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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2024-04-14
    Description: The Zhou Changes, better known in the West as I Ching, is one of the masterpieces of world literature. This book, the climax of more than forty years of research in Chinese archaeology, explores the text’s origins in the oracle-bone and milfoil divinations of Bronze Age China and how it transformed over the course of the Zhou dynasty into the first of the Chinese classics. The book provides an in-depth survey of the theory and practice of divination to demonstrate how the hexagram and line statements of the text were produced and how they were understood at the time.
    Keywords: archaeology ; China ; Chinese ; Classic of Poetry ; cosmology ; decision making ; divination ; hexagrams ; history ; I Ching ; milfoil ; omens ; oracle bones ; oracles ; philosophy ; prediction ; Shi jing ; sortilege ; textual ; unearthed manuscripts ; Zhou dynasty ; Zhou Yi ; thema EDItEUR::V Health, Relationships and Personal development::VX Mind, body, spirit::VXF Fortune-telling and divination ; thema EDItEUR::D Biography, Literature and Literary studies::DB Ancient, classical and medieval texts ; thema EDItEUR::Q Philosophy and Religion::QD Philosophy::QDH Philosophical traditions and schools of thought::QDHC East Asian and Indian philosophy ; thema EDItEUR::1 Place qualifiers::1F Asia::1FP East Asia, Far East::1FPC China ; thema EDItEUR::3 Time period qualifiers::3C BCE period – Protohistory
    Language: English
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  • 2
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: This Special Issue addresses a topic of great relevance. In developed countries, there is a higher prevalence of people choosing to spend time indoors. Data show that the time a person spends at home ranges from 60% to 90% of the day, and 30% of that time is spent sleeping, though this varies depending on the individual. Taking into account these data, indoor residential environments have a direct influence on human health. Furthermore, in developing countries, significant levels of indoor pollution make housing unsafe, impacting the health of its inhabitants. Housing is therefore a key health factor for people all over the world: various parameters such as air quality, ventilation, hygrothermal comfort, lighting, physical environment, and building efficiency can contribute to healthy architecture; poor application of these parameters can result in conditions that negatively impact health.
    Keywords: gappy proper orthogonal decomposition ; sparse sensor observations ; contaminant distribution ; reconstruction ; CFD ; energy efficiency ; data envelopment analysis ; literature review ; future research ; weather data ; calibration ; sensors ; energy simulation ; sensors saving ; methodology ; Building Energy Models (BEMs) ; water flow glazing ; dynamic building envelope ; life cycle assessment ; building integrated PV panels ; levelized cost of energy ; daylighting ; circadian lighting ; indoor lighting ; dopamine ; myopia ; self-renovation ; habits and comfort ; sustainable building material ; cultural heritage buildings ; ventilation ; CFD analysis ; archaeology ; architecture ; native American Indians ; traditional architecture ; vernacular architecture ; indoor air quality ; COVID-19 ; educational buildings ; air purifier ; airborne transmission ; particulate matter ; dust pollution ; IAQ ; indoor–outdoor concentration ratio ; penetration factor ; air quality control ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues
    Language: English
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  • 3
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    UCL Press | UCL Press
    Publication Date: 2024-04-08
    Description: Conflict, Heritage and World-Making in the Chaco documents and interprets the physical remains and afterlives of the Chaco War (1932-35) – known as South America’s first ‘modern’ armed conflict – in what is now present-day Paraguay. It focuses not only on archaeological remains as conventionally understood, but takes an ontological approach to heterogeneous assemblages of objects, texts, practices and landscapes shaped by industrial war and people’s past and present engagements with them. These assemblages could be understood to constitute a ‘dark heritage’, the debris of a failed modernity. Yet it is clear that they are not simply dead memorials to this bloody war, but have been, and continue to be active in making, unmaking and remaking worlds – both for the participants and spectators of the war itself, as well as those who continue to occupy and live amongst the vast accretions of war matériel which persist in the present. Framing the study as an exploration of modern, industrialised warfare as Anthropocene ‘hyperobject’ (Morton 2013), This book shows how the material culture and heritage of modern conflict fuse together objects, people and landscapes, connecting them physically and conceptually across vast, almost unimaginable distances and time periods. She offers a unique perspective on the heritage of conflict, the natural environment, practices of recycling, the concept of time, and the idea of the ‘Anthropocene’ itself, as seen through the lens of the material legacies of war, which remain firmly and stubbornly embedded in the present and which continue to actively shape the future. This book makes a major contribution to key debates in anthropology, archaeology, critical heritage and material culture studies on the significance of conflict in understanding the Anthropocene, and the roles played by its persistent heritages in assembling worlds.
    Keywords: Chaco War ; Paraguay ; conflict ; archaeology ; material culture ; Anthropocene ; heritage ; South America ; anthropology ; critical heritage ; museum studies ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NK Archaeology::NKD Archaeology by period / region ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHK History of the Americas
    Language: English
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2024-04-08
    Description: This book reports on excavations at Paithan in India revealed the development of two early Hindu temples from the 4th century to the 9th: the key formative phase of Hinduism. The temples started as small shrines but were elaborated into formal temples. In relation to these changes, the excavations revealed a sequence of palaeobotanical and palaeofaunal evidence that give insight into the economic and social changes that took place at that time.
    Keywords: BL1-50 ; Gupta ; agriculture ; Vakataka ; archaeology ; Hindu temple ; bic Book Industry Communication::H Humanities::HR Religion & beliefs ; thema EDItEUR::Q Philosophy and Religion::QR Religion and beliefs
    Language: English
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  • 5
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-08
    Description: The materialisation of religiosity has been expressed since prehistoric times through material culture. This material culture serves as a tangible embodiment of faith, communicating the diversity of human spiritual experiences. It encompasses a wide range of objects, structures, symbols, and practices that not only shape religious identities, but also reflect the evolving nature of human society. This interaction between religious beliefs and their material expressions enables an understanding of the role of religion in shaping human culture and identity. Through 13 different approaches, this reprint aims to present a cross-cultural analysis of religiosity. Its main objective is to recognise the importance of this materialisation in the knowledge of different religions, as well as to maintain, preserve, and safeguard this diverse and rich heritage for future generations.
    Keywords: archaeology ; Abu Dhabi ; Umm Al Quwain ; heritage tourism ; commodification ; mosque and trade ; sustainability of mosques ; mosques in Antalya ; mosque architecture ; use of mosques ; Catholic Church ; ecclesiastical museums ; museology of religion ; museum studies ; religious heritage ; golden body ; gilded statue of Buddha ; mercury gilding ; gold leaf gilding ; Chinese Buddhism ; Mariology ; Marian iconography ; Mary’s universal mediation ; eternal salvation ; Last Judgement ; medieval liturgical hymns ; doctrinal symbol ; gothic portal ; material culture ; the worship of Mazu ; ancestral temple of Mazu ; religious tourism ; Khazar state ; Karay Turks ; Karaism ; Crimea ; transition period ; death rituals ; San Francisco de La Paz ; mestizo baroque ; symbolic space ; altarpiece discourse ; lattimo glass ; cross-cultural design ; Venice ; porcelain ; Chinoiserie ; Portuguese Way to Santiago ; pilgrimage ; motivations ; religious motivations ; spirituality motivations ; cultural motivations ; ecumenism ; places of worship ; faith-themed routes ; St. Paul’s route ; cultural route certificates ; cultural route certificate criteria ; sound ; image ; memory ; religious places ; site-specific ; sense of place ; archeology ; Roman times ; Hispania ; Bracara Augusta ; funerary buildings ; funerary practices ; bic Book Industry Communication::H Humanities::HR Religion & beliefs ; thema EDItEUR::Q Philosophy and Religion::QR Religion and beliefs
    Language: English
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  • 6
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    De Gruyter | De Gruyter
    Publication Date: 2024-04-07
    Description: Over the last two decades, the study of graffiti has emerged as a bustling field, invigorated by increased appreciation for their historical, linguistic, sociological, and anthropological value and propelled by ambitious documentation projects. The growing understanding of graffiti as a perennial, universal phenomenon is spurring holistic consideration of this mode of graphic expression across time and space. Graffiti Scratched, Scrawled, Sprayed: Towards a Cross-Cultural Understanding complements recent efforts to showcase the diversity in creation, reception, and curation of graffiti around the globe, throughout history and up to the present day. reflecting on methodology, concepts, and terminology as well as spatial, social, and historical contexts of graffiti, the book’s fourteen chapters cover ancient Egypt, Rome, Northern Arabia, Persia, India, and the Maya; medieval Eastern Mediterranean, Turfan, and Dunhuang; and contemporary Tanzania, Brazil, China, and Germany. As a whole, the collection provides a comprehensive toolkit for newcomers to the field of graffiti studies and appeals to specialists interested in viewing these materials in a cross-cultural perspective. ; Over the last two decades, the study of graffiti has emerged as a bustling field, invigorated by increased appreciation for their historical, linguistic, sociological, and anthropological value and propelled by ambitious documentation projects. The growing understanding of graffiti as a perennial, universal phenomenon is spurring holistic consideration of this mode of graphic expression across time and space. Graffiti Scratched, Scrawled, Sprayed: Towards a Cross-Cultural Understanding complements recent efforts to showcase the diversity in creation, reception, and curation of graffiti around the globe, throughout history and up to the present day. reflecting on methodology, concepts, and terminology as well as spatial, social, and historical contexts of graffiti, the book’s fourteen chapters cover ancient Egypt, Rome, Northern Arabia, Persia, India, and the Maya; medieval Eastern Mediterranean, Turfan, and Dunhuang; and contemporary Tanzania, Brazil, China, and Germany. As a whole, the collection provides a comprehensive toolkit for newcomers to the field of graffiti studies and appeals to specialists interested in viewing these materials in a cross-cultural perspective.
    Keywords: Epigraphik ; Geschichte+Schreiben ; Archäologie ; Sozialgeschichte ; Epigraphy ; history of writing ; archaeology ; social history ; thema EDItEUR::A The Arts::AG The Arts: treatments and subjects::AGA History of art ; thema EDItEUR::6 Style qualifiers::6M Styles (M)::6MB Medieval style ; thema EDItEUR::A The Arts::AF The Arts: art forms::AFJ Other graphic or visual art forms ; thema EDItEUR::D Biography, Literature and Literary studies::DS Literature: history and criticism::DSB Literary studies: general::DSBB Literary studies: ancient, classical and medieval ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GT Interdisciplinary studies::GTM Regional / International studies ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHB General and world history ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology ; thema EDItEUR::3 Time period qualifiers::3K CE period up to c 1500 ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHT History: specific events and topics::NHTB Social and cultural history ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NK Archaeology::NKD Archaeology by period / region ; thema EDItEUR::1 Place qualifiers::1D Europe ; thema EDItEUR::3 Time period qualifiers::3K CE period up to c 1500::3KL c 1000 CE to c 1500
    Language: English
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  • 7
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    UCL Press | UCL Press
    Publication Date: 2024-04-07
    Description: Nowhere on Earth is there an ecological transformation so swift and so extreme as between the snow-line of the high Andes and the tropical rainforest of Amazonia. The different disciplines that research the human past in South America have long tended to treat these two great subzones of the continent as self-contained enough to be taken independently of each other. Objections have repeatedly been raised, however, to warn against imagining too sharp a divide between the people and societies of the Andes and Amazonia, when there are also clear indications of significant connections and transitions between them. Rethinking the Andes–Amazonia Divide brings together archaeologists, linguists, geneticists, anthropologists, ethnohistorians and historians to explore both correlations and contrasts in how the various disciplines see the relationship between the Andes and Amazonia, from deepest prehistory up to the European colonial period. The volume emerges from an innovative programme of conferences and symposia conceived explicitly to foster awareness, discussion and co-operation across the divides between disciplines. Underway since 2008, this programme has already yielded major publications on the Andean past, including History and Language in the Andes (2011) andArchaeology and Language in the Andes (2012). ‘This book makes a major contribution to the study of the deep, interregional history of humanity in South America. I am unaware of any other volume that occupies the place envisioned for this work, with the result that it will become a standard book to be read or consulted for some time to come. Overall, it is a professional contribution of real significance that will be widely used across history, genetics, linguistics, and archaeology, as discussion of the kinds of issues treated by this study of Andean-Amazonian relations is badly needed.’ – Terence N. D’Altroy, Columbia University
    Keywords: Andes ; Amazonia ; South America ; archaeology ; linguistics ; anthropology ; history ; rainforest ; geneticists ; ethnohistorians ; historians ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHK History of the Americas ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NK Archaeology
    Language: English
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  • 8
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    University of Hertfordshire Press | University of Hertfordshire Press
    Publication Date: 2024-04-06
    Description: How were the field boundaries created and cultivated by the farmers of prehistoric and Roman Britain transformed into the open fields of medieval England? Historians and archaeologists have posited a complete physical break between the field systems of Roman Britain and the common or open fields of medieval England. Susan Oosthuizen’s fascinating research into the landscape history of the Bourn Valley, just west of Cambridge (an area which has been intensively cultivated for at least the last 3,000 years), has uncovered preserved prehistoric field patterns in the medieval furlongs there – startling in the context of ‘champion’ England. If it were possible to unravel the relationships between pre-open-field and open-field boundaries in the Valley between about 600 and 1100 AD, then a significant step forward might be taken in our understanding of the origins of medieval open-field systems in general. We might begin to understand the processes by which the fields, woods and pastures that developed over the prehistoric millennia and during the Roman centuries were organised into the completely new landscape of the medieval open fields. The unexpected discovery of what appears to be an 8th- or 9th-century proto-open-field pattern seems to indicate a fossilising of the process of development from prehistoric to medieval fields, which Susan Oosthuizen seeks to explain by examining the social, administrative and political contexts within which these changes took place. The newly uncovered evidence allows Oosthuizen to propose a new model for the introduction of common fields in England.-
    Keywords: Landscape history ; medieval agriculture ; field systems ; Cambridgeshire ; archaeology ; thema EDItEUR::1 Place qualifiers::1D Europe::1DD Western Europe::1DDU United Kingdom, Great Britain ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHT History: specific events and topics::NHTB Social and cultural history ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NK Archaeology::NKD Archaeology by period / region
    Language: English
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  • 9
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    ARTEHIS Éditions
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: Depuis les années 1980, une approche nouvelle s’est imposée autour de la construction en reprenant le principe archéologique de la stratigraphie des unités et des faits. Plusieurs rencontres depuis 2001 ont pu témoigner de ces avancées et il devenait nécessaire de confronter tous les acteurs concernés dans un colloque international. Cette archéologie dépasse les études architecturales traditionnelles qui reposaient essentiellement sur les formes et les grandes étapes de changement visibles à l’œil depuis le sol. Le bâti apparaît aujourd’hui non comme uniquement un ensemble de formes inscrites dans l’histoire mais comme une structure complexe toujours en renouvellement. La construction n’est plus celle d’un type entrant dans des cases mais celle d’un lieu aux fonctions et aux usages ayant évolué avec le temps. Sa permanence comme sa disparition nous interroge.
    Keywords: archaeology ; surveys ; building ; capture ; construction ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NK Archaeology
    Language: French
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  • 10
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    Publications du Centre Jean Bérard
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: Le fait urbain en Sicile hellénistique s’insère entre les grandes cités siciliennes d’époque classique, elles-mêmes héritières des expériences coloniales archaïques, et la mainmise de Rome, avènement d’un gouvernement centralisé de l’île. Son étude a souvent été l’objet de vives polémiques dans la communauté scientifique à propos de la chronologie et des implications socioculturelles de certains éléments marquants du paysage urbain : édifices, plans d’urbanisme et aménagements privés. Le but de ce livre est d’en proposer une synthèse en le considérant dans son ensemble et en versant au débat des données inédites provenant de la Mégara Hyblaea hellénistique. L’enquête montre notamment comment les populations de Sicile hellénistique ont amélioré leur confort et leur bien-être domestiques, au regard d’autres endroits de la Méditerranée. Cette tendance de fond se perçoit avec l’apparition dans les habitations siciliennes des premières latrines et salles de bains ainsi que par une ornementation croissante des salles dites « de réception ». Les plans des habitations ont évolué de pair avec ces nouveaux aménagements : ainsi voit-on apparaître à côté des habitats traditionnels « à cour centrale » de nouvelles planimétries telles que les cours à péristyle et les plans « à deux cours ». L’urbanisme des villes de Sicile hellénistique, c’est-à-dire l’organisation planifiée de l’espace urbain, a moins connu ces innovations et présente le plus souvent une nette continuité avec des principes édictés à l’époque classique, voire archaïque. L’ensemble des données archéologiques ainsi revues et remises en perspectives permet de réfléchir à une nouvelle approche de la Sicile aux IVe et IIIe siècles av. J.-C. C’est par cet état des connaissances et ces réflexions que le présent livre entend proposer sa contribution à l’étude du fait urbain en Sicile hellénistique.
    Keywords: Megara Hyblaea ; archaeology ; Greek Southern Italy ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NK Archaeology
    Language: French
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