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  • Articles  (246,090)
  • Springer  (225,644)
  • Blackwell Publishing Ltd  (20,446)
  • 2020-2024  (1,409)
  • 1980-1984  (244,681)
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  • 1
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    Die Geschichte der Antarktisforschung (1984)
    Springer
    In:  EPIC3Naturwissenschaften, Springer, 71(12), pp. 599-608, ISSN: 0028-1042
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-06-04
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , notRev
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  • 2
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    Graph neural networks for multivariate time series regression with application to seismic data (2023)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-08-29
    Description: Machine learning, with its advances in deep learning has shown great potential in analyzing time series. In many scenarios, however, additional information that can potentially improve the predictions is available. This is crucial for data that arise from e. g., sensor networks that contain information about sensor locations. Then, such spatial information can be exploited by modeling it via graph structures, along with the sequential (time series) information. Recent advances in adapting deep learning to graphs have shown potential in various tasks. However, these methods have not been adapted for time series tasks to a great extent. Most attempts have essentially consolidated around time series forecasting with small sequence lengths. Generally, these architectures are not well suited for regression or classification tasks where the value to be predicted is not strictly depending on the most recent values, but rather on the whole length of the time series. We propose TISER-GCN, a novel graph neural network architecture for processing, in particular, these long time series in a multivariate regression task. Our proposed model is tested on two seismic datasets containing earthquake waveforms, where the goal is to predict maximum intensity measurements of ground shaking at each seismic station. Our findings demonstrate promising results of our approach—with an average MSE reduction of 16.3%—compared to the best performing baselines. In addition, our approach matches the baseline scores by needing only half the input size. The results are discussed in depth with an additional ablation study.
    Description: Interreg North-West Europe program (Interreg NWE), project Di-Plast - Digital Circular Economy for the Plastics Industry (NWE729). INGV Pianeta Dinamico 2021 Tema 8 SOME (CUP D53J1900017001) funded by Italian Ministry of University and Research “Fondo finalizzato al rilancio degli investimenti delle amministrazioni centrali dello Stato e allo sviluppo del Paese, legge 145/2018.
    Description: Published
    Description: 317–332
    Description: 8T. Sismologia in tempo reale e Early Warning Sismico e da Tsunami
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: Graph neural networks ; Time series ; Sensors ; Convolutional neural networks ; Regression ; Earthquake ground motion ; Seismic network ; 04.06. Seismology
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 3
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    The Museum of the Osservatorio Vesuviano: inviting the public to explore the geoheritage of the world’s first volcano observatory (2023)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-08-29
    Description: The Osservatorio Vesuviano (OV) is the oldest volcano observatory in the world having been founded in 1841 by the King of the Two Sicilies Ferdinand II of Bourbon. The historical building, located on the western slope of Vesuvius, hosts a museum with important collections of remarkable scientifc, historical and artistic value, including pioneering instruments, rocks and minerals, photos and flms of Vesuvius’ eruptions and many other memorabilia. Visitors discover this heritage through perma nent exhibitions, and a multimedia path, across the history of Vesuvius and the origin of volcano monitoring. The museum lies within the protected area of Vesuvius National Park, established in 1995. The park’s network of trails allows visitors to enjoy the geodiversity of Somma-Vesuvius, whose activity has been intertwined with that of humans from Bronze Age to modern times, as testifed by many important archaeological sites around the volcano, the most famous among them being Pompeii and Herculaneum. The “Grand Tour” was the cultural journey undertaken in the eighteenth century by European intellectuals, in which Italy was an essential destination; we consider the Museum of the OV an essential stop in a modern “Vesuvius Grand Tour”, a journey through the geological and archaeological heritage of Vesuvius territory. Since 2001, the OV is the Naples section of the Istituto Nazionale di Geofsica e Vulcanologia (INGV), which is primarily tasked with monitoring the three active volcanoes of the Neapolitan area—Vesuvius, Campi Flegrei and Ischia—through an advanced surveillance network
    Description: Published
    Description: 45
    Description: 1V. Storia eruttiva
    Description: 6IT. Osservatori non satellitari
    Description: 2TM. Divulgazione Scientifica
    Description: 3TM. Comunicazione
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: Osservatorio Vesuviano ; Geoheritage ; Volcano observatory ; Volcano monitoring
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 4
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    Complex Systems Methods Characterizing Nonlinear Processes in the Near-Earth Electromagnetic Environment: Recent Advances and Open Challenges (2023)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-09-06
    Description: Learning from successful applications of methods originating in statistical mechanics, com- plex systems science, or information theory in one scientific field (e.g., atmospheric physics or climatology) can provide important insights or conceptual ideas for other areas (e.g., space sciences) or even stimulate new research questions and approaches. For instance, quantification and attribution of dynamical complexity in output time series of nonlinear dynamical systems is a key challenge across scientific disciplines. Especially in the field of space physics, an early and accurate detection of characteristic dissimilarity between nor- mal and abnormal states (e.g., pre-storm activity vs. magnetic storms) has the potential to vastly improve space weather diagnosis and, consequently, the mitigation of space weather hazards. This review provides a systematic overview on existing nonlinear dynamical systems- based methodologies along with key results of their previous applications in a space physics context, which particularly illustrates how complementary modern complex systems ap- proaches have recently shaped our understanding of nonlinear magnetospheric variability. The rising number of corresponding studies demonstrates that the multiplicity of nonlin- ear time series analysis methods developed during the last decades offers great potentials for uncovering relevant yet complex processes interlinking different geospace subsystems, variables and spatiotemporal scales.
    Description: Published
    Description: 38
    Description: 1A. Geomagnetismo e Paleomagnetismo
    Description: JCR Journal
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 5
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    Exploring the Signature of the Apollo Medicane in the Central Mediterranean Sea Through Multi-source Data Analysis: Satellites, Radar HF, Marine Buoys, and Seismic Data in October 2021 (2023)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-08-29
    Description: In the last decades, the frequency of extreme weather and marine events has drastically increased. During the last week of October 2021 an intense Mediterranean hurricane (Medicane), named Apollo, affected many countries on the Mediterranean coasts. Eight people died as a consequence of the floodings from the cyclone in the countries of Tunisia, Algeria, Malta, and Italy. A preliminary search for possible signatures of the Apollo Medicane by meteorological satellite, radar HF, marine buoy, and seismic data is performed. This was done in a framework of an international collaboration between Italian and Maltese partners for the monitoring of the sea state in scenarios of climate change. The experimental results confirm, at this preliminary stage, the possibility and the usefulness of jointly looking at such phenomena with multiple aims of retrieving a more robust characterization, having a backup alternative in case a primary monitoring network gets failure, and pathing the way to heuristic and data-driven analytical and predictive approaches to Medicanes issues.
    Description: Published
    Description: Athens, Greece
    Description: 7A. Geofisica per il monitoraggio ambientale
    Keywords: Apollo Medicane ; Seismic Noise ; Marine Buoy
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: Conference paper
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  • 6
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    CRISP: an archive for the site characterization of permanent Italian seismic stations (2023)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-10-11
    Description: Set of data and metadata that characterize a site hosting a seismic station
    Description: In this paper we describe an advanced database for the site characterization of seismic stations, named “CRISP—Caratterizzazione della RIsposta sismica dei Siti Permanenti della rete sismica” (http:// crisp. ingv. it, quoted with https:// doi. org/ 10. 13127/ crisp), designed for the Italian National Seismic Network (Rete Sismica Nazionale, RSN, operated by Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia). For each site, CRISP collects easily accessible station information, such as position, type(s) of instrumentation, instrument housing, thematic map(s) and descriptive attributes (e.g., geological characteristics, etc.), seismic analysis of recordings, and available geophysical investigations (shear-wave velocity [VS] profile, non-linear decay curve). The archive also provides key proxy indicators derived from the available data, such as the time-averaged shear-wave velocity of the upper 30 m from the surface ( VS30) and site and topographic classes according to the different seismic codes. Standardized procedures have been applied as motivated by the need for a homogenous set of information for all the stations. According to European Plate Observing System infrastructural objectives for the standardization of seismological data, CRISP is integrated into pre-existing INGV instrument infrastructures, shares content with the Italian Accelerometric Archive, and complies map information about the stations, as well as local geology, through web services managed by Istituto Superiore per la Protezione e la Ricerca Ambientale. The design of the CRISP archive allows the database to be continually updated and expanded whenever new data are available from the scientific community, such as the ones related to new seismic stations, map information, geophysical surveys, and seismological analyses.
    Description: Published
    Description: 2415 - 2439
    Description: 5T. Sismologia, geofisica e geologia per l'ingegneria sismica
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: Site effects ; Site characterization ; Permanent seismic station ; Italian National Seismic Network ; Database ; 04.06. Seismology
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 7
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    Massive dolomites in the Messinian evaporitic sequence (Sicily, Italy): multi-analytical characterization and implications for the dolomitization processes (2020)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-10-26
    Description: A combined geochemical, mineralogical, petrographic and geological approach has allowed to constrain the dolomitization process responsible for the formation of massive dolomitic body within the Messinian evaporitic series. We focused our investigations on an example of massive dolomite body, outcropping over the marginal area of the evaporitic basin in the Peloritani Mountains (NE area of Sicily region, Italy). Field observations allowed recognizing several sedimentary structures, such as erosion surfaces, lenses of conglomerates and ripples highlighting a clastic origin. The petrographic study revealed fne-grained and massive structure, scarce porosity, light to pink color and absence of micro-fossils. The chondritenormalized trace element pattern shows a general enrichment in LREE and depletion in HREE. The isotopic signatures of the studied dolomites (δ18O=– 4.38–1.24‰, V-PDB; δ13C=– 1.48–1.94‰, V-PDB) are comparable with those of type-3 “Calcare di Base” which is the common reference to record the Messinian salinity crisis. The positive co-variant relationship between the δ18O and δ13C values suggests a dolomitization process in the seawater/freshwater mixing zone. The occurrence of the studied dolomites in the evaporitic sequence coupled with the results we gained point towards an origin from “early diagenetic” processes. As a consequence, a model explaining the genetic mechanism for the studied dolomitic rocks can be essentially summarized as: (1) the massive dolostones were originally deposited as evaporitic limestones under rather highsalinity conditions; (2) the dolomitization process occurred in the seawater/freshwater mixing zone that provided Mg-rich fuids over uplifted submarine masses.
    Description: Published
    Description: id 29
    Description: 7SR AMBIENTE – Servizi e ricerca per la società
    Description: JCR Journal
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 8
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    Consequences of a Solar Wind Stream Interaction Region on the Low Latitude Ionosphere: Event of 7 October 2015 (2021)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-10-26
    Description: In this article, we present a study of the perturbations occurring in the Earth’s environment on 7 October 2015. We use a multi-instrument approach, including space and ground observations. In particular, we study the ionospheric conditions at low latitudes. Two ionospheric storms are observed at the low latitude station of Tucumán (26° 51' S, 65° 12' W). We observe a negative ionospheric storm followed by a positive one. These ionospheric perturbations were triggered by two sudden storm commencements (SSCs) of a strong geo-magnetic storm. Preliminary results show that the main mechanism involved in both ionospheric storms is the prompt penetration of electric fields (PPEFs) from the magnetosphere. Furthermore, in the positive storm, disturbed dynamo electric fields are observed acting in combination with the PPEFs. The impact of the solar wind on the Earth’s environment is analyzed using geomagnetic data and proxies, combined with data acquired in the Tucumán Low Latitude Observatory for the Upper Atmosphere. We also investigate the solar and interplanetary drivers of this intense perturbation. We find that, although typically interplanetary coronal mass ejections (ICMEs) are the most geoeffective transient interplanetary events, in this case, a corotating interaction region (CIR) is responsible for these strong perturbations to the geospace.
    Description: Published
    Description: id 173
    Description: 2A. Fisica dell'alta atmosfera
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: Ionospheric storm ; Low latitude ionosphere ; Solar wind ; Corotating interaction region
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 9
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    Estimating eruptive parameters and related uncertainties for pyroclastic density currents deposits: worked examples from Somma-Vesuvius (Italy) (2020)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-10-31
    Description: The quantification of the maximum runout, invaded area, volume, and total grain-size distribution (TGSD) of pyroclastic density currents (PDC) is a critically important task because such parameters represent the needed necessary input quantities for physical modeling and hazard assessment of PDCs. In this work, new and well-established methods for the quantification of these parameters are applied to a large stratigraphic dataset of three PDC units from two eruptions of Somma-Vesuvius (the AD 79 Pompeii and the AD 472 Pollena eruptions), representative of a large spectrum of transport and depositional processes. Maximum runout and invaded area are defined on the basis of the available volcanological and topographical constraints. The related uncertainties are evaluated with an expert judgment procedure, which considersed the different sectors of the volcano separately. Quite large uncertainty estimates of dispersal area (20–40%) may have important implications in terms of hazard assessment. The testing of different methods for estimating the volume (and mass) of a PDC deposit suggests that integration, over the invaded area, of thickness (and deposit density) data using the triangulated irregular network method can minimize and localize data extrapolation. Such calculations, however, bear an intrinsic additional uncertainty (at least 10% of the total PDC deposit) related to loss or new formation of fine material during transport (at least 10% of the total PDC deposit). Different interpolation methods for TGSD produce multimodal distributions, likely reflecting the different response of each grain size class to transport and deposition processes. These data, when integrated with information on the related co-ignimbrite deposits, can give a more accurate picture of the pyroclastic mixture feeding the current.
    Description: Published
    Description: Id 65
    Description: 5V. Processi eruttivi e post-eruttivi
    Description: JCR Journal
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 10
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    Polar meiofauna – Antipoles or Parallels? (2023)
    Springer
    In:  EPIC3Springer, pp. 285-328, ISBN: 978-3-031-21622-0
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-12-18
    Description: At opposite ends of our world lie the poles. In the North, the Arctic, an ocean surrounded by coasts; in the South, the Antarctic continent surrounded by an ocean that separates it from the nearest landmasses. At first glance, the poles could not be more dissimilar owing to their contrasting location, geography, and tectonic and evolutionary history. The amplitude and types of ice cover, though differing between the poles, are influenced by the same climatic, atmospheric, and hydrodynamic processes that affect the entire Earth. Freshwater influx into their coastal areas too—beyond the effects of glaciological changes and dynamics such as glacier melt and increasing meltwater discharges—is different: in contrast to the Arctic, the Antarctic continent and sub-Antarctic islands lack major rivers. However, their latitudinal range and low temperatures, ice shelves, icebergs, sea ice, impacts from tidewater and land-based glaciers, significant seasonal variation in light intensity and, hence, primary productivity, offer parallel environments for organisms that have adapted to such conditions. Although we know much about the similarities and differences from an environmental perspective, there are still many unknowns about how benthic communities, especially the meiobenthos, from both regions compare. In this chapter, we provide an overview of the contrasts and parallels between Arctic and Antarctic meiobenthos and place it into context of their extreme habitats. Following a brief account of Arctic and Antarctic evolution and the historical study of their faunas, we (i) compare how extreme polar conditions affect meiofauna across four main habitats: polar coastal areas and fjords, continental shelves and ice shelves, the deep sea, and sea ice, and we (ii) discuss the implications of climate change on meiofauna in these habitats. Reflecting on (i) and (ii) allowed us to identify frontiers for future research of polar meiofauna, which we put forward in the concluding sections of this chapter.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Inbook , peerRev
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