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  • Biochemistry and Biotechnology  (589)
  • 1985-1989  (589)
  • 1988  (589)
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  • 1985-1989  (589)
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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The effects of cation competition on metal adsorption by Rhizopus arrhizus biomass (1988)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 31 (1988), S. 282-286 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260310315
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Selection of thermotolerant yeast strains for simultaneous saccharification and fermentation of cellulose (1988)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 31 (1988), S. 300-303 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: A total of 58 yeast strains from 12 genera were assayed for their ability to grow and ferment carbohydrates in standard Durham tube test at 40, 43, and 46°C. Based on the kinetic parameters for glucose fermentation in shaken flask cultures, the strain Fabospora fragilis CCY51-1-1 was chosen for further studies. It reached about 56.0 and 35.0 g ethanol/L from ∼140 g glucose/L at 43 and 46°C in less than 48 h, respectively. Trichoderma reesei cellulase preparation (400 FPU/L) had not distinct effect on the ethanol yield and biomass production by the selected strain in the first 12 h fermentation at 46°C. Later a negligible decrease in both yields was observed. It was found that Fabospora fragilis did not grow or produce ethanol at 46°C as tho initial ethanol concentration overcame 40 g/L.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260310404
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Chemical stabilization of glucoamylase from Aspergillus niger against thermal inactivation (1988)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 31 (1988), S. 267-277 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: The applicability of crosslinking an enzyme to an oxidized polysaccharide by reductive alkylation to enhance thermostability has been investigated for glucoamylase from Aspergillus niger. Direct covalent coupling of the enzyme to periodate-oxidized dextran in the presence of NaBH3CN results in a conjugate which has thermal properties similar to those of the native enzyme. Our working hypothesis postulates that enhancement of thermostability will result from rigidification of the protein's conformation subsequent to the formation of multiple covalent bonds between the protein and the support. On the basis of the known characteristics of glucoamylase from Aspergillus niger, it would seem necessary to introduce additional amino groups in the polypeptide chain of the protein. The incorporation of new amino groups was performed in two phases. First, the glycosidic part of glucoamylase was oxidized by periodate and the resulting aldehyde groups were reductively aminated by a diaminoalkane and NaBH3CIM. Secondly, additional amino groups were introduced on carboxyl functions into the previously aminated glucoamylase by a diaminoalkane and a water-soluble carbodiimide in the presence of maltose to protect the active site. The final derivative was then coupled to periodate-oxidized dextran T-70 in the presence of NaBH3CN. Starting with native glucoamylase, three successive operations give rise to a conjugate which retained 27% of the initial activity when measured with soluble starch and 39% when measured with maltopentaose. Using substrates of various sizes, it was observed that steric hindrance at the active site may result from covalent coupling to dextran T-70. It was demonstrated in heat inactivation experiments that the thermostability of the conjugate was in all cases superior to that of the native enzymes. Finally, it was observed that the operational stability of the conjugate was at least twice that of native glucoamylase at 70°C on 18% maltodextrin. Additional experiments rule out the possibility that thermosta-bilization of the complex is due to other reasons than the increase in the amino content of the protein prior to crosslinking. Neither chemical modification, reticulation nor change in the net charge of the protein resulted in a derivative of glucoamylase which presented enhanced thermostability after conjugation. We conclude that for enzymes which have a low content of available amino groups, the thermostabilization method proposed previously by the present authors may still be applicable if additional amino groups are introduced into the protein prior to its crosslinking to an oxidized polysaccharide. This new example reinforces the generality of this method of stabilization.
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260310313
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Production of optically active 2,3-butanediol by Bacillus polymyxa (1988)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 31 (1988), S. 366-377 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: Bacillus polymyxa produces (R, R)-2,3-butanediol from a variety of carbohydrates. Other metabolites are also produced including acetoin, acetate, lactate, and ethanol. The excretion of each metabolite was found to depend on the relative availability of oxygen to the culture. When the relative oxygen uptake rate was high, enhanced yields of acetate and acetoin were noted. At an intermediate oxygen availability, the butanediol yield was maximal. When the availability of oxygen was more restricted, higher yields of lactate and ethanol occurred. The cells appeared to regulate themselves such that energy generation is optimal subject to the constraint that the cells do not produce more reducing equivalents than can be oxidized by the electron transport system. The dependence of each product yield on the relative oxygen availability was determined, and this knowledge was used to carry out a fed-batch fermentation that attained a final butanediol concentration of over 40 g/L in 50 h.
    Zusätzliches Material: 10 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260310413
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Antifoam effects on ultrafiltration (1988)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 31 (1988), S. 385-389 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260310416
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Fed-batch fermentation for the production of α-amylase by Bacillus amyloliquefaciens (1988)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 31 (1988), S. 426-432 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: Fed-batch cultures were performed to maximize the α-amylase activity in a bioreactor. Kinetic equations containing a catabolite repression effect were used to model the enzyme formation from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens. Fed-batch culture experiments were performed using maltose to implement the optimal feeding strategy. Optimal fed-batch culture based on sequential parameter estimation was performed successfully using off-line analysis while the fermentation was in progress. The enzyme activity from the fed-batch culture employing maltose was higher than that of the batch culture by 60%. Enzyme production using starch showed similar trends to those obtained using maltose.
    Zusätzliches Material: 13 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260310506
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Effect of cycling on the stability of plasmid-bearing microorganisms in continuous culture (1988)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 31 (1988), S. 464-469 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: The implication of the possible existence of differences in the times required for plasmid-bearing and non-plasmid-bearing microorganisms to adjust their metabolic activities to step changes in their environment is examined. This adaptability difference suggests the possibility of maintaining an engineered strain in continuous culture by transient operation. It is shown for the case where adaptability is neglected that no cycling strategy will prevent the washout of the engineered strain, but the addition to the model of a time delay in substrate utilization can result in coexistence upon cycling. Numerical simulations of cycling in feed substrate concentration are carried out to illustrate the concept Operating diagrams are also constructed to indicate the conditions under which washout of the plasmid bearing strain can be prevented.
    Zusätzliches Material: 6 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260310511
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A new pilot reactor for solid-state fermentation: Application to the protein enrichment of sugar beet pulp (1988)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 31 (1988), S. 476-486 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: A new pilot reactor for solid-state fermentation has been used for single-cell protein production on raw sugar beet pulp with a mutant, Trichoderma viride T.S. This pilot plant, having a maximum working capacity of one ton (ca. 200 kg dry matter) can be scaled up to the production plant level. During the process, the protein content increases from 9 to 20-21% (on the basis of dry matter) in 48 h. A material and heat balance is presented in relation with temperature and moisture level regulation during the process.
    Zusätzliches Material: 10 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260310513
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Development of ultraporous fired bricks as support for yeast cell immobilization (1988)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 31 (1988), S. 470-475 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: Ultraporous fired bricks (porosities from 56 to 72%) were developed from materials locally available in Nigeria. The grog particle size was used to modulate the porosity of the bricks. The porous bricks produced were then employed as supports for the immobilization of a yeast strain isolated from a local alcoholic beverage, palm wine. The influence of a brick's porosity and particle size on the cell-loading capacity and cell growth inside the fired brick support were studied. The study revealed that a brick's porosity varied linearly with the mean particle size of the grog, increasing from a porosity of 56% at a particle size of 0.805 mm to 72% at a particle size of 0.075 mm. Cell saturation of the surface area available within the support matrix was completed within four hours of contact between the cell and the adsorbing surface especially for the most porous samples. Cell growth was therefore not observed in such cases; however, the less porous samples supported some cell growth upon incubation. Cell holdup was also observed to increase exponentially when either the porosity was increased or the particle size was decreased. The influence of particle size, however, became insignificant at very high porosities.
    Zusätzliches Material: 6 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260310512
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Fermentation of hemicellulosic sugars and sugar mixtures by Candida shehatae (1988)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 31 (1988), S. 502-506 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260310516
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