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  • Articles  (501)
  • Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)  (501)
  • 2015-2019  (501)
  • 2017  (501)
  • Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics  (501)
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  • Articles  (501)
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  • 2015-2019  (501)
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  • 1
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    Exploiting Antenna Motion for Faster Initialization of Centimeter-Accurate GNSS Positioning With Low-Cost Antennas (2017)
    Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
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    Publication Date: 2017-08-12
    Description: This paper investigates the effectiveness of multipath-decorrelating antenna motion in reducing the initialization time of global navigation satellite system (GNSS) receivers employing low-cost single-frequency antennas for carrier-phase differential GNSS (CDGNSS) positioning. Fast initialization times with low-cost antennas will encourage the expansion of CDGNSS into the mass market, bringing the benefits of globally referenced centimeter-accurate positioning to many consumer applications, such as augmented reality and autonomous vehicles, that have so far been hampered by the several-meter-level errors of traditional GNSS positioning. Poor multipath suppression common to low-cost antennas results in large and strongly time-correlated phase errors when a receiver is static. Such errors can result in the CDGNSS initialization time, the so-called time to ambiguity resolution (TAR), extending to hundreds of seconds—many times longer than for higher cost survey-grade antennas, which have substantially better multipath suppression. This paper demonstrates that TAR can be significantly reduced through antenna motion, particularly gentle wavelength-scale random antenna motion. Such motion acts to decrease the correlation time of the multipath-induced phase errors. A priori knowledge of the motion profile is shown to further reduce TAR, with the reduction shown to be more pronounced as the initialization scenario is more challenging.
    Print ISSN: 0018-9251
    Electronic ISSN: 1557-9603
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Published by Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
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  • 2
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    Table of Contents (2017)
    Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
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    Publication Date: 2017-08-12
    Print ISSN: 0018-9251
    Electronic ISSN: 1557-9603
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Published by Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
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  • 3
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    Spacecraft Recognition in Co-Located Satellites Cluster Through Optical Measures (2017)
    Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
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    Publication Date: 2017-08-12
    Description: The optical orbit determination is one of the most important ways for noncooperative object tracking. One of the main problems with noncooperative object tracking is its recognition through different nights. In this study, the conditions that ensure the recognition of a geostationary satellite inside a cluster were assessed through a hard real case study. This study was developed through a three-phase approach. The first phase was the observation campaign for the images acquisition. The second phase was the image's astrometric reduction for the data collection and the third phase was the orbit determination and data analyses. To evaluate the recognition ability, the residuals between the celestial coordinates obtained from the propagated orbit, which was carried out from the fitting between first night data and the environment gravity model through a least squares approach, and the measures collected during the second night were assessed. This approach, which is totally independent from the satellite cooperation actions, can be extended to the space debris recognition during different nights.
    Print ISSN: 0018-9251
    Electronic ISSN: 1557-9603
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Published by Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
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  • 4
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    Target Localization in Multistatic Passive Radar Using SVD Approach for Eliminating the Nuisance Parameters (2017)
    Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
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    Publication Date: 2017-08-12
    Description: In this paper, a weighted least squares (WLS) method is presented to find the location of a single target by the use of bistatic range (BR) measurements in multistatic passive radar. The proposed method is based on the idea of eliminating the nuisance parameter. Then, the method employs several WLS minimizations to obtain the target location estimate. The weighting matrix producing a significant improvement in the performance of the method is derived in two different conditions—one of them results in the maximum likelihood estimator (MLE) and the other one leads to the best linear unbiased estimator (BLUE). The accuracy properties of the method are analyzed, and the Cramer-Rao lower bound (CRLB) for target localization accuracy is also derived. In addition, in a two-dimensional space and in the case of localizing with one transmitter and the minimal number of receivers, the different placements of receivers are analytically determined, in each of which the location solution is not unique. Furthermore, from different aspects, the BR-based localization is compared to the hyperbolic localization derived from range difference (RD) measurements.
    Print ISSN: 0018-9251
    Electronic ISSN: 1557-9603
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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  • 5
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    IEEE Aerospace and Electronic Systems Society (2017)
    Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
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    Publication Date: 2017-08-12
    Print ISSN: 0018-9251
    Electronic ISSN: 1557-9603
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Published by Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
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  • 6
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    Modeling and Control of a Powered Parafoil in Wind and Rain Environments (2017)
    Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
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    Publication Date: 2017-08-12
    Description: A novel modeling method, based on computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to simulate a parafoil flying in rain and wind environments, is proposed. Then, the dynamic model of the powered parafoil in the complex environment is established on the basis of revised aerodynamic equations. By introducing path-following controllers based on active disturbance rejection control (ADRC), horizontal and longitude trajectory tracking of the powered parafoil in realistic environments are simulated. Results verify the effectiveness of the model and control methods.
    Print ISSN: 0018-9251
    Electronic ISSN: 1557-9603
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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  • 7
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    Space-Time Coding for Aeronautical Telemetry: Part II—Decoder and System Performance (2017)
    Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
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    Publication Date: 2017-08-12
    Description: This paper describes the use of Alamouti-encoded-shaped offset QPSK version TG (SOQPSK-TG) to solve the two-antenna problem in aeronautical telemetry. The Alamouti space-time block code is used to encode the phase states in the complex exponential representation of SOQPSK-TG. Because SOQPSK-TG possesses memory, the Alamouti decoder is a sequence estimator. Maximum likelihood and least squares sequence decoders are derived. To reduce the number of states, the eight-waveform cross-correlated trellis-coded quadrature modulation (XTCQM) approximate representation of SOQPSK-TG is used. A prototype decoder based on the least squares decoder and the estimators described in Part I and operating at a data rate of 10 Mb/s was tested in the laboratory in test flights at the Air Force Test Center, Edwards AFB. The test flights demonstrate that Alamouti-encoded SOQPSK-TG, as described in this paper, using the least squares decoder based on the estimators described in Part I solves the two antenna problem in aeronautical telemetry.
    Print ISSN: 0018-9251
    Electronic ISSN: 1557-9603
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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  • 8
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    Wind Turbine Blade Radar Signatures in the Near Field: Modeling and Experimental Confirmation (2017)
    Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
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    Publication Date: 2017-08-12
    Description: This paper presents methods and results in modeling wind turbine dynamic radar signatures in the near field. The theoretical analysis begins with the simpler case of modeling wind turbine blades as rectangular plates. The theoretical radar signature for the wind turbine in the near field is formulated and its main peculiarities are investigated. Subsequently, the complex shape of the blades is considered and the corresponding radar signatures are modeled. Theoretical modeling is confirmed for both cases via experimental testing in laboratory conditions. It is shown that the experimental results are in good accordance with the theoretically predicted signatures.
    Print ISSN: 0018-9251
    Electronic ISSN: 1557-9603
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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  • 9
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    A Scalable Multitarget Tracking System for Cooperative Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (2017)
    Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
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    Publication Date: 2017-08-12
    Description: In this paper, we present a decentralized multitarget tracking system for cooperative unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) with limited sensing capabilities. The proposed system distributively incorporates a clustering algorithm, an optimal sensor manager, and an optimal path planner to track multiple mobile targets. A set of extended Kalman filters is used by each UAV to estimate the locations of mobile targets. The UAVs are equipped with gimbaled cameras with a limited field of view and sensing range. To make the system scalable, the density-based spatial clustering of applications with noise algorithm is used to group targets, sensor managers determine optimal gimbal poses and path planners collectively coordinate UAVs’ movements. The effective performance of the proposed system is shown through simulation results.
    Print ISSN: 0018-9251
    Electronic ISSN: 1557-9603
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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  • 10
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    Hybrid Collision Avoidance-Tree Resolution for M2M Random Access (2017)
    Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
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    Publication Date: 2017-08-12
    Description: Wireless machine-to-machine (M2M) communication with synchronized traffic patterns plays an important role in many aircraft systems. Recent research has separately examined collision avoidance mechanisms, such as presmoothing and access barring, as well as collision resolution mechanisms, such as tree resolution, for M2M random access. In contrast, we examine the combination of collision avoidance and tree collision resolution into hybrid M2M random access protocols in the context of the popular Long-Term Evolution wireless system.
    Print ISSN: 0018-9251
    Electronic ISSN: 1557-9603
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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