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  • 2020-2024  (32,917)
  • 2022  (32,917)
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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2024-05-16
    Description: 〈jats:p〉Abstract. Boreal forests of Siberia play a relevant role in the global carbon cycle. However, global warming threatens the existence of summergreen larch-dominated ecosystems, likely enabling a transition to evergreen tree taxa with deeper active layers. Complex permafrost–vegetation interactions make it uncertain whether these ecosystems could develop into a carbon source rather than continuing atmospheric carbon sequestration under global warming. Consequently, shedding light on the role of current and future active layer dynamics and the feedbacks with the apparent tree species is crucial to predict boreal forest transition dynamics and thus for aboveground forest biomass and carbon stock developments. Hence, we established a coupled model version amalgamating a one-dimensional permafrost multilayer forest land-surface model (CryoGrid) with LAVESI, an individual-based and spatially explicit forest model for larch species (Larix Mill.), extended for this study by including other relevant Siberian forest species and explicit terrain. Following parameterization, we ran simulations with the coupled version to the near future to 2030 with a mild climate-warming scenario. We focus on three regions covering a gradient of summergreen forests in the east at Spasskaya Pad, mixed summergreen–evergreen forests close to Nyurba, and the warmest area at Lake Khamra in the southeast of Yakutia, Russia. Coupled simulations were run with the newly implemented boreal forest species and compared to runs allowing only one species at a time, as well as to simulations using just LAVESI. Results reveal that the coupled version corrects for overestimation of active layer thickness (ALT) and soil moisture, and large differences in established forests are simulated. We conclude that the coupled version can simulate the complex environment of eastern Siberia by reproducing vegetation patterns, making it an excellent tool to disentangle processes driving boreal forest dynamics. 〈/jats:p〉
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , NonPeerReviewed
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2024-05-16
    Description: The anthropogenic emissions of CO2 and other climate-active gases lead to a steep increase of global temperatures. Global climate change is particularly amplified in the Arctic (e.g., Serreze et al., 2009; Serreze and Barry, 2011). Increasing temperatures and the rapid sea ice decline have shown profound effects on life in the Arctic ecosystem (Wassmann et al., 2011). Climate model predictions suggest a seasonally sea ice-free Arctic well before the first half of this century (Overland and Wang, 2013; Docquier and Koenigk, 2021). The composition, structure and function of the Arctic microbiome will be altered with distinct effects on the marine system, on primary productivity, carbon fluxes and food web structures. Changes in the composition and structure of primary producers were already observed in Fram Strait (Nöthig et al., 2015), the boundary and highly dynamic zone between the Atlantic and the Arctic Ocean. These changes were reflected in the export flux of particulate organic matter (Lalande et al., 2013), also observable in the benthic communities (Jacob, 2014). Thus, understanding how the microbial communities changed over time under different environmental conditions is a scientific task needed to assess future changes in the Arctic ecosystem. This thesis aimed to understand the composition, distribution and function of bacteria, archaea and eukaryotic communities in Fram Strait across different spatial and temporal scales and their relationship with environmental variables. The overall objective was to identify signature groups and key factors of change, to provide a baseline to the effects of climate change and sea ice retreat. It provides a comprehensive overview of the Arctic microbiome by the incorporation of seawater, sinking particles and sea ice samples to identify key microbial indicators of change and environmental drivers in these communities. Samples were obtained in the frame work of the Long-Term Ecological Research (LTER) site HAUSGARTEN and the FRontiers in Marine Monitoring (FRAM) program. The results of Chapter I and Chapter II highlight the usage of methods free of compositional- bias and meta’omics approaches necessary to understand the role of microbial communities. The observations in Chapter I revealed that different water masses characterized by different physicochemical conditions harboured different active microbial communities. A late phytoplankton bloom dominated by diatoms in the surface waters of the eastern Fram Strait was identified, where members of the Bacteroidetes, Alteromonadales, Oceanospirillales and Rhodobacterales were significantly active. Abundant transcripts of transporters and fundamental cellular functions supported the degradation of organic matter. The deeper waters of Atlantic origin were marked by strong chemolithotrophic activities by members of Thaumarchaeota. In Chapter II I analysed bacterial and archaeal groups in deep-sea waters that benefitted from a phytoplankton bloom at the surface. Chapter III studied the development of microbial composition of sinking particles using a 12-year time-series study. The presence of sea ice and the passing warm anomaly were the drivers of change in these communities. In Chapter IV, microcosm experiments revealed bacterial taxa that responded to eukaryotes and substrates sourced from the sea ice during sea ice melt in seawater. Altogether, the results of this thesis provide baseline knowledge to better assess the effects of climate change on the Arctic microbiome and the consequences for ecosystem functioning and carbon cycling.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Thesis , notRev
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2024-05-16
    Keywords: Calcidiscus leptoporus; Calcidiscus leptoporus, flux; Carbon, inorganic, particulate; coccolith-CaCO₃; Coccolithophores; Coccolithophoridae carbon, flux; Coccoliths, other; Coccoliths, total; DATE/TIME; Date/time end; Date/time start; Emiliania huxleyi; Emiliania huxleyi, flux; Florisphaera profunda; Florisphaera profunda, flux; Gephyrocapsa ericsonii; Gephyrocapsa ericsonii, flux; Gephyrocapsa muellerae; Gephyrocapsa muellerae, flux; Gephyrocapsa oceanica; Gephyrocapsa oceanica, flux; Gladiolithus flabellatus; Gladiolithus flabellatus, flux; Helicosphaera spp.; Helicosphaera spp., flux; M4U; M89; M89_1544_M4-4_U; Meteor (1986); particle fluxes; PIC/POC; Reticulofenestra sessilis; Reticulofenestra sessilis, flux; Rhabdosphaera spp.; Rhabdosphaera spp., flux; Sample code/label; Season; Sediment traps; South Atlantic Ocean; Sum; TRAFFIC; Trap, sediment; TRAPS; Trophic Transfer Efficiency in the Benguela Current; Tropical North Atlantic; Umbellosphaera spp.; Umbellosphaera spp., flux; Umbilicosphaera spp.; Umbilicosphaera spp., flux
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 1035 data points
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2024-05-16
    Keywords: Calcidiscus leptoporus; Calcidiscus leptoporus, flux; Carbon, inorganic, particulate; coccolith-CaCO₃; Coccolithophores; Coccolithophoridae carbon, flux; Coccoliths, other; Coccoliths, total; DATE/TIME; Date/time end; Date/time start; Emiliania huxleyi; Emiliania huxleyi, flux; Florisphaera profunda; Florisphaera profunda, flux; Gephyrocapsa ericsonii; Gephyrocapsa ericsonii, flux; Gephyrocapsa muellerae; Gephyrocapsa muellerae, flux; Gephyrocapsa oceanica; Gephyrocapsa oceanica, flux; Gladiolithus flabellatus; Gladiolithus flabellatus, flux; Helicosphaera spp.; Helicosphaera spp., flux; M2U; M89; M89_1532_M2-3_U; Meteor (1986); particle fluxes; PIC/POC; Reticulofenestra sessilis; Reticulofenestra sessilis, flux; Rhabdosphaera spp.; Rhabdosphaera spp., flux; Sample code/label; Season; Sediment traps; South Atlantic Ocean; Sum; TRAFFIC; Trap, sediment; TRAPS; Trophic Transfer Efficiency in the Benguela Current; Tropical North Atlantic; Umbellosphaera spp.; Umbellosphaera spp., flux; Umbilicosphaera spp.; Umbilicosphaera spp., flux
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 1034 data points
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2024-05-16
    Keywords: Prosome, length; Prosome length, standard deviation; Species; TRAFFIC; Trophic Transfer Efficiency in the Benguela Current
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 561 data points
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2024-05-16
    Keywords: Comment; Date/Time of event; Depth, bottom/max; Depth, top/min; DEPTH, water; Dry mass per individual; Elevation of event; Event label; experiment; Experiment; Individual respiration rate; Latitude of event; Life stage; Longitude of event; M153; M153_11-4; M153_12-4; M153_13-4; M153_14-4; M153_17-5; M153_18-15; M153_18-18; M153_18-5; M153_18-7; M153_24-6; M153_25-6; M153_31-3; M153_33-3; M153_34-6; M153_35-14; M153_35-6; M153_37-5; M153_38-5; M153_39-23; M153_40-6; M153_40-7; M153_43-4; M153_44-4; M153_45-4; M153_49-2; M153_7-16; M153_7-5; M153_8-4; M153_9-3; Meteor (1986); MSN; Multiple opening/closing net; Respiration rate, oxygen, per dry mass; Sample ID; Species; Station label; Temperature, water; TRAFFIC; Trophic Transfer Efficiency in the Benguela Current
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 1690 data points
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2024-05-16
    Keywords: Acartia, c1-c3, ingestion rate of carbon; Acartia, c4-c5, ingestion rate of carbon; Acartia, female, ingestion rate of carbon; Acartia, male, ingestion rate of carbon; Aetideidae, c1-c3, ingestion rate of carbon; Aetideidae, c4-c5, ingestion rate of carbon; Aetideopsis, c4-c5, ingestion rate of carbon; Aetideus, c4-c5, ingestion rate of carbon; Aetideus, male, ingestion rate of carbon; Aetideus armatus, female, ingestion rate of carbon; Aetideus giesbrechti, female, ingestion rate of carbon; Amallothrix, female, ingestion rate of carbon; Augaptilidae, c1-c3, ingestion rate of carbon; Calanidae, c1-c3, ingestion rate of carbon; Calanoida, biomass as dry weight; Calanoida, ingestion rate of carbon; Calanoida, total; Calanoides natalis, c4-c5, ingestion rate of carbon; Calanoides natalis, female, ingestion rate of carbon; Calanoides natalis, male, ingestion rate of carbon; Calanus agulhensis, c4-c5, ingestion rate of carbon; Calanus agulhensis, female, ingestion rate of carbon; Calanus agulhensis, male, ingestion rate of carbon; Calculated; Candacia, c1-c3, ingestion rate of carbon; Candacia, c4c5, ingestion rate of carbon; Candacia bipinnata, female , ingestion rate of carbon; Candacia curta, female, ingestion rate of carbon; Candacia curta, male, ingestion rate of carbon; Candacia sp., female, ingestion rate of carbon; Centropages brachiatus, c1-c3, ingestion rate of carbon; Centropages brachiatus, c4-c5, ingestion rate of carbon; Centropages brachiatus, female, ingestion rate of carbon; Centropages brachiatus, male, ingestion rate of carbon; Centropages bradyi, c1-c3, ingestion rate of carbon; Centropages bradyi, c4-c5, ingestion rate of carbon; Chiridius gracilis, c4-c5, ingestion rate of carbon; Chiridius gracilis, female, ingestion rate of carbon; Clausocalanidae, ingestion rate of carbon; Comment; Cyclopoida, biomass as dry weight; Cyclopoida, ingestion rate of carbon; Cyclopoida, total; Date/Time of event; Depth, bottom/max; Depth, top/min; DEPTH, water; Elevation of event; Euaugaptilus palumboi, c4-c5, ingestion rate of carbon; Euaugaptilus palumboi, female, ingestion rate of carbon; Eucalanus hyalinus, female, ingestion rate of carbon; Eucalanus hyalinus, male, ingestion rate of carbon; Euchaeta, c1-c3, ingestion rate of carbon; Euchaeta, c4-c5, ingestion rate of carbon; Euchaeta acuta, female, ingestion rate of carbon; Euchaeta acuta, male, ingestion rate of carbon; Euchaeta marina, female, ingestion rate of carbon; Euchaeta media, female, ingestion rate of carbon; Euchaeta sp., male, ingestion rate of carbon; Euchirella rostrata, c4-c5, ingestion rate of carbon; Euchirella sp., c1-c3, ingestion rate of carbon; Euchirella sp., c4-c5, ingestion rate of carbon; Event label; Gaetanus brevispinus, male, ingestion rate of carbon; Gaetanus cf. minor, c1-c3, ingestion rate of carbon; Gaetanus cf. minor, c4-c5, ingestion rate of carbon; Gaetanus sp., c4-c5, ingestion rate of carbon; Gaetanus spp., c1-c3, ingestion rate of carbon; Haloptilus longicornis, c1-c3, ingestion rate of carbon; Haloptilus longicornis, c4-c5, ingestion rate of carbon; Haloptilus longicornis, female, ingestion rate of carbon; Haloptilus oxycephalus, female, ingestion rate of carbon; Heterorhabdus spp., c1-c3, ingestion rate of carbon; Heterorhabdus spp., c4-c5, ingestion rate of carbon; Heterorhabdus spp., female, ingestion rate of carbon; Heterorhabdus spp., male, ingestion rate of carbon; Labidocera acuta, female, ingestion rate of carbon; Latitude of event; Longitude of event; Lophothrix frontalis, c4-c5, ingestion rate of carbon; Lophothrix latipes, female, ingestion rate of carbon; Lucicutia, maleagna, female, ingestion rate of carbon; Lucicutia clausii, c4-c5, ingestion rate of carbon; Lucicutia clausii, female, ingestion rate of carbon; Lucicutia clausii, male, ingestion rate of carbon; Lucicutia gaussae, female, ingestion rate of carbon; Lucicutia ovalis, male, ingestion rate of carbon; Lucicutia spp., c1-c3, ingestion rate of carbon; Lucicutia spp., c4-c5, ingestion rate of carbon; Lucicutia spp., female, ingestion rate of carbon; Lucicutia spp., male, ingestion rate of carbon; M153; M153_11-4; M153_12-4; M153_18-15; M153_6-4; M153_7-5; M153_8-4; M153_9-3; Mesocalanus tenuicornis, c1-c3, ingestion rate of carbon; Mesocalanus tenuicornis, c4-c5, ingestion rate of carbon; Mesocalanus tenuicornis, female, ingestion rate of carbon; Mesocalanus tenuicornis, male, ingestion rate of carbon; Meteor (1986); Metridia brevicauda, c4-c5, ingestion rate of carbon; Metridia brevicauda, female, ingestion rate of carbon; Metridia brevicauda, male, ingestion rate of carbon; Metridia effusa, c4-c5, ingestion rate of carbon; Metridia effusa, female, ingestion rate of carbon; Metridia effusa, male, ingestion rate of carbon; Metridia lucens, c4-c5, ingestion rate of carbon; Metridia lucens, female, ingestion rate of carbon; Metridia lucens, male, ingestion rate of carbon; Metridia venusta, c4-c5, ingestion rate of carbon; Metridia venusta, female, ingestion rate of carbon; Metridia venusta, male, ingestion rate of carbon; Metridinidae, c1-c3, ingestion rate of carbon; Monacilla sp., male, ingestion rate of carbon; MSN; Multiple opening/closing net; Nannocalanus, minor, c4-c5, ingestion rate of carbon; Nannocalanus, minor, female, ingestion rate of carbon; Nannocalanus, minor, male, ingestion rate of carbon; Neocalanus gracilis, c1-c3, ingestion rate of carbon; Neocalanus gracilis, c4-c5, ingestion rate of carbon; Neocalanus gracilis, female, ingestion rate of carbon; Neocalanus gracilis, male, ingestion rate of carbon; Nullosetigera helgae, female, ingestion rate of carbon; Nullosetigera impar, female, ingestion rate of carbon; Nullosetigera spp., c4-c5, ingestion rate of carbon; Oithona, ingestion rate of carbon; Oncaeidae, ingestion rate of carbon; Pareucalanus sp., c1-c3, ingestion rate of carbon; Pareucalanus sp., c4-c5, ingestion rate of carbon; Pleuromamma abdominalis, c1-c3, ingestion rate of carbon; Pleuromamma abdominalis, c4-c5, ingestion rate of carbon; Pleuromamma abdominalis, female, ingestion rate of carbon; Pleuromamma abdominalis, male, ingestion rate of carbon; Pleuromamma quadrungulata, c1-c3, ingestion rate of carbon; Pleuromamma quadrungulata, c4-c5, ingestion rate of carbon; Pleuromamma quadrungulata, female, ingestion rate of carbon; Pleuromamma quadrungulata, male, ingestion rate of carbon; Pleuromamma robusta, c4-c5, ingestion rate of carbon; Pleuromamma robusta, male, ingestion rate of carbon; Pleuromamma spp. small, c4-c5, ingestion rate of carbon; Pleuromamma spp. small, female, ingestion rate of carbon; Pleuromamma spp. small, male, ingestion rate of carbon; Pleuromamma xiphias, c4-c5, ingestion rate of carbon; Pleuromamma xiphias, female, ingestion rate of carbon; Pleuromamma xiphias, male, ingestion rate of carbon; Pseudoamallothrix sp., c4-c5, ingestion rate of carbon; Pseudoamallothrix sp., female, ingestion rate of carbon; Pseudochirella sp., c4-c5, ingestion rate of carbon; Rhincalanus cornutus, c4-c5, ingestion rate of carbon; Rhincalanus cornutus, female, ingestion rate of carbon; Rhincalanus nasutus, c1-c3, ingestion rate of carbon; Rhincalanus nasutus, c4-c5, ingestion rate of carbon; Rhincalanus nasutus, female, ingestion rate of carbon; Rhincalanus nasutus, male, ingestion rate of carbon; Scaphocalanus curtus, female, ingestion rate of carbon; Scaphocalanus spp., c1-c3, ingestion rate of carbon; Scaphocalanus spp., c4-c5, ingestion rate of carbon; Scaphocalanus spp., female, ingestion rate of carbon; Scaphocalanus spp., male, ingestion rate of carbon; Scolecithricella spp., c1-c3, ingestion rate of carbon; Scolecithricella spp., c4-c5, ingestion rate of carbon; Scolecithricella spp., female, ingestion rate of carbon; Scolecithricella spp., male, ingestion rate of carbon; Scolecithrix bradyi, c4-c5, ingestion rate of carbon; Scolecithrix bradyi, female, ingestion rate of carbon; Scolecithrix bradyi, male, ingestion rate of carbon; Scolecithrix
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 4725 data points
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2024-05-16
    Keywords: Calcidiscus leptoporus; Calcidiscus leptoporus, flux; Calciosolenia spp.; Calciosolenia spp., flux; coccolithophore; DATE/TIME; Date/time end; Date/time start; export fluxes; Gephyrocapsa ericsonii; Gephyrocapsa ericsonii, flux; M2U; M89; M89_1532_M2-3_U; Meteor (1986); Mixed layer depth; Month; Sample code/label; Season; South Atlantic Ocean; Syracosphaera spp.; Syracosphaera spp., flux; TRAFFIC; Trap, sediment; TRAPS; Trophic Transfer Efficiency in the Benguela Current; western tropical North Atlantic
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 324 data points
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2024-05-16
    Keywords: 13M1; 64PE378_13M1-3; Calcidiscus leptoporus; Calcidiscus leptoporus, flux; Calciosolenia spp.; Calciosolenia spp., flux; Chlorophyll a; coccolithophore; Coccolithophoridae cell, flux; Coccoliths, other; Coccoliths, total; DATE/TIME; Date/time end; Date/time start; DEPTH, water; Emiliania huxleyi; Emiliania huxleyi, flux; export fluxes; Florisphaera profunda; Florisphaera profunda, flux; Gephyrocapsa ericsonii; Gephyrocapsa ericsonii, flux; Gephyrocapsa muellerae; Gephyrocapsa muellerae, flux; Gephyrocapsa oceanica; Gephyrocapsa oceanica, flux; Gladiolithus flabellatus; Gladiolithus flabellatus, flux; Helicosphaera spp.; Helicosphaera spp., flux; Mixed layer depth; Month; Mooring (long time); MOORY; Precipitation; Reticulofenestra sessilis; Reticulofenestra sessilis, flux; Rhabdosphaera spp.; Rhabdosphaera spp., flux; Sample code/label; Season; Sea surface temperature; South Atlantic Ocean; Syracosphaera spp.; Syracosphaera spp., flux; TRAFFIC; Trophic Transfer Efficiency in the Benguela Current; Umbellosphaera spp.; Umbellosphaera spp., flux; Umbilicosphaera spp.; Umbilicosphaera spp., flux; western tropical North Atlantic; Wind speed
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 1007 data points
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2024-05-16
    Keywords: Calcidiscus leptoporus; Calcidiscus leptoporus, flux; Calciosolenia spp.; Calciosolenia spp., flux; coccolithophore; DATE/TIME; Date/time end; Date/time start; export fluxes; Gephyrocapsa ericsonii; Gephyrocapsa ericsonii, flux; M4U; M89; M89_1544_M4-4_U; Meteor (1986); Mixed layer depth; Month; Sample code/label; Season; South Atlantic Ocean; Syracosphaera spp.; Syracosphaera spp., flux; TRAFFIC; Trap, sediment; TRAPS; Trophic Transfer Efficiency in the Benguela Current; western tropical North Atlantic
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 324 data points
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