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  • Seismicity
  • 2020-2022  (4)
  • 1945-1949  (21)
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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: Since the 14th century, moderate seismic activity with 14 earthquakes of magnitude MW≥5.0 occurred in Western Europe in a region extending from the Lower Rhine Graben (LRG) to the southern North Sea. In this paper, we investigate how well this seismic activity could reflect that of the future. The observed earthquake activity in the LRG is continuous and concentrates on the Quaternary normal faults delimiting the LRG, which are also the source of large surface rupturing Holocene and Late Pleistocene earthquakes. The estimated magnitudes of these past earthquakes range from 6.3±0.3 to 7.0±0.3 while their average recurrence on individual faults varies from ten thousand to a few ten thousand years, which makes foreseeing future activity over the long-term possible. Three of the largest historical earthquakes with MW≥5.5 occurred outside the LRG. Late Quaternary activity along the fault zones suspected to be the source of two of these earthquakes, i.e. the 1580 Strait of Dover and 1692 northern Belgian Ardennes earthquakes, is very elusive if it exists. Hence, similar earthquakes would be very infrequent at these locations suggesting that the seismicity outside of the LRG would be episodic and clustered on some faults during periods of a few hundreds of years interrupted by long periods of inactivity typically lasting for some tens to hundreds of thousand years. Seismic moment release estimation and its comparison between recent geological and historical seismicity periods lead us to suggest that the high seismicity level observed between AD 1350 and AD 1700 west of the LRG would be uncommon.
    Description: research
    Keywords: 551.22 ; 550 ; e-docs::Geophysik ; Seismicity ; Earthquake ; Fault zone ; Historical earthquake ; Holocene ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: English
    Type: article_first
    Format: 20
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2021-02-12
    Description: This report summarizes the seismicity in Switzerland and surrounding regions in the years 2017 and 2018. In 2017 and 2018, the Swiss Seismological Service detected and located 1227 and 955 earthquakes in the region under considera- tion, respectively. The strongest event in the analysed period was the ML 4.6 Urnerboden earthquake, which occurred in the border region of cantons Uri, Glarus and Schwyz on March 6, 2017. The event was the strongest earthquake within Switzerland since the ML 5.0 Vaz earthquake of 1991. Associated ground motions indicating intensity IV were reported in a radius up to about 50 km and locally approached intensity VI in the region close to the epicentre. Derived focal mechanisms and relative hypocentre relocations of the immediate aftershocks image a NNW–SSE striking sinistral strike-slip fault. Together with other past events in this region, the Urnerboden earthquake suggests the existence of a system of sub-parallel strike-slip faults, likely within in the uppermost crystalline basement of the eastern Aar Massif. A vigorous earthquake sequence occurred close to Château-d’Oex in the Préalpes-Romandes region in western Switzer- land. With a magnitude of ML 4.3, the strongest earthquake of the sequence occurred on July 1, 2017. Focal mechanism and relative relocations of fore- and aftershocks image a NNE dipping normal fault in about 4 km depth. Two similarly oriented shallow normal-fault events occurred between subalpine Molasse and Préalpes units close to Châtel-St-Denis and St. Silvester in 2017/18. Together, these events indicate a domain of NE–SW oriented extensional to transtensional deformation along the Alpine Front between Lake Geneva in the west and the Fribourg Fault in the east. The structural complexity of the Fribourg Fault is revealed by an ML 2.9 earthquake near Tafers in 2018. The event images a NW–SE striking fault segment within the crystalline basement, which might be related to the Fribourg Fault Zone. Finally, the ML 2.8 Grenchen earthquake of 2017 provides a rare example of shallow thrust faulting along the Jura fold-and-thrust belt, indicating contraction in the northwestern Alpine foreland of Switzerland.
    Description: Published
    Description: id 4
    Description: 4T. Sismicità dell'Italia
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: Seismicity ; Focal mechanisms ; Seismotectonics ; Urnerboden ; Aar Massif ; Château-d’oex ; Préalpes ; Fribourg ; Jura fold-and-thrust belt ; 04.06. Seismology
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2020-12-18
    Description: probably confirm this opinion, with qualifica ons. Historical earthquake catalogues, up to CPTI11 [Rovida et al., 2011], report only one Mw 5.1 event on 13 November 1948: it was located in the Sardinian Sea, and had very modest effects on land. In later decades, the seismic networks did record very few earthquakes of moderate energy (Mw 〈5), mostly located off-shore, either south-east of Cagliari or west of Olbia or in the Sea of Sardinia. The most recent ones (occurred in 2000, 2004 and 2006) had very slight effects on the island. Given the low level of instrumental seismicity and the weak macroseismic effects of known historical earthquakes, Sardinia's seismic risk is perceived as very low. The low seismicity of the region certainly has a geological explana on, given that the Corsica-Sardinia block is among the most stable areas of the Mediterranean basin. “Low”, however, does not mean “non- existent”: recent historical research has improved knowledge on the major known historical earthquake of Sardinia (it occurred on June 4, 1616 and was responsible for minor but widespread damage to the system of coastal watchtowers, south-west of Cagliari) and rediscovered several minor earthquakes, part of which were known to the seismological tradi on but had been almost completely forgo en. This paper collects all the documenta on available at present on the seismic history of Sardinia.
    Description: Published
    Description: 1-160
    Description: 4T. Sismicità dell'Italia
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: Sardinia ; Seismicity ; Seismic history ; Historical Earthquakes ; Historical seismology ; 04.06. Seismology
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2020-12-15
    Description: Empirical scaling relationships between fault or slip dimensions and earthquake magnitudes are often used to assess the maximum possible earthquake magnitude of a territory. Upon the assumption of the reactivability of any fault, the earthquake magnitudes derived from the surface fault length (FLEM) are compared at the national scale in Italy against catalogued magnitudes. FLEMs are obtained by considering a comprehensive fault dataset regardless of fault age, stress field orientation, strain rate, etc. In particular, (1) a comprehensive catalogue of all known faults is compiled by merging the most complete databases available; (2) FLEM is then derived from fault length; and (3) the resulting FLEMs are compared (i.e. the mathematical difference) with catalogued earthquake magnitudes. Results show that the largest FLEMs as well as the largest differences between FLEMs and catalogued magnitudes are observed for poorly constrained faults, mainly inferred from subsurface data. It is suggested that these areas have to be further characterized to better estimate fault dimension and segmentation and hence properly assess the FLEM. Where, in contrast, the knowledge of faults is geologically well constrained, the calculated FLEM is often consistent with the catalogued seismicity, with the 2 value of the distribution of differences being 1.47 and reducing to 0.53 when considering only the Mw 6:5 earthquakes. Our work highlights areas, in Italy, where further detailed studies on faults are required.
    Description: Published
    Description: 1555–1579
    Description: 4T. Sismicità dell'Italia
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: Italy ; Seismicity ; Itaalian seismicity
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 5
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    In:  Bull. Seism. Soc. Am., Luxembourg, Conseil de l'Europe, vol. 35, no. 4, pp. 175-192, pp. 1972, (ISBN: 0-12-018847-3)
    Publication Date: 1945
    Keywords: Seismicity ; Induced seismicity ; artificial ; lake ; BSSA
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  • 6
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    In:  Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., Milano, California Institute of Technology Pasadena, vol. 58, no. 6, pp. 1252, pp. L24306, (ISBN: 0534351875, 2nd edition)
    Publication Date: 1947
    Keywords: Seismicity
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  • 7
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    In:  Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., Milano, California Institute of Technology Pasadena, vol. 1266, no. 6, pp. 1252, pp. L24306, (ISBN: 0534351875, 2nd edition)
    Publication Date: 1947
    Keywords: Seismology ; Energy (of earthquakes) ; Seismicity
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  • 8
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    California Institute of Technology Pasadena
    In:  Seismological Laboratory Bulletin, Pasadena, California Institute of Technology Pasadena, vol. 1947, no. 6, pp. 126, pp. L24306, (ISBN: 0534351875, 2nd edition)
    Publication Date: 1948
    Keywords: Seismology ; Earthquake catalog ; Seismicity
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  • 9
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    California Institute of Technology Pasadena
    In:  Seismological Laboratory Bulletin, Milano, California Institute of Technology Pasadena, vol. 1948, no. 6, pp. 129, pp. L24306, (ISBN: 0534351875, 2nd edition)
    Publication Date: 1949
    Keywords: Earthquake catalog ; Seismology ; Seismicity
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  • 10
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    California Institute of Technology Pasadena
    In:  Seismological Laboratory Bulletin, Milano, California Institute of Technology Pasadena, vol. 1945, no. 6, pp. 130, pp. L24306, (ISBN: 0534351875, 2nd edition)
    Publication Date: 1946
    Keywords: Seismology ; Earthquake catalog ; Seismicity
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