliability ; microgrid ; communication ; low-cost solutions ; distributed energy resources ; LoRa technology ; smart inverter ; direct load control ; distributed generation ; power quality ; mixed-integer linear programming ; PV monitoring ; islanded operation ; wireless ; frequency variations ; demand response ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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  • 168
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: As the Guest Editor of this Special Issue entitled ""Science, Characterization, and Technology of Joining and Welding"" of Metals, I am pleased to have this book published by MDPI. Joining, including welding, soldering, brazing, and assembly, is an essential requirement in manufacturing processes and is classified as a secondary manufacturing process. This Special Issue of Metals includes technical and review papers on, but not limited to, different aspects of joining and welding, including welding technologies (i.e., fusion-based welding and solid-state welding), characterization, metallurgy and materials science, quality control, and design and numerical simulation. This Special Issue also includes the joining of different materials, including metal and non-metals (polymers and composites), including 17 peer-reviewed papers from several researchers all around the globe (China, Germany, Brazil, South Koria, Slovakia, USA, Taiwan, Canada, and India). As of this date (April 2020), the papers in this Special Issue have been cited 47 times by other researchers, which I think is an eminent number and shows the high quality of the published papers in this Issue. This Special Issue includes a large diversity of various subjects in the field of joining: laser welding, friction stir welding, diffusion bonding, multipass welding, rotary friction-welding, friction bit joining, adhesive bonding, weldbonding, simulation and experimentation, metal/FRP joints, welding simulation, plasma–TIG coupled arc welding, liquation cracking, soldering, resin bonding, microstructural characteristics, brazing, and friction stir butt and scarf welding. I would like to sincerely thank all the researchers who contributed to this Special Issue for their high-quality research. I also would like to acknowledge Mr. Toliver Guo, Senior Assistant Editor at MDPI, who continuously and tirelessly contributed toward this Special Issue by assisting me with inviting the authors and the follow ups. I think this Special Issue will enhance our knowledge and understanding in the field of joining and assembly. I would like to dedicate this book to my wife, Mehrnoosh, for her continued support and encouragement.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; microstructure ; phased array ultrasonic ; thermophysical property ; FRP ; simulation ; eutectoid ; tint etching ; TAN alloy ; dissimilar material joining ; thermal compression bonding ; HAZ cracking ; welding thermal cycles ; IN738 superalloy ; carbide dissolution ; solder ; friction bit joining ; weld bonding ; interfacial microstructure ; adhesive thermos-mechanical property ; API 5L X80 steel ; scarf joint ; thermal spraying ; pores ; Cr-Mo steel ; welding ; hot pressing ; local brittle zone ; electrical properties ; Ti2AlNb alloy ; tool pin profiles ; adhesive bonding ; mechanical properties ; carbon fiber-reinforced polymer ; surface structuring ; m23c6 ; Zn-coated low carbon microalloyed steels ; flux-less soldering ; dissimilar joints ; energy-input ; medium thick plate model ; design of experiments ; oxide layer ; mechanical interlocking ; rotary friction-welding ; 22MnB5 ; ultrasonic bonding ; titanium ; anisotropy ; coupled arc ; heat-affected zone ; aluminum ; plasma-TIG ; joint mechanical properties ; hybrid joining ; microconstituent ; dual-phase steel ; high-crystalline content zirconia ; flex-on-board assembly ; active monomers ; butt joint ; copper ; clad filler foil ; SA213-T23 ; arc profile ; numerical simulation ; tailor welded blanks ; ceramics ; vacuum brazing ; coating ; longitudinal wave ; direct diffusion bonding ; metallurgy ; pressure distribution ; flow stress ; SnBi58 solder joint morphology ; adhesion ; dissimilar weldments ; laser welding ; distributed point heat sources model ; mechanical strength ; taguchi design ; bonding strength ; friction stir welding ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: There are many regions worldwide which are susceptible to extreme loads such as earthquakes. These can cause loss of life and adverse impacts on civil infrastructures, the environment, and communities. A series of methods and measures have been used to mitigate the effects of these extreme loads. The adopted approaches and methods must enable civil structures to be resilient and sustainable. Therefore, to reduce damage and downtime in addition to protecting life and promoting safety, new resilient structure technologies must be proposed and developed. This special issue book focuses on methods of enhancing the sustainability and resilience of civil infrastructures in the event of extreme loads (e.g., earthquakes). This book contributes proposals of and theoretical, numerical, and experimental research on new and resilient civil structures and their structural performance under extreme loading events. These works will certainly play a significant role in promoting the application of new recoverable structures. Moreover, this book also introduces some case studies discussing the implementation of low-damage structural systems in buildings as well as articles on the development of design philosophies and performance criteria for resilient buildings and new sustainable communities.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; artificial neural network ; corrosion ; mined-out region ; finite element ; column-top isolation ; pseudodynamic test ; seismic performance ; sustainability prediction ; shear performance ; nonlinear time-history analysis ; shaking table test ; civil infrastructures ; angle section ; seismic connection detail ; cyclic loading test ; extreme loads ; sudden column removal ; flow ; water supply networks ; displacement response spectrum ; cold-formed steel composite shear wall building ; mitigation ; probabilistic framework ; nonlinearity ; optimized section ; corporation ; GM selection ; seismic damage ; natural hazards ; analysis ; spectrum variance ; viscous damper ; Great East Japan Earthquake ; OpenFresco ; Brazier flattening ; substructure ; damage ; model-based ; tapered cross section ; liquefaction ; measurement ; NDE ; settlement ; seismic behavior ; resilience ; hybrid damper ; numerical simulation ; structural response estimates ; probabilistic ; energy-based approximate analysis ; damping effect ; cold-formed steel structure ; silt ; ground motion ; boundary technique ; energy dissipative devices ; reinforced concrete ; cyclic reversal test ; ground improvement ; simplified modeling method ; beam ; girder ; integration algorithm ; force-displacement control ; reinforced concrete frames ; mid-rise ; intermediate column ; time-frequency energy distribution ; single-layer reticulated dome ; structural robustness ; precast slab ; chloride ingress ; dynamic model ; Brazier effect ; earthquake ; sustainability ; carbonation ; replaceable coupling beam ; railway construction ; concrete ; variational method ; shear wall ; progressive collapse ; abnormal loads ; recovery ; earthquakes ; resilience-based design ; disaster ; OpenSees ; seismic analysis ; response surface method ; subway station ; ratcheting effect ; matching pursuit decomposition ; hybrid simulation ; subway induced vibration ; dynamic structural analysis ; numerical simulations ; structural sensitivity ; inflection point ; system restoration ; infinite element boundary ; simulation model ; Monte Carlo simulation ; nonlinear response ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: This book results from a Special Issue published in Energies, entitled “Building Thermal Envelope"". Its intent is to identify emerging research areas within the field of building thermal envelope solutions and contribute to the increased use of more energy-efficient solutions in new and refurbished buildings. Its contents are organized in the following sections: Building envelope materials and systems envisaging indoor comfort and energy efficiency; Building thermal and energy modelling and simulation; Lab test procedures and methods of field measurement to assess the performance of materials and building solutions; Smart materials and renewable energy in building envelope; Adaptive and intelligent building envelope; and Integrated building envelope technologies for high performance buildings and cities.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; TH1-9745 ; T1-995 ; actual physical performance test ; n/a ; thermal performance ; building component development ; peak load reduction ; opaque exterior wall ; simulation performance test ; cork ; Designbuilder simulation ; U-value ; natural ventilation ; temperature distribution ; thermal transmittance ; awning window ; energy efficiency ; passive solar building ; traditional Diyarbak?r houses ; hot box ; energy ; thermal insulating rendering mortar ; window thermal performance ; energy retrofitting ; hybrid heat collecting facade (HHCF) ; thermosyphon ; measuring and control system ; Green Mark ; green buildings ; data post-processing ; building envelope ; thermographic measurement ; courtyard ; air environment ; envelope thermal performance ; heat transfer ; CFD ; expanded polystyrene (EPS) ; Integrated Digital Delivery (IDD) ; convergence characteristics ; window type ; Building Information Modeling ; settlement ; cloud-based ; average method ; roof window ; gray polystyrene ; thermal management ; life cycle assessment ; school restroom ; natural circulation loop ; heat flow meter method ; digital temperature probes ; heat transfer model ; artificial sun ; life cycle costs ; thermal anisotropy ; thermal resistance ; passive building ; energy performance ; thermal models ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Recently, growing interest in the use of remote sensing imagery has appeared to provide synoptic maps of water quality parameters in coastal and inner water ecosystems;, monitoring of complex land ecosystems for biodiversity conservation; precision agriculture for the management of soils, crops, and pests; urban planning; disaster monitoring, etc. However, for these maps to achieve their full potential, it is important to engage in periodic monitoring and analysis of multi-temporal changes. In this context, very high resolution (VHR) satellite-based optical, infrared, and radar imaging instruments provide reliable information to implement spatially-based conservation actions. Moreover, they enable observations of parameters of our environment at greater broader spatial and finer temporal scales than those allowed through field observation alone. In this sense, recent very high resolution satellite technologies and image processing algorithms present the opportunity to develop quantitative techniques that have the potential to improve upon traditional techniques in terms of cost, mapping fidelity, and objectivity. Typical applications include multi-temporal classification, recognition and tracking of specific patterns, multisensor data fusion, analysis of land/marine ecosystem processes and environment monitoring, etc. This book aims to collect new developments, methodologies, and applications of very high resolution satellite data for remote sensing. The works selected provide to the research community the most recent advances on all aspects of VHR satellite remote sensing.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; TA170-171 ; very high-resolution Pléiades imagery ; surface convergence ; data augmentation ; acquisition geometry ; SVM classification ; urban water mapping ; beaver dam analogue ; agriculture parcel segmentation ; morphological building index ; airborne hypespectral imagery ; sunglint correction ; water index ; over-segmentation index (OSI) ; High-resolution satellite imagery ; multi-resolution segmentation (MRS) ; GaoFen-2 (GF-2) ; benthic mapping ; scene classification ; greenhouse extraction ; edge constraint ; Deformable CNN ; built-up areas extraction ; ultra-dense connection ; seagrass ; beaver mimicry ; forested mountain ; natural hazards ; remote sensing ; dimensionality reduction techniques ; road extraction ; landslide monitoring ; Slumgullion landslide ; synthetic aperture radar ; building detection ; Worldview-2 ; saliency index ; under-segmentation index (USI) ; texture analysis ; fast marching method ; video satellite ; CNN ; capsule ; super-resolution ; feature distillation ; shadow detection ; PrimaryCaps ; semiautomatic ; compensation unit ; superpixels ; riparian ; QuickBird ; submesoscale ; linear unmixing ; accuracy assessment ; composite error index (CEI) ; cyanobacteria ; local feature points ; Faster R-CNN ; occluded object detection ; error index of total area (ETA) ; large displacements ; threshold stability ; remote sensing imagery ; water column correction ; canopy height model ; spiral eddy ; sub-pixel offset tracking ; consensus ; stream restoration ; western Baltic Sea ; Worldview ; very high-resolution image ; CapsNet ; atmospheric correction ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: The coastal zone is the host to many human activities, which have significantly increased in the last decades. However, sea level rise and more frequent storm events severely affect beaches and coastal structures, with negative consequences and dramatic impacts on coastal communities. These aspects add to typical coastal problems, like flooding and beach erosion, which already leading to large economic losses and human fatalities. Modeling is thus fundamental for an exhaustive understanding of the nearshore region in the present and future environment. Innovative tools and technologies may help to better understand coastal processes in terms of hydrodynamics, sediment transport, bed morphology, and their interaction with coastal structures. This book collects several contributions focusing on nearshore dynamics, and span among several time and spatial scales using both physical and numerical approaches. The aim is to describe the most recent advances in coastal dynamics.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; bending failure ; wind energy ; switching overvoltage ; marine energy ; floating offshore wind turbine (FOWT) ; hydrogen storage ; different loading directions ; armour ; vacuum circuit breaker ; HVAC ; CAES ; electrical connection ; reignition characteristics ; combined static and dynamic loads ; gravity-based structures ; ocean energy ; onshore-offshore wind power plant ; ERA5 ; development ; foundations ; weight ; jacket ; monopile ; monitoring ; frequency response functions ; renewable energies ; HVDC ; offshore wind farm ; size ; support structure ; free vortex wake ; P2X ; operation and maintenance ; horizontal vibration ; scour phenomenon ; load mitigation ; model testing ; support structures ; GBF ; safety factor ; design response spectrum ; nominal diameter ; wave ; aiRthermo ; broken mooring line ; tripod ; tension leg platforms ; mooring system ; wind power density ; physical models ; wind resource ; floating ; design and construction ; GBS ; ocean thermal ; air density ; loads and response ; coupled dynamic response ; tidal ; offshore wind energy ; offshore wind turbine ; optimal selection factors ; Lebanon ; trailing-edge flap ; ice force ; offshore wind ; wind turbine generators ; numerical models ; crushing failure ; marine currents ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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  • 173
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Masonry is a construction material that has been used throughout the years as a structural or non-structural component in buildings. Masonry can be described as a composite material made up of different units and diverse types of arrangements, with or without mortar, that is used in many ancient public buildings, as well as with the latest technologies being applied in construction. Research in multiple relevant fields, as well as crossing structural with non-structural needs, is crucial for understanding the qualities of existent buildings and to develop new products and construction technologies. This book addresses and promotes the discussion related to the different topics addressing the use of masonry in the construction sciences and in practice, including theory and research, numerical approaches and technical applications in new works, and repair actions and interventions in the built environment, connecting theory and application across topics from academia to industry.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; TH1-9745 ; T1-995 ; artificial neural network ; n/a ; regional constructive cultures ; neural networks ; cracks in shells ; infilled frames ; seismic assessment ; no-fines lightweight concrete ; unreinforced load-bearing masonry ; Nepal earthquake ; dynamic ; survey damage assessment ; masonry infills and partitions ; old urban center ; in situ test campaign ; repair costs due to infills ; static analysis ; AEM ; non-linear analysis ; mechanical properties ; numerical modelling ; granite masonry ; high-rise reinforced concrete structure ; damage analysis ; seismic rehabilitation ; structural restoration ; strengthening ; stone masonry ; masonry infill walls ; masonry characterization ; hysteresis ; ambient vibration test ; weak mortar ; seismic actions ; masonry ; bilinear approximation ; load-bearing masonry walls ; database ; flat-jack testing ; masonry shell ; Greco-Roman construction ; seismic retrofitting ; stone masonry wallets ; linear and non-linear numerical tools ; foundation settlement ; RC buildings ; observed performance ; capacity curve ; heritage construction ; masonry building ; shear-sliding tests ; post-earthquake surveys ; strengthening intervention ; wall ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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  • 174
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Mobile Mapping technologies have seen a rapid growth of research activity and interest in the last years, due to the increased demand of accurate, dense and geo-referenced 3D data. Their main characteristic is the ability of acquiring 3D information of large areas dynamically. This versatility has expanded their application fields from the civil engineering to a broader range (industry, emergency response, cultural heritage...), which is constantly widening. This increased number of needs, some of them specially challenging, is pushing the Scientific Community, as well as companies, towards the development of innovative solutions, ranging from new hardware / open source software approaches and integration with other devices, up to the adoption of artificial intelligence methods for the automatic extraction of salient features and quality assessment for performance verification The aim of the present book is to cover the most relevant topics and trends in Mobile Mapping Technology, and also to introduce the new tendencies of this new paradigm of geospatial science.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; LRF ; smartphone ; unmanned vehicle ; sensor fusion ; 2D laser scanner ; semantic enrichment ; Vitis vinifera ; indoor scenes ; terrestrial laser scanning ; vine size ; quadric fitting ; multi-group-step L-M optimization ; grammar ; MLS ; indoor topological localization ; trajectory fusion ; second order hidden Markov model ; room type tagging ; fingerprinting ; restoration ; laser scanning ; map management ; Lidar localization system ; point clouds ; binary vocabulary ; self-calibration ; 3D processing ; cultural heritage ; encoder ; category matching ; indoor mapping ; convolutional neural network (CNN) ; tunnel cross section ; visual positioning ; enhanced RANSAC ; segmentation-based feature extraction ; image retrieval ; handheld ; crowdsourcing trajectory ; visual landmark sequence ; indoor localization ; mobile mapping ; rapid relocation ; sensors configurations ; precision agriculture ; 3D digitalization ; mobile laser scanning ; robust statistical analysis ; plant vigor ; motion estimation ; visual simultaneous localization and mapping ; dynamic environment ; Bayesian inference ; automated database construction ; portable mobile mapping system ; SLAM ; small-scale vocabulary ; ORB-SLAM2 ; LiDAR ; IMMS ; point cloud ; optical sensors ; tunnel central axis ; constrained nonlinear least-squares problem ; 3D point clouds ; wearable mobile laser system ; geometric features ; 2D laser range-finder ; RGB-D camera ; OctoMap ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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  • 175
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Alternative and renewable energy sources already play a very decisive role in the development of human society, helping to fulfill increasing energy demands from both industrialized and underdeveloped countries, as well as economic needs, which must comply with a decarbonized economy, decreasing the energy impact on the global environment. Among these alternative energy sources, fuels such as biodiesel, methanol, and methane are good examples of how the previous design can be achieved, as these fuels can be obtained from renewable sources, used in applications such as transportation systems, electricity generation, fuel conversion, and even for electricity storage, with reduced impact on air emissions. This Special Issue includes papers on new and innovative technical developments or approaches, reviews, case studies, as well as assessment, papers from different disciplines, which are relevant to the optimization of biodiesel, methane/methanol production systems, simultaneously resulting in air quality improvement.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; electrolysis ; CaO catalyst ; calcium oxide ; ethanolysis ; synthetic fuels ; eggshell ; photobioreactor ; synthesis gas ; lipid ; hydrotreated kerosene ; renewable energy ; liquefied biomass ; ionic liquid catalyst ; microalgae ; methanolysis ; ß-carotene ; power plant exhaust gas ; biodiesel ; biomass ; heterogeneous catalysis ; economic analysis ; seafood inorganic wastes ; sustainability ; FAME ; microalgae culture ; solid base heterogeneous catalyst ; transesterification ; micro- and nano-structured catalysts ; vegetable oils ; acid mine drainage ; HY zeolite ; animal fats ; nano-catalyst ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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  • 176
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Biocompatibility refers to the ability of a biomaterial to perform its desired function with respect to a medical therapy, without eliciting any undesirable local or systemic effects in the recipient or beneficiary of that therapy, but generating the most appropriate beneficial cellular or tissue response in that specific situation, and optimizing the clinically relevant performance of that therapy, which reflects current developments in the area of intrinsically biocompatible polymer systems. Polymeric biomaterials are presently used as, for example, long-term implantable medical devices, degradable implantable systems, transient invasive intravascular devices, and, recently, as tissue engineering scaffolds. This Special Issue welcomes full papers and short communications highlighting the aspects of the current trends in the area of intrinsically biocompatible polymer systems.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; TA401-492 ; n/a ; hemocompatibility ; tissue engineering ; biocompatible nanoparticles ; enzymatic polymerization ; hyaluronan derivatives ; food-supplement ; X-ray microtomography ; water sorption ; degradation ; drug delivery ; ion-releasing materials ; HepaRG cells ; silk fibroin ; poly(benzyl malate) ; hyaluronan applications ; pluronic F127 ; thermal properties ; cyclohexanone ; solution behavior ; In vitro biosafety ; cosmetic ; osteoblasts ; chemical polymerization ; temporin ; electrospraying ; biodegradability ; cancer diagnosis ; extraction ; contrast agent ; mechanical properties ; biocompatible polymers ; ATRP ; biodegradable nano/microparticles ; hydrolytic degradation ; physicochemical properties ; PEEK copolymer synthesis ; cell uptake ; nanohydroxyapatite ; ionic liquids ; Chitosan ; crosslinking ; bone tunnel enlargement ; porous beads ; drug delivery systems ; biological activity ; PEEK composite ; activation energy of thermal decomposition ; citropin ; MRI ; biodegradable polymers ; chitooligosaccharide ; PHB ; human macrophages ; hyaluronic acid ; scaffolds ; Spine cage application ; physico-chemical properties ; shrinkage stress ; polyurethane ; polyhydroxyalkanoates ; SPION ; cytotoxicity ; septic arthritis ; hydroscopic expansion ; hyaluronan synthases ; ?-butyrolactone ; folate receptor ; molecular weight ; photoelastic investigation ; functionalization ; star polymers ; saliva ; controlled release ; chloroform ; release characteristics ; konjac glucomannan ; microcarriers ; anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction ; hyaluronidases ; biopolymers ; polylactide ; Poly (l-lactic) acid ; antimicrobial peptides ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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  • 177
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Mineral processing deals with complex particle systems with two-, three- and more phases. The modeling and understanding of these systems are a challenge for research groups and a need for the industrial sector. This Special Issue aims to present new advances, methodologies, applications, and case studies of computer-aided analysis applied to multiphase systems in mineral processing. This includes aspects such as modeling, design, operation, optimization, uncertainty analysis, among other topics. The special issue contains a review article and eleven articles that cover different methodologies of modeling, design, optimization, and analysis in problems of adsorption, leaching, flotation, and magnetic separation, among others. Consequently, the topics covered are of interest to readers from academia and industry.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; hydrothermal reaction ; n/a ; froth flotation ; modes of operation ; hydrocyclone ; computational fluid dynamic ; K-feldspar ; discrete event simulation ; endoscopic laser PIV ; magnetic separation ; adsorption ; silver leaching ; mining residues ; hydroxylation ; phase analysis ; multispecies ; turbulence models ; cyclonic flow field ; Boycott effect ; heap leaching ; flotation column ; artificial neural networks ; tailings ; lead chemistry ; thiosulfate ; flotation ; local regression ; CFD ; grinding ; fluorapatite ; settling velocity ; response surface methodology ; cassiterite ; thickening ; discrete element simulation ; DFT calculation ; flotation circuits ; recovery arrangement ; design ; smoothed particle hydrodynamics ; MLA (Mineral Liberation Analyzer) ; circuit configuration ; Pb(II)–BHA ; SEM-based image analysis ; uncertainty analysis ; partition curve ; tobermorite ; kinetic analysis ; water recovery ; process design ; metal–organic collectors ; natural convection ; quartz ; molecular dynamics ; machine learning ; flotation mechanism ; surface activation ; frontier molecular orbital ; support vector machine ; process optimization process ; hydrogarnet ; density functional theory ; Tabu-search algorithm ; global sensitivity analysis ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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  • 178
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: In a rapidly changing world, there is an ever-increasing need to monitor the Earth’s resources and manage it sustainably for future generations. Earth observation from satellites is critical to provide information required for informed and timely decision making in this regard. Satellite-based earth observation has advanced rapidly over the last 50 years, and there is a plethora of satellite sensors imaging the Earth at finer spatial and spectral resolutions as well as high temporal resolutions. The amount of data available for any single location on the Earth is now at the petabyte-scale. An ever-increasing capacity and computing power is needed to handle such large datasets. The Google Earth Engine (GEE) is a cloud-based computing platform that was established by Google to support such data processing. This facility allows for the storage, processing and analysis of spatial data using centralized high-power computing resources, allowing scientists, researchers, hobbyists and anyone else interested in such fields to mine this data and understand the changes occurring on the Earth’s surface. This book presents research that applies the Google Earth Engine in mining, storing, retrieving and processing spatial data for a variety of applications that include vegetation monitoring, cropland mapping, ecosystem assessment, and gross primary productivity, among others. Datasets used range from coarse spatial resolution data, such as MODIS, to medium resolution datasets (Worldview -2), and the studies cover the entire globe at varying spatial and temporal scales.
    Keywords: TD1-1066 ; T1-995 ; global monitoring service ; suspended sediment concentration ; image classification ; empirical ; Soil Moisture Active Passive ; data archival ; water resources ; GlobCover ; dNBR ; satellite imagery ; SDG ; cloud-based geo-processing ; spatial resolution ; land use change ; MTBS ; global scale ; landsat collection ; Geo Big Data ; trends ; FAPAR ; vegetation index ; pseudo-invariant features ; emergency response ; RBR ; BULC-U ; Africa ; Brazilian pasturelands dynamics ; Enhanced Vegetation Index ; geo-big data ; multitemporal analysis ; flood ; early warning systems ; low cost in situ ; web portal ; composite burn index (CBI) ; small-scale mining ; snow hydrology ; RdNBR ; seasonal vegetation ; burn severity ; random forests ; land-use cover change ; random forest ; Support Vector Machines ; lower mekong basin ; CWC ; Random Forest ; crop yield ; Landsat-8 ; sun glint correction ; protected area ; cropland areas ; disaster prevention ; gross primary productivity (GPP) ; segmentation ; high spatial resolution ; satellite-derived bathymetry ; Aegean ; Brazilian Amazon ; image composition ; pasture mapping ; carbon cycle ; machine learning ; earth observation ; ecosystem assessment ; Mato Grosso ; FVC ; image time series ; LAI ; semi-arid ; google engine ; spatial error ; Ionian ; forest and land use mapping ; snow cover ; long term monitoring ; RHSeg ; online application ; land cover ; PROSAIL ; support vector machines ; seagrass ; wetland ; Sentinel-1 ; Sentinel-2 ; surface reflectance ; user assessment ; remote sensing ; multi-classifier ; time series ; machine learning classification ; deforestation ; Google Earth Engine ; decision making ; cropland mapping ; change detection ; google earth engine ; industrial mining ; data fusion ; cloud masking ; Google Earth Engine (GEE) ; NDVI ; Bayesian statistics ; China ; cloud computing ; plant traits ; Soil Moisture Ocean Salinity ; soil moisture ; big data analytics ; Landsat ; phenology ; 30-m ; MODIS ; habitat mapping ; Mediterranean ; temporal compositing ; drought ; surface urban heat island ; BACI ; crop classification ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TQ Environmental science, engineering and technology
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  • 179
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: In recent years, the interest of the scientific community towards efficient energy systems has significantly increased. One of the reasons is certainly related to the change in the temperature of the planet, which has increased by 0.76 °C with respect to preindustrial levels, according to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), and is still increasing. The European Union considers it vital to prevent global warming from exceeding 2 °C with respect to pre-industrial levels, as it has been proven that this will result in irreversible and potentially catastrophic changes. These changes in climate are mainly caused by greenhouse gas emissions related to human activities, and can be drastically reduced by employing energy systems for the heating and cooling of buildings, as well as for power production, characterized by high efficiency levels and/or based on renewable energy sources. This Special Issue, published in the Energies journal, includes 13 contributions from across the world, including a wide range of applications such as hybrid residential renewable energy systems, desiccant-based air handling units, heat exchanges for engine WHR, solar chimney systems, and other interesting topics.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; visualization ; numerical and experimental studies ; geothermal energy ; modeling ; dynamic simulation ; spirally corrugated pipe ; ancillary services ; electric energy ; renewables ; batch transportation ; energy and environmental analysis ; energy storage ; microgrids ; optimization ; startup ; solar chimney ; bubble absorber ; tapping ; genetic programming ; plate heat exchanger ; computational fluid dynamics ; absorption cooling ; thermosyphon ; two-phase ejector ; desiccant wheel ; genetic algorithms ; radial ventilation duct ; fluid field ; steelmaking ; ground source heat pump ; fast thermal simulation ; Biot number ; turbo-electric generator ; solar heating and cooling ; exhaust steam ; method of calculation ; model predictive control ; R744 ; dynamic simulations ; linear regression ; crude oil pipeline ; thermal storage ; hygroscopic materials ; melting ; refining ; two-phase flow ; phase change ; heat pump ; hybrid systems ; predictive models ; bentonite buffer material ; backflow ; ground-air heat exchanger ; waste heat recovery ; Ca-type bentonite ; consumption ; protracted fin ; single-channel ventilation ; operating state ; refrigeration ; electric arc furnace ; ammonia-lithium nitrate ; drying ; exhaust emissions ; object-oriented modelling ; body-fitted coordinate-based proper orthogonal decomposition reduced-order model (BFC-POD-ROM) ; transport scheme determination ; analytical and experimental solutions ; thermal conductivity ; low-order model ; heat exchanger ; air-cooled steam turbine generator ; air flow ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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  • 180
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: This book is a collection of scientific papers concerning multilevel inverters examined from different points of view. Many applications are considered, such as renewable energy interface, power conditioning systems, electric drives, and chargers for electric vehicles. Different topologies have been examined in both new configurations and well-established structures, introducing novel and particular modulation strategies, and examining the effect of modulation techniques on voltage and current harmonics and the total harmonic distortion.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; TK1-9971 ; T1-995 ; total harmonic distortion (THD) ; imperialist competitive algorithm ; fault detection ; automatic current balance ; small signal modeling ; phase-shifted PWM ; voltage balance control ; parasitic switching states ; multi-terminal DC network (MTDC) ; DC-link capacitor voltage balancing ; high efficiency drive ; modular multilevel converters ; DC-link voltage balancing ; power factor correction ; selected harmonic elimination ; Continuous Wavelet Transform ; power flow analysis ; T-type inverter ; electrical drives ; modular multilevel converter (MMC) ; computational cost ; fault location ; voltage imbalance ; DC-link capacitor design ; multilevel active-clamped converter ; dc-link capacitor voltage balance ; voltage ripple ; commutation ; model predictive control (MPC) ; voltage fluctuation ; multi-motor drive ; Balance of capacitor voltage ; on-board battery charger ; single-phase three-level NPC converter ; Suppression of CMV ; redundant switching combination ; ACTPSS ; model predictive control ; three-loop ; finite control set model predictive control ; current estimation ; five-level ; fault-tolerant control ; offset voltage injection ; harmonic component ; current unmeasurable areas ; LC filter ; computational burden ; interleaved buck ; three-level converter ; IGBT short-circuit ; SVPWM ; harmonic ; DC side fault blocking ; three-phase to single-phase cascaded converter ; single shunt resistor ; buck-chopper ; power factor ; modulation techniques ; modular multilevel converters (MMC) ; permanent magnet synchronous generator ; sorting networks ; alternating current (AC) motor drive ; space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM) ; open end winding motor ; minimum voltage injection (MVI) method ; transmission line ; shift method ; genetic algorithm ; electric vehicle ; active filter ; NPC/H Bridge ; battery energy storage system (BESS) ; digital controller ; neutral-point-clamped (NPC) inverter ; motor drive ; hybrid modulated model predictive control ; level-shifted PWM ; optimal output voltage level ; Phase Disposition PWM ; open-end winding configuration ; modular multilevel converter ; multilevel power converters ; simplified PWM strategy ; MMC-MTDC ; tolerance for battery power unbalance ; three-level neutral point clamped inverter (NPCI) ; real time simulator ; harmonic mitigation ; reverse prediction ; multilevel inverters ; field-programmable gate array ; current reconstruction method ; digital signal processors (DSP) ; three-level boost ; multilevel converter ; improved PQ algorithm ; low-harmonic DC ice-melting device ; PV-simulator ; total harmonic distortion ; voltage balancing ; Sub-module (SM) fault ; DC–DC conversion ; smart grid ; Cascaded H-bridge multilevel inverter (CHBMI) ; dynamic reactive ; field-oriented control ; capacitor voltage balancing ; energy saving ; high reliability applications ; three-phase inverter ; substation’s voltage stability ; three-level boost DC-DC converter ; power quality ; T-type converter ; voltage source inverter ; state-of-charge (SOC) balancing control ; multi-point DC control ; predictive control ; Differential Comparison Low-Voltage Detection Method (DCLVDM) ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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  • 181
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: This book offers a collection of six papers addressing problems associated with the computational modeling of multi-field problems. Some of the proposed contributions present novel computational techniques, while other topics focus on applying state-of-the-art techniques in order to solve coupled problems in various areas including the prediction of material failure during the lithiation process, which is of major importance in batteries; efficient models for flexoelectricity, which require higher-order continuity; the prediction of composite pipes under thermomechanical conditions; material failure in rock; and computational materials design. The latter exploits nano-scale modeling in order to predict various material properties for two-dimensional materials with applications in, for example, semiconductors. In summary, this book provides a good overview of the computational modeling of different multi-field problems.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; temperature variation ; h-BN and Graphene sheets ; molecular dynamics simulation ; thermal conductance ; mechanical ; patch repair ; first-principles ; finite element method ; Von Mises stress ; composite ; thermal ; electrofusion socket joints ; two-dimensional semiconductor ; buried gas distribution pipes ; level set technique ; lithium-ion battery ; phase field approach to fracture ; meshless method ; rock mechanics ; fracture of geo-materials ; flexoelectricity ; pressure gradient effect ; medium density polyethylene (MDPE) ; high density polyethylene (HDPE) ; size effect ; fracture analysis ; interface modeling ; cohesive zone model ; thermal conductivity ; peridynamics ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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  • 182
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Artificial materials have been widely studied and used in photonics and microwaves in the last few decades. Recent research has proven that the introduction of specific higher symmetries in each cell of a periodic medium is an effective approach to obtain unprecedented exotic behaviors and to overcome the current limitations of these devices. For example, simple symmetries of a purely spatial type (glide or twist transformations) can have a huge impact on the properties of the resulting materials, thus defining wideband behaviors for flat lenses or large stop bands for novel EBG materials. This Special Issue opens with a novel discussion on the effect of time-reversal symmetries in antenna theory and presents new structures exploiting symmetries for antenna and microwave components, such as flat lenses, helix antennas, and gap-waveguides. Finally, new modeling methods are discussed for the study of wave propagation along glide surfaces and twist lines.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; stop-band ; higher symmetries ; lens antenna ; helix antennas ; stopband ; higher symmetry ; Time-reversal symmetry ; dispersion diagram ; periodic structures ; transmission matrix ; twist symmetry ; glide symmetry ; complementary split ring resonator (CSRR) ; complementary split-ring resonator ; Lorentz reciprocity ; gap waveguide technology ; microwave printed circuits ; single plane ; mode matching ; refractive index ; dispersion ; bed of nails ; Antennas ; dispersion analysis ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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  • 183
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Carbon materials are one of the most fascinating materials because of their unique properties and potential use in several applications. They can be obtained from residues or by using advanced synthesis technologies like chemical vapor deposition. The carbon family is very broad, ranging from classical activated carbons to more advanced species such as carbon nanotubes and graphene. The surface chemistry is one of the most interesting aspects of this broad family of materials, which allows the incorporation of different types of chemical functionalities or heteroatoms on the carbon surface, such as O, N, B, S, or P, which can modify the acid–base character, hydrophobicity/hydrophilicity, or the electronic properties of these materials and, thus, determine the final application. This book represents a collection of original research articles and communications focused on the synthesis, properties, and applications of heteroatom-doped functional carbon materials.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; targeted adsorption ; graphene oxide ; bonding type ; oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) ; doping ; catalysis ; porous carbon ; Cd(II) ; nitrogen-doped graphene oxide ; sp3-defect ; heteroatoms ; amino group ; nitrogen-doped ; energy storage ; cross-link bond type ; energy power density ; polyaniline ; environmental remediation ; molten salt ; adsorption ; polyphosphates ; microcrystalline cellulose ; carbo microsphere ; Orange G ; carbon materials ; chemical functionalization ; physicochemical properties ; supercapacitor capacitance ; nanoparticles and shallow reservoirs ; pulse laser deposition ; co-activation method ; carbon capture and storage process (CCS) ; biochar ; CO2 ; adsorption studies ; graphene ; polypyrrole ; oxygen peroxide oxidation ; carbon nanotubes ; salt and base ; nanofluids ; carbon gels ; bio-phenol resin ; synergism ; magnetic moment ; photocatalysis ; oxygen reduction reaction ; carbon dioxide ; surface chemistry ; functionalized graphene oxide ; nitrogen-doped carbon materials ; N–doped carbon ; p-phenylene diamine ; electrochemical analysis ; mesoporosity ; carbon dioxide adsorption ; electrode material ; nitrogen-doped graphene ; nitrogen and oxygen doped activated carbon ; electrocatalysis ; supercapacitor ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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  • 184
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Photovoltaics, among the different renewable energy sources (RES), has become more popular. In recent years, however, many research topics have arisen as a result of the problems that are constantly faced in smart-grid and microgrid operations, such as forecasting of the output of power plant production, storage sizing, modeling, and control optimization of photovoltaic systems. Computational intelligence algorithms (evolutionary optimization, neural networks, fuzzy logic, etc.) have become more and more popular as alternative approaches to conventional techniques for solving problems such as modeling, identification, optimization, availability prediction, forecasting, sizing, and control of stand-alone, grid-connected, and hybrid photovoltaic systems. This Special Issue will investigate the most recent developments and research on solar power systems. This Special Issue “Computational Intelligence in Photovoltaic Systems” is highly recommended for readers with an interest in the various aspects of solar power systems, and includes 10 original research papers covering relevant progress in the following (non-exhaustive) fields: Forecasting techniques (deterministic, stochastic, etc.); DC/AC converter control and maximum power point tracking techniques; Sizing and optimization of photovoltaic system components; Photovoltaics modeling and parameter estimation; Maintenance and reliability modeling; Decision processes for grid operators.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; artificial neural network ; online diagnosis ; genetic algorithm ; renewable energy ; unit commitment ; photovoltaic panel ; power forecasting ; metaheuristic ; monitoring system ; embedded systems ; firefly algorithm ; tracking system ; MPPT algorithm ; integrated storage ; day-ahead forecast ; solar radiation ; prototype model ; artificial neural networks ; parameter extraction ; thermal image ; thermal model ; solar cell ; PV cell temperature ; evolutionary algorithms ; uncertainty ; battery ; harmony search meta-heuristic algorithm ; single-diode photovoltaic model ; symbiotic organisms search ; photovoltaics ; tilt angle ; smart photovoltaic system blind ; orientation ; photovoltaic ; particle swarm optimization ; analytical methods ; computational intelligence ; statistical errors ; ensemble methods ; solar photovoltaic ; electrical parameters ; demand response ; metaheuristic algorithm ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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  • 185
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: In recent decades, the study of groundwater flow and solute transport has advanced into new territories that are beyond conventional theories, such as Darcy’s law and Fick’s law. The studied media have changed from permeable porous and fractured ones to much less permeable ones, such as clay and shale. The studied pore sizes have also changed from millimetres to micro-meters or even nano-meters. The objective of this Special Issue is to report recent advances in groundwater flow and solute transport that push the knowledge boundary into new territories which include, but are not limited to, flow and transport in sloping aquifer/hillslopes, coupled unsaturated and saturated flow, coupled aquifer-vertical/horizontal/slant well flow, interaction of aquifer with connected and disconnected rivers, non-Darcian flow, anomalous transport beyond the Fickian scheme, and flow and transport in extremely small pore spaces such as shale and tight sandstones. Contributions focusing on innovative experimental, numerical, and analytical methods for understanding unconventional problems, such as the above-listed ones, are encouraged, and contributions addressing flow and transport at interfaces of different media and crossing multiple temporal and spatial scales are of great value
    Keywords: TD1-1066 ; T1-995 ; Levy stable distribution ; n/a ; permeameter test ; rough single fracture ; seawater intrusion ; the Beishan area ; groundwater flow model ; slenderness effect ; SW–GW interaction ; semi-analytical solution ; assessment ; hydraulic conductivity ; irrigation ; first-order analytical approach ; Ulan Buh Desert ; IUM ; solute longitudinal dispersion ; soil formation ; DSR ; bimsoils ; nuclear waste disposal ; IUV ; infiltration ; TOUGH2 ; sustainable development ; groundwater ERT ; non-Darcian ; non-Fickian ; GFModel ; erosion ; permeability coefficient ; hydrologic exchange ; evaporation calculation ; evolving-scale log-conductivity ; radioactive contaminant ; field measurements ; fractured aquifers ; desert farmland ; analytical solution ; silty clay ; uncertainty ; steady-state vertical flux ; flow modeling ; non-Darcy flow ; percolation ; Monte Carlo ; solute transport ; groundwater flow ; salinity map ; numerical simulation ; stochastic Lagrangian framework ; unsaturated flow ; fractional derivative ; water resource utilization efficiency ; heterogeneity ; perturbation method ; Columbia River ; water flow ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TQ Environmental science, engineering and technology
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  • 186
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: This book addresses a key innovative technology for decarbonization of the energy system: hydrothermal processing. It basically consists of treating biomass and wastes in a wet form, under pressure and temperature condition. This approach is becoming more and more attractive, as new feedstock and applications are appearing on the scene of bioeconomy and bioenergy. The hydrothermal processing of various type of biomass, waste, and residues, thus, raised the interest of many researchers and companies around the world, together with downstream upgrading processes and technologies: solid products as biochar, for instance, or liquid ones as crude bioliquids, are finding new market opportunities in circular economy schemes. The Special Issue collects recent innovative research works in the field, from basic to applied research, as well as pilot industrial applications/demo. It is a valuable set of references for those investing time and effort in research in the field.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; biorefinery ; life cycle assessment (LCA) ; drop-in biofuels ; lipids ; sensitivity analysis ; brewer’s spent grains (BSG) ; lignin ; nutrient recovery ; fuel properties ; Scenedesmus rubescens ; hydroprocessing ; combustion indices ; hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) ; fiber rejects ; upgrading ; aqueous co-product ; hydrotreating ; biofuel ; hydrothermal disintegration ; cell wall disruption ; two-steps carbonization ; hydrothermal processes ; fuzzy Delphi method ; process economics ; agricultural yield ; hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) ; acid addition ; microalgae extraction ; coal ; hydrochar ; fuzzy logic cognitive map ; Germany ; microalgal oils ; deinked sludge ; nitrogen distribution ; hydrodenitrogenation (HDN) ; sewage sludge ; fresh harvested ; hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) ; biomass ; struvite ; primary sludge ; EROI ; biocrude ; hydrothermal liquefaction ; electricity and heat production ; fractional distillation ; Spirulina ; cost of electricity ; secondary sludge ; depolymerization ; freeze-dried ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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  • 187
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: During the last decade, novel graphene related materials (GRMs), perovskites, as well as metal oxides and other metal nanostructures have received the interest of the scientific community. Due to their extraordinary physical, optical, thermal, and electrical properties, which are correlated with their 2D ultrathin atomic layer structure, large interlayer distance, ease of functionalization, and bandgap tunability, these nanomaterials have been applied in the development or the improvement of innovative optoelectronic applications, as well as the expansion of theoretical studies and simulations in the fast-growing fields of energy (photovoltaics, energy storage, fuel cells, hydrogen storage, catalysis, etc.), electronics, photonics, spintronics, and sensing devices. The continuous nanostructure-based applications development has provided the ability to significantly improve existing products and to explore the design of materials and devices with novel functionalities. This book demonstrates some of the most recent trends and advances in the interdisciplinary field of optoelectronics. Most articles focus on light emitting diodes (LEDs) and solar cells (SCs), including organic, inorganic, and hybrid configurations, whereas the rest address photodetectors, transistors, and other well-known dynamic optoelectronic devices. In this context, this exceptional collection of articles is directed at a broad scientific audience of chemists, materials scientists, physicists, and engineers, with the goals of highlighting the potential of innovative optoelectronic applications incorporating nanostructures and inspiring their realization.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; graphene oxide ; textured silicon solar cells ; n/a ; high-efficiency ; CdTe microdots ; piezo-phototronic effect ; electromagnetically induced transparency effect ; waveguide photons ; light output power ; hole injection ; ternary organic solar cells ; UV LEDs ; cathodoluminescence ; V-pits ; quantum confinement effect ; nano-grating ; metamaterials ; Ga2O3 ; tunneling ; transmittance ; graphene ink ; perovskite solar cells ; counter electrode ; nucleation layer ; Ag film ; AlGaN-based ultraviolet light-emitting diode ; color-conversion efficiency ; PeLEDs ; photoelectric performance ; photocurrent ; charge transfer ; double-layer ITO ; green LED ; liquid crystals ; photovoltaics ; electrowetting ; oxidation ; Fowler–Nordheim ; field emission ; excitation wavelength ; functionalization ; quantum dots ; gold split-ring ; cascade effect ; erbium ; transparent conductive electrode ; compact ; plasmon resonance ; air-processed ; FDTD ; prism-structured sidewall ; sheet resistance ; GaN ; Ti porous film ; stability ; flip-chip mini-LED ; flexible substrate ; actively tunable nanodevices ; green LEDs ; metasurfaces ; antireflective coating (ARC) ; NiCo2S4 nanotubes ; InN/p-GaN heterojunction ; InGaN/GaN superlattice ; OAB ; graded indium composition ; plasmonics ; polymer composites ; photomultiplication ; cold cathode ; solvent ; solar cells ; controllable synthesis ; tunable absorbers ; interface ; graphene ; silicon transistor ; colorimetry ; light extraction ; reduced graphene oxide ; pinhole pattern ; indium nanoparticles (In NPs) ; graphene split-ring ; organic solar cell ; light-emitting diode ; organic ; plasmonic forward scattering ; smooth ; subwavelength metal grating ; perovskite ; photoluminescence ; mid infrared ; polarization analyzer ; transparent electrode ; external quantum efficiency ; LED ; light-emitting diodes ; photodetector ; p-type InGaN ; quantum efficiency ; 2D perovskite ; quantum dot ; orthogonal polarization ; current spreading ; localized surface plasmon ; Schottky barrier ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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  • 188
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; hardening ; microstructure ; stainless steel ; WC-12Co coatings ; gear oil ; high velocity oxygen fuel spraying (HVOF) ; material deformation ; thermochemical treatment ; wetting behavior ; cracking behavior ; properties of surface layers ; wear resistance ; nitriding ; thermal spraying ; surface engineering ; Cu–Sn ; wear behavior ; K417G Ni-based superalloy ; tribology ; AISI 316L ; joint replacements ; reactive high-power impulse magnetron sputtering ; micropitting ; scuffing ; laser forming repairing ; Ti6Al4V ; wire arc spray ; cavitation erosion ; surface modification ; HVOF ; wear ; surface morphology ; S-phase ; wood sanding ; friction behavior ; competitive mechanism ; tribological properties ; steel gears ; coating ; DLC coating ; PTFE ; laser texturing ; surface characterization ; elastic spring back ; laser remelting ; XANES spectroscopy ; coatings ; abrasive wear ; silicon nitride ; pitting ; TiO2 sol ; ploughing ; lubricous oxides ; electrodeposition ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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  • 189
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: The ever-increasing need for higher efficiency, smaller size, and lower cost make the analysis, understanding, and design of energy conversion systems extremely important, interesting, and even imperative. One of the most neglected features in the study of such systems is the effect of the inherent nonlinearities on the stability of the system. Due to these nonlinearities, these devices may exhibit undesirable and complex dynamics, which are the focus of many researchers. Even though a lot of research has taken place in this area during the last 20 years, it is still an active research topic for mainstream power engineers. This research has demonstrated that these systems can become unstable with a direct result in increased losses, extra subharmonics, and even uncontrollability/unobservability. The detailed study of these systems can help in the design of smaller, lighter, and less expensive converters that are particularly important in emerging areas of research like electric vehicles, smart grids, renewable energy sources, and others. The aim of this Special Issue is to cover control and nonlinear aspects of instabilities in different energy conversion systems: theoretical, analysis modelling, and practical solutions for such emerging applications. In this Special Issue, we present novel research works in different areas of the control and nonlinear dynamics of energy conversion systems.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; multi-clearance ; neural network ; zero average dynamics ; Cable3D ; variable bus voltage MG ; explosion-magnetic generator ; quadratic boost ; matrix norm ; coordinated control system ; permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) ; photovoltaic (PV) ; power conversion ; capacitance current pulse train control ; air gap eccentricity ; high step-up voltage gain ; voltage ripple ; offset-free ; goal representation heuristic dynamic programming (GrHDP) ; current mode control ; sliding mode observer (SMO) ; multi-model predictive control ; combined heat and power unit ; discontinuous conduction mode (DCM) ; current-pulse formation ; sliding mode control ; single artificial neuron goal representation heuristic dynamic programming (SAN-GrHDP) ; subharmonic oscillations ; DC micro grid ; supply air temperature ; air-handling unit (AHU) ; vibration characteristics ; magnetic saturation ; slope compensation ; fixed-point inducting control ; the load of suspension point in the z direction ; variable switching frequency DC-DC converters ; droop control ; Helmholtz number ; plasma accelerator ; contraction analysis ; sliding control ; bifurcations in control parameter ; disturbance observer ; DC motor ; multiphysics ; virtual impedance ; pulverizing system ; ultrahigh voltage conversion ratio ; corrugated pipe ; DC-DC converters ; maximum power point tracking (MPPT) ; dynamic model ; nonlinear dynamics ; new step-up converter ; micro-grid ; global stability ; extended back electromotive force (EEMF) ; small-signal model ; electromagnetic vibration ; nonlinear dynamic model ; excited modes ; data-driven ; rigid body rotation ; position sensorless ; prediction ; centralized vs. decentralized control ; inferential control ; boost-flyback converter ; calculation method ; switched reluctance generator ; monodromy matrix ; bridgeless converter ; decoupling control ; distributed architecture ; wave ; buck converter ; soft sensor ; model–plant mismatches ; whistling noise ; efficiency optimization ; steel catenary riser ; moving horizon estimation ; single artificial neuron (SAN) ; space mechanism ; two-stage bypass ; electrical machine ; harmonic suppression ; local vs. global optimization ; performance recovery ; reinforcement learning (RL) ; adaptive dynamic programming (ADP) ; overvoltage ; planetary gears ; maximum power point tracking ; DC-DC buck converter ; power quality ; average-current mode control ; feedback coefficient ; power factor correction (PFC) ; capacitance current ; predictive control ; rotor dynamics ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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  • 190
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Interest in permanent magnet synchronous machines (PMSMs) is continuously increasing worldwide, especially with the increased use of renewable energy and the electrification of transports. This book contains the successful submissions of fifteen papers to a Special Issue of Energies on the subject area of “Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machines”. The focus is on permanent magnet synchronous machines and the electrical systems they are connected to. The presented work represents a wide range of areas. Studies of control systems, both for permanent magnet synchronous machines and for brushless DC motors, are presented and experimentally verified. Design studies of generators for wind power, wave power and hydro power are presented. Finite element method simulations and analytical design methods are used. The presented studies represent several of the different research fields on permanent magnet machines and electric drives.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; MPC ; predictive current control (PCC) ; fault diagnosis ; modeling ; back electromotive force ; finite-element analysis ; sensorless control ; brushless dc motor ; flying start ; periodic timer interrupt ; digital simulation ; torque control ; saturation ; renewable energy ; finite element method ; sensorless motor ; electric propulsion systems ; electric vehicle ; energy efficiency ; sub-fractional slot-concentrated winding ; stability ; design tools ; brushless machine ; permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) ; electrical signature analysis ; Vernier machine ; multiphase machine ; interior permanent magnet synchronous machines ; automotive applications ; pulse width modulation ; current ripples ; PMSM ; wave power ; outer rotor ; electric vehicle (EV) ; power control ; condition monitoring ; energy conversion ; sliding mode observer (SMO) ; field weakening ; small wind turbines ; interior permanent-magnet machines ; permanent-magnet machine ; free-wheeling period ; brushless DC (BLDC) motor ; speed tracking ; current spikes ; flux switching machine ; Brushless DC motors ; magnetic reluctance network ; winding inductance ; parameter perturbation ; DB-DTFC (deadbeat-direct torque and flux control) ; R-C filter ; phase-advanced method ; motor drives ; PMSM (permanent magnet synchronous motor) ; coils ; predictive maintenance ; cogging torque ; finite element analysis ; permanent magnet material ; vector control ; linear generator ; commutation error compensation ; electrical machine design ; permanent magnet synchronous generator ; wind generator ; mathematical model ; permanent magnet synchronous motor ; hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) ; stator ; bulk electric system ; permanent magnet synchronous machine (PMSM) ; synchronous generator ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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  • 191
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Electrochemical energy storage is a key element of systems in a wide range of sectors, such as electro-mobility, portable devices, and renewable energy. The energy storage systems (ESSs) considered here are batteries, supercapacitors, and hybrid components such as lithium-ion capacitors. The durability of ESSs determines the total cost of ownership, the global impacts (lifecycle) on a large portion of these applications and, thus, their viability. Understanding ESS aging is a key to optimizing their design and usability in terms of their intended applications. Knowledge of ESS aging is also essential to improve their dependability (reliability, availability, maintainability, and safety). This Special Issue includes 12 research papers and 1 review article focusing on battery, supercapacitor, and hybrid capacitor aging.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; n/a ; abuse test ; thermal runaway ; lifetime ; Li-Ion battery ; lithium-ion capacitor ; langmuir isotherm ; battery management system (BMS) ; cycling ageing ; degradation ; remaining capacity ; selection algorithm ; electric vehicle ; safety ; LFP ; state-of-charge determination ; cathode-electrolyte interphase ; state-of-health (SOH) ; incremental capacity analysis (ICA) ; lamination ; capacitance ; lead-acid batteries ; self-discharge ; fast-charging capability ; second life battery ; ampere-hour throughput ; incremental capacity analysis ; state of health (SoH) ; impedance spectroscopy ; partial coulometric counter ; Ni-rich cathode ; calendar ageing ; driving cycles ; pseudo-charge ; state-of-health ; accelerated ageing ; lithium iron phosphate ; calendar aging ; electrochemical impedance spectroscopy ; electric vehicles ; lifetime prediction ; Petri nets ; battery ; electro mobility ; floating aging ; aging mechanisms ; LiFePO4 ; autonomous devices ; temperature ; electrical characterization ; cell degradation ; lithium-ion battery ; ageing ; battery management system ; NMC ; batteries ; lithium-ion ; state-of-charge monitoring ; operative dependability ; aging model ; battery life testing ; aging ; embedded algorithm ; post-mortem analysis ; supercapacitor ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
    Language: English
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  • 192
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: With daily signals, Nature is communicating us that its unconscious wicked exploitation is no more sustainable. Our socio-economic system focuses on production increasing without considering the consequences. We are intoxicating ourselves on a daily bases just to allow the system to perpetuate itself. The time to switch into more natural solutions is come and the scientific community is ready to offer more natural product with comparable performance then the market products we are used to deal with. This book collects a broad set of scientific examples in which research groups from all over the world, aim to replace fossil fuel-based solutions with biomass derived materials. In here, some of the most innovative developments in the field of bio-materials are reported considering topics which goes from biomass valorization to the synthesis of high preforming bio-based materials.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; chitosan ; graphene oxide ; microstructure ; autoxidation ; heavy metals ; polycaprolactone ; precipitation ; thermosetting polymers ; thermal degradation ; humidity sensor ; asphalt rubber ; tung oil ; nanobiocomposites ; ionic liquid ; GC-MS ; hybrid nonisocyanate polyurethane ; physicochemical properties ; alginate sponge ; Bioflex ; dimer acid ; bio-asphalt ; benzoyl cellulose ; Peptone ; transparent wood ; biocomposite ; nanoclays ; storage stability ; solvent- and catalyst-free ; microcellulose fiber ; lignin-containing cellulose nanofibrils ; polylactic acid (PLA) ; bio-inspired interfaces ; polyhydroxyalkanoates ; strain sensor ; enzymatic saccharification ; headspace solid phase microextraction ; PHBV ; electrical resistance ; melt condensation ; cement ; solution casting ; orange waste ; hybrid composites ; biopolymers ; TEMPO oxidation ; pollutant adsorbents ; Escherichia coli ; bio-nanocomposites ; TiO2 anatase ; metal binding ; liquid natural rubber ; hydrotropic treatment ; metal chloride ; feast-famine ; biomass resources ; wood ; electroless deposition ; one-pot synthesis ; thermoplastic starch ; films ; lignin-carbohydrate complex ; cellulose ; corn starch ; microencapsulated phase change material (MPCM) ; differential scanning calorimetry ; compatibility ; natural fibers ; workability ; silkworm cocoons ; lignin content ; polylactic acid ; porous structure ; electrospinning ; nanocellulose fibers ; H2O2 bleaching treatment ; polysaccharides ; mixing sequence ; porosity ; lignocellulosic nanofibrils ; dense structure ; alkali lignin ; polydopamine coating ; nuclear magnetic resonance ; cationic dyes ; poly(lactic acid) and composite films ; endothermic effect ; HSQC-NMR ; Microbial nutrient ; n/a ; toughening ; X-ray diffraction ; water resistance ; waste biomass ; lignin ; UV light ; ultrafiltration ; two-step lyophilization ; mechanical degradation ; bio-based ; methylene blue ; stearoyl cellulose ; ONP fibers ; anionic surfactants ; Hatscheck process ; osteoblast proliferation ; resource recovery ; dissolution ; copper coating ; bacterial cellulose ; hydrogel ; iron chelation ; knotwood ; sensitivity ; mixed microbial cultures ; dimensional stability ; volatiles ; lignocellulose ; Artemisia vulgaris ; surface modification ; PHA ; crosslinked microparticles ; pyrene ; composites ; galactoglucomannan ; polymeric composites ; kaempferol ; tannin-furanic foam ; Solanyl ; wastewater treatments ; adsorption capacity ; heat treatment ; thermal gravimetric analysis ; WAXS ; unsaturated polyester resins ; pulp fibers ; free-radical polymerization ; larixol ; delignification ; antifouling ; chemical composition ; hemicellulose ; tissue engineering ; extrusion-compounding ; membrane ; photodegradation ; structural plastics ; scanning electron microscope ; phenanthrene ; thermal properties ; immobilized TEMPO ; Staphylococcus aureus ; adsorption ; wood modification ; structure–property relationship ; physical property ; film ; mechanical properties ; tannin ; Bio-based foams ; latex state ; paper-based scaffolds ; skincare ; pyrolysis mechanism ; emulsion-solvent evaporation method ; bioplastics ; imidazolium ; fractionation ; cost ; fiber-cement ; lyocell fiber ; recycling ; kenaf fiber ; thermal stability ; transport properties ; SAXS ; silanization ; cellulose nanofibers ; taxifolin ; tannin polymer ; vibrational spectroscopy ; robust fiber network ; nanocelluloses ; poly(lactic acid) ; Anti-bacterial silver nanoparticle ; cellulose nanocrystals ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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  • 193
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: This special issue provides a collection of 15 papers with modern theories and applications for circular economy, engineering projects, entrepreneurship models, and investor decisions. After the commencing review on Occupational Health and Safety Management-Systems Standards, follow papers which can be classified into four categories which cover the overall scope of special issue. The first category includes papers regarding the micro-level of circular economy. This means case studies in firm-level which implement different techniques to achieve sustainable development and circular economy goals. The findings reveal interesting achievements which are associated with cultural characteristics of the countries these case studies have been conducted. The second category of papers refers to the meso-level of circular economy where firms cooperate with each other by exchanging byproducts and organizing common operational procedures and routines to address environmental problems. The findings suggest assessment information technology tools to support industrial symbiosis among European firms. The next body of literature encompasses macro-level where circular economy techniques are implemented at a country level. Findings suggest methodologies for implementing and tracking circular economy in cities. Finally, a number of papers are included that focus on advanced engineering techniques. These techniques are useful tools for achieving circular economy and sustainability.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; TA170-171 ; optimal project profitability ; social capital ; risk assessment ; Life cycle assessment (LCA) ; corporate philanthropy ; Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition ; steel production ; adaptation ; Value-at-Risk ; construction delay ; sustainable economy ; Project Definition Rating Index ; circular city ; piping construction ; transport planning ; rule-based systems ; resource competition ; traffic congestion ; smart governance ; Management Standards ; value of travel time savings ; climate change ; Fuzzy TOPSIS ; manufacturing firms ; construction safety ; action theory ; sustainable city ; SME ; stochastic simulation ; Theory of Inventive Problem Solving ; indicators ; sustainability ; urbanization ; prefabrication housing production ; pollution impact ; sustainable development ; cost prediction of substation project ; buffer management ; circular economy ; drivers ; Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) ; smart city ; CCPM ; research and innovation projects ; probabilistic alternative approach ; Industrial symbiosis ; cost benefit analysis ; investments ; solar thermal collectors ; Support Vector Machines ; social network ; emergy analysis ; IT tools ; China ; sources of funding ; Cuckoo Search ; strategic management ; photovoltaics ; material procurement management ; PRAT method ; PERT/CPM ; fuzzy logic ; renewable energy systems ; carbon footprint ; transport project evaluation ; framework ; planning and control ; political connections ; critical success factors ; information transfer ; social network centrality ; resource consumption ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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  • 194
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Agriculture requires technical solutions for increasing production while lessening environmental impact by reducing the application of agro-chemicals and increasing the use of environmentally friendly management practices. A benefit of this is the reduction of production costs. Sensor technologies produce tools to achieve the abovementioned goals. The explosive technological advances and developments in recent years have enormously facilitated the attainment of these objectives, removing many barriers for their implementation, including the reservations expressed by farmers. Precision agriculture and ‘smart farming’ are emerging areas where sensor-based technologies play an important role. Farmers, researchers, and technical manufacturers are joining their efforts to find efficient solutions, improvements in production, and reductions in costs. This book brings together recent research and developments concerning novel sensors and their applications in agriculture. Sensors in agriculture are based on the requirements of farmers, according to the farming operations that need to be addressed.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; optical sensor ; spectral analysis ; response surface sampling ; sensor evaluation ; electromagnetic induction ; multivariate water quality parameters ; mandarin orange ; crop inspection platform ; SPA-MLR ; object tracking ; feature selection ; simultaneous measurement ; diseases ; genetic algorithms ; processing of sensed data ; electrochemical sensors ; thermal image ; ECa-directed soil sampling ; handheld ; recognition patterns ; salt concentration ; clover-grass ; bovine embedded hardware ; weed control ; soil ; field crops ; vineyard ; connected dominating set ; water depth sensors ; SS-OCT ; wheat ; striped stem-borer ; silage ; geostatistics ; detection ; NIR hyperspectral imaging ; electronic nose ; machine learning ; virtual organizations of agents ; packing density ; data validation and calibration ; dataset ; Wi-SUN ; temperature sensors ; geoinformatics ; gas sensor ; X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy ; vegetable oil ; photograph-grid method ; Vitis vinifera ; WSN distribution algorithms ; laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy ; irrigation ; quality assessment ; energy efficiency ; wireless sensor network (WSN) ; geo-information ; Fusarium ; texture features ; weeds ; discrimination ; big data ; soil moisture sensors ; meat spoilage ; land cover ; stereo imaging ; near infrared sensors ; biological sensing ; compound sensor ; pest management ; moisture ; plant localization ; heavy metal contamination ; artificial neural networks ; spectral pre-processing ; moisture content ; apparent soil electrical conductivity ; data fusion ; semi-arid regions ; smart irrigation ; back propagation model ; wireless sensor network ; energy balance ; light-beam ; fluorescent measurement ; agriculture ; precision agriculture ; deep learning ; spectroscopy ; hulled barely ; dielectric probe ; RPAS ; water supply network ; rice leaves ; mobile app ; gradient boosted machines ; hyperspectral camera ; one-class ; nitrogen ; LiDAR ; total carbon ; chemometrics analysis ; rice ; agricultural land ; on-line vis-NIR measurement ; CARS ; obstacle detection ; stratification ; neural networks ; regression estimator ; Kinect ; proximity sensing ; distributed systems ; pest ; noninvasive detection ; texture feature ; soil mapping ; classification ; soil salinity ; visible and near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy ; germination ; computer vision ; hyperspectral imaging ; diffusion ; dielectric dispersion ; UAS ; random forests ; case studies ; total nitrogen ; thermal imaging ; cameras ; dry matter composition ; near-infrared ; salt tolerance ; deep convolutional neural networks ; soil type classification ; water management ; preprocessing methods ; wireless sensor networks (WSN) ; remote sensing image classification ; precision plant protection ; radar ; spatial variability ; GF-1 satellite ; plant disease ; naked barley ; leaf area index ; CIE-Lab ; change of support ; radiative transfer model ; 3D reconstruction ; plant phenotyping ; vine ; near infrared ; vegetation indices ; remote sensing ; greenhouse ; time-series data ; scattering ; sensor ; crop area ; speckle ; spatial data ; grapevine breeding ; wide field view ; partial least squares-discriminant analysis ; spiking ; area frame sampling ; chromium content ; machine-learning ; RGB-D sensor ; pest scouting ; PLS ; Capsicum annuum ; spatial-temporal model ; drying temperature ; boron tolerance ; ambient intelligence ; laser wavelength ; fuzzy logic ; dynamic weight ; landslide ; management zones ; real-time processing ; event detection ; crop monitoring ; apple shelf-life ; rice field monitoring ; wireless sensor ; birth sensor ; proximal sensor ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
    Language: English
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  • 195
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Airworthiness, as a field, encompasses the technical and non-technical activities required to design, certify, produce, maintain, and safely operate an aircraft throughout its lifespan. The evolving technology, science, and engineering methods and, most importantly, aviation regulation, offer new opportunities and create, new challenges for the aviation industry. This book assembles review and research articles across a variety of topics in the field of airworthiness: aircraft maintenance, safety management, human factors, cost analysis, structures, risk assessment, unmanned aerial vehicles and regulations. This selection of papers informs the industry practitioners and researchers on important issues.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; risk assessment ; n/a ; surveillance sensor ; human factors ; fault tree analysis ; airworthiness ; structural health monitoring ; aviation ; aerospace structures ; NASGRO ; additive manufacturing ; payload ; Ti-6Al-4V ; crack growth ; safety ; guided waves ; Cost Per Flying Hour ; military ; communication ; aviation engineering ; prevention ; condition-based maintenance ; “open” category ; sense and avoid ; risk management ; design organization ; parametric model ; operating and support cost ; safety management system ; trust ; repair ; life cycle cost ; trainees ; borescope inspection ; UAS ; professionals ; reliability ; EASA ; 316L stainless steel ; error ; risk behaviours ; composites ; aviation maintenance ; cost-benefit analysis ; risk perception factors ; scheduled maintenance ; and overhaul (MRO) ; reliability centered maintenance ; unmanned aircraft systems ; F-16C/D ; maintenance planning optimization ; AerMet100 steel ; human error ; ADS-B ; Bowtie analysis ; visual inspection ; sensors ; Life Cycle Cost ; unified analytical framework ; F-35A ; aircraft system ; impact detection ; importance measure ; maintenance ; importance measures ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
    Language: English
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  • 196
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Wind turbines are one of the most promising renewable energy technologies, and this motivates fertile research activity about developments in power optimization. This topic covers a wide range of aspects, from the research on aerodynamics and control design to the industrial applications about on-site wind turbine performance control and monitoring. This Special Issue collects seven research papers about several innovative aspects of the multi-faceted topic of wind turbine power optimization technology. The seven research papers deal respectively with the aerodynamic optimization of wind turbine blades through Gurney flaps; optimization of blade design for large offshore wind turbines; control design optimization of large wind turbines through the analysis of the competing objectives of energy yield maximization and fatigue loads minimization; design optimization of a tension leg platform for floating wind turbines; innovative methods for the assessment of wind turbine optimization technologies operating on site; optimization of multiple wake interactions modeling through the introduction of a mixing coefficient in the energy balance method; and optimization of the dynamic stall control of vertical-axis wind turbines through plasma actuators. This Special Issue presents remarkable research activities in the timely subject of wind turbine power optimization technology, covering various aspects. The collection is believed to be beneficial to readers and contribute to the wind power industry.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; ANN ; DBD plasma actuation ; aerodynamics ; vertical-axis wind turbine ; PSO algorithm ; variable-speed wind turbine ; wind turbine ; wind energy ; analytical model ; wind farm efficiency ; omega arithmetic method ; wake interaction model ; tower fatigue ; floating offshore wind turbine ; dynamic stall ; nonlinear economic-model predictive control ; hydrodynamic motion response ; active flow control ; control and optimization ; wind farm ; blade optimization ; tension leg platform ; structures ; flow control ; Gurney flap ; time-domain coupled model ; drive-shaft torsion ; mixing coefficient ; modified Morison equation ; wind turbines ; FAST ; turbulence intensity ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
    Language: English
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  • 197
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Riverbank filtration (RBF) schemes for the production of drinking water are increasingly challenged by new constituents of concern, such as organic micropollutants and pathogens in the source water and hydrological flow variations due to weather extremes. RBF and new technology components are integrated and monitoring and operating regimes are adopted to further optimize water treatment in bank filtration schemes for these new requirements. This Special Issue presents results from the EU project AquaNES “Demonstrating synergies in combined natural and engineered processes for water treatment systems” (www.aquanes.eu). Additionally, papers from other research groups cover the efficiency of bank filtration and post-treatment, advantages and limitations of combining natural and engineered processes, parameter-specific assessment of removal rates during bank filtration, and the design and operation of RBF wells. The feasibility, design, and operation of RBF schemes under specific site conditions are highlighted for sites in the US, India, and South Korea
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; floods ; environmental monitoring ; river bank filtration ; heavy metals ; riverside water source ; entrance velocity ; ultrafiltration ; online monitoring ; drinking water treatment ; water treatment ; system costs ; optimization ; biofilm ; fluorescence excitation-emission matrix ; riverbed ; inorganic chemicals ; well structure remodeling ; riverbank filtration (RBF) ; sub-oxic conditions ; electro-chlorination ; energy generation ; pressure loss ; bank filtrate portion ; removal efficacy ; bank filtrate ; manganese ; out/in membrane comparison ; pharmaceutical residues ; analytical method ; hydrochemistry ; subsurface geology ; dissolved organic matter ; column experiments ; storage tank ; groundwater ; organic matter composition ; water supply ; rural water supply ; collector wells ; mirror-image method ; southern India ; gabapentin ; microorganisms ; site investigation ; small communities ; decentralized capillary nanofiltration ; PHREEQC ; renewable energy ; droughts ; hydrological trends ; bank filtration ; filter cake ; sulphate ; point-bar alluvial setting ; inline electrolysis ; energy efficiency ; Ganga ; climate change ; turbine ; Nakdong River ; organic matter degradation ; oxypurinol ; slow sand filtration ; suboxic ; PARAFAC-EEM ; Krishna River ; water quality ; smart villages ; micropollutants ; anoxic ; dissolved organic carbon (DOC) ; attenuation ; organic micropollutants ; disinfection ; surface water treatment ; nitrate ; drinking water hydropower ; pesticides ; disinfection by-products ; Damodar ; pathogen barrier ; organic carbon ; salinity ; sustainable water production ; clogging ; Yamuna ; LC-OCD ; redox sensitivity ; pharmaceuticals ; high temperature ; performance ; riverbank filtration ; trihalomethanes ; iron ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
    Language: English
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  • 198
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: This collection of research and review papers is aimed at depicting the state of the art on the possible correlations between processing variables, obtained structure and special properties which this structure induces on the plastic part. The extraordinary capacity of plastics to modify their properties according to a particular structure is evidenced for several transformation processes and for many applications. The final common goal is to take profit of this peculiar capacity of plastics by inducing, through a suitable processing, a specific spatial organization.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; polymer blend ; carbon nanotube ; polycaprolactone ; X-ray diffraction ; reactive blending ; copper clad laminate ; incremental forming ; uniaxial compression ; fatigue ; nanoparticles ; composite ; deformation ; polymer composite ; humidity ; model ; uniaxial tensile deformation ; injection molding ; SPIF ; bioresorbable polymers ; flow ; poly(ethylene terephthalate) ; morphology ; 3D printing/additive manufacturing ; supercritical CO2 ; polymer morphology ; tissue engineering and regenerative medicine ; microfibrillar composites ; polyamide 6 ; ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene ; chain orientation ; processing ; intrinsic viscosity ; conductive polymer composites ; microcellular injection molding ; ionic liquids ; poly(?-caprolactone) ; biaxial elongation ; biobased films ; crystalline morphology ; gel ; composites ; PLLA ; bioresorbable vascular scaffolds ; temperature ; layered double hydroxides ; epoxy microstructure ; nanoreinforcement ; shear ; collagen ; controllable gas permeability ; contact angle ; WAXS ; mechanical performance ; biodegradable nanofibers ; in situ X-ray ; foam ; polyolefin ; carbon black ; polymorphism ; degradation ; polypropylene ; XRD ; graphite ; polyimide film ; indentation ; ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) ; mold temperature evolution ; fused filament fabrication/fused deposition modelling ; polyvinyl butyral ; supercritical fluid ; conductive filler ; octakis[(3-glycidoxypropyl)dimethylsiloxy]octasilsesquioxane (GPOSS) ; supercritical N2 ; compression molding ; flame retardant ; epinephrine ; crystallinity ; ethylene vinyl acetate ; atomic force microscopy ; temperature sensitive ; mechanical properties ; crystallisation ; microencapsulation ; linear coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) ; structure and properties ; PLA ; isotactic polypropylene ; lidocaine ; graphene ; structural analysis ; critical gel ; Harmonix AFM ; physicochemical characterization ; polyurethane ; cavitation ; curing rate ; orientation ; breathable film ; stress-induced phase transitions ; phase transitions ; SAXS ; hydrophobicity ; melamine polyphosphate ; PLGA ; compatibilizer ; polyoxymethylene (POM) ; homogeneous dispersion ; stretch blow molding ; electrical conductivity ; poly(lactic acid) ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
    Language: English
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  • 199
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: [This book focus on the most recent advances related to the design and processing methods of different nanobiomaterials, films, and fibers; surface functionalization strategies, including biological performance assessment and cytocompatibility; and their applications in tissue engineering strategies.]
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; antibacterial activity ; tissue engineering ; biomaterials fabrication ; regeneration ; Gadolinium chelate ; MRI ; cell sheet ; drug delivery ; magnetic nanoparticles ; graphene ; silk fibroin ; titania nanotubes ; biointegration ; anodic oxidation ; protein ; nanotechnology ; bone regeneration ; osteoclastogenesis ; dental stem cells ; mimetic peptide ; epithelial-mesenchymal interactions ; cornea endothelial cells ; wound healing ; antibacterial properties ; nanomaterials ; medicine ; RANK-RANKL-OPG ; nanofibers ; odontogenic cells ; lysophosphatidic acid ; photocatalytic activity ; dental enamel regeneration ; dental implant ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
    Language: English
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  • 200
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Power quality (PQ) is receiving more and more attention from consumers, distribution system operators, transmission system operators, and other entities related to electrical power systems. As PQ problems have direct implications for business productivity, causing high economic losses, the research and development monitoring technologies and power electronics solutions that ensure the PQ of the power systems are matters of utmost importance. This book is a collection of high quality papers published in the “Power Electronics and Power Quality” Special Issue of the journal Energies. It reflects on the latest investigations and the new trends in this field.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; p-q theory ; Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) ; power system protection ; modeling ; comtrade ; space vector modulation (SVM) ; propulsion inverter control system position estimator ; frequency adaption ; wavelet transform ; Simulink ; SGDFT ; indirect matrix converter (IMC) ; hysteresis current control ; switching transients ; input power factor ; high speed maglev ; harmonics ; optimization ; robust control ; protection relay ; variation in voltage ; FBMMC ; MMC ; microinverter ; digital control ; state-space model ; four-leg inverter ; phase-leading capacitor ; histogram ; pulse width modulation ; energy shaping passivity (ESP)-based control ; time multiplier setting (TMS) ; reactive power ; continuous particle swarm optimization (CPSO) ; power control ; microgrid (MG) ; passive method ; Matlab ; voltage control ; switching frequency ; Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) ; Omicron CMC 256plus ; distance protection ; low voltage direct-current residential microgrid ; Full-bridge ; series active filter ; static var compensator ; photovoltaic systems ; Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) ; long-stator synchronous motor ; SC ; constant power load ; CSC ; superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES) ; hybrid power filter ; renewable power generation ; Lagrange-interpolation method ; multilevel converter ; multi-grounded neutral (MGN) system ; temperature ; computer simulation ; thyristor-controlled reactor ; hybrid static var compensator ; static synchronous compensator ; power semiconductor device ; DC short-circuit handling ; cost-effectiveness ; current control ; half-bridge inverters ; Hybrid HVDC ; power inverter ; input filter ; machine learning ; enerlyzer ; matrix converter (MC) ; DC-DC converter ; Shunt Active Power Filter ; neutral integrity detection ; overcurrent relay coordination (OCR) ; power quality ; event detection ; voltage source inverter ; Multiterminal HVDC ; distorted grid conditions ; hybrid active filter ; primary neutral integrity ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
    Language: English
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