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  • Physics  (2,660)
  • 2020-2022  (1)
  • 1980-1984  (2,659)
  • 1
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    Can the history of the ether receive new boost from geosciences? (2020)
    Pavia University
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-02-10
    Description: A discussion of several kinds of ether as they can be inferred from Geosciences, and what the existence of the ether could imply for Physics and Cosmology. A tribute to the memory of my mentor Franco Selleri.
    Description: This article is written in honor of my mentor Franco Selleri who has helped to consolidate my awareness of the existence of a medium subtended to ordinary matter, and from which everything comes. From my field, the Earth Sciences, come clues converging on an important role of the ether in the geological evolution of Earth and planets, as well as all the structures of the universe. Paleogeographic reconstructions allow a rough quantitative evaluation of the amount of new ordinary matter that is added to the planet in the unity of time, and the consequent statement of some cosmological consequences and on the inner energy balance of the Earth. The concept of central flow of ether defended here is different from the Lorentian stationary ether, but the two concepts could be made compatible.
    Description: SISFA
    Description: Published
    Description: 307-316
    Description: 2TM. Divulgazione Scientifica
    Keywords: Expanding Earth ; History ; Geophysics ; Physics ; Ether flow ; Earth's inner heat balance ; Cosmology ; History and Philosophy of Science
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: book chapter
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    PAPER (OA)
  • 2
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    The National Science Foundation looks to the future (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-03-13
    Description: Great advances have been made in fundamental scientific research in recent years. The new knowledge gathered, in addition to deepening our understanding of the physical universe, contributes a range of abilities and opportunities to society that would not otherwise be available. Much research that may be called applied because it addresses needs of society is quite fundamental in character, and support of such research at the National Science Foundation is to be handled in tandem by the research directorates. Other areas that require a refocusing of support are engineering science and education, at all levels, in science and engineering. Increasing our strength in these areas is essential to achieve our national economic, social, and political goals. Steps are being taken by the National Science Foundation to make its structure better able to deal with engineering and applied research and to provide greater mutual reinforcement between applied and basic research.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Slaughter, J B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Mar 13;211(4487):1131-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7466384" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cell Biology ; Chemical Phenomena ; Chemistry ; *Forecasting ; Geological Phenomena ; Geology ; *Government Agencies ; Molecular Biology ; Neurochemistry ; Physical Phenomena ; Physics ; Research Support as Topic ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    PAPER CURRENT
  • 3
    Unknown
    Mathematical and conceptual foundations of 20th-century physics (1984)
    Amsterdam ; New York : North-Holland Pub. Co
    Details
    Keywords: DDC 530.1 ; LC QC20 ; Mathematical physics ; Physics ; Quantum theory ; Relativity (Physics)
    ISBN: 9780444875853
    URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/publication?issn=03040208&volume=100
    Language: English
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    E-BOOK
  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Glass transition in polyacrylonitrile: Analysis of dielectric relaxation data (1980)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Physics Edition 18 (1980), S. 1125-1136 
    Details
    ISSN: 0098-1273
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Dielectric relaxation of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) samples, in which the presence of an amorphous phase is evidenced by x-ray diffraction, has been studied over the temperature range 30-150°C and frequency range 102-105 Hz. These data as well as those reported by other authors, reveal several points useful to the understanding of the dielectric relaxations of PAN in relation to its structure. A glass transition in PAN is evidenced by at least two of the four data sets investigated; the third shows combined effect of two relaxations, whereas the fourth clearly shows a relaxation process different from the glass transition. The glass-transition behavior of the dielectric relaxation data is confirmed by Williams-Landel-Ferry theory and a recent theory of Phillips, both of which lead to consistent conclusions.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1980.180180516
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dependence of the conformational parameters of polyimides on the chemical structure of the chain (1980)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Physics Edition 18 (1980), S. 1175-1186 
    Details
    ISSN: 0098-1273
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The flexibility of some polyimide chains has been studied theoretically as a function of the chemical structure of the repeat unit. It has been shown that the thermodynamic flexibility can be varied over a wide range by the choice of the unit structure. For three polyimides, as an example, the flexibility of cyclochain structures approximates that for free rotation.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1980.180180602
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    High-temperature morphological transition in a styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer (1980)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Physics Edition 18 (1980), S. 1237-1242 
    Details
    ISSN: 0098-1273
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Electron microscopy reveals a high-temperature morphological transition in a styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer of 7000 polystyrene block molecular weight and 43,000 polybutadiene block molecular weight (7S-43B-7S). Samples quenched in liquid nitrogen from temperatures above 150°C show no structure, whereas those quenched from temperatures below 140°C clearly show a multiphase structure. We previously reported that the 7S-43B-7S polymer exhibits a relatively sharp melt rheological transition in the temperature region between 140 and 150°C from highly viscoelastic and nonlinear viscous behavior to linear viscous behavior with insignificant elasticity. The dynamic viscoelastic properties are measured at different strain amplitudes in this study, and the results show that the melt rheological transition behavior is not influenced by the strain amplitude. This study clearly shows that the melt rheological transition in the 7S-43B-7S results from a morphological transition from a multiphase structure below about 140°C to a single-phase structure above about 150°C.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1980.180180606
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Model of sorption of simple molecules in polymers (1980)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Physics Edition 18 (1980), S. 1103-1124 
    Details
    ISSN: 0098-1273
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: A model of simple molecule sorption in polymers is proposed which embraces both the glassy and rubbery regions, and incorporates the successful dual-mode model below the glass-transition temperature. Hole filling is shown to be an important sorption mechanism both above and below Tg, although saturation effects do not occur in the rubbery polymer. The model interprets the “dual-mode” Langmuir and Henry's law parameters at the molecular level, and a simple statistical mechanical analysis allows estimation of the parameter values, as well as specifying certain interrelationships between the parameters. Applications of the model to gas solubility data in five polymers are considered [polyethylene (PE), poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET), polystyrene (PS), polymethacrylate (PMA), poly(vinyl acetate) (PVAc)] and semiquantitative agreement is obtained for PE, PET, and to a lesser extent, PS. For PMA and PVAc, the agreement is qualitative only.
    Additional Material: 14 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1980.180180515
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Crystal orientation relaxation studies of polyethyleneSupported in part by grants from the National Science Foundation, the Army Research Office, and the Materials Research Laboratory of the University of Massachusetts. This research represents part of a cooperative program with Professor H. Kawai of Kyoto University supported jointly by the Office of International Programs of the National Science Foundation and the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science. (1980)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Physics Edition 18 (1980), S. 1065-1085 
    Details
    ISSN: 0098-1273
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Wide-angle x-ray relaxation studies were performed on films of low- and high-density polyethylene (PE). The samples were rapidly stretched by a pneumatic stretcher and held at a fixed length. The rate of crystal reorientation was monitored by measuring diffracted intensity changes using a count-rate meter with output displayed on a storage oscilloscope as well as a digital counter-timer. Experiments were completed at several temperatures and activation energies comparable to those reported for the α1 relaxation in PE were obtained.
    Additional Material: 18 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1980.180180513
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Model reactions for stereochemistry of Ziegler-Natta polymerization: Asymmetric hydroisomerization of α-olefins by chiral titanium tetra-alkoxides/tri-isobutyl aluminum catalytic systems (1980)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Chemistry Edition 18 (1980), S. 2129-2142 
    Details
    ISSN: 0360-6376
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Homogeneous catalytic systems based on optically active low-molecular-weight and macromolecular titanium alcoholates and tri-isobutyl aluminum were used in the isomerization and hydrogenation of chiral and prochiral olefins. The reactions performed in a nitrogen and hydrogen atmosphere show a different behavior in regard to reaction rate, composition of reaction mixture, and stereochemical control. The catalyst based on macromolecular titanium alcoholate displays lower activity and a varying influence on the stereochemical pathway with respect to the catalysts based on low- molecular-weight alcoholates. The data obtained in both cases strongly support the absence of a stereocontrol by the growing chain in the stereoelective polymerization of racemic α-olefins by Ziegler-Natta catalysts based on optically active precursors. Finally evidence is provided in favor of the intermediate step responsible for asymmetric isomerization which does not occur via η-allyl complex.
    Additional Material: 5 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1980.170180709
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stabilization at high temperatures (1980)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Chemistry Edition 18 (1980), S. 2461-2470 
    Details
    ISSN: 0360-6376
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A general detailed model of polymer oxidative degradation in the presence of a stabilizer-oxygen acceptor was considered. The motion of the degradation zone boundary and the sample lifetime were obtained for various conditions of the process. In particular, it is shown that within the given concentration immobile oxygen acceptor has the best stabilizing properties. The theoretical results are compared with the experimental data obtained by using two independent methods: polymer sample cracking and a change in the ESR signal. Good agreement between theory and experiment was obtained.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1980.170180805
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