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  • Other Sources  (585)
  • LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION  (585)
  • 1985-1989  (585)
  • 1988  (585)
  • 1
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    In:  CASI
    Publication Date: 2019-08-28
    Description: Planetary exploration has provided a torrent of discoveries and a recognition that planets are not inert objects. This expanded view has led to the notion of comparative planetology, in which the differences and similarities among planetary objects are assessed. Solar system exploration is undergoing a change from an era of reconnaissance to one of intensive exploration and focused study. Analyses of planetary surfaces are playing a key role in this transition, especially as attention is focused on such exploration goals as returned samples from Mars. To assess how the science of planetary geology can best contribute to the goals of solar system exploration, a workshop was held at Arizona State University in January 1987. The participants discussed previous accomplishments of the planetary geology program, assessed the current studies in planetary geology, and considered the requirements to meet near-term and long-term exploration goals.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: NASA-CP-3005 , NAS 1.55:3005
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2019-08-28
    Description: Examination of high time resolution frequency-time spectrograms of radio emission measured near the Voyager 1 and 2 encounters with Jupiter reveals occasional striation patterns within the normally diffuse hectometric radiation. The patterns are characterized by distinctive banded structures of enhanced intensity meandering in frequency over time scales of minutes to tens of minutes. This banded form of striated spectral activity (SSA) has an occurrence probability of the order of 5 percent during the three weeks before and after Jupiter encounters. Plots of single 6-s frequency sweeps often exhibit a slow rise in intensity followed by a sharp drop-off in each band as frequency decreases. Banded SSA is often preceded or followed by chaotic SSA in which banding of the emission becomes discontinuous or unrecognizable, although the intensity modulation is still evident. Although SSA normally occurs in the frequency range of roughly 0.2-1.0 MHz, similar but longer-lasting patterns have been found occasionally in decametric emission above 10 MHz. Analogous modulation has also been observed in the Saturnian radio emission, suggesting that SSA may be a common feature intrinsic to the radio emission at both planets.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research (ISSN 0148-0227); 93; 9597-960
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2019-08-28
    Description: The properties of the Jovian and Saturnian MSA, modulation patterns within the normally diffuse nonthermal radio emission that are characterized by distinctive banded structures of enhanced intensity fluctuations in frequency over time scales of minutes to tens of minutes, are discussed. Although Jovian and Saturnian MSA are both normally observed in the 0.2-1.3-MHz frequency range, similar pattern have been noted in Jovian decametric emission above 30 MHz. The MSA properties are used to constrain the possible source mechanism.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Intl. Workshop on Planetary Radio Emissions; Sept. 7-9, 1987; Graz; Austria
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2019-08-28
    Description: The Office of Exploration (OEXP) at NASA Headquarters has been tasked with defining and recommending alternatives for an early 1990's nationaL decision on a focused program of human exploration of the solar system. The Mission Analysis and System Engineering (MASE) group, which is managed by the Exploration Studies Office at the Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center, is responsible for coordinating the technical studies necessary for accomplishing such a task. This technical report, produced by the MASE, describes the process that has been developed in a case study approach. The four case studies developed in FY88 include: (1) Human Expedition to Phobos; (2) Human Expedition to Mars; (3) Lunar Observatory; and (4) Lunar Outpost to Early Mars Evolution. The final outcome of this effort is a set of programmatic and technical conclusions and recommendations for the following year's work.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: NASA-TM-4075-VOL-1 , NAS 1.15:4075-VOL-1
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2019-08-27
    Description: The terrain of Miranda, which is the least cratered and therefore pressumably youngest of the Uranian moons, encompasses more heavily cratered and coronae regions, of which the former are, again pressumably, the oldest. The coronae are also variably cratered; of these, Elsinore and Arden Coronae have similar, intermediate crater frequencies, and may therefore have formed simultaneously. The Inverness Corona is the youngest of the major terrains. Periods of global expansion are implied by grabben formation that may have occurred both before and after the formation of the coronae.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Icarus (ISSN 0019-1035); 442-461
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  • 6
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    In:  CASI
    Publication Date: 2019-08-27
    Description: This is a compilation of abstracts of reports from Principal Investigators of NASA's PLanetary Geology and Geophysics program, Office of Space Science and Applications. The purpose is to document in summary form research work conducted in this program during 1987. Each report reflects significant accomplishments in the area of the author's funded grant or contract.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: NASA-TM-4041 , NAS 1.15:4041
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2019-08-27
    Description: For the first time the population of impact structures on the entire surface of Venus photographed by the Venera-15 and Venera-16 space vehicles is discussed. Distribution of impact craters by classes and as a whole is presented. It is found that the average age of the craters observed is approximately one billion years.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: NASA-TT-20211 , NAS 1.77:20211
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  • 8
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    In:  Other Sources
    Publication Date: 2019-07-27
    Description: Planetary ray tracing calculations of free escaping electromagnetic waves are presented, with special attention given to calculations of the earth's auroral kilometric and continuum radiations and of the Jovian decametric and kilometric radiation. The technique is used to study the composition and propagation effects causing multiion resonances and shadow zones. Although results obtained for Jovian broadband kilometric radiation have been used to estimate the location of the source region, no unique solutions are obtained.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Intl. Workshop on Planetary Radio Emissions; Sept. 7-9, 1987; Graz; Austria
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  • 9
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    In:  Other Sources
    Publication Date: 2019-07-27
    Description: Both the Earth's auroral kilometric radiation (AKR) and Jupiter's decametric radio S-bursts are attributed to natural radio lasing. Presumably consisting of self-excited, closed-loop wave feedback oscillations between local irregularities of the source plasma density, this radio lasing is comparable to that which occurs in man-made optical lasers, although at radio, rather than optical wavelengths. As a result, it should produce a multiple discrete emission spectrum and intense, coherent beams. Recent observations of the AKR's discreteness and coherence have clearly ruled out the previous open-loop amplifier model for such emissions, and recent observations of the Jovian S-bursts have shown the expected, regularly-spaced, longitudinal laser modes. These new observations thus confirm the proposed planetary cyclotron radio lasing at both planets.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Intl. Workshop on Planetary Radio Emissions; Sept. 7-9, 1987; Graz; Austria
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  • 10
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    In:  Other Sources
    Publication Date: 2019-07-27
    Description: This paper offers a prediction concerning Neptune's low-frequency radio emission based on the radiometric Bode's law in combination with a recent prediction for Neptune's global magnetic field strength. The latter is based on a dynamo scaling relation derived from the magnetospheric balance condition within planetary cores. The radio emission frequency range is predicted to extend from approximately 100 to 1000 kHz, with a spectral peak between 350 and 500 kHz. A crude estimate of the emission spectral shape, based on Saturn and earth-like models, is shown. If radiation is beamed approximately in the sunward direction, Neptune should be detectable by the Planetary Radio Astronomy experiment onboard the Voyager spacecraft sometime between 45 and 60 days before closest approach.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Intl. Workshop on Planetary Radio Emissions; Sept. 7-9, 1987; Graz; Austria
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