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  • American Physical Society (APS)
  • International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
  • 1990-1994  (1.437)
  • 1955-1959
  • 1994  (1.437)
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Verlag/Herausgeber
Erscheinungszeitraum
  • 1990-1994  (1.437)
  • 1955-1959
Jahr
  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Editorial (1994)
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Applied crystallography online 27 (1994), S. 1-1 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5767
    Quelle: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Thema: Geologie und Paläontologie , Physik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0021889893011720
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Standard stereographic diagrams and indexing of X-ray Laue diffraction spots of an icosahedral quasicrystal (1994)
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Applied crystallography online 27 (1994), S. 13-19 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5767
    Quelle: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Thema: Geologie und Paläontologie , Physik
    Notizen: White-beam synchrotron-radiation X-ray topographs of the Al62Cu25.5Fe12.5 icosahedral quasicrystal (IQC) have been taken for different specimen orientations. Standard stereographic projection diagrams along the two-, three-, and fivefold zone axes of the IQC have been calculated by the cut-and-projection method. The total structure factor S(g||) has been calculated with the simple lattice model for each reciprocal vector g|| with indices ni* lying in the range −8 ≤ ni* ≤ 8 and reflections with the highest S(g||) values have been selected to simulate the geometric distribution of the Laue spots for a given incident-beam direction. On the basis of standard diagrams of simulated Laue patterns, all the strong diffraction spots have been indexed successfully. For the specific experimental arrangement and the characteristics of the synchrotron-radiation source, the mean intensities of the diffraction spots have been calculated and are in agreement with the experimental ones.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0021889894099589
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Small-angle X-ray scattering of systems with inhomogeneous particles (1994)
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Applied crystallography online 27 (1994), S. 20-24 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5767
    Quelle: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Thema: Geologie und Paläontologie , Physik
    Notizen: Stabilization procedures are used to deduce the distance distribution function p(r) for the specific case of inhomogeneous particles where the scattering curve I(q) is dominated by a peak resulting from the particle form factor. The system sodium dodecyl sulfate (SLS)/water micellar solution is studied by small-angle X-ray scattering for low concentrations (up to 9 wt% of SLS). Subsequent computation of the electron-density distribution ρ(r) from the function p(r) confirms the existence of micellar anisometry, which is also deduced from Dmax values. The modelling of ρ(r) by two- and three-step functions is discussed; both give reasonable agreement with the p(r) function.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0021889893006247
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A consistent formalism for partial structure functions (1994)
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Applied crystallography online 27 (1994), S. 25-28 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5767
    Quelle: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Thema: Geologie und Paläontologie , Physik
    Notizen: The structure of an amorphous binary system can be described by three partial structure functions and their Fourier transforms relating to the atomic interactions. The experimental total function is the weighted sum of the partials. Two different formalisms, the Faber–Ziman and Ashcroft–Langreth, are generally applied for expressing the weights. This paper suggests a third formalism, created by taking into consideration the physically established features of both of the other formalisms. It is free from the difficulties that may arise when these formalisms are used.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0021889893006284
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    High-resolution electron-microscopic studies of the polymorphs in Ag2±δSe films (1994)
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Applied crystallography online 27 (1994), S. 140-145 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5767
    Quelle: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Thema: Geologie und Paläontologie , Physik
    Notizen: The polymorphs that appear in the low-temperature phase of silver selenide have been studied by high-resolution electron microscopy. The specimen films are intentionally prepared with excess silver or selenium over stoichiometric composition by flash evaporation, as depositing carbon films on both sides of the specimen films to protect them from selenium sublimation and to maintain the composition throughout the heat treatment. It is shown that four different types of low-temperature phase exist: tetragonal (a = 6.98, c = 4.96 Å) for a metastable phase only formed with a small grain size of less than 50 nm; face-centred cubic (a = 10.9 Å) for a non-stoichiometric phase with excess silver; monoclinic (a = 7.05, b = 8.17, c = 4.34 Å, α = 101.0°) for a non-stoichiometric phase with excess selenium; and orthorhombic (a = 7.05, b = 7.82, c = 4.34 Å) for the stoichiometric stable phase. The topotactic relations between the orthorhombic and monoclinic types are found to be fully coherent, having the same a and c lattice parameters.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0021889893009094
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New methods for alignment of instrumentation for residual-stress measurements by means of neutron diffraction (1994)
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Applied crystallography online 27 (1994), S. 164-176 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5767
    Quelle: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Thema: Geologie und Paläontologie , Physik
    Notizen: Adequate alignment of instrumentation and specimens is imperative for the successful performance of residual-stress measurements by means of neutron diffraction. This paper presents a number of alignment methods that enable the user to align reproducibly a stress-measurement setup and a specimen positioned therein. Most of these methods employ the position and the direction of the incident neutron beam as their primary source of geometric reference. A mathematical description for each of the proposed alignment steps is given, which makes the alignment quantitative and enables quantitative assessment of the alignment quality after each alignment step. Examples from actual practice show that the alignment quality that can be achieved using these methods is better than 0.05 mm for translations and better than 0.05° for rotations.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0021889893007605
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Remarks on four-circle angle calculations for surface diffraction (1994)
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Applied crystallography online 27 (1994), S. 195-197 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5767
    Quelle: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Thema: Geologie und Paläontologie , Physik
    Notizen: Corrections are presented to the angle calculations in surface diffraction [Mochrie (1988). J. Appl. Cryst. 21, 1–3] based on ψ rotation for four-circle diffractometers (Philips PW1100, Seifert XRD3000-S).
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0021889893011057
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Two open-flow cryostats for macromolecular crystallography (1994)
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Applied crystallography online 27 (1994), S. 133-139 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5767
    Quelle: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Thema: Geologie und Paläontologie , Physik
    Notizen: Two open-flow cryostats for macromolecular crystallographic studies, which make it possible to freeze macromolecular crystals very rapidly and maintain them for long periods of time at reduced temperatures, have been constructed. Both systems avoid the use of opaque shrouds and hence permit monitoring of the optical properties of protein crystals at all temperatures. The first uses a cold-gas stream derived from boil-off of liquid nitrogen, with a surrounding warm-gas stream, and covers a temperature range of 80 K to room temperatures. The second uses a cold-gas stream derived from boil-off of either liquid helium or liquid nitrogen to cover a temperature range of 10 to 70 K or above 80 K, respectively. Special care has been taken to make it possible to switch back and forth between the two cryogenic liquids in routine operation. The temperature stability of the cold-gas stream is ±0.5 K, which is achieved by controlling both the flow rate of the gas stream and the power of a heater within the cold-gas stream prior to its exit from the nozzle. The liquid helium consumption is less than 21 h−1 at a working temperature of 40 K.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0021889893008519
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    High-resolution diffraction at synchrotron sources: correction for counting losses (1994)
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Applied crystallography online 27 (1994), S. 159-163 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5767
    Quelle: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Thema: Geologie und Paläontologie , Physik
    Notizen: The operating schedules of synchrotron sources encourage relatively rapid data collection. Consequently, very high count rates may be met in powder diffraction experiments and high-resolution single-crystal studies. A rigorous treatment of the losses due to pulse pile-up is given, as well as a discussion of possible losses due to windowing. The code for a simple correction algorithm is provided and used to illustrate the effect of losses on the intensities of two of the reflections in the powder spectrum of cimetidine.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0021889893014141
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Structure of electrified interfaces edited by J. Lipkowski and P. N. Ross (1994)
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Applied crystallography online 27 (1994), S. 131-132 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5767
    Quelle: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Thema: Geologie und Paläontologie , Physik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0021889893011410
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