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  • American Physical Society (APS)
  • International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
  • 2020-2024  (2)
  • 1990-1994  (7,163)
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  • 1
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    Critical Drift in a Neuro-Inspired Adaptive Network (2023)
    American Physical Society (APS)
    In:  EPIC3Physical Review Letters, American Physical Society (APS), 130(18), pp. 188401-188401, ISSN: 0031-9007
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-12-05
    Description: It has been postulated that the brain operates in a self-organized critical state that brings multiple benefits, such as optimal sensitivity to input. Thus far, self-organized criticality has typically been depicted as a one-dimensional process, where one parameter is tuned to a critical value. However, the number of adjustable parameters in the brain is vast, and hence critical states can be expected to occupy a high-dimensional manifold inside a high-dimensional parameter space. Here, we show that adaptation rules inspired by homeostatic plasticity drive a neuro-inspired network to drift on a critical manifold, where the system is poised between inactivity and persistent activity. During the drift, global network parameters continue to change while the system remains at criticality.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 2
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    Master stability functions for metacommunities with two types of habitats (2022)
    American Physical Society (APS)
    In:  EPIC3Physical Review E, American Physical Society (APS), 105(4), pp. 044310-044310, ISSN: 2470-0045
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-12-05
    Description: Current questions in ecology revolve around instabilities in the dynamics on spatial networks and particularly the effect of node heterogeneity. We extend the master stability function formalism to inhomogeneous biregular networks having two types of spatial nodes. Notably, this class of systems also allows the investigation of certain types of dynamics on higher-order networks. Combined with the generalized modeling approach to study the linear stability of steady states, this is a powerful tool to numerically asses the stability of large ensembles of systems. We analyze the stability of ecological metacommunities with two distinct types of habitats analytically and numerically in order to identify several sets of conditions under which the dynamics can become stabilized by dispersal. Our analytical approach allows general insights into stabilizing and destabilizing effects in metapopulations. Specifically, we identify self-regulation and negative feedback loops between source and sink populations as stabilizing mechanisms and we show that maladaptive dispersal may be stable under certain conditions.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Multiple scattering of X-rays in the case of isotropic samples (1990)
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Applied crystallography online 23 (1990), S. 11-17 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5767
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: The contribution of multiple scattering in wide-angle X-ray scattering experiments on isotropic samples using Mo Kα and Cu Kα radiation is estimated. The portion of doubly and triply scattered intensity was calculated with a tedious Monte Carlo simulation method and the portion of doubly scattered intensity was calculated with a fast approximate numerical integration procedure. In the case of light elements the correction was found to be important. The approximate method proved to be reliable for thin samples in cases where the cross section for inelastic scattering is small. The effect of the molecular structure of the material on the multiply scattered intensity was demonstrated in the case of liquid sulfur and found to be meaningful at small scattering angles. The correction method was applied to the radial atomic density function (RDF) analysis of water and sulfur. The correction improved the behaviour of the reduced interference function but its effect on the RDF was small in both cases.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0021889889009283
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transmission electron microscope studies of phase transitions in single crystals and ceramics of ferroelectric Pb(Sc1/2Ta1/2)O3 (1990)
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Applied crystallography online 23 (1990), S. 43-54 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5767
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: An account is given of transmission electron microscope investigations of the phase transitions in single crystals and ceramics of the complex perovskite structured ferroelectric `relaxor' compound Pb(Sc1/2Ta1/2)O3. The crystal symmetries pertaining to both the non-polar paraelectric (PE) and polar ferroelectric (FE) states have been studied by the technique of convergent-beam electron diffraction. A new phase transition has been discovered in the temperature range for which the FE and PE states coexist. The new phase transition is interpreted as the creation of a modulated antiferroelectric state, and this is viewed as marking a departure from relaxor behaviour towards more `normal' ferroelectric behaviour.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S002188988901085X
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    High-resolution electron microscopic study on long-period superstructures with 6H stacking sequence in Au3Cd alloys (1990)
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Applied crystallography online 23 (1990), S. 55-62 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5767
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Atomic arrangements of long-period superstructures in Au–24.5at.%Cd alloy with the basic h.c.p. structure have been investigated by high-resolution electron microscopy. The alloy shows one-dimensional or two-dimensional long-period superstructures in the close-packed plane with a 6H stacking sequence, depending on heat treatments. It is shown that the two-dimensional incommensurate superstructure with a period larger than 9a0 is composed of domains of the hexagonal commensurate structure (M = 9) separated by the antiphase-boundary zone in which 33/2a0 × 2a0 × 3c0 orthorhombic structure is formed (a0, c0 being the lattice parameters of the h.c.p. structure). Microstructures of the alloy annealed at 620 K with the one-dimensional long-period superstructure and of the alloy quenched from 770 K showing diffuse scattering have also been investigated by high-resolution electron microscopy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0021889889011441
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Closed-form expressions for Fourier–Bessel transform of Slater-type functions (1990)
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Applied crystallography online 23 (1990), S. 71-73 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5767
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Integrals of the type G_{N.k}(S,Z) = \int^{\infty}_{0}r^N{\rm exp}(- Zr)j_k(Sr){\rm d}r for k ≤ N − 1 have been directly evaluated and the closed-form expressions are given.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0021889889010484
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The properties of anisotropic small-angle scattering (1990)
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Applied crystallography online 23 (1990), S. 79-81 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5767
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: It is shown that the cross section of small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) on an anisotropic system of point scatterers is determined by a symmetric tensor (R). The mean square radius of gyration of the system is the trace of R. A simple method is proposed for experimental determination of the tensor R by small-angle measurements with rotation of a sample.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0021889889008253
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Linear least-squares adjustment of UB matrix elements and the prediction of reflection positions (1990)
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Applied crystallography online 23 (1990), S. 111-114 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5767
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: A method is presented for the linear least-squares refinement of small changes in the UB matrix elements and diffractometer offsets in single-crystal diffractometer experiments. It thus affords a rapid method for calculating the consequent changes in the positions of the centres of Bragg reflections.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0021889889013026
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Time modulation of small-angle neutron scattering in the longitudinally vibrating double-crystal system (1990)
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Applied crystallography online 23 (1990), S. 70-71 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5767
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: The use of two longitudinally vibrating perfect crystals is suggested for small-angle neutron scattering experiments.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0021889889010241
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A versatile new cryostat for obtaining X-ray diffuse intensity data from thin flat single crystals (1990)
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Applied crystallography online 23 (1990), S. 77-77 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5767
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0021889889011118
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